Healthcare 4.0 standards propose a personalized and precise medicine for effective therapy based on patient’s genetic, environmental, and lifestyle parameters. Healthcare 4.0 standards promote a patient-centric healthcare service delivery... more
Healthcare 4.0 standards propose a personalized and precise medicine for effective therapy based on patient’s genetic, environmental, and lifestyle parameters. Healthcare 4.0 standards promote a patient-centric healthcare service delivery at his doorstep. This system enables patient’s healthcare data sharing online among the doctors, hospitals, and other healthcare service providers to leverage the efficiency in healthcare services management. The foolproof authentication mechanism forms a gateway to any security system to ensure integrity, confidentiality, and authorization to prevent any intrusions into the healthcare systems. Today biometric security mechanisms are gaining significance in the Internet of Things (IoT) network security domain. Biometric technology analyzes an individual end-user’s physiological, behavioral, or morphological traits such as the face, fingerprint, iris, retina, voice, and handwritten signatures for authentication purposes. Authors have reviewed the relevant literature on biometric authentication systems and carried out a comparative study of the various biometric techniques, results, and applications. The national and international status of healthcare data protection acts and tools used for biometric authentication was discussed. This chapter deals with a complete design process of multi-mode biometric-based security layer to provide secure authentication to access healthcare data at the edge devices deployed in hospitals and patient’s smart homes. Authors have discussed the prototype design for authentication of end-users of healthcare data and carried out a face recognition experiment for authentication.
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The agriculture sector in India has witnessed significant improvements in the adoption of modern technologies and mechanization to enhance crop yield levels in recent decades. The farmers require timely marketing of their produce to... more
The agriculture sector in India has witnessed significant improvements in the adoption of modern technologies and mechanization to enhance crop yield levels in recent decades. The farmers require timely marketing of their produce to improve their liquidity for meeting their expenses. The lack of digitization and dominance of middlemen, poor market support, lack of knowledge, and inability to store their produce for better prices are core issues to be addressed for the economic prosperity of farmers. Today only 27% consumer price value reaches farmers, thus making agriculture a non-viable activity; hence, farmers are becoming poor, bankrupt, and committing suicide. The real fact is that Indian farmers are poor, but agribusiness is very prosperous. Implementing modern agricultural practices, legal farmer produce organizations (FPO), digital kissan hub (DKH) would promote agriculture and agribusiness. This chapter reviewed the digitization in agribusiness and designed a prototype of a ...
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India has the second largest area of arable (agricultural) land on this earth with heterogeneous agroclimatic regions across the country. India has the potential to grow a wide range of agricultural crops and varied raw material base for... more
India has the second largest area of arable (agricultural) land on this earth with heterogeneous agroclimatic regions across the country. India has the potential to grow a wide range of agricultural crops and varied raw material base for food processing industry. The paddy crop yield/hector of land is highest in Egypt is 9.5, while India is producing only 2.9. India's lower paddy crop productivity/hector and higher cost of production is a major concern for farmers. There are various reasons for India's low paddy crop yield, such as lack of mechanization, not adopting to modern method of farming, small land holdings, poor pests, and disease management. The recent survey discovered that there is huge gap in demand and supply in crop production and is likely to hit more than 15% by 2020, with the gap worsening to 20-25% by 2025. Researchers aimed to address this low crop yield issue by designing an expert system. This expert system helps the farmers by identifying and predictin...
