WiFI

positioning systems can be used for different purposes and for different services, so a lot of research tries to find low error techniques with good results, GPS Global Positioning System is widely used but unfortunately it is difficult to use for indoor applications, Wi-Fi positioning system (WPS) solve this problem, So in this paper we introduce some enhancement on Indoor WiFi Positioning System for Android-based Smartphone[3] to get more accurate results, this will help in many application for mobile users and network administrators.. General Terms-Andriod, Mobile, Positioning System.

WiFi access points are widely spread everywhere in all our daily life routines. Using these devices to provide services other than the Internet is becoming familiar nowadays. This paper conducts an experimental study to estimate the number of people in an indoor environment through two system setups, line of sight, and non-line of sight. Relationship modeling between WiFi received signal and the number of people uses polynomial regression. The experiment comprised of two stages: first is the data collection from a controlled number of people. Then, the collected data used to train the system through polynomial regression. The second is testing the system's effectiveness by applying it to an uncontrolled environment. Testing results revealed efficiency in using WiFi received signal strength to do the people counting (up to 60) because of the accuracy achievements of 93.17% in the line of sight system. The non-line of sight system disclosed randomness in the received signal strength indicator regardless of the change in the number of people. The randomness is mainly caused by the fading effect of the concrete wall. Therefore it is inefficient to use the non-line of sight system in concrete buildings. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.

Wi-Fi is a wireless networking technology that enables computers and other devices to communicate using a RF signal enabling a lot of advanced applications to provide services. Nowadays, Wi-Fi signal coverage is almost a must in any office building or small office home office (SOHO) environment. Home and office networking concept involves the use of wireless sensors/Wi-Fi routers around the house to control and detect signals in the home-setting. In this project, however, RF signals from Wi-Fi NIC and ZigBee motes received signal strength indicators (RSSI) were used as a base feed to our system testbed to detect the human presence inside an indoor home/office environment. Then, a controller is used to switch ON/OFF appliances like air conditioning, lights …etc. The system testbed doubles as a reliable alarm for physical intrusion detection to secure an indoor perimeter as demonstrated in the paper. This simple, yet cheap, approach to home/office networking promises to save energy and cost in large numbers. It can also be used in many industrial settings including control and security applications.

South Africa "dual economy" as acknowledged in the 2003 State of the Nation address, has persisted and is evident in the "digital divide" with plethora of ICT4D projects. A number of ICT4D projects have not adequately noted the dynamics of the "dual economy" in the rural areas where majority of such projects focuses and the "dual economy" challenges in the cities: CBD, suburban and slums. The intuitive billing system being explored in this paper hopes to contextualise one of such socio-economic challenge. Billing solutions have been proffered for traditional wireless networks, however these solutions have failed to explored the hybrid of wireless network and wireless mesh network. More so in the context of a deployable, reusable solution for young entrepreneurs in the informal sector of the dual economy Intuitive billing systems therefore provide insight and a way forward for a solution that could be used to address network access and billing for an hybrid wireless infrastructure and mesh network. Also, a solution that has low start up initial costing outlay, is well documented, and easy to use. The billing solution will also integrate billing for both data (in time and megabyte) and voice (VoIP)

New research directions will lead to fundamental changes in the design of future WiFi networks. However, with an explosion of wireless mobile applications and services, there are still some challenges on the spectrum crisis and high energy consumption. Wireless system designers have been facing the continuously increasing demand for high data rates and spectrum sharing required by new wireless applications and therefore have started research on future WiFi wireless technologies that are expected to be deployed beyond 2020. In this article we propose WiFi key technologies and there prospective: WiFi CERTIFIED TM ac and Wi Fi CERTIFIED passpoint TM. Also represent super WiFi such as WiGig solution, White Fi, HetNets and Cognitive Fi. Future applications and services facing these potential technologies are also discussed.

