Lexical Analysis

This study presents a brief description of the French linguistic lexicon of the economic and financial crisis. It offers two levels of analysis: the first character in teaching French as a foreign language (FFL) and the second proposes a lexical analysis.

Resumen El eWOM es el boca-a-boca electrónico que los turistas escriben en las plataformas digitales acerca de los hoteles visitados. En el presente documento se pretende exponer los principales elementos determinantes del eWOM vaciado en los portales especializados, como TripAdvisor, Booking.com, BestDay, PriceTravel, para el booking hotelero. En la primera parte se presentan las posibles variables a encontrar en el eWOM del booking hotelero mexicano. En la segunda parte, llevando a cabo una investigación cualitativa de tipo exploratorio, usando el método de Redes de Análisis Lexical. Se presentan los resultados obtenidos con el que se elaborará una teoría sobre la variable subyacente del eWOM en el booking hotelero mexicano. Palabras clave: eWOM, booking en línea, turismo, análisis lexical. Abstract eWOM is the electronic word-of-mouth that tourists write on the digital platform about the visited hotels. The paper is aimed to outline the determinants of eWOM into specialized portals, such as TripAvisor, Booking.com, BestDay, PriceTrivel, for the booking hotels. As a first step, we showed the variables found in the eWOM booking process at a mexican hotel. As a second step, we make an exploratory qualitative research, applying the Network Analysis Lexical Method. We shoe the result obtained to develop a theory about the underlying variable of eWOM in the booking process mexican hotels.

Quanteda is an R package built to analyze textual data, and is applied in this experimental research paper to the study of political speech in the UNGD text corpus created by Mikhaylov, Baturo, and Dasandi (2017). This assignment, submitted in partial fulfilment of the MSc Security Studies programme at University College London (UCL), applies some of the tools of the Quanteda package to the issue of nuclear proliferation and policy sentiment between China and North Korea, providing some insights about topic divergence between the two nation's addresses to the United Nations General Debate since the growth of North Korea's nuclear weapons arsenal. This experimental paper provides some insight into the efficacy of Quanteda as a way of analysing policy preference and lexical clusters for early researchers and International Relations students.

Purpose – Building on previous studies of the managerial application and development of the 5S concept (5S), this research aims to identify and present key concepts of 5S from a Japanese management perspective. These findings link 5S to aspects of Japanese management approach, which are aligned to an integrated management system rather than a simple management tool or technique. Design/methodology/approach

In Chapter Two, 'Wale Oni employs content analysis using the frame work of lexical semantic to differentiate the textual compositions of Nigerian students both in the synchronous and asynchronous computer-mediated communication. He argues that though there are similarities in the form and function of textual constructs in instant messaging and mobile phone texting, major differences abound in the structure of lexemes in term of length, punctuation and semantic import of linguistic markers evident in the corpus. This has been attributed to media affordances and constraints such as technicality, synchronicity, sequentiality among others, as well as varying frequencies of linguistic items such as pidgin, neologism/slang, code mixing and switching. He concludes that the observed differences make texting and instant messaging peculiar to a second language user (English), but with universal trends for “other” semantic categories found in the samples.

... associated with magical meanings, thus re-enchanting a disenchanted world (Mauss, 1902 ... Csikszentmihalyi, M., Rochberg-Halton, E. (1981), The Meaning of Things: Domestic ... a reconceptualization within the framework of consumer-brand relationships", International Journal ...

Nous presentons dans cet article une analyse du fonctionnement textuel des syntagmes prepositionnels en selon X introducteurs de discours rapporte (selon enonciatifs). Dans la premiere partie, nous mentionnons les principaux criteres permettant de reperer les selon enonciatifs (parmi les divers emplois de selon), et parmi eux, ceux qui sont susceptibles de porter sur plusieurs phrases (introduisant ainsi des cadres de discours specifiques dits univers enonciatifs). En second lieu, nous enumerons les principaux indices, ou reseaux d'indices signalant le plus efficacement la cloture des univers enonciatifs. Dans un troisieme temps, nous montrons comment ces connaissances linguistiques sont exploitees dans notre plate-forme logicielle ContextO.