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Nowadays smart phones and smart devices are now become a part of our everyday life. Smart phones are now become a powerful to provide the real time different services to user based on cloud computing. From past few years use of smart... more
Nowadays smart phones and smart devices are now become a part of our everyday life. Smart phones are now become a powerful to provide the real time different services to user based on cloud computing. From past few years use of smart phone are drastically increased to use, real time services over the cloud such as health, business, banking, online games, social networking, news etc.. To use these services require more power to process the data as well as long running battery life and storage capacity. To use real data for analysis or process, available resources on smart phones are limited. Mobile cloud computing is used to offload the data over the cloud for processing which overcome the limitations of resources. Smart phones are directly connected to the cloud using the Wi-Fi to process the data having the limitations of battery life, network bandwidth as well as network latencies. To overcome these drawbacks new three tier architecture is introduced based on cloudlets to process the data. To prevent the unauthorized access and securing the wireless communication as well as protect device and the user private data over the cloud and cloudlet it need to develop the protocol.Aim of this article is to review the different techniques, models and implementation related to data protections techniques proposed by different researchers to secure smart phone as well as data over the cloudlet and Edge Computing.
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Expert anesthesiologist inserts a tube into the respiratory passage of the patient who is undergoing surgery in Intensive Care Unit or Operation Theater. The patient is unable to breath on their own during the surgery. This process helps... more
Expert anesthesiologist inserts a tube into the respiratory passage of the patient who is undergoing surgery in Intensive Care Unit or Operation Theater. The patient is unable to breath on their own during the surgery. This process helps in providing artificial assistance in breathing and prevents suffocation. Any interruption in oxygen supply or difficulties in intubation may result in acute internal body damages or may lead to death of the patient. Authors have carried out a literature review and field study to identify list of risk parameters leading to difficulty in intubation. Only 1 to 5 percentage of patients who are undergoing intubation suffer from difficult intubation. There is an acute shortage of expert anesthesiologist in hospital and employing an expert anesthesiologist will be very expensive. In US anesthesiologist have to perform at least 150 successful intubations in first pass to consider him as an expert. The author's main aim for designing an expert system using machine learning algorithms was to predict the difficulties in securing airway and also create an allocation system which allocates an expert anesthesiologist for difficult cases based on the results produced by the system. This paper discusses the procedure to carry out Intubation to emulate the high cognitive process of an expert anesthesiologist. The outcomes of the prediction process divides intubation into easy, difficult and impossible. The authors have designed framework of data sets, risk parameters, rules and algorithms. The expert system gives the prediction results of difficulty in intubation which will be validated by expert anesthesiologist.
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Today’s emerging trends in the applications of wearable healthcare devices integrated with clouds and cloudlets technologies which strengthen the delivery of cost effective and high quality healthcare services. The Internet of Things... more
Today’s emerging trends in the applications of wearable healthcare devices integrated with clouds and cloudlets technologies which strengthen the delivery of cost effective and high quality healthcare services. The Internet of Things (IoT), wearable devices, medical devices and healthcare systems provides the facilities to health care centers and doctors to monitor patient’s health at their homes using patient’s health data which is stored on cloud. Public area network is used to send data to cloud from healthcare devices, which is not secure. Opponent could read and change the data in the network during transmission. However, due to the heterogeneity, different characteristics and small size of smart wearable devices, specific method for the data protection with wearable device has not been yet established. Therefore to protect the privacy of patient’s data it needed access control mechanism based on encryption and cryptography. In this article, we review the different models, schemes as well as implementation related to data encryption and cryptography algorithms proposed by different researchers to secure smart wearable medical health care devices. To prevent the unauthorized access and securing the wireless communication as well as protect device integrity and data confidentiality Cryptography is the best approach.
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Internet of things (IoT) is a worldwide network of the autonomous real-world and digital internet enabled things connecting and communicating with each other seamlessly. The main objective of IoT concept is to transform traditional... more
Internet of things (IoT) is a worldwide network of the autonomous real-world and digital internet enabled things connecting and communicating with each other seamlessly. The main objective of IoT concept is to transform traditional devices to intelligent and autonomous units, which can be managed from anywhere and anytime over the Internet. IoT technologies are predicted to improve the standards of life, and at the same, there are many issues to be researched intensively. IoT enables the people and machines to discover and interact with many devices like sensors, actuators, service triggers and other things connected to the web. The recent technological innovations in the internet, cloud, big data and smartphones leveraged the design of smart factories, smart homes and smart cities. IoT market research predicted that rapid developments in IoT applications will dramatically increase the number of sensors and actuators deployed worldwide. This chapter reviewed the literature from papers from high impact journals on IoT enabling technologies, solutions and their deployments in smart environments.