New research directions will lead to fundamental changes in the design of future WiFi networks. However,
with an explosion of wireless mobile applications and services, there are still some challenges on the
spectrum crisis and high energy consumption. Wireless system designers have been facing the continuously
increasing demand for high data rates and spectrum sharing required by new wireless applications and
therefore have started research on future WiFi wireless technologies that are expected to be deployed
beyond 2020. In this article we propose WiFi key technologies and there prospective: WiFi CERTIFIEDTM
ac and Wi Fi CERTIFIED passpointTM . Also represent super WiFi such as WiGig solution, White Fi,
HetNets and Cognitive Fi. Future applications and services facing these potential technologies are also
discussed.

Technology goes ahead exponentially with each year whether we do something or not. With the same speed engineers work hard to reduce the size of every electronic device or component and loose most of the wiring. If you look back 20 years ago a device was called portable if you could rise it in your arms and carry up. Today nothing is portable if it can't fit in your pocket. Nowadays devices, either they are made for regular or industrial use, are based on wireless communication technology and the main reason is not to get rid of wires, but to be able to interconnect between them. Meanwhile buying a wireless device became natural for everyone and price for Wi-Fi Ready equipment lowered with time passing. While you read this, a WiFi microchip has no more than 5mm length and can be powered with as low as 10 micro Amps during sleep period. In this article we are going to test one of the cheapest and easy to use WiFi development platform, the ESP8266 Arduino compatible device. 1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT Nowadays, everything is moving toward the Internet of Things (IoT). Devices employ microchips connected to the internet. A lot of work is put in place when dealing with the manual configuration of devices. With this module, many IoT projects can be performed, one including the transmission of audio signals over a great distance, even up to 1 km.

—In order to efficiently support the Machine-to-Machine (M2M) and Internet of Things (IoT) applications, a new amendment for the Wi-Fi standard known as IEEE 802.11ah is introduced. In 802.11ah (or Wi-Fi HaLow), several enhanced MAC features are added in order to provide scalability for a large number of stations, increase the range of operation, while at the same time reduce the energy consumption compared to the existing Wi-Fi standards. In this paper, a Verilog RTL implementation of the new standard is presented. It is suitable for IoT, M2M, V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle) applications, and smart grids that require long battery life and long range reliability. Software simulations using Xilinx Vivado are also provided to verify the design. The design is then synthesized using the same tool, and performance, power, and area are reported.

This paper discusses the need for both a series of electronic tools and procedural changes to the evidence collection process to accommodate the possibilities of wireless technologies. 802.11-based wireless technologies in particular pose an issue to the collection of electronic evidence, as devices that appear isolated may be wirelessly accessed during the collection phase, leading to after-seizure communications and a tampering of evidence in custody.

This paper presents a design and prototype implementation of new home automation system that uses WiFi technology as a network infrastructure connecting its parts. The proposed system consists of two main components; the first part is the server (web server), which presents system core that manages, controls, and monitors users' home. Users and system administrator can locally (LAN) or remotely (internet) manage and control system code. Second part is hardware interface module, which provides appropriate interface to sensors and actuator of home automation system. Unlike most of available home automation system in the market the proposed system is scalable that one server can manage many hardware interface modules as long as it exists on WiFi network coverage. System supports a wide range of home automation devices like power management components, and security components. The proposed system is better from the scalability and flexibility point of view than the commercially avai...

This document is the core of my work regarding our network project.
The essential objective of this document is to design and implement IP network of a company.
During my work, the first mission was to realize comparative analysis to look for the most suitable type of cable to construct an adequate network for the whole company building. Then, i realize also a comparative study to choose the right switch and router to set up the LAN architecture building located in Casablanca, then the WAN architecture that is located between Casablanca and Rabat, and Finally I reinforced my architecture using multiple security protocols, all this work is represented with PACKET TRACER software.
Keywords: cabling, LAN, WAN, security, PACKET TRACER…

Wireless Networking has become an important area of research in industry and academics in recent years. The main objectives of this paper are to gain knowledge about the WiMAX technology, its security and application. WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) technology is based upon the IEEE 802.16 standard (IEEE Wireless MAN Air Interface) which enables wireless broadband services anytime, anywhere. The WiMAX specification provides symmetrical bandwidth over large area and range with stronger encryption and typically less interference. WiMAX based system can be used to transmission of signal over maximum 50 km. WiMAX outdistances WiFi by miles. WiMAX can deliver high data rate to multiple users. The WiMAX Forum describes WiMAX as " a standards-based technology enabling the delivery of last-mile wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL ". The main goal/purpose of this technology is to deliver wireless communications with quality of service in a secured environment. This standard was developed to deliver line-of-sight (LoS) and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) wireless services between subscriber and base station and to address " last mile " problem.

