MSME

Knowledge Entrepreneurship emerged in the wake of a fluid environment evolved from the industrial economy. It is that entrepreneurship that drives knowledge and it is in turn driven by knowledge. When knowledge entrepreneurship is applied into the production function in right and desired proportion, it becomes a gate opener for wealth creation. Thus, this study show the imperatives that, as knowledge entrepreneurship is adapted it evolves a knowledge entrepreneurship economy with wide gates for wealth creation opened as the resulting effect in Nigeria. The study further showed that the literacy rate, globalization penetration index and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (NSME) combines to make for effective knowledge entrepreneurship with high output in wealth creation for Nigeria. Lastly, the study was based on secondary data and survey methodology deployed whilst meta-analysis performed on the hypothesis to answer the research questions posited with recommendations for policy. 

Keywords: Knowledge and Knowledge Management, Knowledge Entrepreneurship, Wealth and Gate Opener.

It is not straightforward to urge and prepare MSMEs to participate in the standard tax system. MSMEs must have adequate tax knowledge and competence to comply with their tax obligations after they enter the standard tax system. The research aims to develop a strategy for transitioning to a normal tax system from the perspective of both the taxpayer and the government, including the barriers encountered. This study used a qualitative approach and an in-depth interview to obtain data. A review of the literature was conducted, as well as in-depth interviews with DGT officials, tax scholars, tax practitioners, and SME taxpayers. The most recent rule on final income tax for MSMEs establishes a time restriction for applying the final income tax rate and recording. The grace period was designed to teach MSMEs how to manage their bookkeeping and other obligations under the conventional tax system while growing their business. According to the study's findings, MSMEs taxpayers do not have a distinct strategy for dealing with the conventional tax system. They do, however, have commercial plans that overlap with the transition strategy. On the other hand, the government, through DGT, launched a plan called Business Development Services. The challenges of human resources and initiative affect both government and MSMEs taxpayers. This article examines the strategic procedures necessary to convert MSME taxpayers from a presumptive tax regime to the implementation of a conventional tax system, as well as the barriers encountered in achieving tax equity. The report proposes a transition strategy from a presumptive, tax regime to the implementation of a conventional tax system on the hard-to-tax sector by the Indonesian tax authorities and MSME taxpayers.

The Gross Domestic Product of a country indicates the prosperity and wealth of a country. In the recent past India has become one of the fastest growing countries and completing with the most advanced and developed countries in several areas. The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises are small enterprises carry out the manufacture and allied activities will also contribute significantly to GDP, including one-third of India's manufacturing output. In India, 12 crores were employed through MSMEs and contribute to 45% of overall exports Most the developed countries contribution to GDP is more than 50%, and Centre for Economics and Business Research, 2018 reported that Indian would overtake both France and UK GDP by 2032. To achieve the countries ambition of 5 Trillion economy, there is an urgent need to strengthen the MSME in India. Therefore, the presented research study maks an critical analysis on the assistance of Public Sector banks to MSMEs and its effect on their performance. The research concludes that efficient management and enhancement of MSMEs will boost the employment and enhance the country's GDP.

The Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector is acknowledged often as the economic growth engine for countries since it functions as a central part in offering larger-scale employments opportunities at a lesser cost of capital, whilst developing the rural in addition to backward communities via Industrialization, resulting in much equivalent distribution of the nation’s wealth and its income. Regardless of this significance, the sector encounters numerous constraints, namely the scarcity of sufficient and timely contribution of bank finance. The Food Processing (FP) industry in this sector plays an essential part in economic development. In India, Kerala offers lots of raw materials aimed at FP sectors but the sectors comprise financial access issues like this. Thus, this research examines the MSME sector's financial access regarding the FP unit in Kerala state, India. This work is centred on the questionnaire distribution along with the collection process. Primarily, the questionnaires were given to 879 owners of FP MSME sectors. After that, this research examines the financial access utilizing the collected MSME owners' responses. In that analysis segment, the research strives to gauge the financial resource gap, constraints, and barriers encountered by the MSME and examine the financial access as of the macro-economic development perspective view. This research study's result describes that the MSME sector's financial access is extremely sturdy.