Le niveau lexical du traitement des langues naturelles correspond aux traitements
centrés sur la notion de mot. Le matériau de base de l'ingénierie linguistique étant le
texte, parlé ou écrit, et le texte étant fait de mots, on conçoit facilement que le niveau lexical  soit  fondamental.  Il  est  en  fait  relié,  de  près  ou  de  loin,  à  la  totalité  de  ce  vaste domaine. Nous passerons donc en revue des sujets très variés. Cet examen sera l'occasion d'exercer une évaluation critique à différents niveaux. Nous  envisagerons  les  principaux  traitements  du  point  de  vue  de  leurs  objectifs  applicatifs  comme  du  point  de  vue  des  résultats  obtenus.  Nous  nous  intéresserons  ensuite aux outils de base qui ont été élaborés en vue de ces traitements et qui font partie de l'acquis des recherches : il s'agit de données linguistiques, des dictionnaires par  exemple,  et  d'outils  méthodologiques,  tels  que  des  formalismes.  Enfin,  pour  donner  un  aperçu  des  perspectives  de  recherche  actuellement  ouvertes,  nous évoquerons  brièvement  les  principaux  cadres  méthodologiques  qui  constituent l'arrière-plan de tous ces travaux.

The Volume of text resources have been increasing in digital libraries and internet. Organizing these text documents has become a practical need. For organizing great number of objects into small or minimum number of coherent groups automatically, Clustering technique is used. These documents are widely used for information retrieval and Natural Language processing tasks. Different Clustering algorithms require a metric for quantifying how dissimilar two given documents are. This difference is often measured by similarity measure such as Euclidean distance, Cosine similarity etc. The similarity measure process in text mining can be used to identify the suitable clustering algorithm for a specific problem. This survey discusses the existing works on text similarity by partitioning them into three significant approaches; String-based, Knowledge based and Corpus-based similarities.

Taking into account the disputed question about enchantment or disenchantment of the world caused by modern science, this paper comparatively examines the semantics of the lexicon of Charles Darwin’s Journal of Researches  and The Origin of Species using  computational  text-mining strategies. The aim is to show that there is a direct semantic  path, starting with the Journal and culminating in the Origin, which confirms a tendency towards a disenchanted type of language used  by  Darwin in his descriptions of nature. This is demonstrated by the lexical and semantic analysis of both texts.

Business Process Management (BPM) is an emerging new field in business. However there is no academically agreed upon conceptual framework. The aim of this paper is to establish a conceptual framework grounded in the recent literature. The purpose of this work is to ensure a better foundation for future research and to discussion of the implications of BPM on Enterprise Information Systems (EIS). The starting point of this study is a focused literature review of the BPM concept. This literature review leads to the formulation of a conceptual framework for BPM which is evaluated using a quantitative lexical analysis of a broader literature sample. Finally the implication of the BPM on EIS is discussed and potential future research opportunities are outlined.

We survey those domains of natural language processing where the  notion of  word  can  be  considered  as  the  fundamental  unit.  We  examine  the  results aimed  at,  the  results  achieved,  the  data  acquired  and  the  methods  used  in these domains. Our ambition is  that  this  critical  evaluation  could  contribute  to orientating research and development effort into directions leading to applicative results.

What reveals the language of the corpus Areopagiticum that we can use to determine its origin? Is it possible to detect specific words or lexical clusters which help situate the Sitz im Leben of the corpus within a specific theological school or movement? This study investigates these questions: through an analysis of pseudo-Dionysius' vocabulary and syntagmata in the Epistulae, this study will trace the theological sources that shaped and nurtured pseudo-Dionysius' thought.

The meaning of the word anataxasthai in the prologue of Luke’s Gospel remains uncertain and can only be indirectly assumed. The paper discusses the meaning of the word on the basis of the attestation of the word in ancient texts, lexicons and documents and through a diachronic and synchronic analysis of the word usage. According to this, Luke refers to brief written texts that recorded the words and the works of Jesus by listing them, for saving the information. In view of these, Luke declares his intention to serve the same tradition but in his own narrative way.

The machine project aims to design and implement formal models of computation such as Finite Automata and Pushdown Accepter in the development of a lexical and syntax analyzer for an eXtensible Markup Language or XML. The XML Parser was developed using C#.NET Programming Language. It accepts the contents of an XML and stores in a string data type. Each token on the string is extracted using Regular Expressions and the syntax was analyzed to be balanced using a series of if and else conditions based on the format of an XML document. The XML Parser outputs a YES when the input string is in a valid XML Format; otherwise, the output is NO. The system was tested using three main parameters, correctness, efficiency and code elegance. It registered a 100% correctness using the test cases at hackerank, O(n2) time and space complexity and a rating of average for code elegance measured using Visual Studio Code Metrics Calculator.