A wireless technology recently has become our life saver in the communication process and also in sharing of information. Private and public institutions, individuals, businesses, non-profit organisations, government agencies and other corporate have already invested heavily and grown the wireless technology operations. Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), is the common term in the process of connection local area network (LAN) with high frequency wireless. Wi-Fi allows electronic devices to connect to LAN and enables Internet access to devices such as the laptops, smartphone and tablets. Institutions in developing countries already make it possible to connect the LAN and also enable the Wi-Fi to allow the individual to connect their personal devices. However, the better Wi-Fi speed of upload and download provided by the institution, also increase opportunities to achieve their teaching and learning objectives, while the poor infrastructure of Wi-Fi limits the opportunities of achieving learning objectives. This study was conducted from the NorthWest University (NWU) Mafikeng Campus, with the aim to determine the impact of Wi-Fi (as new connectivity designation) in the academic performance of the students in a developing country. The study also determines how many students' use this technology for school related matter and how many use it more for personal reasons than academic. For the purpose of this study, data was collected using quantitative research method through questionnaire. The sample size for this research involved 370 participants. The findings indicate that majority of students find Wi-Fi beneficially to their studies, since it enables them to access Internet in different spot around campus and allow them to submits academic work on time and also enable communication with classmates and lecturers.

Interest in the intelligent transportation system comes from problems caused by traffic congestion and a synergy of new information technology for simulation real time and communications networks. Traffic congestion has been increasing worldwide as a result or increased motorization, urbanization, population growth and changes in population density. Congestion reduces efficiency or transportation infrastructure and increases travel time, air pollution and fuel consumption. Now a day's development of roads has created a new havoc which lead to the increase in the accident cases all across the world, in order to overcome from such a problem, Intelligent Transport System holds a good point. Intelligent Transport System is designed for the urban/state/private road transport organization. The system consists of a backend and a hardware component to provide an integrated solution for the driver console unit, electronic ticking machine passenger information system amid vehicle tracking system. Intelligent Transport System provides a single solution for transport companies to schedule and monitor buses with the help of advance technologies such as GPS, Wi-Fi and GPRS. Intelligent Transport System facilitates better public transport services by considering the bus earning, public safety and security. This paper basically discusses the impact and the various application fields or Intelligent Transport System for road transportation. Also, this paper put forward the implementation or various transportation technologies that will be vital for homeland security, vehicular surveillance along with technologies that can make our ride more safe and economical.

Alhamdullilah, puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT yang telah memberi rahmat, karunia, serta kasih sayang terbesar-Nya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan laporan tugas besar dengan judul “NodeMCU ESP8266 WIFI DEAUTHER”
            Laporan ini disusun bertujuan untuk memenuhi tugas mata kuliah Tugas Besar. Selain itu sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dan memotivasi siswa dalam menyusun karya tulis.
            Penulis menyadari bahwa masih terdapat banyak kekurangan dan keterbatasan dalam penyusunan lapran tugas besar ini. Oleh karena itu, penulis mengharapkan saran dan kritik dari pembaca sekalian demi memperbaiki  laporan tugas besar ini dalam penulisan lain di kemudian hari.
Semoga laporan tugas besar ini dapat mendatangkan manfaat bagi kita semua. Sekian dan terimakasih.

Differential relays are simple, reliable and widely used type of protection scheme that are very much suitable for electrical system or equipment protection. The relays use pilot wires to find the ‘difference’ but the pilot wire itself creates so many problems. To eliminate the problems, in this paper an IoT based wireless current differential protection system is proposed based on Wi-Fi communication and is implemented as a small project work and has also been tested for the protection of a pseudo power system network. The work done here is a small project but with a small update this can be used for real life power system protection.