This study discusses the digitalization and its impact on various sectors of Indian Economy, On July 1 st , 2015 under the leadership of honorable Prime Minister Narendra Modi took the very first and crucial step towards "Making India Digital". This is aimed to connect the rural parts of the India with Internet Connection and make them digitally literate to understand the development happening in their own sector and to inculcate them. India is one of the fastest developing nations with a very high young population accounting to (~65%) whose age is less than 35 years. Impact of Digitalization can be clearly observed only when the Individuals are capable of understanding and adopt them, for that every individual have to be financially literate which makes them capable of making judicious decisions, post digitalization financial transactions have to be taken through internet keeping that in view digital financial literacy has become the essential knowledge, through digitalization we can change a business model and provide new revenue and value producing opportunities. This paper focusses on how Digitalization has impacted the MSME and service sectors and how implementation of industry 4.0 has not done in larger scale. Why digitalization is so important and what are the sectors got impacted and how can we as emerge 3rd largest economy in the near future and how digitalization helped in bringing the transparency in the financial transactions and raise of usage of E Wallets. Problem: India being a developing nation and facing many financial issues with roughly 70% of the population residing the rural parts of India it is slightly difficult to educate them with the Digitalization and the impacts of it. India is developing on many aspects like usage of internet etc but making them use in the right direction, which can help them in increasing their productivity and adds value to the economic front and making them financially literate is the main challenges ahead.

Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in facilitating varieties of economic activities in different parts of a country through which it provide a solution to reduce poverty, unemployment and
inequality of income distribution especially for developing country like India. It encourages entrepreneurial spirit and dispersal of theindustries throughout the length and breadth of the country. The existence of inequality in entrepreneurship of MSME sector is a major problem of bringing socio-economic equality in the country. This paper examines the existence of gender gap of entrepreneurial activity and the regional disparities along with uneven dispersal of MSME sectors in between rural and urban areas of India as well as Odisha. It also studies disparity of entrepreneurship in MSME sectors among different social groups of the country. Simple statistical devices are used to analyse the secondary data collected from various sources to find out entrepreneurial disparity in MSME Sectors and to suggest possible measures for the reduction of
this inequality in India and Odisha.

ABSTRACT: The study was carried out to identify through scientific methods the active ingredients and the pharmacological activities of the shoot and root extracts of Mimosa pudica Linn.The Mimosa pudica shoot methanolic extract (MSME), Mimosa pudica root methanolic extract (MRME) showed very good wound healing activity when compared to the standard drug Gentamicin. Whereas Mimosa pudica root Chloroform extract (MRCE) showed negative result. The isolated compounds were characterized by instrumental analysis, UV and IR.

MSMEs, as a major contributor towards growth of domestic economy and employment generation, should get adequate support in terms of policy framework, incentives and other relevant aids. There are 35 million enterprises in various industries, employing 69 million people. The finest benefit of this sector is employment generation for the development of Indian Economy by increasing of standard of living of the people. In this background researcher made an attempt to study the role of Small, Micro and Medium Enterprises in inclusive growth of Indian Economy. Steps like providing infrastructure facilities, developing various industrial parks and technology incubators under MSME cluster development programmers, creating networks of organizations that help provide training to skilled workforce to improve productivity, encourage entrepreneurship and competency in management, funding R&D investments, technology advancement may work for the betterment of the sector. This paperfocuses on the prospects of MSME and the major challengesforsustained growth

