Light field

An increase in random molecular vibrations of a solid owing to heating above the melting point leads to a decrease in its long-range order and a loss of structural symmetry. Therefore conventional liquids are isotropic media. Here we report on a light-induced isothermal transition of a polymer film from an isotropic solid to an anisotropic liquid state in which the

This paper presents a camera that samples the 4D light field on its sensor in a single photographic exposure. This is achieved by in-serting a microlens array between the sensor and main lens, creat-ing a plenoptic camera. Each microlens measures not just the total amount of ...

We construct a multi-field inflationary model consisting of multiple K\"ahler moduli derived from type IIB string compactification in the large volume limit. The model consists of both heavy and light fields, with the former being frozen during the inflationary period and the latter acting as the inflaton(s). We study the evolution of all the fields during and after inflation until the preheating era when all the fields oscillate around their vacuum expectation values. Our numerical analysis shows that the curvature perturbations have an almost scale invariant power spectrum with $n_s \simeq 0.96$.

For testing the integration of the remote sensing related technologies into the water quality monitoring programs of Lake Garda (the largest Italian lake), the spatial and spectral resolutions of Hyperion and the capability of physics-based approaches were considered highly suitable. Hyperion data were acquired on 22nd July 2003 and water quality was assessed (i) defining a bio-optical model, (ii) converting

Stereoscopic rendering and 3D stereo displays are quickly becoming mainstream. The natural extension is autostereoscopic multi-view displays which, by the use of parallax barriers or lenticular lenses, can accommodate many simultaneous viewers without the need for active or passive glasses. As these displays, for the foreseeable future, will support only a rather limited number of views, there is a need for high-quality interperspective antialiasing. We present a specialized algorithm for efficient multi-view image generation from a camera line using ray tracing, which builds on previous methods for multi-dimensional adaptive sampling and reconstruction of light fields. We introduce multi-view silhouette edges to detect sharp geometrical discontinuities in the radiance function. These are used to significantly improve the quality of the reconstruction. In addition, we exploit shader coherence by computing analytical visibility between shading points and the camera line, and by sharing shading computations over the camera line.

Computer generated images by default render the entire scene in perfect focus. Both camera optics and the human visual system have limited depth of field, due to the finite aperture or pupil of the optical system. For more realistic computer graphics as well as to enable artistic control over what is and what is not in focus, it is desirable to add depth of field blurring. Starting with the work of Potmesil and Chakravarty[33][34], there have been numerous approaches to adding depth of field effects to computer graphics. Published work in depth of field for computer graphics has been previously surveyed by Barsky [2][3]. Later, interactive depth of field techniques were surveyed by Demers [12]. Subsequent to these surveys, however, there have been important developments. This paper surveys depth of field approaches in computer graphics, from its introduction to the current state of the art. Figure 1: (left) Image before and after depth of field has been added via postprocessing (cou...

There is a need for a processor to perform real-time automatic target classification (ATC) that is compact and consumes little electrical power. Optical processors have the potential to provide the needed computational power in a small package. Substantial efforts have been expended in the development of spatial light modulators (SLMs) to meet the ATC requirements, but performance achieved thus far is still lacking. A new class of optical devices, spatial light rebroadcasters (SLRs) have been developed recently with potential performance far exceeding current SLMs. Instead of modulating the input light field, SLR absorbs the incident radiation and re-emits when triggered to do so. The triggering can be accomplished with an optical signal which also carries spatial information. The storage capability and the relationship between the intensities of the incident (input), triggering (readout) and emitted (output) radiations can be used to perform parallel processing of two-dimensional s...

We present PiCam (Pelican Imaging Camera-Array), an ultra-thin high performance monolithic camera array, that captures light fields and synthesizes high resolution images along with a range image (scene depth) through integrated parallax detection and superresolution. The camera is passive, supporting both stills and video, low light capable, and small enough to be included in the next generation of mobile devices including smartphones. Prior works [Rander et al. 1997; Yang et al. 2002; Zhang and Chen 2004; Tanida et al. 2001; Tanida et al. 2003; Duparré et al. 2004] in camera arrays have explored multiple facets of light field capture - from viewpoint synthesis, synthetic refocus, computing range images, high speed video, and micro-optical aspects of system miniaturization. However, none of these have addressed the modifications needed to achieve the strict form factor and image quality required to make array cameras practical for mobile devices. In our approach, we customize many ...

The realization of nonclassical states is an important task for many applications of quantum information processing. Usually, properly tailored interactions, different from goal to goal, are considered in order to accomplish specific tasks within the general framework of quantum state engineering. In this paper we remark on the flexibility of a cross-Kerr nonlinear coupling in hybrid systems as an important ingredient in the engineering of nonclassical states. The general scenario we consider is the implementation of high cross-Kerr nonlinearity in cavity-quantum electrodynamics. In this context, we discuss the possibility of performing entanglement transfer and swapping between a qubit and a continuous-variable state. The recently introduced concept of entanglement reciprocation is also considered and shown to be possible with our scheme. We reinterpret some of our results in terms of applications of a generalized Ising interaction to systems of different nature.