Tipology

This collection includes thirteen contributions on ancient authors and texts dealing with ekphrasis. It focuses not only – and not mainly – on theories linked to the definition(s) of ekphrasis purported in the rhetoric Progymnasmata (I-IV centuries AD), but, more broadly, on different ideas of ekphrasis that crop up at various stages of Graeco-Roman antiquity. Chapters are devoted to Homer (Lombardo), Simonides, Dissoi logoi, Aristophanes (De Martino), Plato (Wunenburger, Palumbo), Ps.-Longinus (Togni), Hellenistic epigram (Squire), Ptolemy (Roby), Philostratus (Prioux), Lucian, Callistratus (Pigeaud), Plotinus, Porphyrius (Marzillo), Neoplatonism (Motta), and Byzantine authors (Vasiliu).

Abstract
Jesús Carrasco Muñoz, as noted above, was an attentive architect to the debates of modern architecture that were taking place in Europe. The influence he could have received from from Solokoetxe II homes by the Bilbao architect Calixto Emiliano Amann only underlines his ability to recognize in the national projects those themes of modernity that he shared. The majority presence in this work of the type of housing with intern living room denotes the attention to the debates that the modern movement was developing in the twenties, both in Spain and in Europe. Two different but related issues emerge in the genealogical study of this typology. The first one concerns the new conception of the domestic space and the relationship between the different parts of the house; the second, to the compositional mechanisms governing its design. This is a priority line of research of the modern movement in which it was sought the appropriate relationship between a fluid space and the precise joint that allowed the necessary privacy of certain parts of the house.

Resumen
Jesús Carrasco Muñoz, como ya se ha señalado anteriormente, fue un arquitecto atento a los debates de la arquitectura moderna que estaban teniendo lugar en Europa. La influencia que pudiera haber recibido de las viviendas de Solokoetxe II del arquitecto bilbaíno Calixto Emiliano Amann no viene sino a subrayar su capacidad de reconocer en los proyectos nacionales aquellos temas de la modernidad que él compartía. La presencia mayoritaria en esta obra del tipo de vivienda con salón pasante denota la atención a los debates que el movimiento moderno estaba desarrollando en los años veinte, tanto en España como en Europa. Dos cuestiones diferentes pero relacionadas entre sí emergen en el estudio genealógico de esta tipología. La primera se refiere a la nueva concepción del espacio doméstico y la relación entre las diferentes partes de la casa; la segunda, a los mecanismos compositivos que regulan su trazado. Ésta es una línea de investigación prioritaria del movimiento moderno en la que se buscó la adecuada relación entre un espacio fluido y la articulación precisa que permitiera la necesaria privacidad de determinadas partes de la vivienda.

Статья посвящена арбалетовидным фибулам с узкой длинной ножкой и литым иглоприемником типов Шёнварлинг/Сковарч и Доллькайм/Коврово – одним из наиболее характерных хроноиндикаторов эпохи Великого переселения народов. Авторы описывают ряд конструктивных особенностей рассматриваемых фибул в ареале самбийско-натангийской культуры, обуславливающих их типологическую принадлежность. На основании результатов сравнительного анализа довоенных и современных археологических источников авторы предлагают современную уточненную
хронологию вышеупомянутых типов. Вопреки сложившимся представлениям, археологический материал свидетельствует о разновременном ношении этих фибул, а именно о плавной смене фибул Шёнварлинг/Сковарч фибулами Доллькайм/Коврово на рубеже фаз D2/D3, т.е. ок. 430 г. н.э.

En este volumen el autor presenta los materiales anfóricos hallados en la antigua colonia romana de Scallabis (Santarém, Portugal), ubicada en el valle del Tajo.

En la primera parte del libro encontramos una contextualización geográfica e histórica del lugar, además de un estado de la cuestión de las actividades arqueológicas que se han llevado a cabo en la zona hasta la actualidad.