A thorough understanding of the vampire community as a whole demands a history of the online vampire community (OVC). This research project detects the themes arising in the publicly accessible posts of six historically significant OVC fora--Vampirism Research Institute, alt.culture.vampires, Smoke & Mirrors, House of the Dreaming forums, Atlanta Vampire Alliance forums, and the Vampire Community News Facebook group--using an automated thematic analyzer to tag each of 100,637 posts with detected thematic content. Each analyzed forum demonstrated unique levels of interest in analyzed themes though a strong interest in spirituality and the supernatural and themes relating to vampiric identity, particularly the legitimacy of vampiric identities and feeding methods, presented itself throughout the analyzed OVC. Results also demonstrate how the OVC grew with the help of sites originally intended for fans of vampire fiction by self-identifying vampires sharing links to fora run by and for actual vampires, providing a path for others drawn to the fictional or folkloric vampire who may identify as vampires themselves. Analysis further reveals that rates of OVC anger, previously found to be relatively high for online fora generally, have dropped considerably over the OVC’s history.

The current research has been carried out to compare different techniques for the text analysis. The corpus analyzed was made up of front page titles published by the main Italian daily newspapers during the month before the last regional elections. We followed two aims : the content exploration and the comparison between newspapers. For the exploration we carried out a content analysis and two lexical analyses : a descendent cluster analysis and a correspondence analysis. To compare newspapers we carried out three ascendant hierarchical cluster analyses based on content and lexical analysis data. Theoretical and empirical implications are discussed.

What reveals the language of the Corpus Areopagiticum that we can use to determine its origin? Is it possible to detect specific words or lexical clusters which help situate the Sitz im Leben of the corpus within a specific theological school or movement? This study investigates these questions: through an analysis of pseudo-Dionysius' vocabulary and syntagmata it will trace the theological sources that shaped and nurtured pseudo-Dionysius' thought.

If scientists engaged in the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) detect a signal from an extraterrestrial civilization, one of the most pressing issues facing humankind will be “Should we reply, and if so, what should we say?” Building on an infrastructure that the SETI Institute used to gather over 50,000 messages from around the world to send onboard the Kepler mission, Earth Speaks invites people to submit online their text messages, pictures, and sounds, as they ponder what they would want to say to an extraterrestrial civilization. Participants for the study have been recruited from 68 nations, from all walks of life. By tracking demographic variables for each person submitting a message, we have identified commonalities and differences in message content that are related to such factors as age and gender. Similarly, by tracking the date on which messages were submitted and the location from which the message was sent, we have also identified the way in which message content is related to time and geographic location. Furthermore, when we compare previous themes derived from textual messages to our current categorical analysis of submitted images, we find our textual themes to be concurrently validated. In doing so, we find the Earth Speaks Website not only allows for the construction of interstellar messages, but also functions as a projective psychological assessment of species-level human identity. We next proceed to demonstrate the generative power of our method by showing how we can synthesize artificial messages from the Earth Speaks messages. We then discuss how these artificially generated messages can be tailored to represent both commonality and diversity in human thought as it is revealed through our data. We end by discussing our method's utility for cross-disciplinary research in the social sciences and humanities.

We sought to determine whether the psychological effects of sexual abuse systematically affect the language of abuse survivors. To accomplish this, we used a computerized lexical analysis system to compare the Rorschach responses of 30 female psychiatric inpatient abuse survivors with those of a matched group of female psychiatric inpatients with no abuse history. We then replicated the results in a holdout sample of 20 additional female inpatients. Our findings suggest that childhood sexual abuse has enduring and identifiable effects on the language of abuse survivors.

Packrat parsing is a novel technique for implementing parsers in a lazy functional programming language. A packrat parser provides the power and flexibility of top-down parsing with backtracking and unlimited lookahead, but nevertheless guarantees linear parse time. Any language defined by an LL(k) or LR(k) grammar can be recognized by a packrat parser, in addition to many languages that conventional linear-time algorithms do not support. This additional power simplifies the handling of common syntactic idioms such as the widespread but troublesome longest-match rule, enables the use of sophisticated disambiguation strategies such as syntactic and semantic predicates, provides better grammar composition properties, and allows lexical analysis to be integrated seamlessly into parsing. Yet despite its power, packrat parsing shares the same simplicity and elegance as recursive descent parsing; in fact converting a backtracking recursive descent parser into a linear-time packrat parser often involves only a fairly straightforward structural change. This paper describes packrat parsing informally with emphasis on its use in practical applications, and explores its advantages and disadvantages with respect to the more conventional alternatives.

