Financial inclusion has become a policy priority to “inclusive growth ” in India. Financial inclusion of the poor can ultimately result in reduction of poverty instigating inclusive growth. Financial inclusion refers to a situation where... more
Financial inclusion has become a policy priority to “inclusive growth ” in India. Financial inclusion of the poor can ultimately result in reduction of poverty instigating inclusive growth. Financial inclusion refers to a situation where people in general have basic formal banking/financial practices. Conversely people in general having no such basic habits are financial excluded. The north eastern region of India is having the highest number of population outside the ambit of formal banking system with more than 70 percent of the districts of Assam with an exclusion rate of 96.1-98.5 percent. The SHG-bank linkage programme has emerged in as an effective instrument for basic financial services to common section of the society. The programme has helped in providing banking services to the uncovered rural poor. This paper examines the impact Self-Help Groups (SHGs) on financial inclusion of rural people in the district of Baksa, Assam. A total of 180 respondents [(90 participants) and...
The Self help groups (SHG)-Bank linkage programme has emerged as the largest micro credit programme in the world. At the grassroots level, the program is being implemented by the commercial banks, cooperatives, and regional rural banks.... more
The Self help groups (SHG)-Bank linkage programme has emerged as the largest micro credit programme in the world. At the grassroots level, the program is being implemented by the commercial banks, cooperatives, and regional rural banks. The SHG-Bank linkage program was conceived with the objectives of developing supplementary credit delivery services for the unreached poor, building mutual trust and confidence between the bankers and the poor and encouraging banking activity both on thrift as well as credit and sustaining a simple and formal mechanism of banking with the poor. SHG-Banking linkage (SBL) programme for credit has been able to reduce transaction costs. It has enabled the banks to achieve better loan recovery and mobilize low cost deposits. The SHG-Bank linkage programme in which SHGs are linked to banks
TAB TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page No. CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION AND THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 1-39 1.1 STATUS OF WOMEN IN INDIA IN GENERAL 1.2 STATUS OF TRIBAL WOMEN 1.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS 1.4 MAIN FACTORS IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC... more
TAB TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page No.
CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION AND THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 1-39
1.1 STATUS OF WOMEN IN INDIA IN GENERAL 1.2 STATUS OF TRIBAL WOMEN 1.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS 1.4 MAIN FACTORS IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS 1.4.1 Income 1.4.2 Education 1.4.3 Occupation 1.5 THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THE STUDY 1.6 LITRATURE REVIEW 1.6.1 Status Of Women In General 1.6.2 Family Status 1.6.3 Decision Making Capacity 1.6.4 Health Status 1.6.5 Socio-economic status 1.7 REFERENCES
CHAPTER-2 OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY 40-56
2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 2.2.1 Social Objectives 2.2.2 Economic Objectives 2.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 2.4 METHODOLOGY 2.5 STRUCTURE OF SURAT 2.6 PROCESSING OF DATA 2.7 MAHATMA GANDHI AND HIS IDEOLOGY 2.7.1 Ideal Village 2.7.2 Swadeshi 2.7.3 Self-Sufficiency 2.7.4 Village Industries 2.7.5 Women REFERENCES CHAPTER-3 CONCEPT OF EXCLUSION AND TRIBES IN GUJARAT 57-115
