Translating

The present study aimed to explore the psychometric properties of the Coach-Athlete Relationship
Questionnaire (CART-Q) in the Chinese language. Based on the 3+1Cs of the coach-athlete
relationship conceptual model (Jowett, 2007a), the CART-Q aims to measure three interpersonal
psychological constructs, namely: closeness, commitment, and complementarity from a direct
perspective and a meta-perspective (see Jowett, 2009). This study examined the factorial validity
of both direct and meta-perspective versions of the translated CART-Q in the Chinese language
with a sample of 246 elite Chinese athletes by using confirmatory factor analysis. Its concurrent
validity was also examined via a three-step mediation analysis using structural equation modelling.
Overall, findings provided tenable support for the validity and reliability of the two CART-Q
versions within the Chinese coach-athlete relationship context. The possibility of subtle cultural
variations in the multidimensional conception of coach-athlete relationships are discussed alongside
implications for theory, research, and practice.

Keywords: chinese athletes, coach-athlete relationships, CART-Q, validity, reliability

Children's pro-ecological behaviors are usually registered using scales based on the idea of a simple connection between attitudes and behaviors. However, this relationship seems to be more complicated. The Children's Ecological Behavior (CEB) Scale has been proposed as an alternative. Based on the Rasch model, it considers the different efforts needed to conduct a series of behaviors. This paper presents an improved adaptation of the CEB to Spanish population. We back-translated the CEB into Spanish, increased the number of behaviors and collected data from 6- to 12-year-olds, using a game format procedure. The scale can detect differences in the effort needed to perform various behaviors. Children's pro-ecological attitudes and behaviors are positively related. No relationship was found between parents' and children's pro-ecological attitudes and behaviors. The Spanish version of the CEB scale emerges as a reliable tool to measure children's pro-ecological ...

The efficient and reliable assessment of general community health requires the development of comprehensive and parsimonious measures of proven validity. The Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) has been demonstrated to be a reliable indicator of common expressions of discomfort and stress in the general population. The present paper describes its linguistic adaptation into French, the derivation of item weights by Thurstone's method of paired comparisons and the comparison of item weights across various sociodemographic groups. There is more similarity than variation on the valuation of the state of health explored by the NHP between the French and the British population as little inter-cultural or inter-linguistic variations were found. The differences in judgement of severity elicited across sociodemographic groups in the French sample cast some doubts on the relevance of general weights for use in population surveys.

FUNDAMENTO: Estilos de vida inadequados têm sido as principais causas de morte no mundo. O questionário "Estilo de vida fantástico" tem por finalidade auxiliar médicos que trabalham com prevenção, a fim de estes possam melhor conhecer e medir o estilo de vida dos seus pacientes. OBJETIVO: Traduzir e validar o questionário "Estilo de vida fantástico" para adultos jovens. MÉTODOS: O processo de tradução e adaptação envolveu quatro etapas: 1) tradução, 2) correção e adaptação semântica por especialistas da área (juízes), 3) avaliação da clareza do conteúdo e 4) avaliação por amostra da população-alvo. Análise estatística: para a consistência interna, utilizou-se o alfa de Cronbach; a consistência externa foi verificada pela correlação intraclasse (R); para a validade de construto, usou-se o índice Kappa. RESULTADOS: O alfa de Cronbach que avalia as correlações entre os itens e o total foi de 0,69, o que é considerado razoável para um instrumento desenhado para medir uma variável latente que somente pode ser estimada e não medida. Quando agrupados os itens em domínios, verificou-se que todos contribuem de maneira semelhante para a estabilidade do instrumento (α = 0,60). A reprodutibilidade avaliada pela correlação intraclasse foi alta (R = 0,92; p = 0,2). A validade de construto testada pela capacidade classificatória do instrumento em quatro e três categorias foi de 75% e 80,7%, com um índice Kappa de 0,58 e 0,7, respectivamente, o que evidencia uma ótima capacidade discriminatória. CONCLUSÃO: O questionário "Estilo de vida fantástico" possui uma consistência interna e externa adequada para a avaliação do estilo de vida de adultos jovens. Recomenda-se a utilização do questionário na atenção primária e em estudos epidemiológicos.

A striking rise in the incidence and prevalence of congestive heart failure (CHF) in the Chinese population has been reported. While promoting the quality of life (QOL) of these patients is widely recognized as an important clinical priority, there is not a validated Chinese disease-specific QOL measure for CHF patients. The aim of this study was to validate the Chinese version of Chronic Heart Failure Questionnaire (CHQ-C) which measures the disease-specific QOL of patients with CHF. A sample of 110 CHF elderly patients and a comparison group of 64 healthy elderly people was recruited. Structured questionnaires were administered by a research nurse. Criterion and construct validity of CHQ-C was demonstrated by its significant correlation with the New York Heart Association classification (Spearman r = −0.52, p Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (Pearson r = −0.74, p

Several studies have shown that growth hormone deficiency in adults leads to poor well-being and other clinical consequences, and that these improve when the hormone is replaced. However, the studies employed generic measures of health status that miss important aspects of the patients' experience and that have inadequate reliability and responsiveness. This paper describes the European development and testing of the Quality of Life-Assessment of Growth Hormone Deficiency in Adults (QoL-AGHDA), a condition-specific quality of life measure for use in clinical trials and for the routine monitoring of patients. The instrument was produced in five languages; English, Swedish, Italian, German and Spanish. Each language version is shown to have good reliability, internal consistency and construct validity. The QoL-AGHDA is currently included in an international database monitoring the long-term efficacy and safety of growth hormone replacement therapy and in clinical trials in a numbe...