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The improvement of health and nutritional status of the society has been one of the thrust areas for social developments programmes of the country. The present states of healthcare facilities in India are inadequate when compared to... more
The improvement of health and nutritional status of the society has been one of the thrust areas for social developments programmes of the country. The present states of healthcare facilities in India are inadequate when compared to international standards. The average Indian spending on healthcare is much below the global average spending. Indian healthcare Industry is growing at the rapid pace of more than 18%, the fastest in the world. The prospects for Indian healthcare are to the tune of USD 40 billion, while global market is USD 1660 trillion. India has all the prospects to become medical tourism destination of the world, because it has a large pool of low-cost scientifically trained technical personal and is one of the favoured counties for cost effective healthcare. As per the reports of Global Burden of Neurological Disorders Estimations and Projections survey there is big shortage of neurologist in India and around the world. So Authors would like to develop an innovative ...
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The abstraction of smart city is getting more and more admissible for both academics and policy makers. Notwithstanding this, there is still confusion about what a smart city is, as a few comparative terms are frequently utilized... more
The abstraction of smart city is getting more and more admissible for both academics and policy makers. Notwithstanding this, there is still confusion about what a smart city is, as a few comparative terms are frequently utilized interchangeably. This paper aims at clarifying the significance of the word “smart” with regard to the cities through an approach based on an in-depth literature review of international institutions. It also recognizes the main dimensions and elements characterizing a smart city. The diverse measurements of urban smartness are reviewed to demonstrate the requirement for a mutual meaning of what constitutes a smart city, which is its highlights, and how it performs in contrast with conventional urban areas. Furthermore, initiatives and performance measures in a few smart cities are identified. The motivation behind this article is to summarize the present condition of understanding the smart city concept and to present a proposed communication platform for t...
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Maintenance of the patient respiratory passage (airway) open and unobstructed breathing is a foremost duty of an anesthesiologist or other physicians who are involved in patient care under emergency situations. One of the main reasons for... more
Maintenance of the patient respiratory passage (airway) open and unobstructed breathing is a foremost duty of an anesthesiologist or other physicians who are involved in patient care under emergency situations. One of the main reasons for respiratory related problems is unanticipated difficult airway (unexpected difficulty in maintaining the face mask or passing an endotracheal to maintaining the continuous opening of the airway). If the doctor under duty fails to keep the airway open, it may lead to death or permanent bodily harm of patient, because of inadequate oxygenation. There is no readily available software solutions at present for predicting the exact probability of difficulty in mask ventilation and/or endotracheal intubation. Hence there is an urgent need to develop an expert system solution to support the anesthesiologists in predicting the risk and think about the remedial approaches to prevent the future consequences. The hard dealing with the advancement of a uniform ...
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Energy is one of the important constraints in the wireless sensor networks. Now a days the booming technology is Internet of things (IoT). According to IoT experts’ group all the things can communicate to themselves with or without human... more
Energy is one of the important constraints in the wireless sensor networks. Now a days the booming technology is Internet of things (IoT). According to IoT experts’ group all the things can communicate to themselves with or without human intervention. IoT means communication of everything. Hence energy plays a very important role. The communication and routing protocols has to be energy efficient. Hence the paper briefs about the energy aware MAC protocol and their working towards consumption of energy. The IoT is emerging technology which requires powerful protocols for reducing energy consumption. This paper describes the taxonomy of the Routing protocols and explains the different routing protocols according to the classification. It briefly gives the working of protocols and draws the advantages and drawback MAC and Routing protocols.
