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    Mech BSN 2019R3 EN WS05.1

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    cananbudak540
    This document describes a workshop activity where students will define a nonlinear metal plasticity material model for a belleville spring geometry and simulate the plastic deformation and spring back effect. The workshop involves setting up an ANSYS model with the spring geometry and materials, applying and removing a displacement load in multiple steps, and analyzing the stress, strain, and force-deflection results.

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    Mech BSN 2019R3 EN WS05.1

    Uploaded by

    cananbudak540
    4 views29 pages
    This document describes a workshop activity where students will define a nonlinear metal plasticity material model for a belleville spring geometry and simulate the plastic deformation and spring back effect. The workshop involves setting up an ANSYS model with the spring geometry and materials, applying and removing a displacement load in multiple steps, and analyzing the stress, strain, and force-deflection results.

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    Mech_BSN_2019R3_EN_WS05.1

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    This document describes a workshop activity where students will define a nonlinear metal plasticity material model for a belleville spring geometry and simulate the plastic deformation and spring back effect. The workshop involves setting up an ANSYS model with the spring geometry and materials, applying and removing a displacement load in multiple steps, and analyzing the stress, strain, and force-deflection results.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    4 views29 pages

    Mech BSN 2019R3 EN WS05.1

    Uploaded by

    cananbudak540
    This document describes a workshop activity where students will define a nonlinear metal plasticity material model for a belleville spring geometry and simulate the plastic deformation and spring back effect. The workshop involves setting up an ANSYS model with the spring geometry and materials, applying and removing a displacement load in multiple steps, and analyzing the stress, strain, and force-deflection results.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 29

    Workshop 05.

    1:
    Metal Plasticity

    ANSYS Mechanical Basic Structural


    Nonlinearities
    2019 R3

    All rights reserved. For personal use only.


    Unauthorized use, distribution, or duplication is prohibited.
    1 1 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.
    Introduction
    Goal:
    • Define a nonlinear metal plasticity material for a belleville spring geometry
    and simulate “spring back” upon application of and subsequent removal of a
    displacement load.
    • Postprocess stress and strain results
    • Generate a force vs. deflection curve for the spring.

    2 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Model Description
    2D axisymmetric geometry
    • The spring material is ductile steel and sandwiched between two rigid
    surfaces.
    • Frictionless contact is assumed between the spring and the rigid geometries.

    Displaced rigid boundary

    2D axisymmetric
    centerline Belleville spring

    Fixed rigid boundary

    3 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Project Startup
    Steps to Follow:
    • Start an ANSYS Workbench session.
    • Use File > Open… to browse for existing file
    “SNLWS05.1-belleville.wbpz”

    File name: “WS05.1-belleville”


    Save as type: Project Files (*.wbpj)

    4 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Project Schematic
    The project Schematic should look like this
    • From this Schematic, you can see that Engineering
    Data and Geometry have already been defined
    (green check marks).
    • It remains to set up and run the FE model in
    Mechanical.
    • Edit the Engineering Data cell and verify the linear
    material properties.
    • Verify that the units are set to
    Metric (tonne,mm,s,…).

    5 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Launching Mechanical
    Return to the Project Page.
    Edit the Model cell to open the FE Model in Mechanical.

    6 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Model Description
    Expand the folders below the model branch
    to become familiar with the model setup.
    Highlight “Geometry” and refer to the
    details window to verify that this is a 2D
    axisymmetric model.
    Inspect the two asymmetric frictionless
    contact regions on top and bottom of spring
    which interface with top and bottom rigid
    boundaries.
    Inspect the no-separation contact region
    which ties down the spring at the bottom
    corner to prevent rigid body motion during
    unloading.
    7 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.
    Mesh View
    Review the mesh:
    • The upper and lower geometries are meshed with one element each, while
    the belleville spring geometry has a structured mesh.

    8 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Analysis Settings
    This is going to be a 3-step analysis with the bottom
    plate fixed:
    LS1: Null Solution (to generate results at origin for
    force-deflection plot)
    LS2: Impose displacement (-5 mm) on upper plate
    LS3: Remove imposed displacement on upper plate
    Confirm the following Analysis Settings:
    • Number of Steps: 3
    • Weak Springs : Off
    • Large Deflection : On
    • For Current Step Number = 1, Auto Time Stepping
    = On and Initial, Minimum, and Maximum
    Substeps = 1 (Null solution)
    • For Current Step Numbers 2 and 3, Auto Time
    Stepping = Program Controlled
    9 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.
    Boundary Conditions
    Review the predefined displacement load on the upper plate for the three load
    steps.

