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    Project by Anushka

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    Parth Randive
    This document is a chemistry investigatory project submitted by Anushka Wanve to study and prepare biodiesel. It begins with an introduction that defines green chemistry and biodiesel as an alternative fuel made from vegetable oils and animal fats. The project then outlines the theory of biodiesel production through transesterification, sources of oils that can be used, advantages like being renewable and reducing emissions, and the steps to make and test biodiesel in the lab. The aim is to gain practical experience and knowledge about biodiesel as a sustainable fuel alternative.

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    Project by Anushka

    Uploaded by

    Parth Randive
    32 views19 pages
    This document is a chemistry investigatory project submitted by Anushka Wanve to study and prepare biodiesel. It begins with an introduction that defines green chemistry and biodiesel as an alternative fuel made from vegetable oils and animal fats. The project then outlines the theory of biodiesel production through transesterification, sources of oils that can be used, advantages like being renewable and reducing emissions, and the steps to make and test biodiesel in the lab. The aim is to gain practical experience and knowledge about biodiesel as a sustainable fuel alternative.

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    This document is a chemistry investigatory project submitted by Anushka Wanve to study and prepare biodiesel. It begins with an introduction that defines green chemistry and biodiesel as an alternative fuel made from vegetable oils and animal fats. The project then outlines the theory of biodiesel production through transesterification, sources of oils that can be used, advantages like being renewable and reducing emissions, and the steps to make and test biodiesel in the lab. The aim is to gain practical experience and knowledge about biodiesel as a sustainable fuel alternative.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    32 views19 pages

    Project by Anushka

    Uploaded by

    Parth Randive
    This document is a chemistry investigatory project submitted by Anushka Wanve to study and prepare biodiesel. It begins with an introduction that defines green chemistry and biodiesel as an alternative fuel made from vegetable oils and animal fats. The project then outlines the theory of biodiesel production through transesterification, sources of oils that can be used, advantages like being renewable and reducing emissions, and the steps to make and test biodiesel in the lab. The aim is to gain practical experience and knowledge about biodiesel as a sustainable fuel alternative.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 19

    KENDRIYA VIDYALAYAO.

    F BHANDARA

    CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY PROJECT


    SESSION 2021-2022
    “BIODIESEL”

    Guided By: Submitted By:


    Sneha Bisane Name:Anushka Wanve
    (PGT Chemistry) Class:XI
    KV O.F Bhandara Roll No:05
    CERTIFICATE

    This is to certify that ANUSHKA WANVE of class


    XI has successfully submitted the Investigatory
    project on the topic “BIODIESEL” under the
    guidance of Mrs.Sneha Bisen during the year 2021-
    2022 in the partial fulfillment of chemistry
    practical examination conducted by Central Board
    Of Secondary Education [CBSE]

    Subject Teacher Examiner


    ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

    I would like to express my special thanks of


    gratitude to my Chemistry teacher “Miss
    Sneha Bisane” for their able guidance and
    support in completing my project .
    Without her motivation and support the
    successful completion of this project would
    not have been possible.

    I would like to extend my gratitude to the


    Principal of KV O.F Bhandara “Shri. Anil
    Gholpe” for providing the faculty that is
    required.
    PREFACE

    The main objective of any science student is to get


    as much of practical knowledge as possible . By
    developing this project , I have gained many useful
    experiences.

    As we know practical knowledge is as important


    as theoretical knowledge , this is the reason why I
    have prepared this Investigatory project.
    AIM

    To study and prepare


    “BIODIESEL”
    CONTENT
    1.Introduction
    2.Theory: Bio-Diesel
    3.Sources Of Bio-Diesel
    4.Advantages
    5.Making Bio-Diesel
    5.1 Material Required
    5.2 Procedure
    6.Testing Bio-Diesel
    6.1 Material Required
    6.2 Procedure
    7.Bibliography
    INTRODUCTION
    Green chemistry also known as sustainable chemistry is
    an area of chemistry and chemical engineering focused on
    the designing of products and processes that minimize or
    eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances.
    Green chemistry focuses on the environmental impact of
    chemistry ,including technological approaches to prevent
    pollution and reduce consumption of non-renewable
    resources.

    Bio-Diesel refers toa vegetable oil or animal fat based


    diesel fuel consisting of long chain alkyl esters.Bio-diesel
    is typically made by chemically reacting lipids (e.g
    vegetable oil , soyabean oil )

    Bio fuel is a fuel that is produced through contemporary


    processes from biomass ,rather than fuel produced by thr
    very long winded geological processes involved in the
    formation of fossil fuels , such as oils. As India is deficient
    in edible oils ,non-edible oil may be materialistic choice for
    producing bio diesel .
    For this pupose Jatropha cureas considered as most
    potential source for it . Bio diesel is produced by
    transesterification of oil obtains from plant.In organic
    chemistry , transesterification is the process of exchanging
    the organic group “R” of an ester with the organic group “R”
    of an alcohol . These reaction are often catalyzed by an
    acid or a base catalyst particularly lipase.
    THEORY

    The process to make bio diesel involves chamical


    reaction .This means that the biodiesel industry is a
    chemical industry. Those involved in making biodiesel
    must have a good understanding of the underlying
    chemistry to ensure that they are making quality fuel
    in a safe manner.

    Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engines that


    is produced by chemically reacting a vegetable oil or
    animal fat .
    OIL + ALCOHOL = BIODIESEL + GLYCERINE
    SOURCES

    Bio diesel is a renewable fuel made from


    biomass .Most U.S biodiesel is produced from
    vegetable oil and animal fat . Biodiesel can be
    used in the same equipment as diesel fuel made
    from petroleum . Biodiesel can be produced from a
    variety of natural crops includin rapeseed ,
    soyabean , mustard , flax , sunflower , canola ,
    palm oil , hemp , jatropha and waste vegetable oil .
    ADVANTAGES
    1.Biodiesel is a renewable energy source unlike other
    petroleum product that will vanish in years to come.
    2.Since it is made from animals and vegetable fat
    ,it can be produced on demand and also causes
    less pollution then fossil fuels.
    3.One of the main advantage of using bio-dieselis that
    it can be used in existing diesel engines with little or
    no modifications at all and can replace fossil fuels to
    become the most preffered transport energy source.
    4.Fossil fuels when burnt release greenhouse gases in
    the atmosphere that raises the temperature of the
    globe . Using biodiesel instead of petroleum diesel can
    reduce greenhouse gases upto 75%.
    5. Fossil fuels are limited and may not be able to fulfil
    demand after a certain period .Biodiesel can work.
    MAKING BIODIESEL

    i)Materials required:
    1.Eye protection
    2.Access to a top pan balance
    3.One 250cm^3 conical flask
    4.Two 100cm^3 beakers
    5.One 100cm^3 measuring cylinders
    6.Five plastic teat pipettes
    7.Distilled or deionised water
    8.100cm^3 vegetable based cooking oil
    9.15cm^3 methanol
    10.1cm^3 potassium hydroxide solution 50%
    (corrosive)
    ii) Procedure
    1. Measure 100cm3 of vegetable oil into the
    250cm3 flask. Weigh the flask before and after to
    determine the mass of oil you used.
    2. Carefully add 15cm3 of methanol.
    3. Slowly add 1cm3 of 50% potassium hydroxide .
    4. Stir or swirl the mixture for 10 minutes.
    5. Allow the mixture to stand until it separates
    into two layers.
    6. Carefully remove the top layer using the teat
    pipette.
    7. Wash the product by shaking it with 10cm3 of
    distilled or deionised water.
    8. Allow the mixture to stand until it separates
    into two layers.
    9. Carefully remove the top layer of biodiesel
    using a teat pipette.
    10. Weigh the amount of biodiesel you have
    collected and compare it to the amount of
    vegetable oil you started with.
    TESTING BIO-DIESEL

    i)Material required
    1.Eye protection
    2.Small glass funnel
    3.One 250cm3 flask
    4.Two boiling tubes
    5.One two hole stopper to fit the boiling tube
    6.Filter pump
    7.A piece of wide bore glass tubing approximately
    10cm long with two one hole stoppers to fit
    8.A piece of vaccum tubing approximately 35cm
    long
    9.Two short pieces of glass tubing to fit the one
    hole stopper
    10.5cm glass bend to fit the two hole stopper
    11.90o glass bend to fit the two hole stopper
    12.Two stands and clamps
    13.Two small metal sample dishes
    ii)Procedure

    1. Pour 125cm3 of distilled water into the 250cm3


    flask and add 10cm3 of universal indicator .Add one
    drop of 0.1 mol dm-3 NaOH solution and gently
    swirl the flask so that the colour of the solution is
    violet or at the most basic end of the universal
    indicator colour range.
    2. Place 10cm3 of this solution into the boiling
    tube.
    3. Assemble the appropriate illustrated in fig.1
    attaching it to the filter pump with the vaccum
    tubing.
    4. Place 2cm3 of biodiesel onto a wad of mineral
    wool in the metal sample cup.
    5. Turn on the water tap so the filter pump pulls
    air through the flask and ignite the bio-diesel .
    Position the funnel directly over the burning fuel ,
    so as to capture the fumes fro the burning
    fuel.Mark or note the position of the tap handle so
    you can run the pump at the same flow rate later
    in the experiment .
    6. Allow the experiment to run until the universal
    indicator turns yellow and time how long this
    takes.
    7. Record what happens in the funnel and in the
    glass tube containing the second piece of mineral
    wool.
    8. Clean the apparatus and repeat the experiment
    using 2cm3of kerosene .
    BIBLIOGRAPHY

    1. www.google.com
    2.www.wikipedia.org
    3.www.seminarsonly.com
    4.www.conserve-energy-future.com
    THANK - YOU

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