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Deep learning (DL) techniques have recently emerged as the most significant techniques for processing big multimedia data. DL networks autonomously extract advanced and inherent features from the big data sets using systematic learning... more
Deep learning (DL) techniques have recently emerged as the most significant techniques for processing big multimedia data. DL networks autonomously extract advanced and inherent features from the big data sets using systematic learning methods. The real-world problem-solving using DL techniques demands large parallel computing infrastructure facilities for achieving high efficiency. Recent developments in deep learning techniques have demonstrated that it could outperform humans in some tasks such as classifying and tracking multimedia data. The deep learning networks can have about 150 hidden layers. The increase in the output performance of deep learning networks is directly proportional to input sample data size. This paper reviewed the literature on applications on deep learning from diverse application domains. Authors have also carried out a comparative study of various DL methods used and highlighted their results.
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The maintenance of uninterrupted patient respiratory passage (airway) and unhindered breathing is the primary duty of an anesthesiologist or other physicians involved in patient care under emergency trauma or surgical procedures in ICU... more
The maintenance of uninterrupted patient respiratory passage (airway) and unhindered breathing is the primary duty of an anesthesiologist or other physicians involved in patient care under emergency trauma or surgical procedures in ICU (Intensive Care Unit) and Operation Theatre (OT). Anesthesiologist should ensure the full control over the patient airway management either bypassing an endotracheal tube or any other similar devices. The unanticipated difficulties in airway management are the most important contributors to airway related mishaps, if these are not managed effectively may lead to death or permanent bodily harm to the patient due to inadequate oxygenation. The recent survey reports revealed that 53% of anaesthetic deaths are either airway or respiratory related. Incidence of difficult airway among patients has been predicted to be in the range of 1.1 to 3.8%. This paper aims at identifying all the critical risk parameters contributing to difficult airway and subsequently developing a framework to automate the prediction of difficult airways well in advance. Authors have designed an expert system prototype for predicting the difficulties in airway management and suggesting appropriate remedies using machine learning algorithms.
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India has 1.4 million square-kilometers of land under cultivation and only about 39 percent is irrigated and other 61 percent is fully dependent on rain and if rain fails or gets delayed, crops fail driving debt ridden farmers to suicide.... more
India has 1.4 million square-kilometers of land under cultivation and only about 39 percent is irrigated and other 61 percent is fully dependent on rain and if rain fails or gets delayed, crops fail driving debt ridden farmers to suicide. Agricultural output of India is the second largest in the world and India is second largest producer of cotton and one of the largest exporters of cotton in the world. An average farmer family owns 5 acres of agricultural land. Applications of state of art technologies may increase the productivity/ hectors. Expert system is a computer based programs. Expert systems have been successfully used in various scientific and business applications. Expert system is also available in agricultural operations to assists the farmers to identify the suitable crops for their farmland. Expert system helps to carry out crop management incredibly effective, efficient way and offers a lot of accurate results to the farmer production systems now-a-days. Authors have carried out a review on applications of expert system for or Disease Diagnoses of Crops around the world to make assessment of the ground realities on utilization of expert system by the farmers and benefits they realized. Authors are conducting a research on the design of Expert Systems for diagnosis of diseases for Paddy crop.
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The Internet of things (IOT) is remodeling the agriculture enabling the farmers with the wide range of techniques such as precision and sustainable agriculture to face challenges in the field. IOT technology helps in collecting... more
The Internet of things (IOT) is remodeling the agriculture enabling the farmers with the wide range of techniques such as precision and sustainable agriculture to face challenges in the field. IOT technology helps in collecting information about conditions like weather, moisture, temperature and fertility of soil, Crop online monitoring enables detection of weed, level of water, pest detection, animal intrusion in to the field, crop growth, agriculture. IOT leverages farmers to get connected to his farm from anywhere and anytime. Wireless sensor networks are used for monitoring the farm conditions and micro controllers are used to control and automate the farm processes. To view remotely the conditions in the form of image and video, wireless cameras have been used. A smart phone empowers farmer to keep updated with the ongoing conditions of his agricultural land using IOT at any time and any part of the world. IOT technology can reduce the cost and enhance the productivity of traditional farming.
