Liturgical Calendars

[Mei Oujin 梅欧金]. “Tianzhu shiyi zai Fujian: zai liang ge shijie, liang zhong shijian zhi jian. 天主实义在福建：在两个世界、两种时间之间.” In Lynn Struve (Si Tulin 司徒林), Zhao Shiyu 赵士瑜, and Du Zhengzhen 杜正贞 eds. Shijie shijian yu Dong Ya shijian zhong de Ming Qing bianqian: cong Ming dao Qing shijian de zhongsu 世界时间与东亚时间中的明清变迁-从明到清时间的重塑. Beijing: Sanlian Shudian, 2009, vol. 1, pp. 225-303. [Chinese translation of “Between Two Worlds and Two Times: Teachings of the Lord of Heaven in Fujian.” In Lynn Struve ed., Time, Temporality, and Change of Empires: East Asia from Ming to Qing. Association for Asian Studies-sponsored series Asian Interactions and Comparisons, University of Hawai’i Press, 2005].

Why were the Biblical Holidays received differently in post Second Temple Judaism and in Christianity? How did they further develop their different liturgical calendars in relation to the Biblical calendar? And how does the recent development of Messianic Jewish Holiday practice fit in this picture?

This work briefly reviews the thematic importance of the Ascension in the post-consecratory anamnesis of ancient liturgies as a legitimate summation of Biblical themes related to what is called "exaltation Christology." Contrary to the normal opinion, I find that exaltation Christology concerns the sitting of the Son of Man at the right hand and not merely a reference to the resurrection of Jesus.

Aim of this paper is to show development of Christian liturgical tradition in 4 century, on the base of “Constitutions of the Holy Apostles”. On the basis of this manuscript we can observe the development of the liturgical tradition of the Eastern Church. This paper shows all church services described in manuscript, which leads to short analysis of liturgy, evening worship and morning service. thPaper also shows liturgical calendar of Church in 4 century which can educate about feasts and specials days in Christian life. This analysis leads to conclusion that liturgical tradition showed in “Constitutions...” was an example of developed liturgical life and even nowadays has serious influence in Orthodox liturgical life.

Настоящая публикация представляет собой перевод и издание литургического календаря древней Испанской Церкви в том виде, в котором он сложился на севере Пиренейского полуострова к середине XI в. Автор не ставит своей целью представить сводный список праздников, отмечаемых христианами в этот период. Для публикации выбран конкретный литургический календарь из мосарабской рукописи Liber ordinum, Silos, Archivo Monástico, cod. 4, представляющий автохтонную северную богослужебную традицию древней Испании накануне официальной отмены испано-мосарабского обряда и замещения его римским обрядом.

В настоящей статье опубликован русский перевод литургического календаря X в. по рукописи Liber ordinum (Silos, Arch. Mon., cod. 3), представляющей древний испано-мосарабский обряд и происходящей с севера Пиренейского полуострова. Проведен общий анализ манускрипта, дано его краткое описание, выявлены празднования и календарные установления, имеющие испанское происхождение. Указаны оригинальные особенности и отличия данного календаря от других рукописных мосарабских календарей X-XI вв. Перевод снабжен ссылками и комментариями, поясняющими отдельные памяти или указывающими на оригинальную орфографию и лексику источника. К статье прилагаются иллюстрации, включающие факсимиле рукописи.

The article presents the Russian translation from Latin of the 10th century liturgical calendar according to the manuscript Liber ordinum (Silos, Arch. Mon., cod. 3). This manuscript represents the ancient Spanish Mozarabic rite and was written at the north of the Iberian Peninsula. In the article a general analysis of the manuscript is carried out, a brief description is given, calendar celebrations and saints of Spanish origin are revealed. Also original features and differences of this calendar from other handwritten Mozarabic calendars of the 10th–11th centuries are indicated. The translation is provided with notes and comments explaining individual memories or pointing to the original spelling and vocabulary of the source. Illustrations have been added to the article, including facsimiles of the manuscript.

Between the 13th and 15th centuries a new way of portraying the Annunciation was developed in the Iberian Peninsula. This iconographic variant, which depicts the Virgin in an advanced state of pregnancy, enjoyed great acceptance in the territories of the Crown of Castile and the Kingdom of Portugal. Even though there is no unanimous agreement on the reasons for this emphasis on the pregnancy, most researchers coincide in pointing out the transfer of the feast in the Hispanic Rite —from the 25th of March to the 18th of December, giving rise to the so called Feast of the Expectation— as the main potential cause. This article is intended to make an approach to the sources of the passage, seeking for possible connections with the features that typify these Annunciations, without losing sight of the influential capacity that the new feast of December had, as did the writings of Saint Ildephonsus of Toledo, its alleged creator.

The article presents a fragmentary piece of page from a 'typikon', a liturgical book containing incipits (and sometimes also explicits) of liturgical readings for the whole liturgical year. This is the first fragment of such a book known from the Middle Nile Valley. The article offers a preliminary edition and translation of the text as well as an extensive liturgical commentary of its contents.

В статье описывается один из основных источников для изучения литургии мосарабского обряда средневековой Испании – Missale Mixtum, изданный в Толедо в 1500 г. Рассматриваются состав и содержание миссала, объясняется его название, особое внимание уделяется устройству годового круга богослужения согласно данному источнику.

The paper describes the Missale Mixtum issued in Toledo in 1500 A. D. as one of the main sources for studying the Mozarabic rite liturgy of the medieval Spain. The missal structure and content is considered, its title is explained; the study is focused on structure of the annual cycle of the Divine Office according to this source.

Le tradizioni viventi sono, in Svizzera, l'anima del patrimonio culturale, espressione del sentire popolare, del sapore di un territorio e della sua storia. Scopriamole ín occasione della Fête des vignerons che quest'estate ospita il nostro Cantone.

The present article aims at analysing from two different perspectives (typological and liturgical) the scant remnants of Nubian liturgical books, which, although some of them have been known for a long time, have not been treated in a detailed manner so far. The comparative study of the pericopae, that is liturgical readings, preserved in the Nubian material and the ones found in lectionaries of other Eastern Churches of that period provides an interesting perspective on links between the Christian kingdoms of the Nile valley and the rest of Eastern Christendom. Analogies to the Nubian sources can be found not only in neighbouring Egypt and influential Constantinople, but also in Syro-Palestine and Georgia, which proves that the cultural landscape of the Middle Nile Valley is more complex than is usually perceived.