, http://www.euroasiapub.org (An open access scholarly, peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary, monthly, and fully refereed journals.) ABSTRACT Industrial sickness is serious problems which affects all types of business units like small, medium and large scale companies in both public and private sectors. Simple we can say that Industrial Sickness means when the company is unhealthy and its financial position is distress on a continuous base. Failure of a company is a socioeconomic problem of the nation. To face this failure it is necessary for the organization to know prevention and revival strategies. Both prevention and cure of industrial sickness would depend on the ability to identify the sickness of the company. It must be as early as possible. Flawed or tardy identification would decrease the effectiveness of the remedial actions. It may not be effectives in terms of restoring the financial viability of sick units as well as protecting units which would become sick. This study reviews the various articles on industrial sickness and its impact on various business organizations. This review is a synthesis of industrial sickness literature from 2000-2016 providing explanation the causes of sickness and its impact on industrial sector as well as remedial measure to prevent sickness. It will help to the corporate people to understand the concept of industrial sickness in the industry., http://www.euroasiapub.org (An open access scholarly, peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary, monthly, and fully refereed journals.)

Insurance and economic development in India exhibits a direct positive correlation on the growth path. Insurance companies, both life and non–life, have been playing the role of financial intermediaries and performing extremely useful functions in our economy. In India, insurance sector was opened for private participation with the enactment of the IDRA Act, 1999. Since then, 22 private companies have been established in life insurance sector. All these players are actively introducing innovative products to meet the specific needs of the prospective policyholders. However, life insurance companies, particularly private sector players, give more attention in selling unit linked plans that are not suited to the real needs of the insured. Of the various alternative distribution channels, agency is still dominating and the successful one. Given poor level of consumer awareness, strong customer education programs and promotional strategies are the immediate requirements. Exploring more distribution channels of micro-insurance for untapped rural market is extremely important. Further more customer service is the key for the success and life insurance companies therefore should give more attention in post– sales services rather than pre–sales services. Overall, our paper shows the important aspects of life insurance marketing activity from a services perspective and highlights the contemporary issues and challenges facing the life insurance companies in product marketing.

There is growing worldwide appreciation of the fact that Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a catalytic role in the development process of most economies. MSMEs form the backbone of the Indian economy and have become engine of economic growth in India. It is estimated that MSMEs account for almost 90% of industrial units in India and 40% of value addition in the manufacturing sector. Today, small and medium industry occupies a position of strategic importance in the Indian economic structure due to its significant contribution in terms of output, exports and employment. The small scale industry accounts for 40% of gross industrial value addition and 50% of total manufacturing exports. More than 13.2 million units are spread all over the country producing about 6000 items, from very basic to highly sophisticated products. The MSMEs are the biggest employment-provider after agriculture, providing employment to nearly 32 million people. This paper closely analyses the growth and development of the Indian small scale sector since opening of the economy in 1991. It also looks into the present scenario of MSMEs and the challenges they face like lending, marketing, license raj issues in detail.

The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector is a highly vibrant and dynamic sector of
the Indian economy. It contributes in the economic and social development of the country. MSMEs are fostering
entrepreneurship and generating largest employment opportunities at comparatively lower capital cost, next
only to agriculture. This sector also has a great influence in production and export of our country. Now,
MSMEs are operated in almost all major sectors in the Indian industry such as- Food Processing, Textiles and
garments, Agricultural inputs, Leather and leather goods, Sports goods, Plastic products, Electro-medical
equipment, Computer Software etc. MSMEs have a great role in development of rural India and backward class
(SC, ST, OBC) people. In this paper I try to find out the role of MSMEs in development of rural India, backward
class people, women empowerment and women entrepreneurship.
Keywords: MSMEs, employment, backward class people, women empowerment.

The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector has emerged as complementary
for large industries as an ancillary units and it is enormously contributing to the enhancement of
socio-economic profile of the country by providing large employment opportunities at lower cost
comparatively than large industries. It also reduces regional imbalances by developing
industrialization in backward and rural areas with that it assures more equitable distribution of
national income and wealth. According to fourth all India census of MSME, it accounts for around
40 percent in total industrial production and 35 percent of the total exports of the country are directly
recorded by this sector. Moreover, 14 million people got employment by this sector; it is second
largest source for employment in India next only to agriculture. Hence, this paper attempted to
explain the significant role of MSME in sustainable societal development.

