Timelines

The following short tutorial essay highlights the unfolding of some of the important cosmic events that most spiritually awakened-enlightened individuals have been waiting for, that marks the onset of propelling Earth humanity towards Ascension.

...a consideration of the historicity and significance of Jesus’ life from a chronological perspective.  Jesus is most commonly thought to have ministered either from c. 27 to 30 AD or from 29 to 33 AD.  Both suggestions are broadly compatible with the relevant Biblical data, but require us to discard a large amount of extra-Biblical data.  They also (in some of their forms) necessitate a less-than-straightforward interpretation of: a] the flow of events in the Gospels, and b] the time-indicators implicit in John 2.20 and Gal. 1.15-20.  In the present paper, I propose an alternative:  a Jan. 26 to Apr. 28 AD ministry.  Those who believe Jesus to have been crucified on Friday 15th Nisan (as I do) are commonly attracted to a 30 or 33 AD crucifixion date on the basis of astronomical considerations.  But, despite many assertions to the contrary, it is possible for the Passover to have fallen on a Friday in 28 AD (once intercalation is correctly handled), which enables the relevant Biblical data to be treated more soundly and the relevant extra-Biblical data to be given its full weight.  As for the apparent conflict between the Synoptic and Johannine accounts of the Passion week, I here proffer a version of Jaubert’s 364-day-year hypothesis, which turns out to be particularly amenable to a 28 AD crucifixion.  If my claims are correct--i.e., if Jesus ate his last supper within a community where the 364-day-year calendar was observed--, then Jesus’ last supper should be seen not as a fulfilment of the Mosaic law’s requirements, but as a prophetic enactment of the events to come (akin to Jesus’ coronation at Bethany and the ‘signs’ acted out by Israel’s prophets).  A community where the 364-day-year calendar was observed merely provided a convenient and appropriate environment.  As such, the present paper undercuts two frequently-made claims about the Gospels:  a] that they cannot fruitfully be treated as credible historical documents;  and b] that their account of Jesus’ last days contains an irreconciable (in Ehrman’s words, “impossible”) contradiction.  It also sheds light on the significance of Jesus’ ministry.  As Rabbi Jonathan Sacks says, “Some of Judaism’s most profound truths are to be found not in texts, but in time--in the Jewish calendar itself”.

A continuation of The Time Lines Series to Place the Saints of the Suf Order Mujumma Al Bahrain Jehangiri within a Historical Framework of World and Muslim History.
This Volume continues the Narration Post Relevation of Islam and deals with the Rise of the Chistiya and Shurwardiya Sillasils among others.
Historical Notes related to general History are in Plain Type, those dealing with General Muslim History are Outlined Green, while those related to The Sillsila e A'aliya Mujummah al Bahrain Jehangiri are in Bold letters and Outlined Green

This thesis probes the orienting role of physical objects in Aby Warburg's research process before, during, and after his asylum institutionalization from 1918 to 1924. While Warburg is recognized as a figurehead of twentieth-century art history, his list of short, philological publications are insufficient expressions of Warburg's two major theories on meaning in images: Pathosformel and Nachleben. In the process of disciplining Warburg within art historical historiography, scholars have assuaged Warburg's errant archival practices, incomplete systematic designs, collecting compulsions, and diagnosed mental illness. This essay looks at the disjunctions and idiosyncrasies of Warburg's working process as spaces of formation.

Pre-asylum, Warburg used note boxes, sketchbooks, and literary acquisitions as containers of information. These research mechanisms reinforced a physically and psychologically confined organization process, which prevented Warburg from comparing a broad spectrum of material. While at Bellevue Sanatorium in Kreuzlingen, Switzerland, Warburg encountered a different relationship with objects. Mental patients, looking to satisfy unattainable desires such as security or companionship, often attribute alternative or unanticipated meaning to found physical forms. At Bellevue, Warburg began to illustrate his thought processes through collecting small objects with approximate formal or inherent affinity to desired prototypes. This principle is enacted in the selection of objects for his post-asylum projects. After leaving the sanatorium, Warburg initiated an external, tactile body of work in a library shelving system and pictorial timeline, the Mnemosyne Atlas.

Bellevue's architecture further promoted an intimate proximity between patient and analyst that Warburg replicates in his design for a new library. The Atlas and library in lieu of publications realize Warburg's approach to visual culture. This translation from internal thought to external representation was facilitated by Warburg's socialization within an asylum optic, spatial, and object culture. Imbricating the structural principles of asylums and Warburg's library, make-do objects and Atlas collages, reveals a catalyst for the network of object interpolation and reciprocation definitive to a Warburgian theory of art history.