Technology is making rapid progress and is making many things easier. As the innovative thinking of persons is increasing day-by-day, new methods for wireless networking has been evolved of which our present topic Wi-Fi is the most accepted technology. Wi-Fi, an acronym for Wireless-Fidelity which is the wireless way to handle networking. The main aim of this paper is wireless networking achieved by WiFi. This paper introduces Wi-Fi technology and states the history of this technology in brief. We then deal with the different ways of wireless networking, connecting wi-fi and with wi-fi security. This paper concludes with the pros and cons of this technology and it’s future.

Online marketing will be a major market in the future years.But as the technology updates towards internet of things , A smart secured delivery system should be proposed at the customer side. This smart system should be convenient and less time consuming and secured to house the parcel received. The delivery date is updated to the customer but the time is unknown because of handling multi delivery by single delivery man.Customer or authenticated person should be present at home the entire day to collect the ordered parcel item. Further the returning of parcel is a tedious job making the customer or authenticated person to be present at home during the process. This approach is time consuming ,wastage of human hours and resources if the customer is not present at home

Technology is no longer judged by its technical brilliance, but by the return on investment (both tangible and intangible). This in turn, is dictated by the killer application for that technology. Wireless Networks fit into this because the technology has been around long enough and can provide enough benefits to be seriously considered for deployment.
At the enterprise, it provides communication support for mobile computing. It overcomes and, in fact, annihilates the physical limitation of wired networks in terms of adaptability to a variation in demand.
Mobility is another feature by wireless. Mobile users can be truly mobile, in that hey don’t need to be bound to their seats when connecting to the network. Mobility, however is not only associated with users, it’s also associated with the infrastructure itself. You can have a wireless network up and running in no time, a boon for people who need to do it for exhibitions, events, etc.
This leads to other provision of wireless, that of scalability. It really helps in extending your network. It also becomes important if an enterprise has a rented office and needs to shift to a new place. At home, the need for wireless is more to do with ubiquitous computing.
Wi-Fi, or wireless fidelity, is freedom: it allows you to connect to the internet from your couch at home, a bed in a hotel room, or a conference room at work without wires. It is a wireless technology like cell phones, Wi-Fi enabled computers send and receive data indoors and outdoors; anywhere within the range of the base station. And the best thing of all, Wi-Fi is fast. In fact, it’s several times faster than the fastest cable modem connection.
Wireless technology, therefore is really happening, and should be seriously considered. The following presentation explains wireless LANs, choice of wireless technologies., how wi-fi works?, examples & it’s supporting systems, security issue , wireless-Lan configuration & finally advantages & disadvantages of  wifi.

With rapid progress in the field of radio technology, Wireless networks have grown to have many beneficial features, the main one is MOBILITY. The downside of these networks is susceptibility to attacks, which has persisted since the very beginning. Therefore, it is a major concern to secure these networks! This paper focuses on securing WiFi networks both domestic & Industrial.

The search for faster internet connection is ceaseless and the need for new technologies and techniques is always on rise. Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) is an inconceivable asset, but it is still limited, and as connectivity spreads, both across the world and throughout the Internet of Things (IoT), issues will emerge if WiFi is our exclusive alternative. So, in 2011, a Light Fidelity (LiFi) was introduced such that the speed is over 1 Giga bytes per second (Gbps), that is 100 times faster than the speed of WiFi we are utilizing as of now. The speed of LiFi is additionally anticipated that would achieve 3 to 5 Gbps making it perfect for IoT and to wipe out the constraints and limitations with WiFi technology. In this paper, we discuss the idea of integrating IoT and LiFi, as well as identified the challenges and opportunities of the integrated system to build novel and smart solutions.

This paper reports the design and development of a smart wireless sensor network (WSN) for an agricultural environment. Monitoring agricultural environments for various factors such as temperature and humidity along with other factors can be of significance. The ability to document and detail changes in parameters of interest has become increasingly valuable. Investigations were performed for a remote monitoring system using WiFi, where the wireless sensor nodes are based on WSN802G modules. These nodes send data wirelessly to a central server, which collects the data, stores it and allows it to be analyzed and displayed as needed.