In the Indian economy, the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) form the backbone of inclusive growth. After liberalization, the MSME sector is facing a complex mix of opportunities and challenges. Despite its significant contributions, the MSME sector remains neglected due to its weak marketing and branding. A majority of start-ups fail shortly after inception. The present research is an attempt to identify the significant factors responsible for the development of sustainable brands of the MSME sector and to estimate the impact of these factors on firm performance.

Researchers argue that small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) play a pivotal role in national and regional economies. These companies play a major part in sustaining domestic and regional economic growth and are important agents for alleviating poverty in developing countries. It has been suggested that the use of Information Communication Technologies (ICT) increases richness, reach and the ability of local SMEs to participate in the digital economy. However the concept of the internal digital divide suggests that the pattern of ICT diffusion vary between urban and rural area with rural areas adopting ICT at a slower rate. This research-in-progress will compare the adoption patterns of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in two regions: urban and rural Jamaica. Five hundred MSME will be sampled and Rogers Innovation Diffusion Theory will be used as the base theory for the study. The results of the research will have the potential to assist the Jamaican government in imple...

Small Scale Industry (SSI) is being the heart of Indian economy and employment. The developing country like India, its contribution is highly inevitable. It provides a platform for innovative, effective and efficient entrepreneurial spirit. In India, it is extremely heterogeneous in the mode of the nature of the industry, size of the enterprises and several of product and service and also the technologies which undertaking wherein. It reduces regional imbalances and also assuring equitable distribution of national income and wealth through industrialization of rural and backward areas. According to Economic Times in June 2013, small scale industry occupies close to 40 percent of India's workforce. After the implementation of New Industrial Policy (NIP) in 1991, small scale industries obtained various changes, challenges and issues which influenced the industry positively and negatively as well. This study attempted to highlight the significant and contribution of SSI in entrepreneurship development and generating the employment opportunities in India before and after the globalization that is from the period of 42 years from 1974-1975 to 2005-2006. In the year of 2006 on October 2, Indian government enacted MSMED Act, 2006 which was another reform of this industry. Hence the study considered the first reform period upto 2005-2006 only. It is concluded that the post reform period recorded high volume of entrepreneurship and employment based on paired sample t-test.

MSME Marketing Strategy In The Framework of Public Welfare Improvement in Southeast Sulawesi Province. This research aims to identify and analyze (1) marketing aspect seen from internal and external environment faced by MSME in Southeast Sulawesi Province, (2) problems faced by MSME making it to be not developed and (3) formulation of appropriate marketing strategy for MSME development. It takes 100 MSMEs as the samples distributed in each regency / city namely : Kendari City, Konawe regency, Kolaka regency, Bombana regency and Bau-Bau city. To identify and evaluate the internal and external factors, it uses Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) and External Factor Evaluation (EFE) matrixes which then analyzed with SWOT analysis. The QSP matrix analysis is used to determined the strategy priority of the SWOT analysis results. It obtains mean of IFE by 2.1978 and EFE by 3,0493 so that it places the MSME in Southeast Sulawesi in the II cel. This position describes that MSMEs in Southeast S...

The aftermath of globalization has seen a radical change in technology vis a' vis intense global business competitions over the years. Ever changing customer's expectations, fluctuating demand and competition in the market has posed challenges of competitiveness and survival to all the constituents of the economy, especially for a developing country like India, where many organizations are struggling to conform to the world class standards. The philosophy of lean management has evolved over the years and is based on a set of fundamental tools and techniques that is recognized as one of the best methods of removing this waste, reducing costs and transforming business performance. In the past, due to financial restraints, this has been seen as a tool purely for large organizations. While larger entities have the budget and resources to work on removing this process 'waste',MSMEs often don't have access to the same resources feeling the pinch and impact of every cost. However, using new tools and methodologies, MSMEs can now leverage lean improvement in a manner specifically tailored for their needs and within a realistic cost bracket. In this article, the author has intended to showcase the relevance and applicability of Lean Manufacturing concepts to the MSMEs for achieving competitiveness and sustainable business growth.