Timelines are well known temporal organizers in various types of African diasporic groove-based musics. But what happens when they are deliberately cut, rotated, or staggered? This article explores some compositional techniques used by Orkestra Rumpilezz, a big band from Bahia, Brazil, that combines jazz with Afro-Bahian carnival and sacred music and that bases its compositions on traditional and modified timelines. The paper offers metric interpretations of the orchestra’s timeline experimentations and relates them to their stated goal to “dignify and demonstrate the high level of rhythmic complexity of Afro-Bahian music.” The main demonstration is that the composer’s experimentations with timelines are a technique to increase rhythmic complexity and to elevate the status of Afro-Bahian music. Additionally, I propose a way to expand existing timeline models to account for more subtle and implicit relationships of timeline alignment found in Brazil. The main goal is to discover how the orchestra’s claimed rhythmic complexity is expressed through arrangement. This is achieved by combining music theory, analysis, and ethnographic work in Bahia.

Historians occasionally use timelines, but many seem to regard such signs merely as ways of visually summarizing results that are presumably better expressed in prose. Challenging this language-centered view, I suggest that timelines might assist the generation of novel historical insights. To show this, I begin by looking at studies confirming the cognitive benefits of diagrams like timelines. I then try to survey the remarkable diversity of timelines by analyzing actual examples. Finally, having conveyed this (mostly untapped) potential, I argue that neglecting timelines might mean neglecting significant aspects of reality that are revealed only by those signs. My overall message is that, once we accept that relations are as important for the mind as what they relate, we have to pay closer attention to any semiotic device that enables or facilitates the discernment of new relations.

Part 2 of A Historical Timeline as an addendum to my Prosopography Sillsila e A'aliya Mujummah Al BahrainJehangiri. An Account of the Friends of Allah Pa who transmitted the Secrets of the Path (Tareeqat) down through the Centuries in Historical Perspective.

Resumo: A linha do tempo pretende - ainda que de modo sucinto - colocar lado-a-lado os períodos na história da arquitetura e da música, possibilitando assim uma leitura comparativa e interpretativa. Esse levantamento histórico foi baseado nas análises e comparações entre algumas características estilísticas arquitetônicas e musicais de determinados períodos na história, a começar pela antiguidade clássica, até o contemporâneo. Essa pesquisa é interessante, pois reforça os paralelos entre a arquitetura e a música por meio das similaridades e diferenças identificadas nas duas disciplinas. *O levantamento histórico que deu origem a esta tabela pode ser encontrado nos apêndices de minha dissertação de mestrado.

The opposition of hadith
and sunnah, which is said
to have started in the period
of the Companions and has
gained new dimensions
today, has given birth to a
tradition of defensive discourse
and interpretation
on the axis of “the unity of
the Qur’an-sunnah” as a
historical reaction. There has
been a divergence between
the Qur’an and the sunnah at
the point of the boundaries of
the envisaged integrity, and
the integrity itself has often
remained a ‘border issue’.
In the academic studies that
we can access in the context
of this article, the concept
of integrity or the term
Qur’an-sunnah harmony/
unity which is generally
discussed on the axis of the
same question seems to us
partially problematic. This
problem arises primarily
from the focus on the question
of whether the sunnah is
a revelation or not, without
analyzing the concept of
‘integrity’ (harmony, unity)
from different perspectives.
In this article, we will first
try to make some conceptualizations
about the discourse
and interpretations that come
to the fore in the discussions,
and then we will try to touch
on the different dimensions
of the concept of ‘integrity’.

This paper is based on data that I have collected for an ongoing study whose purpose is to explore everyday understandings of the social trajectories of Chilean Teachers through their housing practices. This study analyses how teachers perceive changes in terms of social change, biographical change and social mobility when they think about their life trajectories. This study proposes a qualitative design research and interviewing and timelining were the main research techniques. Forty-one teachers-who work for private, public and private subsidised schools-were interviewed as part of this research. Interviewees were also asked to draw a timeline to represent the main changes in their residential trajectories and the main changes experienced in their personal lives. In this paper I argue for the value of timelines as methodological tool in order to explore the complexity and entanglement of people's narratives of their trajectories, which is evident examining the link between residential and broader life trajectories. In my argument, trajectories are subjectively understood as complex, multidimensional but also non-linear constructs from which issues of social change, life-course change, spatial change and social mobility emerge in an entangled and more open way (which makes more sense to people). Although the concept of trajectory has sometimes been taken to represent a continuous line capturing a unique and coherent story, I question that assumption, by examining the complex and entangled stories that my sample produced when they were asked to identify the key elements and transitions of their timelines. Timelines were used as a guide to explore the main changes in interviewees' lives, especially in their residential and life trajectories. Timelining, as a research method, allows interviewees to elicit memories and reflections about their past and present lives, especially in relation to their housing experience. Additionally, timelining allows people to look into sensitive episodes of changes and think about how these episodes have affected their trajectories. Specifically-by drawing timelines-interviewees recognise first a residential trajectory and then a broader life trajectory, but also make sense of possible connections between both trajectories, exploring how issues of class position, life-course and structural changes entangle their trajectories as a whole. This paper begins with a brief introduction about the different uses of timelining in social sciences. Following which, I turn to my case-study example detailing why I decided to include timelines and how these were included as part of my research strategy. Then I account how a complex and non-linear sense of trajectory emerge from teachers' timelines. Finally, I reprise and summarise the most 1