La démocratisation des réseaux Wi-Fi a grandement simplifié le déploiement des infrastructures domestiques et professionnelles. Même si cette évolution est extrêmement positive, gardons-nous de penser que cette technologie est exempte de défauts. Contrairement aux réseaux filaires qui ne peuvent être attaqué que de façon distante, depuis Internet, un réseau sans fil pourra toujours être pénétré localement.

Abstrak. Perkembangan pendidikan yang memerlukan setiap pelajar menggunakan kemudahan internet dalam mengakses ilmu pengetahuan selain daripada pengajaran dan pembelajaran di dalam bilik kuliah memaksa sesuatu institusi menyediakan kemudahan internet yang mudah alih pada tahap yang maksimum agar selari dengan keadaan terkini dalam dunia pendidikan. Namun, terdapat masalah liputan kemudahan internet tanpa wayar di kawasan kampus Politeknik Melaka. Oleh itu, kajian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui tentang keadaan kemudahan internet tanpa wayar yang telah tersedia di kawasan kampus, mengetahui aktiviti yang dijalankan dalam menggunakan kemudahan tersebut serta kesan penggunaan internet tanpa wayar terhadap proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran pelajar itu. Kajian ini menggunakan soalan kaji selidik yang diedarkan kepada pelajar-pelajar. Daripada soal selidik tersebut, keputusan menunjukkan tahap liputan kemudahan internet tanpa wayar adalah pada tahap sederhana iaitu nilai min adalah 2.86, manakala bagi mengetahui aktiviti utama yang dijalankan dengan menggunakan internet adalah tanpa wayar menunjukkan aktiviti utama pelajar adalah melayari internet. Keputusan kajian Bahagian D menunjukkan nilainya adalah pada tahap sederhana juga. Ini menunjukkan tahap persepsi pelajar terhadap kemudahan internet tanpa wayar di Politeknik Melaka adalah memuaskan. Namun pihak pengurusan perlu mengambil kira untuk meningkatkan keupayaan kemudahan ini di kawasan kampus kerana penggunaan internet makin meluas dalam banyak perkara. Kata Kunci: persepsi, kemudahan internet tanpa wayar, politeknik __________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. PENGENALAN Revolusi perkembangan teknologi maklumat menunjukkan komputer adalah satu alat yang begitu penting dalam menyelesaikan sesuatu tugasan dengan baik serta menyelesaikan mana-mana masalah tertentu. Dengan perkembangan yang begitu pesat ini, institusi pendidikan sama ada awam atau swasta juga perlu mengikut arus kemajuan penggunaan komputer dalam menyiapkan projek, laporan serta tugasan yang diberikan oleh para pengajar. Malahan, pengenalan awal komputer telah diperkenalkan kepada para pelajar di sekolah rendah bermula darjah empat lagi. Berdasarkan Kementerian Pendidikan(2014), mulai awal 2014 murid Tahun Empat sekolah kebangsaan akan mula belajar tiga subjek baharu, iaitu Reka Bentuk dan Teknologi (RBT), Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi (TMK) dan Sejarah. Mata pelajaran Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi (TMK) adalah fokus kepada penguasaan ilmu dan kemahiran bersesuaian dengan tahap kebolehan murid sekolah kebangsaan dalam lima modul, iaitu dunia komputer, eksplorasi multimedia, sistem rangkaian dan dunia internet, dunia pangkalan data serta pengaturcaraan. Oleh itu kita dapat lihat bahawa penggunaan komputer adalah penting dan kemahiran menggunakan komputer perlu diterapkan kepada semua tidak kira kecil besar tua dan muda. Selari perkembangan komputer, kehadiran internet telah mengubah cara pembelajaran pelajar pada masa kini dan kemudahan internet itu dapat membawa kesan positif kerana ia

The Ultra Wide-Band (UWB, IEEE 802.15.3) and the Wi-Fi(IEEE 802.11) are two wireless protocols for short range communication. With the revitalizing of the UWB technology, the Wi-Fi technology faces a blatant threat of being surpassed in the near future. In this paper, the overview of each of the technologies and the comparison of Ultra Wide-Band and Wi-Fi will be discussed. Also the scenario for the coexistence of the technologies is presented briefly in the paper.