Lexical disambiguation is one of the major challenges facing those who devise automatic word tagging systems for processing written text. Grammatical disambiguation algorithms reduce the number of possible tags. We will consider here a framework where a large grammatical lexicon is looked up to associate every token in the text, either a simple or a compound word, with the set of all grammatical tags a priori possible for it. (Such a framework for French is now integrated into the INTEX system.) This problem was investigated by M. Silberztein (1989) and E. Roche (1992). We provide formal descriptions of both algorithms. They share a striking common background and purpose. However, they show real formal and computational differences. From a formal point of view, we compare the formal power of the algorithms. From a practical point of view, we examine whether the algorithms are better adapted to particular types of grammatical disambiguation.

PurposeThis paper contends that the central question in understanding consumers' experiences is not what is said (lexical analysis) or why (ideological analysis), but how consumers relate these experiences. The purpose is to present a method called discourse analysis (DA) to examine consumers' narratives. This interdisciplinary perspective advantageously complements the lexical, content analytic or semiotic approaches traditionally used in marketing.Design/methodology/approachIn order to show the potential of DA as a method to analyze qualitative data, the paper reports on a research concerning consumers' shopping experiences. Data used stemmed from in‐depth interviews that are analyzed through a critical DA informed by discursive psychology and foucauldian approaches.FindingsDA allows marketers grasping the experiential value of shopping activities by depicting these experiences as ongoing constructions which meaning is constantly reinterpreted. DA also gives access to ...

In this article we report on listener categorization of meaningful environmental sounds. A starting point for this study was the phenomenological taxonomy proposed by Gaver (1993b). In the first experimental study, 15 participants classified 60 environmental sounds and indicated the properties shared by the sounds in each class. In a second experimental study, 30 participants classified and described 56 sounds exclusively made by solid objects. The participants were required to concentrate on the actions causing the sounds independent of the sound source. The classifications were analyzed with a specific hierarchical cluster technique that accounted for possible cross-classifications, and the verbalizations were submitted to statistical lexical analyses. The results of the first study highlighted 4 main categories of sounds: solids, liquids, gases, and machines. The results of the second study indicated a distinction between discrete interactions (e.g., impacts) and continuous inter...

Questions of Bartholomew originated most likely in the third or fourth century in Greek, and later it was translated into Latin and Old Church Slavonic. This study presents comprehensive textological and lexical analyses of the six extant Slavonic manuscripts, determines the most likely place and time of the creation of the original translation into Slavonic, and outlines the possible ways in which the manuscripts spread throughout the Slavonic environment.
The study is accompanied by comprehensive material consisting of the line-by-line edition of all of the preserved manuscripts, new transcriptions of the Slavonic manuscripts and the thus far unknown Greek manuscript XI. 024 (coll. 1293), and the Old Church Slavonic–Greek and Greek–Old Church Slavonic indices verborum.

https://www.kosmas.cz/knihy/270647/apocryphal-questions-of-bartholomew-in-the-slavonic-tradition/

Deaf individuals typically experience English language difficulties at all levels of linguistic knowledge. Hearing individuals with English language learning disabilities (LD) can exhibit the same kinds of English language difficulties as deaf individuals. Although the existence of deaf individuals who also have LD has long been recognized, no definite criteria for identifying them exist, partly because of the confounding effects of deafness and LD on English language development. Despite the confound, previous surveys suggest that teachers believe atypical English-language behavior is a potential diagnostic marker for LD in deaf individuals. In the present study, a survey solicited the intuitions of experienced teachers and tutors of English to deaf college students regarding the degree of difficulty deaf students with and without LD might be expected to have in dealing with 30 specific English language phenomena. Spelling knowledge and a variety of English discourse, lexical syntactic, and morphological phenomena emerged as candidates for further study as potential markers of LD in the deaf population.

Campaigns to encourage return or deter migration have become a priority for European governments, revealing a new way of managing migration flows to Europe. If scholars from social sciences have investigated these campaigns, no study in the field of discourse analysis addressed the argumentative discursive mechanisms at work in shaping migrants’ perceptions. The present research analyses the use of storytelling in migration information campaigns (MICs) by comparing two online European campaigns: a dissuasive campaign (tellingtherealstory.org) and a persuasive campaign (retourvolontaire.be). First, the discursive features of each website are described, highlighting the central place given to migrant’s stories. Second, a narrative and lexical analysis is conducted on these stories to investigate the way in which they constitute the argumentative dimension of these campaigns’ discourses. The results show that the stories of both dissuasive and persuasive campaigns converge towards the ...