Insurance is the means of managing risk and protection against financial loss arising as a result of contingencies, which may or may not occur. India represents a huge untapped insurance market, liberalization, globalization, and free competition will help a long way in increasing insurance penetration in the grass root level of the country. Globalization has made a profound impact on the Indian insurance industry and has resulted in an overall increase in the awareness of the insuring public about the wide range and choice of insurance products and their prices offered by the competing insurers in the market. Insurance risk refers to fluctuations in the timing, frequency and severity of insured events, relative to the expectations of the firm at the time of underwriting. Insurance risk management creates stability, contributes to growth and assures profitability of the organization. Authors aims at the survey of literature on Micro, Small and Medium scale enterprises(MSME) insuranc...

The Gross Domestic Product of a country indicates the prosperity and wealth of a
country. In the recent past India has become one of the fastest growing countries and
completing with the most advanced and developed countries in several areas. The
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises are small enterprises carry out the manufacture
and allied activities will also contribute significantly to GDP, including one-third of
India’s manufacturing output. In India, 12 crores were employed through MSMEs and
contribute to 45% of overall exports Most the developed countries contribution to
GDP is more than 50%, and Centre for Economics and Business Research, 2018
reported that Indian would overtake both France and UK GDP by 2032. To achieve
the countries ambition of 5 Trillion economy, there is an urgent need to strengthen the
MSME in India. Therefore, the presented research study maks an critical analysis on
the assistance of Public Sector banks to MSMEs and its effect on their performance.
The research concludes that efficient management and enhancement of MSMEs will
boost the employment and enhance the country’s GDP.

Organizational sustainability in manufacturing industry is an essential milestone towards the creation of greener environment. In last two decades, firms have taken serious sustainable initiatives to combat the apprehension of environmental and societal hazards due to increased industrialization. Small firms exhibit a non-congenial and skeptical approach towards climate change challenges. This study is an attempt to understand the motivation of Micro, Small and Medium enterprises (MSMEs) toward organizational sustainability in such a competitive environment. A conceptual framework is developed to test the link among entrepreneurial commitment, organizational sustainability and business performance. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and other standard statistical analysis have been used to analyze the data collected through questionnaire survey from 262 manufacturing MSMEs in India. The study findings highlight that organizational sustainability emerged as a driving source of motivation to improve the business performance among manufacturing MSMEs in India. In addition, there is significant mediation effect of organizational sustainability on entrepreneurial commitment and business performance. It has also proves the vitality of organizational sustainability as a strategic action towards green and clean environment.

This is a project about the economic impact of social media on business entities. It is in line with the initiative of the government for digitalization for business purposes. The primary aspects of social media that are being considered for these projects are WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram. The usage of social media for the various purposes done by the business entities has been considered. Data collection has been done through a survey. In today's world of globalization and digitalization where our business stands I have tried to find out. This has a direct impact with the volume of business done by the entity. So it has been named as the economic impact of social media.

The MSMEs contributes extensively to the country's manufacturing output, employment and exports and is accredited with generating the highest employment growth as well as accounting for a major share of industrial production and exports. The labor intensity of the MSME sector is much higher than that of large enterprises. MSMEs comprise more than 80% of total enterprises in most of the economies. So, the main purpose of the research was to study the current status of Govt. aided MSME's who are already in this business and have completed their 5years. Secondly, the research was targeted on the Govt. aid towards the development of sustainable MSME's business to provide some recommendations & suggestions for their improvement and other supporting Govt. agencies as well. By the study, I wanted to conclude that although Govt. is providing facilities and subsidiary to the people who want to run the business, but in actual, are these businesses in good working condition and how much these are contributing to generate the employability. At the same time, how much effort and initiatives are being taken by the Government for the upliftment of the MSMEs.