De nos jours, la technologie de réseau sans fil est incontournable car elle fournit la possibilité d’accéder à ses informations personnelles ou professionnelles partout et à tout moment. Dans un contexte d’exigences croissantes en matière de réseau sans fil de rapidité et de sécurité, la norme du Wifi est en constante optimisation. Aujourd’hui par exemple, la technologie 802.11n offre un débit pouvant atteindre 300 Mbps, soit six fois plus élevé que le débit fourni par les réseaux sans fil 802.11 a/b/g.

ABSTRAK
Penggunaan jaringan pada saat ini sudah mengalami kemajuan yang sangat pesat dan telah banyak dimanfaatkan. Dalam teknologi komunikasi, terdapat dua media transmisi yang berperan penting. Pertama media kabel, dimana dalam media ini alat komunikasinya menggunakan jaringan kabel untuk berkomunikasi. Kedua media wireless, dimana dalam media ini terdapat dua alat agar dapat berkomunikasi yaitu access point dan wireless card. Perkembangan teknologi akses internet telah mencapai tahapan yang dapat menggabungkan layanan data suara dan gambar secara bersamaan dengan memanfaatkan media akses berbasis wireless. Sesuatu yang akan mempermudah pengelolahan terhadap salah satu media akses wireless yang sering disebut dengan HOTSPOT.
Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) adalah jaringan komputer yang menggunakan gelombang radio sebagai media transmisi data. Informasi (data) ditransfer dari satu komputer ke komputer lain menggunakan gelombang radio. Salah satu Perkembangan WLAN terbaru adalah penggunaan teknologi Hotspot dalam berkoneksi internet, untuk membangun suatu sistem jaringan dalam suatu tempat tertentu yang memiliki jangkauan yang cukup luas. Sistem ini dikembangkan menggunakan mikrotik router sehingga menjadi sebuah hotspot . Sistem ini menjadikan komputer menjadi router network yang handal dimana jaringan yang dibuat bersifat nirkabel yang dapat digunakan oleh orang banyak pada suatu tempat tertentu.
Jaringan wifi yang baik memerlukan standar acuan agar dapat mempertahankan kinerjanya. Parameter kinerja wi fi yaitu pengguaan frekuensi, bandwidth. Dalam penelitian ini, Performansi jaringan wifi yang baik adalah apabila user atau pengguna mendapatkan frekuensi yang digunakan dan bandwidth yang disewanya. Standar bandwidth per user 32 - 128 kbps dan 32 - 256 kbps. Hasil pengukuran bandwidth 128 mendapat 121 kbps dan bandwidth 256 mendapat 241 kbps, maka hasil pengukuran dinyatakan bagus.
Kata kunci: Jaringan Wifi, Akses Point, WLAN, Frekuensi, Bandwidth
ABSTRACT
Network usage at this time has experienced a very rapid progress and has been widely utilized. In communication technology, there are two transmission medium that plays an important role. First media cable, which in this media tool communication network using a wired network to communicate. Both wireless media, which in this medium there are two tools in order to be able to communicate with the access point and wireless cards. The development of internet access technologies have reached a stage that can combine data services sound and picture simultaneously by utilizing media access based wireless. Something that will make it easier to pengelolahan one media wireless access is commonly referred to with HOTSPOT.
Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) is a computer network that uses radio waves as transmission media data. Information (data) transferred from one computer to another computer using radio waves. One of the latest WLAN Developments is the use of technology in a free internet Hotspot. to build a network system in a specific place that has a range that is quite extensive. The system was developed using mikrotik router so that it becomes a hotspot. This system makes the computer into the router network is reliable where the wireless network is created that can be used by many people in a specific place.
Network of wifi good requires a standard reference to be able to maintain its performance. Parameters performance wi fi namely pengguaan the frequency, bandwidth. In the research, performansi tissue wifi good are if user or users get frequencies used and bandwidth in rented. Standard bandwidth per user 32 - 128 kbps and 32 - 256 kbps. Measurement result bandwidth 128 received 121 kbps and bandwidth 256 kbps 241 got, then measurement result expressed good
Keywords: Network Hotspot, Access Point, WLAN, Frequency, Bandwidth

This paper discusses the need for both a series of electronic tools and procedural changes to the evidence collection process to accommodate the possibilities of wireless technologies. 802.11-based wireless technologies in particular pose an issue to the collection of electronic evidence, as devices that appear isolated may be wirelessly accessed during the collection phase, leading to after-seizure communications and a tampering of evidence in custody.