3.1 CONCEPT OF EXCLUSION 3.1.1 Exclusion : A Conceptual Framework 3.1.2 Inequality , Poverty, Social Exclusion In India 3.2 SOCIAL INCLUSION 3.3 DEFINITIONS OF TRIBE 3.4 CONDITION OF TRIBALS IN INDIA 3.4.1 Working Status 3.4.2 Demographic Aspects 3.5 TRIBES IN GUJARAT AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION IN GENERAL
3.5.1 Tribes in Gujarat 3.5.2 Population, Size and Distribution of Scheduled Tribes 3.5.3 Sex ratio 3.5.4 Work Participation Rate (WPR) 3.5.5 Category of Workers 3.6 SURAT DISTRICT 3.6.1 Location and Area 3.6.2 History 3.6.3 Population (General, Scheduled Caste / Scheduled Tribe) 3.6.4 Geography and Physical Features 3.6.5 Rivers, Canals and Waterways 3.6.6 Towns and Villages 3.6.7 Amenities 3.6.8 Agriculture and Irrigation 3.6.9 Animal Husbandry 3.7 VALOD TALUKA 3.7.1 Geographical, Social and Economic Condition of Valod Taluka 3.7.2 Villages of Valod 3.7.3 Population of Valod REFERENCES
CHAPTER-4 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHANGES IN TRIBAL WOMEN IN VALOD — ROLE OF THE INSTITUTIONS 116-161
4.1 INTRODUCTION 4.2 VEDCHHI PRADESH SEVA SAMITI (VPSS) – VALOD
4.2.1 Objectives of The Activities 4.2.2 Various Programs of VPSS 4.2.3 VPSS’S Women Section 4.2. 4 Objectives of the Women’s Section 4.2.5 Work Done By VPSS
4.7.1 BANK OF BARODA, VALOD 4.7.2 STATE BANK OF INDIA 4.7.3 DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT BANK 4.7.4 RURAL DEVELOPMENT BANK REFERENCES
CHAPTER-5 SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE OF TRIBAL WOMEN OF VALOD TALUKA 162-210
5.1 INTRODUCTION 5.2 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE (A) Age of Women (village-wise) (B) Marital Status (C) Village and Community Important Features and Occupational Structure of the Tribal Communities Culture and Kinship (D) Education (E) Educational Status of Women (Village-wise)
5.3 FAMILY STRUCTURE 5.4 ASSETS OF THE FAMILIES (A) Land (B) Trees (C) Live-stock (D) Houses 5.5 FACTORS RELATED TO ECONOMIC STATUS OF THE TRIBAL WOMEN (A) Agricultural Activities (B) Selling Fodder (C) Papad Udyog (D) Spinning (E) Dairy Production or Milk Co-operatives (F) Anganwadi Activities / Government Jobs / Others (G) Training 5.6 MONTHLY INCOME DISTRIBUTION OF THE TRIBAL WOMEN (A) Agricultural Activities (B) Selling Fodder (C) Papad Udyog (D) Spinning (E) Dairy Production or Milk Co-operatives (F) Anganwadi (G) Government Sector (H) Other Occupations 5.7 NUMBER OF YEARS ENGAGED IN OCCUPATION 5.8 SELF HELP GROUPS 5.9 DECISON MAKING 5.10 SOCIAL FACTORS (A) Basic Necessities (a) Food (b) Clothing (c) Houses (d) Water
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... contd. P.4
Title Page No.
(B) Infrastructural Facilities . (a) Energy (i) Electricity (ii) Non-conventional sources of energy (b) Transport (c) Communication (d) Banks (e) Social overheads (i) Health (ii) Family planning (iii) AIDS/HIV : (iv) Education : (f) Inter-Community Marriages 5.11 TRADITIONAL SKILL/WORK 5.12 ADMINISTRATIVE SET UP AND TOTAL VILLAGE PANCHAYAT REFERENCES
Micro Finance has gained a lot of significance and momentum in the last decade. It is a novel approach to “Banking with the poor”. Bank credit is extended successfully to the poor through Self Help Groups (SHGs), NGOs, Credit Unions etc.... more
Micro Finance has gained a lot of significance and momentum in the last decade. It is a novel approach to “Banking with the poor”. Bank credit is extended successfully to the poor through Self Help Groups (SHGs), NGOs, Credit Unions etc. India now occupies a significant place in global micro finance through promotion of the SHGs and SHG-Bank Linkage Programme (SBLP). This is essentially because of the potential training and capacity building programmes organized by NABARD. More than 30,000 branches of Commercial Banks, RRBs and Co-operative Banks in over 520 districts in 30 states and union territories are now implementing the SBLP. This article describes features of SHGs, models of SBLP and operational aspects of SBLP. This article also examines the role of training in growth and development of SHGs under SBLP.
Key Words: Microfinance, SHG-Bank Linkage Programme, Training and Sustainability of SHGS.
