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    Lecture #9: Content To Be Covered

    Uploaded by

    Piyush Bhatnagar
    The document discusses double slit diffraction, including: 1) The expression for the intensity pattern produced by double slit diffraction, which results from the interference of light passing through two slits. 2) The positions of maxima and minima in the interference pattern, which depend on the slit separation, width, and wavelength of light. 3) Secondary maxima have lower intensity than primary maxima and occur when the path difference is an odd multiple of half the wavelength.

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    Lecture #9: Content To Be Covered

    Uploaded by

    Piyush Bhatnagar
    24 views13 pages
    The document discusses double slit diffraction, including: 1) The expression for the intensity pattern produced by double slit diffraction, which results from the interference of light passing through two slits. 2) The positions of maxima and minima in the interference pattern, which depend on the slit separation, width, and wavelength of light. 3) Secondary maxima have lower intensity than primary maxima and occur when the path difference is an odd multiple of half the wavelength.

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    The document discusses double slit diffraction, including: 1) The expression for the intensity pattern produced by double slit diffraction, which results from the interference of light passing through two slits. 2) The positions of maxima and minima in the interference pattern, which depend on the slit separation, width, and wavelength of light. 3) Secondary maxima have lower intensity than primary maxima and occur when the path difference is an odd multiple of half the wavelength.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    24 views13 pages

    Lecture #9: Content To Be Covered

    Uploaded by

    Piyush Bhatnagar
    The document discusses double slit diffraction, including: 1) The expression for the intensity pattern produced by double slit diffraction, which results from the interference of light passing through two slits. 2) The positions of maxima and minima in the interference pattern, which depend on the slit separation, width, and wavelength of light. 3) Secondary maxima have lower intensity than primary maxima and occur when the path difference is an odd multiple of half the wavelength.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 13

    Lecture #9

    Content to be covered
    ❑ Double slit diffraction
    ❖ Expression for resultant intensity
    ❖ Position of maxima (Central and Secondary)
    ❖ Position of minima
    ❖ Intensity at secondary maxima
    ❖ Spread of central diffraction maximum

    Resources to be consulted
    ❑ OPTICS by Ajay Ghatak

    15B11PH111 ODD2020 Physics-1 1


    Fraunhofer Double Slit Diffraction

    Again, like single slit case, let us


    assume that slits consist of a large
    number of equally spaced point
    sources and each of these points act
    as a source of secondary wavelets

    slit width = 2A1A2 = 2B1B2 = b


    slit separation A1B1 = A2B2 = d

    15B11PH111 ODD2020 Physics-1 2


    Fraunhofer Double Slit Diffraction

    15B11PH111 ODD2020 Physics-1 3


    Fraunhofer Double Slit Diffraction
    The intensity distribution will be of the form

    Represents Represents interference


    diffraction pattern produced by
    Pattern produced by two point sources
    single slit of width b. separated by distance d.

    15B11PH111 ODD2020 Physics-1 4


    Similarity with YDSE
    If y1 and y2 are the displacements produced by
    sources S1 and S2.
    where

    Then resultant displacement at point P on the screen


    would be y = y1 + y2

    Amplitude of the
    resultant wave
    Same as the second
    Thus, intensity of the resultant wave would be
    term appearing in the
    expression of resultant
    intensity for double
    slit diffraction
    15B11PH111 ODD2020 Physics-1 5
    Position for Minima and Maxima
    The expression of resultant intensity for double slit diffraction is given by

    Minimum Intensity can be achieved when I = 0 i.e.

    or

    Now corresponding angular locations of these various diffraction minima's would be given by

    where n = 1, 2, 3, ……..
    and
    where m = 0, 1, 2, 3, ….

    15B11PH111 ODD2020 Physics-1 6


    Position for Minima and Maxima
    Secondary diffraction maxima will Similarly interference maxima will
    occur when occur when

    where m = 0, 1, 2, 3, ….
    where n = 1, 2, 3, ……..

    Now again consider interference maxima, we have

    From above expression, we can find out angular position of interference


    maxima ( values). Alternatively,

    15B11PH111 ODD2020 Physics-1 7


    The intensity pattern is in effect
    a combination of both the
    single-slit diffraction pattern
    and the double slit interference
    β pattern.

    The amplitude of the diffraction


    pattern modulates the
    interference pattern.
    φ →

    In other words, the diffraction pattern acts like


    an envelope containing the interference pattern.
    In other words, the diffraction pattern acts like
    an envelope containing the interference pattern.

    The image above is taken from the central


    maximum area of a display.
    Intensity pattern
    Due to single slit diffraction Due to double slit interference

    Double slit of width d each


    slit width = b

    Due to double slit diffraction

    15B11PH111 ODD2020 Physics-1 10


    FRAUNHOFER DOUBLE SLIT DIFFRACTION

    θ
    1
    b= slit width
    d = a+b
    a= separation b/w slits

    1
    Missing Orders In Double Slit Diffraction
    Interference maxima positions are given by

    where m = 0, 1, 2, 3, ….
    The positions of diffraction minima due to each slit are given by

    where n = 1, 2, 3, ….

    Suppose, for a given values of θ, b and d, both equations (1) and (2) are
    simultaneously satisfied, then we have

    Since n =1, 2, 3, …, Therefore, m = 2, 4, 6, 8, .… Thus,


    the even order interference maxima will coincide
    with 1st, 2nd, 3rd, order diffraction minima due to
    single slit. Therefore three interference maxima will
    fall within central maxima.

    15B11PH111 ODD2020 Physics-1 12


    Missing Orders In Double Slit Diffraction

    As the slit separation d increases the number of interference maxima appearing in the
    region of central diffraction maxima increases.

    15B11PH111 ODD2020 Physics-1 13

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