Internet Service Provider (ISP). SCIS adopts the wireless broadband last mile access as an inexpensive solution, in order to compromise cost, high demand, and Quality of Service (QoS) factors. SCIS has WiFi and WiMAX networks for last mile access. In this work the existing WiFi and WiMAX networks of SCIS are modeled using OPNET modeler. The modeled networks are extensively analysed to investigate their performance for several types of delay sensitive and delay insensitive applications. These applications are Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), video streaming, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP). The performance of the modeled existing networks is evaluated in terms of several evaluating criteria; these are Delay, Jitter, Download Response Time, Page Response Time, and Throughput. All analyses are performed under the impact of free space propagation model. Accordingly, proposed modifications to existing modeled networks, to improve their performance, are presented in this work. For both WiFi and WiMAX networks, End-to-End QoS Mapping (E2EQM) schemes are applied. E2EQM scheme works based on internetworking between Differentiated Services (DiffServ); which is a layer three QoS architecture technique, and the QoS technique which is supported either by WiFi or by WiMAX. Decreased delay of 44 % and increased throughput of 5 % for SCIS WiFi network overall performance improvements are obtained. While for SCIS WiMAX network, a decreased delay of 45 % and increased throughput of 14 % are obtained as overall performance improvements. Other performance improvements are also obtained for both networks when II applying the E2EQM scheme after comprehensive analyses and comparisons being performed. Moreover, the improved WiMAX network is proposed for further modification to enhance its performance under increased demand circumstances. The modification is performed by adopting 10 MHz bandwidth instead of 5 MHz that is already used. This modification shows increased enhancement for the overall performance of the proposed network.