Sulle potenzialità e sui limiti di ucronia (come genere letterario) e counterfactual history (una volta mero divertissement intellettuale, oggi approccio storiografico legittimo “ma non troppo”) come approccio a una didattica della storia alternativa. Una modesta riflessione sulla necessità di superare la troppo netta cesura fra “cultura alta” e “bassa” anche nell’ambito dell’insegnamento della storia, disciplina tradizionalmente etichettata come “noiosa” e poco stimolante.

This course introduces students to the foundations of the modern world up to the year 1500 CE. The underlying theme of the course is that this period has seen an increasing interconnectedness between human societies, leading to the globalised world in which we live. Students study topics such as trade patterns, intellectual exchange, religious movements, health, wellness and the environment, state and empire building, war, conquest and diplomacy, and the spread of disease, goods and ideas. They learn to understand the processes that increased global interaction, both voluntary and forced, and spawned conflicts, both economic and political.

In our section of HIST 101, we aim to ask ourselves whether or not it makes sense to look for " patterns " in something as large and imposing as world history (at least up until 1500 CE). Our goal is not to avoid finding such patterns, but rather to think critically about how both our textbook and we ourselves go about trying to make sense of the past. Only then can we start thinking about what that past will mean for the present and future concerns of global society.

ÖZ Bu çalışmanın amacı, şeffaflık açısından kurumsal yönetim uygulamalarının finansal raporlamanın süresi üzerine etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Bu amaçla Borsa İstanbul (BİST) Kurumsal Yönetim Endeksinde kayıtlı işletmeler üzerinde araştırma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma, 2009-2014 yılları arasında işlem gören 45 işletmenin verilerini kapsamaktadır. Araştırmada panel veri analizi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; yönetim kurulundaki üye sayısının, genel müdür ile yönetim kurulu başkanının aynı kişi olmamasının, sermaye yapısı içindeki yabancı yatırımcı sahipliğinin, işletmenin aktif büyüklüğünün ve zorunlu dipnot açıklama düzeyinin önemli olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

The aim of this paper is to explain and discuss timeline interviews as a method for
doing life history research. It is a ‘how to’ article explaining the strengths and weaknesses of
using a timeline when conducting qualitative interviews. The method allows the interviewee to
participate in the reporting of the interview which may give raise to ownership and sharing of
the analytical power in the interview situation. Exactly for this reason, it may not be the most
appropriate method for interviewing elites or for conducting insider interviews where
positionality can be at play. The use of the timeline should not lead the interviewer or the
interviewee to assume linearity and coherence; it is an organising principle for the events. It
provides an opportunity for linking the story with the wider social, political and environmental
context during the interview. While the method is very suitable for life story research, it can
also be used for other types of studies where interviews are made.

Within human geography, there is increasing interest in the application of theories of practice for understanding resource consumption and for pursuing sustainability goals. In stressing the routine, performative, and contextual dimensions of action, research on geographies of practice is faced with particular methodological challenges. A lively debate concerns the utility of talk-based methods for investigating routine practices, such as those relating to everyday consumption. While it has been compellingly argued that people can talk individually or in groups about their practice, as of yet, these methodological debates have not been extended to the question of whether people can talk about past practices over the life course. This is despite the fact that attending to practice dynamics at the life-course scale can reveal important insights into the intersections of structure, agency, time, and space in consumption practices. Seeking to address this gap, this methodology-focused paper explores biographic inquiry as an empirical strategy for research on geographies of practice and consumption. After identifying significant challenges in representation associated with researching routine action in general, and past practices in particular, it outlines key learnings garnered during a biographic study on domestic consumption in Ireland. Central methodological features supporting talk-elicitation include zooming-in-and-out of temporal registers, multi-modality, and phased implementation. The paper concludes that people can talk about past practices in often very detailed, intricate ways and that retrospective talk is a valuable tool for understanding practice dynamics at the life-course scale.

