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What Strategies Help To Promote The Health of Individuals?

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B E T T E R H E A LT H F O R I N D I V I D U A L S C H A P T E R 3

Summary The WHO is a global organisation that


provides policy direction for its members. Its
strongest focus is on health for women and
What strategies help to health in Africa.
promote the health of Health promotion approaches include the
individuals? lifestyle/behavioural approach, the preventive
medical approach and the public health
Health promotion is a complex process of
approach.
changing health behaviours by changing
social conditions and environments. The lifestyle approach is limited by its focus
Health promotion is about actions that on individual behaviours.
prevent health problems before they develop The preventive medical approach is limited by
rather than treating them after they have its medical and health system focus.
developed.
The public health approach addresses the
Health promotion requires cooperative action social determinants of health and has the
between individuals, schools, community
capacity for greater influence on health.
groups, all levels of government, non-
government organisations, the media and The Ottawa Charter provides a set of
the private sector. guidelines for the public health approach
Individuals have the responsibility to learn, to health promotion. It establishes a set of
participate and advocate for better health. conditions prerequisite to health and uses a
Community groups and schools are in a framework based on five action areas.
special position to understand the needs of Significant improvements have been made in
their residents and provide opportunities for the areas of tobacco use and road safety as
them to improve their health. a result of addressing the social determinants
Non-government organisations can work in that have contributed to their growth as
collaboration with governments to provide health issues in Australia.
resources and to advocate for change.
The principles of social justice include equity,
Three levels of government need to
diversity and supportive environments. These
work together to achieve the best health
principles are important in the effort to
outcomes. The federal government provides
funding and direction, state governments overcome disadvantage and support people
deliver services and implement strategies. with fewer resources to achieve positive
Local governments have different capacity to health outcomes.
deliver health promotion programs.

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Copyright 2010 McGraw-Hill Australia. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use.

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