Two Winding Transformer
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senthilanviewTwo Winding Transformer
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senthilanviewTwo winding transformers are generally used where ratio of high voltage and
low voltage is greater than 2. It is cost effective to use auto transformer where
the ratio between high voltage and low voltage is less than 2. Again a single
unit three phase transformer is more cost effective than a bank of three single
phase transformers unit in a three phase system. But a single three phase
transformer unit is a bit difficult to transport and have to be removed from
service entirely if one of the phase winding breaks down.
Types of Transformer
Transformers can be categorized in different ways, depending upon their
purpose, use, construction etc. The types of transformer are as follows,
1. Step Up Transformer and Step Down Transformer – Generally used for
stepping up and down the voltage level of power in transmission and
distribution power system network.
2. Three Phase Transformer and Single Phase Transformer – Former is
generally used in three phase power system as it is cost effective than
later. But when size matters, it is preferable to use a bank of three single
phase transformer as it is easier to transport than one single three phase
transformer unit.
3. Electrical Power Transformer, Distribution Transformer and Instrument
Transformer – Power transformers are generally used in transmission
network for stepping up or down the voltage level. It operates mainly
during high or peak loads and has maximum efficiency at or near full
load. Distribution transformer steps down the voltage for distribution
purpose to domestic or commercial users. It has good voltage regulation
and operates 24 hrs a day with maximum efficiency at 50% of full
load. Instrument transformers include C.T and P.T which are used to
reduce high voltages and current to lesser values which can be
measured by conventional instruments.
4. Two Winding Transformer and Auto Transformer – Former is generally
used where ratio between high voltage and low voltage is greater than
2. It is cost effective to use later where the ratio between high voltage
and low voltage is less than 2.
5. Outdoor Transformer and Indoor Transformer – Transformers that are
designed for installing at outdoor are outdoor transformers and
transformers designed for installing at indoor are indoor transformers.
6. Oil Cooled and Dry Type Transformer – In oil cooled transformer the
cooling medium is transformer oil whereas the dry type transformer is
air cooled.
7. Core type, Shell type and Berry type transformer – In core type
transformer it has two vertical legs or limbs with two horizontal
sections named yoke. Core is rectangular in shape with a common
magnetic circuit. Cylindrical coils (HV and LV) are placed on both the
limbs.
Shell type transformer: It has a central limb and two outer limbs. Both
HV, LV coils are placed on the central limb. The double magnetic circuit
is present.
Berry type transformer: The core looks like spokes of wheels. Tightly
fitted metal sheet tanks are used for housing this type of transformer
with transformer oil filled inside.