Fossil fuels are the dominant form of storable energy, but their share in the global energy supply is slowly diminishing due to climate mitigation policies. Alternative energy production from variable renewable energy sources for both stationary and mobile use requires some form of energy storage. Batteries are the current frontrunner for this application, particularly with Li-ion batteries that are reliable and highly efficient. However, batteries themselves have evolved to meet current requirements and expectations. These changes in battery chemistry have shifted the dependency on raw materials used to produce them. Raw materials critical for battery production are subject to supply risk due to their availability or trade policies prompting a need for supply risk assessment. Such resource supply risks depend on the perspective of the importing country or region. By analysing the supply risk of raw materials used in the production of batteries in comparison to fossil fuels, it is possible to understand the shift in risk to storable energy that is underway. In this study, we analyse the supply risk of selected raw materials used in batteries and compare it with the supply risk of fossil fuels for the period 2000 to 2018 from the perspective of the European Union, USA, South Korea, Japan, Canada and Australia using the GeoPolRisk method. Our analysis demonstrates a higher risk of supply for raw materials compared to that of fossil fuels for all the selected territories. Rare earth elements, graphite and magnesium, are amongst the raw materials with the highest supply risk due to their concentrated production in one or only a few countries. Countries have recognised the need for raw material security and made specific policies to ensure secure supply. Raw material security is an emerging concern for all the countries, especially in the case of batteries for major manufacturing nations that are heavily import-dependent. Raw materials producing countries like Canada and Australia focused on stockpiling minerals and minerals exploration while importing countries such as Japan and South Korea are looking for alternate sources for their supply. The results from our analysis suggest that the necessary policy reforms taken for energy security have benefited all the countries with a reduced risk of fossil fuel supply, while similar policies to secure raw materials are discussed but not yet fully implemented.

Si presenta in questa sede il testo letto a Vercelli nel corso dell’incontro: Ordinare il mondo. Diagrammi e simboli nelle pergamene di Vercelli - Incontro internazionale di studio - Vercelli (I), 25 ottobre - 27 ottobre 2017, con alcuni ritocchi, ma senza note bibliografiche.

Este artigo apresenta parte da pesquisa de conclusão de curso sobre a presença de timelines em três peças do álbum “Coisas” (1965), de Moacir Santos, defendida na FAP/UNESPAR, em 2019. O estudo tem como foco o aspecto rítmico, destacando a verticalidade das composições, as texturas polirrítmicas e os contrastes entre as ideias musicais articuladas por Moacir Santos. Este trabalho debruça-se sobre a peça “Coisa nº 5” e demonstra a influência marcante da música de matriz africana por meio das timelines, tendo como base a gravação original e o livro de partituras “Coisas: Cancioneiro Moacir Santos”. Dessa forma, as análises demonstram que as timelines identificadas são customizadas, criando combinações com a função de orientar a estrutura rítmica da peça.
Palavras-chave: Moacir Santos. Coisa nº 5. Timeline. Análise Musical.

This paper is part of the undergraduate research on the use of timelines in three pieces of the album “Coisas” (1965), by Brazilian composer Moacir Santos, presented at FAP/UNESPAR (Curitiba, Brazil), in 2019. The present study is based on the rhythmic aspect, drawing attention to the vertical perspective of the pieces, the polyrhythmic textures and the contrasts between the musical ideas articulated by Moacir Santos. The aim is to demonstrate, especially in “Coisa nº 5”, the strong influence of African matrix through timelines, based on the original recording and the score book “Coisas: cancioneiro Moacir Santos”. Thus, the analyses show that the identified timelines are customized, creating combinations with the function of guiding the rhythmic structure of the piece.
Keywords: Moacir Santos. Coisa Nº 5. Timeline. Musical Analysis.

A Historical Timeline as an addendum to my Prosopography Sillsila e A'aliya Mujummah Al BahrainJehangiri.
They say that “History is written by the Winners!” I have tried to be Objective and All-Inclusive while leaving out any kind of commentary or obviously prejudiced comments that seek to cast slurs upon others while covering up their own misdeeds.
Along with deeds of so-called Valor, there exists a strain of Invention; Self Development, and the Creation of Beauty and Literature.
Those Great Souls who have brought Love, Compassion, and Beauty into the World need to be commemorated. to present an overview of Humanity’s main concerns including Rulers and their activities along with a record of the progress of the Human Mind and Soul to free itself from Dogma, Ritual, and the Shackles of Programming and Thought Control that is imbibed from the Cradle to the Grave. This arose from an inborn Vaulting Aspiration of the Soul which led to the realization of being a Prisoner in My own Mind and the desire to free myself in Order to soar towards Attaining the Goal of the True Raison D'être of the Creation of Humanity.