La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es una patología de elevado infradiagnóstico. La utilización de cuestionarios breves diseñados para detectar casos de posible obstrucción crónica al flujo aéreo puede ayudar en el diagnóstico temprano de la EPOC.Estudio epidemiológico observacional y transversal de validación de la versión traducida y adaptada del cuestionario Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Population Screener (COPD-PS). Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos y clínicos, así como las respuestas a los cuestionarios COPD-PS y EQ-5D y el parámetro volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo/volumen espiratorio forzado en 6 segundos (FEV1/FEV6) medido mediante el dispositivo COPD-6. Se estudiaron las propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario y la capacidad diagnóstica del cociente FEV1/FEV6 tomando como referencia el cociente FEV1/capacidad vital forzada (FEV1/FVC) posbroncodilatador < 0,7.Participaron 10 centros de atención primaria que incluyeron 94 controles y 79 casos con obstrucción crónica al flujo aéreo. Las características del cuestionario fueron: factibilidad, 2,3% de los participantes no contestó algún ítem; el tiempo medio de cumplimentación fue de 47,7 segundos; el 4,1% de la muestra obtuvo puntuación cero. Validez, correlación moderada con puntuaciones del cuestionario EQ-5D y moderada-alta con el FEV1; la puntuación en el cuestionario se asoció con todos los parámetros indicativos de EPOC estudiados. El punto de corte 4 presentó el mejor balance sensibilidad/especificidad y un 78% de individuos correctamente clasificados. Para el cociente FEV1/FEV6 un punto de corte de 0,75 clasifica correctamente al 85% de los individuos.El cuestionario COPD-PS demostró buenas propiedades psicométricas. Un punto de corte 4 presenta propiedades predictivas óptimas. El cociente FEV1/FEV6 < 0,75 ofrece una excelente correlación con el cociente FEV1/FVC y es útil para el cribado de obstrucción crónica al flujo aéreo.The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a highly undiagnosed disease. The use of short screening questionnaires designed to detect chronic airflow obstruction may help to the early diagnosis of COPD.This was an observational, cross-sectional epidemiological study aimed to validate the translated into Spanish version of the COPD-PS questionnaire. Socio-demographic and clinical data of participants were collected, as well as their answers to the COPD-PS and EQ-5D questionnaires. The ratio FEV1/FEV6 was measured with the COPD-6 device. The psychometric properties of the questionnaire and the diagnostic yield of the FEV1/FEV6 ratio were analysed, both referred to the gold standard of post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.7.Ten primary care centers participated in the study and included 94 controls and 79 cases with chronic airflow obstruction. Questionnaire characteristics were: feasibility, 2.3% of participants did not answer at least one item; mean time to fill the questionnaire was 47.7 seconds; 4.7% of individuals had a 0 score. Validity, moderate correlation with EQ-5D scores and moderate-high with FEV1; the scores of COPD-PS were related to all parameters associated with COPD. A cut off of 4 units had the best sensitivity/specificity ratio and correctly classified 78% of participants. For the FEV1/FEV6 ratio, a cut off of 0.75 correctly classified 85% of individuals.The COPD-PS questionnaire demonstrated good psychometric properties. A cut off score of 4 has excellent predictive value. A ratio of 0.75 in the FEV1/FEV6 provides an excellent correlation with the ratio FEV1/FVC and is useful for the identification of individuals with chronic airflow obstruction.

The purpose of this chapter is to examine how language barriers contribute to health disparities among ethnic and racial minorities in the United States. A literature search was systematically conducted using selected computer databases (MEDLINE and CINAHL). Searches were limited to English-language-published research in the years from 1985 to 2003. A total of 47 published articles were included in this review. Overall these studies indicate that language barriers are associated with longer visit time per clinic visit, less frequent clinic visits, less understanding of physician&#39;s explanation, more lab tests, more emergency room visits, less follow-up, and less satisfaction with health services. The results also indicate that people who are older, poorer, and female tend to have severe language barriers compared to those who are younger, wealthier, and male. Improvement of communication between patients and providers in relation to health disparity consists of cultural competenc...

This study explores the psychometric properties of the Spanish adaptation of the Mood Spectrum Self-Report (MOODS-SR), an instrument designed to assess a broad range of manifestations of mood psychopathology. A total of 71 Spanish subjects participated: 49 outpatients who met criteria for a mood disorder or generalized anxiety disorder, and 22 normal controls. The instrument proved to have good internal consistency and test–retest reliability. Significant positive correlations were found between the depressive subdomains of the questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory, as well as between the manic–hypomanic subdomains and the Clinician-Administered Rating Scale for Mania. Clinical subjects displayed higher mean scores than normal subjects in all domains, and patients with bipolar disorder displayed higher scores than patients with unipolar disorder in the Manic component, particularly in the Energy and the Cognition subdomains. Differences between patients with generalized anxiety and mood disorders were small. The former, however, did not differ from normal controls in several subdomains, whereas patients with mood disorders did. Depression and Anxiety 23:220–235, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Cancer Locus of Control (CLOC) scale on a Greek sample of advanced cancer patients. METHODS: The scale was translated with the forward-backward procedure to Greek. The CLOC scale was administered to 140 advanced cancer patients. It was administered twice, with a 3-day interval, to 100 (of the 140) eligible patients with advanced cancer. Together with the CLOC scale, the patients also completed the Greek Mental Adjustment to Cancer (G-MAC) scale. Confirmatory factor analysis was carried out using the AMOS 7.0 analysis. The reliability was assessed by the internal consistency (Cronbach&#x27;s α coefficients), test-retest (Spearman&#x27;s r value) of the instrument, and inter-item correlations. Construct validity was assessed using the G-MAC scale, interscale correlations, item-scale correlations, and scales-total correlations. RESULTS: The homogeneity of the subscales proved to be satisfactory (α coefficient range...