"In a country like India where 70 percent of its population lives in rural area and 60 percent depend on agriculture (according to the World Bank reports), micro-finance can play a vital role in providing financial services to the poor... more
"In a country like India where 70 percent of its population lives in rural area and 60 percent depend on agriculture (according to the World Bank reports), micro-finance can play a vital role in providing financial services to the poor and low income individuals. Microfinance is the form of a broad range of financial services such as deposits, loans, payment services, money transfers, insurance, savings, micro-credit etc. to the low and poor individual income. The importance of micro-finance in the developing economies like India cannot be undermined, microfinance refers to small savings, credit and insurance services extended to socially and economically disadvantaged segments of society. It is emerging as a powerful tool for poverty alleviation in India. There are two broad approaches that characterize the microfinance sector in India is Self Help Groups (SHGs)-Bank linkage programme and Microfinance Institution (MFIs).This paper tries to outline the prevailing condition of the Microfinance in India in the light of its emergence till now. Kajal J. Savaliya""Critical Analysis of Financial Crisis on Micro Finance in Reference with India"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-2 , February 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd61.pdf Article URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/61/critical-analysis-of-financial-crisis-on-micro-finance-in-reference-with-india/kajal-j-savaliya"
The effectiveness of microfinance is important for reducing the poverty index of the country. Today, we are facing a problem of unemployment along with the increase in population. Migration happens from rural to urban for the search of... more
The effectiveness of microfinance is important for reducing the poverty index of the country. Today, we are facing a problem of unemployment along with the increase in population. Migration happens from rural to urban for the search of employment. Around 60 to 75 million households in India live below the poverty line. There are various financial institutes along with the help of a financial corporation, cooperative sector, cooperative bank, NGOs, commercial and nationalizes bank is supporting credit service. Microfinance improves the financial need of rural Indian people. Microfinance helps to implement the development policies of the government with the help of state government, NGOs, NABARD and many other institutes. Microfinance improving the awareness about the saving pattern and accountability with the help of formation of Self Help Group (SHG).
Micro Finance supports largely (formal & informal) activities that often have low market require. It fulfill the basic requirements of financially weaken section such as; self-employment, borrowings, income,... more
Micro Finance supports largely (formal & informal) activities that often have low market require. It fulfill the basic requirements of financially weaken section such as; self-employment, borrowings, income, savings and standards of living etc. It is an effective instrument for lifting poor from poverty, increasing opportunities and making them credit worthy, enhance socio-economic and financial sustainability plus it discussed the MFI’s, that throw light on new institutions for providing insurance and credit and for generating savings be
developed. The paper in its later part describes case of Indian situation and NABARD experience. This idea emphasis one help to himself and helping hand to others, it exchange the loan mechanisms range between families, communities to
more planned institutions that enable an entire community to protect themselves. This paper aims to study the micro finance institutions growth and development in India based on secondary data with theoretical point of view and it found there is
a vast scope for the future generation people to develop their income source through MFI’s, plus it considered SHG members havinga considerable access in financial services resulting positive impact on the socio-economic conditions.
Further it suggests some policy measures for achieving MFI’s, it require better delivery systems to ensure access to future benefits by the intended beneficiaries. MFI’s should be managed with better scrutiny in terms of finance and technology with social responsibility. It recommends providingmore incentive package from government for motivate the NGOs in future & diversify into various back areas.
SHGs are set up with certain objectives and to achieve their objectives the SHGs need to follow a particular system. The objectives of SHGs are framed by National Institute of Rural Development, National Rural Livelihood Mission and... more
SHGs are set up with certain objectives and to achieve their objectives the SHGs need to follow a particular system. The objectives of SHGs are framed by National Institute of Rural Development, National Rural Livelihood Mission and different State Livelihood Missions and apart from these, many other agencies, are entrusted with the responsibility of development of rural India by providing essential help towards the women folk of our society. SHG is a distinctive programme for promotion and empowerment of rural folk mainly for upgrading the marginalized fraction. SHGs aims to include women as members with minimum or without any educational, entrepreneurial and industrial background to become self reliant through instilling self confidence so that they can develope their own decision making capacity and can solve problems on their own. In this particular study effort is being made to identify the support system developed by various agencies help the SHGs to achieve their target. Along with Financing pattern followed by agencies to the SHGs, infrastructural requirements of SHGs are also considered in this study.
