Detailed Lesson Plan in Science Grade 8

A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN BIOLOGY FOR GRADE EIGHT
ROSEMARIE A. ABAO
FEBRUARY 1, 2018
I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of a 60-minute period, the Grade Eight students should achieve the
following with 75% proficiency level:
1. Describe the transfer of energy in trophic levels
2. Explain the importance of the transfer of the energy from one organism to
another
II. SUBJECT MATTER
TRANSFER OF ENERGY IN TROPHIC LEVELS
A. Reference
Science 8 Learner’s Module. Campo, Pia C. et al. 2013. P273
B. Materials
Visual aids, pictures, video clip, manila paper, markers
C. Ideas
Producers- autotrophs or the organisms that can produce their own food through
photosynthesis
Consumers- heterotrophs or the organisms that can’t produce their own food
and feed on the producers or other consumers
Food chain- a hierarchical series of organisms each dependent on the next as a
source of food
Food web- a system of interlocking and interdependent food chains
Symbiosis- relationship between two or more organisms that live closely together
Biomass- the total mass of organisms in a food chain or a food web
D. Processes
Describing, identifying
E. Values
Collaboration
III. PROCEDURE
A. Preliminary Activities
1. Prayer
2. Checking of the attendance
3. Checking of the assignment
4. Review of the past lesson
B. Motivation
Pictures
C. Lesson Proper
TEACHER ACTIVITY STUDENT ACTIVITY
Let’s start our class with a prayer.

(A student will lead the prayer) Good afternoon ma’am Rose.
Good afternoon class. Good afternoon ma’am Jean.
Before you sit down, please arrange your Good afternoon classmates.
chairs and pick up pieces of paper. Mabuhay!
Class monitor, please check the attendance.
Please pass your assignments forward.

What was our lesson yesterday? Yesterday, the reporters talked about
Have you learned anything from the report the interactions in the ecosystem such
yesterday? If yes, kindly tell me about it. as mutualism, commensalism,
predation, parasitism, and competition.
They also reported about the food
Today, we’re going to continue the lesson. chain which shows the
And these will be our objectives for today. interdependence of a series of
Kindly read everyone. organisms.
Thank you. At the end of this period, you are The Grade Eight students should be
expected to be able to describe the transfer of able to:
energy through the trophic levels and explain Describe the transfer of energy through
its importance to all organisms, including us the trophic levels
humans. Explain the importance of the transfer
of the energy from one organism to
another
In yesterday’s report, we encountered a lot of Includes all the living things in an area,
terms and one of them was ecosystem. What interacting with each other, and with
is ecosystem? their non-living environment.
Okay, so an ecosystem doesn’t only include
the biotic and abiotic factors but also the
interactions between each other.
Some interactions are beneficial, some can
be harmful to the other organisms and there
are interactions where organisms neither
benefitted nor harmed.
Interaction with other species is important for
survival. The quote “No man is an island”
doesn’t only apply to humans, but also to all
organisms. We need each other to survive.
To survive, what do you think is our most Our most essential need is food and
essential need in our everyday life? water.
Why do we need to eat food? To obtain nutrients and energy that will
enable us to move, grow, repair
damaged tissues and reproduce.
So, in an ecosystem, what are the main The main sources of energy are plants
sources of energy? and other autotrophs because they are
That’s right. Because of that, plants and other the only ones that can produce their
autotrophs are called as producers. own food.
They can make their own food through the
process of photosynthesis.
What is photosynthesis class? Photosynthesis is the process where
So that makes the sun the ultimate source of the energy from the sun and raw
energy in the ecosystem. materials such water and CO2 are
converted by autotrophs into chemical
energy and store it as glucose.
But you see, I don’t eat fruits and vegetables. That’s not true ma’am because
I only eat chicken meat and beef. Does that chickens and cows eat plants, so the
mean I won’t survive because I did not obtain energy from the plants must have
energy from the plants? transferred to their own bodies.
Likewise, as you ate their meat, the
Very good. So, it means that there is a flow of energy from the plants that was
energy from the producers to the consumers. transferred to their body must have
What are consumers again class? transferred to yours.
There are kinds of consumers. The primary Consumers are organisms that can’t
consumers, the secondary consumers, produce their own food and must eat
tertiary consumers and the quaternary or other organisms to obtain nutrition and
apex predators. energy.
What are examples of each one of them and
why do you think they belong to that group? Rabbits are primary consumers
because they primarily eat plants as
Our example has formed a food chain. food. If that rabbit is eaten by a snake,
I will properly illustrate it so you will it makes the snake a secondary
understand. consumer and if the snake is eaten by
an eagle, the eagle would be a tertiary
consumer.
Now, let’s do a group activity. We will divide

the class into 3 (count off). (Students may ask for further
For each group, I will give an envelope that instructions)
contains pictures of animals. You will have to
imagine a scenario where the animals interact
with each other in a food web.
Paste your work on the manila paper
provided. Put arrows to indicate interaction
and label which trophic level does the animal
belong to.
You will be given 3 minutes to complete your
work and after that, your group representative
shall present your work in front. Is everything
understood?
So, this will be the rubrics for our activity.
(Explain rubric)
Criteria 5 3 1
Content All answers 1-2 answers Most
are correct incorrect answers
incorrect
Communicatio Reporter Reporter Reporter
n Skills has has has low
confidence confidence confidence
and but and
presents in occasionally speaks in
fluently in speaks in vernacular
English. vernacular.
Collaboration All 1-2 Most
members members members Each group representative will present
participated did not did not their work.
participate participate
You may start your work.

(3 min. is up) Each organism can support the
Please post your work on the board. biomass of the next trophic level which
Each representative will be given 1 minute so is 10% of its own biomass. So if there
keep your explanations short and concise. is 20,000 kg of carrots, it can sustain
(Gives scores and comments) 2,000 kg of rabbits. In turn, the 2,000
kg of rabbits, can sustain only 200 kg
of the biomass of the snakes, so on
Now, who can come here in front and create and so forth.
a pyramid of biomass out of this food chain? Not 100% of the energy from a trophic
How about the energy pyramid? level can be transferred to the
organisms of the next level. After all,
not all parts of plants and animals are
eaten by the consumers.
Producers have the greatest biomass

and the greatest energy.
The quaternary consumers have the
least biomass and have the least
energy.
Let’s look again at the two pyramids. Which Only 1%

organisms have the greatest biomass? The
least biomass?
Which organisms have the greatest energy?
The least energy?
So, imagine how much energy will you get if

you are strictly carnivorous? No ma’am.
That’s right. It could be only 1% or even

lesser. That is why it is not good to eat meat
all the time. We also need to eat vegetables
and fruits because other than how they can
provide a greater amount of energy they also
provide vitamins and nutrients needed by our
body.
From now on, are you still going to eat only
meat all the time?
That’s good.
D. Generalization
What is the importance of the transfer of energy between each organism?
E. Application
If one organism is removed from the web of interconnected feeding relationship,
how will it affect the other organisms and us humans?
IV. EVALUATION
Formative Test
Identification
V. ASSIGNMENT

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A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN BIOLOGY FOR GRADE EIGHT

TEACHER ACTIVITY STUDENT ACTIVITY

Let’s start our class with a prayer.

Please pass your assignments forward.

Now, let’s do a group activity. We will divide

You may start your work.

Producers have the greatest biomass

Let’s look again at the two pyramids. Which Only 1%

So, imagine how much energy will you get if

That’s right. It could be only 1% or even

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