The recent focus on literacy in Social Studies has been on linguistic design, particularly that related to the grammar of written and spoken text. When students are expected to produce complex hybridized genres such as timelines, a focus on the teaching and learning of linguistic design is necessary but not sufficient to complete the task. Theorizations of new literacies identify five interrelated meaning making designs for text deconstruction and reproduction: linguistic, spatial, visual, gestural, and audio design. Honing in on the complexity of timelines, this paper casts a lens on the linguistic, visual, spatial, and gestural designs of three pairs of primary school aged Social Studies learners. Drawing on a functional metalanguage, we analyze the linguistic, visual, spatial, and gestural designs of their work. We also offer suggestions of their effect, and from there consider the importance of explicit instruction in text design choices for this Social Studies task. We conclude...

This article discusses the features of traditional infographics used for representing data in the course of a chronological axis and the development of innovative learning in virtual environments for Historical Sciences. We are namely interested in implementing a prototype of an online learning platform that should represent chronology in a dynamic timeline. An adequate solution for the implementation of this proposal is a multi-agent system. This is because it distributes knowledge, employs problem-solving techniques and makes it easier to access databases, internet information and any other type of resources required by the system. The use of this technology in the prototype will allow it to evolve and adapt to changes, as well as interact with users smoothly and effortlessly.

The so-called West African standard pattern<2212221>is a ubiquitous rhythm that serves as a temporal reference for dozens of genres across the Black Atlantic. But this pattern also appears in rotated versions—i.e. with other onsets of the pattern perceived as the reference point. This occurs in specific traditional genres (e.g. Nigerian Yoruba drumming <2212212>) and in experimental Afro-diasporic musics (e.g. “Das Arabias,” [Orkestra Rumpilezz, 2016] <1222122>). In fact, some musicians deliberately aim to increase rhythmic complexity by using various types of rotations of the pattern (Diaz 2017). How do musicians and audiences who are familiar with the standard pattern in its version <2212221>react when the point of reference is shifted in time? This paper engages this question from an empirical standpoint with three psychological experiments on rhythm realized in Ghana. The experiments measure perceived, metric, and performance complexity of the standard pattern in its 12 possible rotations and in three contexts: the rhythm alone, and in conjunction with a 12/8 and a 3/2 pulse. The results are compared to analysis of rhythmic complexity based on syncopation and metric strength (Agawu 2003, Diaz 2017). The paper argues that that familiarity with the “base” rotation <2212221> is crucial to studying rhythmic complexity of other rotations of the pattern.

Key Words: Timeline-music, West African Standard Pattern, Rhythmic Complexity, Empirical Analysis, Black Atlantic

In this paper we describe ItLv (Interactive Timeline Viewer), a visualization tool currently used to depict the variants obtained in a textual collation. A textual collation is a process in which a base text is compared against several comparison texts to identify differences ( ...

It is common to meet with timelines in popular history books. Yet, historians seldom acknowledge the usage of such diagrams in their practice. Rather than a general prejudice against diagrams, we argue that timelines suffer from their embodiment of biases that do not match with widespread standards of historical writing. For instance, the linearity of timelines suggests continuity between events that might actually be disconnected. Timelines visualise a specific narrative and hide historian’s act of selection. To exhibit this hidden face, one needs to depict the events that have not been selected in the narrative. For the purpose, we introduce a scheme that can be used to visualise the narrative’s construction. An application to the historiography of modern logic is provided.

>> When I took up the position of Assistant Professor in the Humanities here at MacEwan University, my job description included a mandate to engage with the digital humanities. The nature of this engagement was open-ended, both delightfully and terrifyingly so. It could mean intimately interweaving cutting-edge technology into a research project. Or it could mean focusing on how best to supply students with the tools they’ll need to make sense of digital information for purposes both scholarly and economic.

Read the rest here:

https://craftofteachingreligion.wordpress.com/2017/01/10/the-travails-of-trying-to-go-digital/

To appear in A. Ericsson, N. Charness, P. Feltovich &amp;amp;amp; R. Hoffman (Eds.), Cambridge Handbook on Expertise and Expert Performance. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 127-145. ... Observation of Work Practices in Natural Settings ... The Florida Institute for Human ...