Cadmium iodate [Cd (IO3)2] crystals were grown by single diffusion gel technique. Growth conditions were optimized. Optimum growth conditions are reported. The crystals were doped by impurities such as Cu+2 and Fe+3. Structure of crystals... more
Cadmium iodate [Cd (IO3)2] crystals were grown by single diffusion gel technique. Growth conditions were optimized. Optimum growth conditions are reported. The crystals were doped by impurities such as Cu+2 and Fe+3. Structure of crystals was confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction method. Effect of doping on structure is studied. Slight change in lattice parameter values is reported. Thermal studies of doped and undoped crystals are reported. Thermal analysis exhibits two steps explicitly on heating the samples. The first step involves decomposition reaction in the temperature range 500 - 5800C, giving products Cd5 (IO6)2, I2, and O2. In the second step, decomposition reaction in the temperature range 580 - 6200C, yields solid product, Cd5 (IO4)2 after reaction. Powder second harmonic generation experiments prove nonlinear nature of the substance. Nonlinear coefficient values,‘d’ of doped and undoped samples are reported. Cu +2 doped samples stop the generation of second harmonic signal. Fe+3 doped samples generate second harmonic signal, but the value of nonlinear coefficient is smaller than undoped sample.
Background: This paper was a part of ‘Multi-centric action research demonstration study’ with the aim to sensitize, mobilize and engage women regarding reproductive health through empowerment and engagement of the Self Help Groups (SHGs)... more
Background: This paper was a part of ‘Multi-centric action research demonstration study’ with the aim to sensitize, mobilize and engage women regarding reproductive health through empowerment and engagement of the Self Help Groups (SHGs) women. The paper focuses on the effect of intervention on menstrual hygiene and health of women in Kolar district of Karnataka. Methods: As an intervention, a total of fifteen workshops, targeting 75 SHGs in each, were conducted using pre-developed IEC material in intervention taluk. A total of 400 households (200 from each intervention and control sites) of SHG women were interviewed for baseline and endline each Results: The intervention was found effective in the form of a significant improvement in the level of awareness regarding use of Napkins/sanitary pads and its disposal. Apart from this, the level of awareness regarding menstrual discharge abnormalities was also significantly improved. However, the intervention was insignificant in molding area specific misconceptions and practices during menstruation such as access to worship, entry into kitchen, mingle with people etc. Conclusions: The results of the present study clearly indicate the feasibility, efficacy and significant impact of health education interventions in improving the level of knowledge, attitude and practices of women regarding menstrual hygiene and point out that cost-effective strategy through information, education, and behavior change are needed in this regard.
SHGs are set up with certain objectives and to achieve their objectives the SHGs need to follow a particular system. The objectives of SHGs are framed by National Institute of Rural Development, National Rural Livelihood Mission and... more
SHGs are set up with certain objectives and to achieve their objectives the SHGs need to follow a particular system. The objectives of SHGs are framed by National Institute of Rural Development, National Rural Livelihood Mission and different State Livelihood Missions and apart from these, many other agencies, are entrusted with the responsibility of development of rural India by providing essential help towards the women folk of our society. SHG is a distinctive programme for promotion and empowerment of rural folk mainly for upgrading the marginalized fraction. SHGs aims to include women as members with minimum or without any educational, entrepreneurial and industrial background to become self reliant through instilling self confidence so that they can develope their own decision making capacity and can solve problems on their own. In this particular study effort is being made to identify the support system developed by various agencies help the SHGs to achieve their target. Along with Financing pattern followed by agencies to the SHGs, infrastructural requirements of SHGs are also considered in this study.