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Over the past few years, the credit risk evaluation of micro‐, small‐ and medium‐scale enterprises by banks and financial institutions has been an active area of research under the joint pressure of regulators and shareholders. The credit... more
Over the past few years, the credit risk evaluation of micro‐, small‐ and medium‐scale enterprises by banks and financial institutions has been an active area of research under the joint pressure of regulators and shareholders. The credit rating assessment forms an important part of credit risk assessment, involving risk parameters such as financial, business, industry and management areas. The mathematical models of evaluation are at the core of modern credit risk management systems. This paper focuses on the use of fuzzy logic and neural network techniques to design a methodology for evaluating the credit worthiness of the entrepreneur. The neuro‐fuzzy logic approach takes into account the minute details of credit rating expert's thought process to arrive at the final decision. A flexible credit rating framework (CRF) has been designed to organize all the facts of the client in a hierarchical fashion. The neural networks provide self‐learning capability to the CRF. The CRF can be customized to suit different business and industrial interests.
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Insurance is the means of managing risk and protection against financial loss arising as a result of contingencies, which may or may not occur. India represents a huge untapped insurance market, liberalization, globalization, and free... more
Insurance is the means of managing risk and protection against financial loss arising as a result of contingencies, which may or may not occur. India represents a huge untapped insurance market, liberalization, globalization, and free competition will help a long way in increasing insurance penetration in the grass root level of the country. Globalization has made a profound impact on the Indian insurance industry and has resulted in an overall increase in the awareness of the insuring public about the wide range and choice of insurance products and their prices offered by the competing insurers in the market. Insurance risk refers to fluctuations in the timing, frequency and severity of insured events, relative to the expectations of the firm at the time of underwriting. Insurance risk management creates stability, contributes to growth and assures profitability of the organization. Authors aims at the survey of literature on Micro, Small and Medium scale enterprises(MSME) insuranc...
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Abstract- The Micro, Small and Medium scale Enterprises (MSME) segment is one of the fastest growing industrial segment all over the world. The researchers estimate that about 60% of the MSME credit is provided by commercial banks alone.... more
Abstract- The Micro, Small and Medium scale Enterprises (MSME) segment is one of the fastest growing industrial segment all over the world. The researchers estimate that about 60% of the MSME credit is provided by commercial banks alone. Over the past decade, the credit risk evaluation of MSME by banks and financial institutions has been an active area of research under the joint pressure of regula- tors and shareholders. The mathematical models of risk evaluation are at the core of modern credit risk management systems. This paper focuses on the design of expert system model for credit risk evaluation by mining the knowledge bank of Credit Rating Experts. This expert system is named as Credit Risk Evaluation Expert System (CREES). This Expert System performance resembles human expert credit risk executives thought process in decision making. CREES uses soft computing technique called Evolutionary Neuro Fuzzy logic. Authors have designed a Credit Rating Framework (CRF) comprising a ...
Improvement of health and nutritional status of the society has been one of the thrust areas for social developments programmes of the country. The present state of healthcare facilities in India are inadequate when compared to... more
Improvement of health and nutritional status of the society has been one of the thrust areas for social developments programmes of the country. The present state of healthcare facilities in India are inadequate when compared to international standards. The average Indian spending on healthcare is much below the global average spending. Indian healthcare Industry is growing at the rapid pace of more than 18%, the fastest in the world. The prospects for Indian healthcare are to the tune of USD 40 billion, while global market is USD 1660 trillion. India has all the prospects to become medical tourism destination of the world, because it has a large pool of lowcost scientifically trained technical personal and is one of the favored counties for cost effective healthcare. The banks and financial institutions have a big role to play in promoting India as a preferred medical tourism destination by extending credit to investors in healthcare industry. Over the past few years, the credit ris...