This study has been undertaken to investigate the external factors which affects the performance of MSME's in consumer food Industry.The study is exploratory in nature where it digs the ground realities and challenges faced by Food entrepreneurs. Through SWOT analysis challenges faced by Small food Businesses have been identified Through survey of 53 successful consumer Food MSME's in Jalgaon District, belonging to Maharashtra State,in India researcher has contributed to existing SWOT analysis model of Porter's five forces by customizing a model fit for MSME's in consumer food Industry. The model can be used as a checklist by Food SME's to understand the intensity of external challenges with respect to Government Policies and Regulations, Ease of Entry for New Sellers, Unhealthy competition with unorganized local Players, Competition with Multinationals, and Seasonal factors.

Circular Economy (CE) is considered as a significant sustainable initiative for waste minimization in manufacturing firms, but very little research is available on circular economy readiness in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This study aims to develop an extended Theory of Planned Behavior model (ETPB) to explore small firm's readiness towards circular economy. Environmental commitment and green economic incentives were considered as additional components of the ETPB model. The empirical results of the ETPB model are based on structural equation modeling (SEM), indicate that environmental commitment and green economic incentives with standard components better explains the CE readiness in comparison to the original TPB model. The extended TPB-1 model established the interrelationship between attitude, social norm, perceived behavioral control, additional components and improves the explanatory power of ETPB model. The findings show the impact of attitude, social pressure, environmental commitment and green economic incentives on CE readiness is positive and significant whereas the impact of perceived behavioral control is non-significant. Social pressure and green economic incentives found significantly influencing other predictive components. The research findings will provide a strong platform to understand the relevance of CE readiness in MSMEs and designing strategic plans to encourage circular economy implementation in manufacturing small firms.

This study aims to design an MSME-based Creative Economy management in developing Tuna Fish into a production that can be used as a food ingredient that is much in demand by the community, namely Shredded Tuna. UMKM, under the PKK Mobilization Team of Batudaa Pantai District, is one of the superior MSMEs in Gorontalo Regency. The method used by researchers in this study is the method of observation and interview of the object of research. The results of the study showed that the empowerment of SMEs in the Tengkek Shredded Fish based on the creative economy through the application of GMP, packaging improvements, and increased business legality proved to be able to increase sales. In the MSME management process there are various ways to carry out the stages to manage the production of Tuna Shredded Fish.

Global business practices have shifted from traditional business models to a much more dynamic digital business behavior models. This paradigm shift is masterminded by the present information-knowledge-based economic regime vide information and communication technology (ICT). In this economy, competition is based primarily on information – a strategic resource for competition toward competitive advantage and operational excellence. Small and Medium Entrepreneurship (SME) is under diverse challenges for survival posed by environmental dynamics of the new regime. The best to survive are those entrepreneurs that have lived abreast and adept with these dynamic digital models and have designed their competitive strategies to live atop these challenges, in all quality and dependability. The developed economies of the west are thriving in ICT and are getting the gains, and sustained economic growth in small-scale entrepreneurship businesses. What about the developing economies of the south and Nigeria in particular? In an attempt to answer this question, this paper evaluates the effect of particularly knowledge-based strategies for the survival of small and medium entrepreneurship businesses in Nigeria. Secondary data shall be generated for this study for comparative deductions and generalizations. It is finally recommended that entrepreneurship small and medium businesses, as niche firms should create links in the value webs to keystone firms in the global business ecosystem for competitive collaboration. Thus, small and medium entrepreneurship shall on this premise survive, be competitively profitable, thereby, sparking sustained economic growth and development.