Differential relays are simple, reliable and widely used type of protection scheme that are very much suitable for electrical system or equipment protection. The relays use pilot wires to find the 'difference' but the pilot wire itself creates so many problems. To eliminate the problems, in this paper an IoT based wireless current differential protection system is proposed based on Wi-Fi communication and is implemented as a small project work and has also been tested for the protection of a pseudo power system network. The work done here is a small project but with a small update this can be used for real life power system protection. Keywords-Differential relay, Compact Module, IoT, Wi-Fi, Pilot wire, Adafruit IO. , ,1752'8&7,21 ,Q .HYLQ $VKWRQ ILUVW LQWURGXFHG WKH FRQFHSW RI ,QWHUQHW RI 7KLQJV ,R7 LQ >@ ,R7 LV WKH LQWHUFRQQHFWLYLW\ RU LQIRUPDWLRQ VKDULQJ EHWZHHQ UHDO RU SK\VLFDO REMHFWV RU WKLQJV >@ 7KLV LV WKH LQWHUFRQQHFWLRQ ³LQWHUQHW´ RI UHDO OLIH REMHFWV ³WKLQJV´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µIDXOW ¶ 3LORW ZLUHV DUH WKH FRQQHFWLQJ ZLUHV EHWZHHQ WKH WZR RU PRUH GLIIHUHQWLDO TXDQWLW\ PHDVXULQJ GHYLFHV &7V 7KH µSLORW ZLUHV ¶ DUH XVHG WR GHWHUPLQH WKH GLIIHUHQFH EHWZHHQ WKH HQWHULQJ DQG OHDYLQJ FXUUHQWV ,Q IDXOW WKH µGLIIHUHQFH ¶ FXUUHQW IORZV WKURXJK WKH RYHU FXUUHQW UHOD\ DQG WKH UHOD\ RSHUDWHV %XW XQIRUWXQDWHO\ WKH SLORW ZLUH LWVHOI LV D SUREOHP 7KH LPSHGDQFH RI WKH SLORW ZLUH LV D SUREOHP 7KLV LPSHGDQFH HYHQ LQ µQR IDXOW ¶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µLPSOHPHQWHG ¶ DV D SUDFWLFDO SURMHFW RU SURWRW\SH XVLQJ $UGXLQR &XUUHQW VHQVRU 5HOD\ ERDUG DQG 1RGH0FX :L)L PRGXOH)LJ 6LPSOH $UUDQJHPHQW IRU &XUUHQW 'LIIHUHQWLDO 5HOD\ ,, /,67 2) &20321(17 A. Arduino Uno R3 $UGXLQR LV QRWKLQJ EXW D PLFURFRQWUROOHU EDVHG GHYHORSPHQW ERDUG ZLWK VRPH H[WHQGHG XVHU IULHQGO\ DQG VLPSOHU FKDUDFWHULVWLFV B. Current Sensor ACS712 (30 A) 7KH &XUUHQW VHQVRUV LQ WKLV SURMHFW DUH SOD\LQJ WKH UROH RI &7V XVHG WR PHDVXUH FXUUHQW RQ WKH ERWK VLGHV RI WKH SURWHFWHG ]RQH DV LQ)LJ 7KH &XUUHQW VHQVRUV $&6 ZRUN RQ WKH EDVLV RI +DOO (IIHFW 6R IURP WKH VHQVRU ZH JHW D YROWDJH RXWSXW SURSRUWLRQDO WR WKH LQSXW FXUUHQW C. ESP8266 NodeMCU Lua WiFi module (ESP-12E) 7KLV LV DOVR D GHYHORSPHQW ERDUG OLNH WKH $UGXLQR EXW ZLWK OHVV FDSDELOLW\ 7KH VSHFLDO IHDWXUH RI WKLV LV WKH LQWHJUDWHG RQ ERDUG (63 :L)L PRGXOH 7KLV PRGXOH DOORZV FRPSOHWH :L)L FRQQHFWLYLW\ DQG FRPPXQLFDWLRQ D. Relay Module (5 V) 5HOD\ PRGXOHV DUH LPSRUWDQW IRU PDNLQJ DQG EUHDNLQJ HOHFWULFDO FLUFXLWV PDJQHWLFDOO\ 7KLV PRGXOH LV FRPSRVHG RI 5HOD\ DQG &LUFXLW EUHDNHU E. Adafruit IO Web Server 6HUYHU LV D SODFH ZKHUH ZH FDQ VWRUH GDWD DQG XVH WKH VWRUHG GDWD ZKHQHYHU QHHGHG :HE VHUYHU LV DQ LQWHUQHW FRQQHFWHG VHUYHU WKDW FDQ EH DFFHVVHG WKURXJK LQWHUQHW 0G)DWLQ ,VKUDTXH 0G 0DPXQXU 5DVKLG 6N$ 6KH]DQ

Diera yang serba modern sekarang ini perkembangan dunia teknologi sangatlah maju, maka dari itu kita harus bisa beradaptasi dengan perkembangan tersebut. Hal tersebut agar kita tidak gaptek, terlebih lagi semenjak kemunculan smartphone berbasis Android. Sistem operasi buatan google tersebut sangatlah banayak di minati oleh pengguna ponsel saat ini, khususnya di Indonesia. Pihak google telah membenamkan fitur serta technology yang sangat canggih, dan juga ribuan aplikasi di smartphone android tersebut. Mulai dari internetan, edit foto, dan juga bermain game. Teknology tersebut juga di irngi dengan perkembangan internet yang sudah merata bahkan di pelosok-pelosok juga sudah bisa merasakan manfaatnya internet. Dengan internet kita bisa mengetahui berita seluruh dunia dengan cepat, dan juga kita bisa melakukan interaksi dengan banyak orang di dunia ini. Akan tetapi untuk bisa menggunakan internet kita membutuhkan paket data dan juga jaringan internet. Tentunya kita harus mengeluarkan uang untuk membeli paket data tersbeut, mungkin buat sebagian orang banayk yang mencari wifi gratis agar bisa mengakses internet. Maka dari itu, kami akan sajikan ulasan singkat dan lengkap mengenai " cara bobol / mengetahui wifi orang lain "