The concept of Self-help group moves around to support resource poor farmers especially farm women indulging them in income generation activity. SHG is typically grouped with having common objectives, tasks, group identities and... more
The concept of Self-help group moves around to support resource poor farmers especially farm women indulging them in income generation activity. SHG is typically grouped with having common objectives, tasks, group identities and neighborhood. One of the common employment generation activity adopted by most of the SHGs are based on horticultural enterprises. To understand the social and economic characteristics of such SHGs, this study was taken up in the Sonepur district of Odisha. A sample of 120 SHG group members of the selected district were randomly selected for this study. Then collected data set has been analysis further to reveal level of selected socioeconomic characters and it can be concluded that majority of SHG members practicing horticulture enterprises were from middle aged category, belonged to O.B.C. (other backward class), attended high school level of education, belongs from farming community, married and joint type of family consist of 5-7 family members. Again, majority of them were only member of SHG as their social participation, only upto 1 acre of land holding, katcha type of housing facility, had regular contact with horticulture extension officer.
The involvement of women in the self-help group activities has a greater impact on the economic development of the country. This is proven in several countries and especially in India among the rural women. The study is taken up with a... more
The involvement of women in the self-help group activities has a greater impact on the economic development of the country. This is proven in several countries and especially in India among the rural women. The study is taken up with a motive to understand the positive qualities of women and their involvement towards bringing up status of their family and the society in general. Much research is carried out on the empowerment of women in being a member of some self-help group which brings out a change in the economy. The researchers in this study have taken up to find out the impact of the factors identified among women of the 12 blocks of SHGs in Coimbatore towards the economic development of Coimbatore. The various factors identified for this study are Socio-economic factors, influence of SHG regulations, impact of training programmes, technology infusion, financial factors, psychological factors, motivational factors and regulatory factors. The study recommends that more number of self-help groups should be formed and women should be encouraged to join in these groups with functional training given to them so that their family and the society will be benefitted.
Background: Reproductive Tract Infections (RTIs) including Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are ‘silent’ epidemics and are recognized as public health problem and rank second as the cause of healthy life lost among women of... more
Background: Reproductive Tract Infections (RTIs) including Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are ‘silent’ epidemics and are recognized as public health problem and rank second as the cause of healthy life lost among women of reproductive age after maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Development and use of IEC material along with active participation by the community ensures delivery of appropriate information and knowledge to people which in turn empowers them to make informed decisions about their health. Methods: This was a ‘Multi-centric action research demonstration study’ to empower and engage the Self Help Groups (SHGs) women by creating awareness and sustaining interest through lesson plans in the IEC material regarding prioritized problem, required interventions and their access for syndromic recognition of the RTI/STIs. As an intervention, series of workshops were conducted with the help of pre-developed IEC material. 400 households (200 from each intervention and control sites) of SHG women were interviewed for baseline and endline each. Results: Intervention was found effective in the form of a significant improvement in the level of awareness about RTI/STI, correct knowledge about white discharge, capability to identify the symptoms of RTI/STI and health seeking behavior of the respondents. Conclusion: This study provides experience of the feasibility, efficacy and impact of health education interventions and point out that cost-effective strategies for prevention of RTI/STI are needed through information, education, and behavior change.
This paper is a case study of SGSY in Rampur block of district Jaunpur, India. An attempt has been made to see if the programme intervention has generated any significant impact on the household income of the participants.