Poverty reduction in Africa has occupied top policy decisions in the last three decades. So much theory has been advanced about how poverty reduction in Africa could be achieved. Various poverty reduction programs have been designed and implemented at different African States contingent with their respective state policies without much positive results in effect. Entrepreneurship, which is a vehicle for poverty reduction have been well embraced by Africa over the past three decades but without encouraging results. Whilst the contribution to GDP of SMEs in the OECD states is averaged at 50%, that of Africa is less than 8% showing capacity divide between the two continental economies. In so much as SME entrepreneurship remain the most efficient, effective and prudent vehicle for poverty eradication, the nature and contribution of same in Africa tells volumes of the very high poverty and unemployment in the continent. Thus, it is only common wisdom and knowledge to benchmark success, which this paper intends to discuss, and advice policy maker-practitioners, scholar-practitioners and business practitioners both real and potential, the advantages that underlie appropriating the OECD Entrepreneurship Model as a capacity building framework for poverty reduction in Africa. As Africa charts a course out of global financial crisis of the present, successful and gainful SMEs, properly modelled and appropriated, shall be a viable capacity building vehicle for the journey. The paper shall be in five sections. The first section is the problem introduction and the second section follows with a brief theoretical review. Section three discusses the methodology of the study and the adopted OECD entrepreneurship model. Sections four and five discuss findings and way forward for Africa respectively. Finally, it is advised that the OECD model of entrepreneurship be better appropriated by Africa‘s SMEs for capacity building and poverty reduction shall result in the long run.

In the process of Industrialization a non industrial economy becomes an industrialized one and a means of strengthening the nation by raising the productivity, employment, income and living standard. In spite of several measures through all our five year plans for industrialization and regional balances, the uneven growth of industries is prevalent across the country. Since the formation of state of Uttrakhand in 2000, the state and central government has come up with various industrial packages to promote the industrialization in the state. As the policy developments in terms of industrial packages and subsidies seem like not keeping pace with the real need of the state development, it is worthwhile to understand the causes of its failure and to come up with effective measures to obtain maximum from it. The present study is an attempt to highlight the impact of industrial package on industrialization of Uttrakhand from the perspective of existing industrial units. This also focuses on the perceptions of different entrepreneurs and management in accordance to different industrial packages they are exposed to in the state. It is found in the study that majority of the personnel of different professional categories working in different organizational categories are in the opinion that industrial package has attracted the greater investment in the state and promoted large number of entrepreneurship. The study also indicates that there is significant difference in the mean of different factor across the different professionals, except in the case of factor like “Economic Mobilization and Development Issues” and “Climatic Condition And Inter State Competitiveness”. The study may be helpful to understand different motives of their establishment and their long run approach even if the benefits are expired. Also this may help us understand the relationship between their operational motive and contribution towards state development.

The scope of the study is confined to understand the Export Management Practices towards Micro, small and medium enterprises in Tamil Nadu. Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise (MSME) sector has emerged as a very important sector of the Indian economy, contributing significantly to employment generation, innovation, exports and inclusive growth of the economy. MSMEs are the backbone of the socio-economic development of our country. In view of this the study has been made to understand about the Export Management Practices for the small and medium enterprises leaving out the Micro type firms as well as the researcher has further analyze the attitudinal factors towards Export Practices made by small and medium enterprises. Perhaps, the Scope of the research paper encompasses a much wider spectrum but the paper is an attempt for the Export Management practices for the selected small and medium sized industries in Tamil Nadu.

The purpose of this research is to investigate early-stage ease/difficulties faced by Start-Ups /MSME in India. The research is based in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, five major banks located in the city were approached. The amount of support offered by banks to open a business bank account was investigated through interaction with representatives. It was found that banks offered several services at low charges and minimum requirements to ease the burden on new businesses. However, financial institutions do not offer early-stage funding, this made the new businesses struggle to gain initial working capital.

The purpose of this research is to investigate early-s.tage ease/difficulties faced by Start-Ups /MSME in India. The research is based in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, five major banks located in the city were approached. The amount of support offered by banks to open a business bank account was investigated through interaction with representatives. It was found that banks offered several services at low charges and minimum requirements to ease the burden on new businesses. However, financial institutions do not offer early-stage funding, this made the new businesses struggle to gain initial working capital.

The paper discusses the various socio economic factors that determine whether an individual will be able to start and operate an enterprise and also the probability of success.The paper deals with the demographic profile of the respondents that include ,place, location of an enterprise the experience and training received by the respondents.. Further, paper discusses various reasons to start the enterprises.