    10 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Solve the Model
    Execute a solution

    After the solution is complete, review the convergence history:

    11 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Results View
    Postprocess Equivalent Stress results
    for Step 2
    • Note how high the stress in the
    spring is at the end of Step 2
    • Recall, this is still linear
    elastic material
    • At Step 3 (not shown), plastic strain
    is zero and there is no permanent
    deformation of the spring upon
    unloading as expected

    12 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Force vs. Deflection
    Create Force vs. Deflection plot for spring
    • With Solution Branch selected, RMB > Insert
    > User Defined Result
    • Scope Geometry to the upper rigid plate
    • Define the expression as “abs(FY)” (for
    absolute value of force in Y-direction) and
    Output Unit as “Force”

    13 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Displacement in UY
    Repeat procedure for Displacement in “UY”

    • Select both User Defined Results, then RMB >


    Rename Based on Definition
    • Select Solution branch, then RMB > Evaluate
    All Results
    14 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.
    Force vs. Deflection
    Insert a Chart object for plotting FY vs UY
    • Fill in Chart Details as follows:
    • Outline Selection: select both User Defined
    Results under the Solution branch
    • X Axis: abs(UY) – End Time (Max)
    • X-Axis Label: Deflection
    • Y-Axis Label: Force
    • Input and Output Quantities: Omit Time,
    [A] abs(Fy) – End Time (Min), and [C]
    abs(UY) – End Time (Min)

    15 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Force vs. Deflection
    • Resulting chart of Force vs Deflection for linear material is a straight line with
    no permanent deformation, as expected.

    16 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Duplicate the Model
    Duplicate the Static Analysis:
    • Return to the Project Schematic
    • Select the Model cell and RMB > Duplicate

    17 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    New Material Properties
    Delete the first data link:
    • The second analysis is going to include an elastic-plastic material, and so will
    require independent Engineering Data
    • Select the Engineering Data link line and RMB > Delete

    18 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    New Material Properties
    The Project Schematic should now look like the illustration below.
    • We can now modify the Engineering Data in Analysis System B without
    effecting the model and/or results of Analysis System A.
    • Rename the new Analysis System to “Belleville Spring-Nonlinear Materials”
    • Edit the Engineering Data Cell in Analysis System B

    19 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Multilinear Isotropic Hardening
    Add an elastic-plastic material model
    • From the Toolbox, expand the Plasticity group
    • Select Multilinear Isotropic Hardening and RMB > Include Property
    • The new material should now appear in the Properties view

    20 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Multilinear Isotropic Hardening
    Define the elastic-plastic material data:
    • Fill in plastic strain vs. stress data as
    shown at right. Check to make sure the
    stress units are correct.

    • Return to the Project Schematic


    • Refresh Project

    21 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Launching Mechanical
    Edit the Model cell in Analysis System B.

    All the geometry objects, meshing specifications, boundary conditions, loads,


    and analysis settings are preserved from the first analysis.

    22 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Analysis Settings
    Select Analysis Settings. For Current Step Number = 2 and Current Step
    Number = 3, specify the following Auto Time Stepping controls:

    Execute a solution

    23 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Results View
    After solution is complete, review Solution Output:
    • Confirm that elastic-plastic material behavior was included in this solution by
    looking for evidence of plastic strain steps

    24 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Force Convergence
    Review the Force Convergence history. Compare with the linear material run.

    25 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Results View
    Postprocess results for Steps 2 and 3:
    • Compare the maximum stress in this material with the linear material
    • Note also that the spring now takes a permanent set after load is removed,
    as expected.

    26 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Force vs. Deflection
    Select the Chart object to plot Force
    vs Deflection as before.
    • Note the nonlinear path of the
    curve reflecting both the
    influence of material yielding and
    the taking of a permanent set.
    • Note also the difference in the
    magnitude of the load required
    to produce the same deflection
    with this material versus the
    linear material, underscoring the
    importance of considering
    nonlinear material behavior in
    some designs.
    27 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.
    Go Further
    To improve the quality of the Force vs Deflection curve, try rerunning the
    analysis using a minimum of 15 substeps for Steps 2 and 3.

    28 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.


    Workshop 05.1:
    Metal Plasticity

    END

    2929 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.

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