The linear, second order, and third order nonlinear optical properties of glucuronic acid c-lactone single crystals were investigated. The optic axes and principal dielectric axes were identified through optical conoscopy and the... more
The linear, second order, and third order nonlinear optical properties of glucuronic acid c-lactone single crystals were investigated. The optic axes and principal dielectric axes were identified through optical conoscopy and the principal refractive indices were obtained using the Brewster's angle method. Conic sections were observed which is perceived to be due to spontaneous non-collinear phase matching. The direction of collinear phase matching was determined and the d eff evaluated in this direction was 0.71 pm/V. Open and closed aperture Z-scan measurements with femtosecond pulses revealed high third order nonlinearity in the form of self-defocusing, two-photon absorption, as well as saturable absorption. Published by AIP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5008322
This study has come out with detailed investigation on role of micro credit on empowerment of socially excluded people belonging to watershed development area.The empirical findings suggest that micro credit has potential to gender... more
This study has come out with detailed investigation on role of micro credit on empowerment of socially excluded people belonging to watershed development area.The empirical findings suggest that micro credit has potential to gender empowerment, eradicate poverty through outcome even in backward and under privileged regions
We have developed a two-photon fluorescence microscope capable of imaging up to 4mm in turbid media with micron resolution. The key feature of this instrument is the innovative detector, capable of collecting emission photons from a wider... more
We have developed a two-photon fluorescence microscope capable of imaging up to 4mm in turbid media with micron resolution. The key feature of this instrument is the innovative detector, capable of collecting emission photons from a wider surface area of the sample than detectors in traditional two-photon microscopes. This detection scheme is extremely efficient in the collection of emitted photons scattered by turbid media which allows eight fold increase in the imaging depth when compared with conventional two-photon microscopes. Furthermore, this system also has in-depth fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) imaging capability which increases image contrast. The detection scheme captures emission light in a transmission configuration, making it extremely efficient for the detection of second harmonic generation (SHG) signals, which is generally forward propagating. Here we present imaging experiments of tissue phantoms and in vivo and ex vivo biological tissue performed...
Abstract In India, the Self-Help Group (SHG) has emerged as a suitable innovative institution in bringing formal financial sector credit to poor. This article constructs an economic typology of SHGs based on four important economic... more
Abstract In India, the Self-Help Group (SHG) has emerged as a suitable innovative institution in bringing formal financial sector credit to poor. This article constructs an economic typology of SHGs based on four important economic variables, namely, interest on members' ...
Single crystals of ammonium 2,4-dinitrophenolate hydrate (ADH) were grown by the slow evaporation solution growth technique. The structure is elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and the crystal belongs to an... more
Single crystals of ammonium 2,4-dinitrophenolate hydrate (ADH) were grown by the slow evaporation solution growth technique. The structure is elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and the crystal belongs to an orthorhombic system with noncentrosymmetric space groupPna21. The second harmonic generation efficiency of ADH is superior to that of the reference material KH2PO4. The X-ray study reveals that molecules are associated by weak C—HO, O—HN, N—Hand–stacking interactions, which are responsible for the formation and strengthening of the supramolecular assembly. Inter- and intramolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions support the supramolecular architecture in the crystal packing. Three different types of architecture, i.e. column-like packing, a sandwich model of packing and a cluster network type of infrastructure, are observed. Optical studies reveal that the absorption is minimum in the visible region and the cutoff wavelength is at240 nm. The band-...
ABSTRACT It is often observed that the SHGs formed under Government programmes like SGSY are short-lived. Either they dissociate after even before reaching the funding stage or later at entreprise develoment stage. This paper presents a... more
ABSTRACT It is often observed that the SHGs formed under Government programmes like SGSY are short-lived. Either they dissociate after even before reaching the funding stage or later at entreprise develoment stage. This paper presents a new approach towards making SHGs stable and sustainable using the concepts of affinities.
Collagen being the most abundant protein in mammals is important for a variety of functions and its structure, concentration and orientation disturbance is associated with different pathological states. The use of the optical second... more
Collagen being the most abundant protein in mammals is important for a variety of functions and its structure, concentration and orientation disturbance is associated with different pathological states. The use of the optical second harmonic generation (SHG) is emerging as a powerful non-invasive tool for assessing collagen modification in a variety of pathological conditions. The properties of second harmonic light from collagen structures have not yet been fully clarified due to a number of limitations, such as the difficulty to prepare collagen samples with well-known characteristics and optical properties, at a nanoscale resolution. The results of this paper suggest that some of these limitations can be overcome by using thin collagen films with pre-determined characteristics (PDC), which maintain or/and enhance their NLO properties capacities, as they have been checked by using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The collagen fiber structure and orientation was systematically altered by using thermal denaturation or different preparation methodologies (spin coating procedure, use of collagen solution hydrodynamic flow). These films can be used as prototypes and the combined information from AFM imaging and the one included in SHG signal, delivered from them, can significantly contribute to further understanding of the NLO properties of collagen and in the long term to take advantage as a non-invasive tool
