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    Mech ANM 2019R1 WS04A-Hyper

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    Dong LI
    Hyper

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    Mech ANM 2019R1 WS04A-Hyper

    Uploaded by

    Dong LI
    60 views27 pages
    Hyper

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    Mech_ANM_2019R1_WS04A-Hyper

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    Hyper

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    60 views27 pages

    Mech ANM 2019R1 WS04A-Hyper

    Uploaded by

    Dong LI
    Hyper

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 27

    Workshop 4A: Hyperelastic

    Curve Fitting
    ANSYS Mechanical Nonlinear
    Materials
    Release 2019 R1

    1 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Goal
    ‐ Use curve-fitting tool to create a hyperelastic material model from test
    data.
    ‐ Analyze 3d tensile rubber test specimen
    ‐ Plot and graph results

    Image courtesy of Axel Products, Inc.


    http://www.axelproducts.com/

    2 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Model Description
    ‐ 3D large deflection with nonlinear material (hyperelastic)
    ‐ Three planes of symmetry (1/8th of the actual model)

    Loads and Boundary Conditions:


    ‐ Frictionless supports on each plane of symmetry
    ‐ Displacement load to elongate one end.

    3 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Steps to Follow:
    File > Open… browse for file “WS4A-hyper.wbpz”

    Save as
    ‐ File name: “WS4A-hyper”
    ‐ Save as type: Workbench Project Files (*.wbpj)

    4 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    The project Schematic should look like the picture to the right.
    ‐ From this Schematic, you can see that Engineering (material)
    Data and Geometry have already been defined (green check
    marks).
    ‐ It remains to set up and run the FE model in Mechanical

    ‐ Highlight the Engineering Data Cell and open by clicking on the


    Right Mouse Button (RMB)=>Edit to verify the default linear
    material properties.
    ‐ Verify that the units are in Metric (Tonne,mm,…) system. If not,
    change this by clicking on…
    ➢ Utility Menu=>Units=>Metric(Tonne, mm,…)

    5 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Click on ‘Project Tab’


    Double click on the Model Cell to open the FE Model (Mechanical Session) (or
    RMB=>Edit…)

    6 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Open the folders beneath the model branch to become familiar with the model set-up.
    • Confirm the three frictionless boundary conditions.
    • Confirm the displacement load of 19mm on the far end.

    7 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Preview the mesh:

    The mesh should be swept with hexahedral elements

    8 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Introduce hyperelastic material test data


    ‐ Return to the Project Schematic
    ‐ Open the Engineering Data Cell
    ‐ Highlight the“Structural Steel” material and RMB duplicate.

    ‐ Change the name of the duplicated material to “Elastomer” and the


    description to “test specimen”

    ‐ Verify metric units are active

    9 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    With the Elastomer material highlighted, insert hyperelastic material test data
    ‐ From the Toolbox, expand the “Hyperelastic Experimental Data” Folder
    ‐ Highlight “Uniaxial Test Data”, RMB>Include Property
    ‐ Repeat for:
    – Biaxial Test Data
    – Shear Test Data

    10 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Become familiar with the property tables and chart


    a. Properties Outline Dialogue box should now include three additional cells for the hyperelastic test data
    b. The Table of Properties represents the data for the cell that is highlighted in “a”.
    c. The Engineering Data Chart is a graphical display of the tabulated data in “b”.

    c
    Note: a
    The question mark next to
    each cell indicates that no
    data has been read in yet
    11 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.
    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Read in material test data


    ‐ Browse for and open “tension-uni.xls”
    - This spread sheet contains two columns of data that represent uniaxial strain-stress data
    ‐ Highlight the two columns and copy them with ‘Ctrl-C’

    ‐ Return to the “Table of Properties Row 9: Uniaxial Test Data” in the Engineering
    Data Cell
    - Highlight the asterisk * at the bottom of the Uniaxial Test Data Table and RMB>Paste to
    the insert data

    12 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    The Table of Properties should now display the Uniaxial Test Data in tabular form. The Chart should
    display of the data in graphical form.

    13 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Repeat procedure for biaxial test data and shear test data using excel files ‘tension-eb.xls’
    and ‘tension-pt.xls’ respectively.

    14 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    From the Toolbox, open the Hyperelasticity Folder and highlight “Yeoh 3rd Order with RMB> Include Property.
    ‐ You should now see a Yeoh 3rd order cell in the Properties Dialogue box with undefined constants; hence, the
    question mark.

    15 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Execute “Solve Curve Fit”.


    ‐ Expand the Yeoh 3rd Order Cell
    ‐ Highlight the Curve Fitting Cell
    RMB>Solve Curve Fit

    16 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    When complete, the Engineering Data Chart will display all three modes of test data in dot-dash lines.
    Superimposed on this is the predicted Yeoh behavior in solid lines for comparison.

    Note: The Coefficients have been calculated, but no material model has been saved to the Engineering Data yet. This is
    by design. If you are not satisfied with the resulting curve fit, you can try other functions, or perhaps suppress a less
    dominate mode of loading and rerun the curve fitting routine for a better result.
    17 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.
    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Change the Error Norm from “Normalized Error” to “Absolute Error” and run the curve fitting routine again.
    ‐ Recall the normalized error approach gives equal weight to all data points while the absolute error approach gives
    more weight to larger strain values.
    ➢ This results in a slightly improved curve fit at higher strain values.

    18 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Once a successful curve fit is achieved, copy the data to the Engineering properties
    ‐ Highlight “Curve Fitting” RMB> ”Copy Calculated Values to Property”
    – The Yeoh coefficients are now copied to the Properties Table. Notice the “D” parameters are all zero.
    This is in keeping with the assumption that the material will be fully incompressible if no volumetric
    strain data is read into the curve fitter.

    19 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    • Click on ‘Project Tab’


    • From the Utility Menu: Click on “Refresh Project”

    • Return to the Mechanical Session and highlight the 3


    bodies that make up this part and change the default
    material assignment from “Structural Steel” to
    “Elastomer”

    20 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Return to the Mechanical Session and specify Analysis Settings as shown below:

    Turn on Auto Time Stepping

    Specify enough substeps


    to enhance convergence

    Turn on Large Deflection

    Execute the Solve


    21 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.
    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Model converges very nicely in less then 20 iterations

    22 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Post process results (i.e. deformation, stress, strain,…etc).

    23 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Select Vertex as shown and insert results to post process stress and strain along x direction

    Vertex for user defined post processing

    Insert a normal strain result to access the


    elastic strain result along X axis
    Insert a normal stress result to access SX result

    24 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Add chart tool and insert elastic strain along X axis and SX results as objects for plotting stress vs strain as shown
    below.

    Q. Why doesn’t this curve match up exactly with the tensile test data curve?
    A. The test data is engineering stress-strain, the results are post processed as true stress-strain.
    25 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.
    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Change the displacement load to 50mm and re-run the solution.


    ‐ Model still converges without trouble in less then 20 iterations, no bisections, even though the loading is outside of
    the bounds of the original test data.

    26 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    … Workshop 4A - Hyperelastic Curve Fitting

    Notice the dramatic stress stiffening effects at higher strain values, a common characteristic of most
    elastomers.

    27 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.

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