En la segunda parte, el autor realiza su estudio sobre las ánforas recuperadas en Santarém. En primer lugar, expone la metodología aplicada. En segundo lugar, el estudio tipológico del material. En tercer lugar, estudia los productos transportados en esas ánforas.

Finalmente, se describen estratigráficamente y contextualmente los contextos arqueológicos y cerámicos que sirvieron como base y fundamento al estudio del conjunto anfórico. En la última parte del libro, se analizan y discuten los resultados de los capítulos anteriores desde dos perspectivas muy distintas pero que guardan una gran relación: la del punto de llegada-consumo y la del punto de partida-producción. Es este un novedoso libro que nos presenta unas tipologías anfóricas poco estudiadas hasta la fecha, lo que permite conocer mejor las corrientes comerciales en el occidente del mediterráneo romano.

RESUMO

Observa-se que a teoria dos tipos psicológicos de Carl Gustav Jung vem encontrando, cada vez mais, grande inserção de seu uso nas organizações, extrapolando sua aplicação na prática clínica. Além de a tipologia junguiana poder ser utilizada como facilitadora de crescimento psicológico dos empregados, cogita-se a possibilidade de um uso indiscriminado da mesma, objetivando exclusivamente privilegiar as organizações e não os indivíduos. Nesse sentido, este artigo pretende descrever a aplicação dessa tipologia nessas instituições, confrontando-a com o conceito junguiano de processo de individuação, problematizando se a teoria tipológica de Jung estaria sendo utilizada de forma contrária aos pressupostos teóricos e práticos propostos por esse autor.

ABSTRACT

It is observed that the theory of psychological types of Carl Gustav Jung has found, increasingly, large insertion of its use in organizations, beyond its application in clinical practice. In addition to the fact that the Jungian typology can be used as a facilitator of psychological growth of employees, the possibility of an indiscriminate use of it, focusing exclusively on organizations and not on individuals, is considered. Thus, this paper aims to describe the application of this typology in these institutions comparing it with the Jungian concept of individuation process, questioning whether Jung's typological theory has been used in a manner contrary to the theoretical and practical assumptions proposed by the author.

In many cases in Italy the outcomes produced by building speculation in the immediate postwar period have compromised the quality of historical urban cities. This contribution reflects on the opportunity to recompose the lost unity of the public space using a method that in finding out the reasoning underlying the city, makes history an indispensable instrument within the project. In fact, the urban project originates in the need to find continuity with the history of the city from which potential and energy can be interpreted in the light of the needs of the contemporary society. Consequently, the pretext of novelty advanced by the project does not set out formal solutions to unpredictable needs, characteristic of a certain ideological radicalism in the avant-guarde isms and an old mythology of the new incarnated in the functionalism of the International Style but are fully inserted in the dialectic relationship with the traditional historic urban forms. There is no simple formal-mimetic relationship with the latter but archetypes underlie the origin of the form. In this context the method is a continuation of the best studies of typological and urban morphology analysis (especially Aldo Rossi, L'architettura della città, 1966) that not only view the city as a product of what are certainly important functional systems (social, economic, political) but above all contemplate the urban form as a result of its formal structure. The teaching at the University of Padua (Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, course of Architectural and Urban Composition 2) follows this tradition of thought that is specifically oriented to the theme of public space and its relationships with private ones, looking to the formal and spatial structure of the city as an indispensable premise to the definition of the urban project. The area of Eremitani in Padua is one of the thematic environments with which the students on the course were confronted. A symbolic place representative of the city, it lost its formal identity and unity with the other parts of the city following speculation and the urban choices that characterised the reconstruction of the building fabric damaged during the Second World War. The outcomes produced by the projects presented by the students have verified the validity of an operational method that in taking heed of the content and characteristics of the place finally finds continuity with the history of the city and its memory. Keywords: History as a tool for the project, urban analysis, community identity, memory, public space.