L-PRO 4500: Transmission Line Protection Relay
L-PRO 4500: Transmission Line Protection Relay
L-PRO 4500
Transmission Line Protection Relay
User Manual
Version 2.2 Revision 0
Preface
Information in this document is subject to change without notice.
© 2021 ERLPhase Power Technologies Ltd. All rights reserved.
Reproduction in any manner whatsoever without the written permission of
ERLPhase Power Technologies Ltd. is strictly forbidden.
This manual is part of a complete set of product documentation that includes
detailed drawings and operation. Users should evaluate the information in the
context of the complete set of product documentation and their particular
applications. ERLPhase assumes no liability for any incidental, indirect or
consequential damages arising from the use of this documentation.
While all information presented is believed to be reliable and in accordance
with accepted engineering practices, ERLPhase makes no warranties as to the
completeness of the information.
All trademarks used in association with B-PRO, B-PRO Multi Busbar, Multi
Busbar Protection, F-PRO, iTMU, L-PRO, ProLogic, S-PRO, T-PRO,
TESLA, I/O Expansion Module, TESLA Control Panel, Relay Control Panel,
RecordGraph and RecordBase are trademarks of ERLPhase Power
Technologies Ltd.
Windows® is a registered trademark of the Microsoft Corporation.
HyperTerminal® is a registered trademark of Hilgraeve.
Modbus® is a registered trademark of Modicon.
Contact Information
ERLPhase Power Technologies Ltd.
Website: www.erlphase.com
Email: info@erlphase.com
Technical Support
Email: support@erlphase.com
Tel: 1-204-477-0591
Example Describes
Text boxes similar to this one Relate important notes and information.
Indicates a warning.
TT - Transfer Trip
TUI - Terminal User Interface
UI - User Interface
VI - Virtual Input
WI - Weak Infeed
Operating System
One of the following operating systems must be installed and functional prior
to installing the applications:
• Microsoft Windows 7
• Microsoft Windows 10
Software Installation
All required software for user interface, settings and record analysis is avail-
able directly from the ERLPhase website. The following relevant software and
documentation is available:
• L-PRO Offliner
• Relay Control Panel
• ERL 61850 Configurator Tool
• RecordGraph
• USB Driver
• L-PRO 4500 User Manual
• L-PRO 4500 Function Logic Diagram
Anti-virus/Anti-spyware Software
If an anti-virus/anti-spyware software on your local system identifies any of
the ERLPhase applications as a “potential threat”, it will be necessary to con-
figure your anti-virus/anti-software to classify it as “safe” for its proper oper-
ation. Please consult the appropriate anti-virus/anti-spyware software
documentation to determine the relevant procedure.
used to analyze system stability. The triggers for fault recording are established
by programming the output matrix and allowing any internal relay function,
external input or GOOSE messaging input to initiate recording.
1 2 3
4 5
1. LEDs for displaying the status of the IED
2. Front Panel LCD display for events, targets, settings etc.
3. 18 Programmable Target LEDs
4. Push buttons used for navigation of LCD menus
5. USB Port for maintenance and user interface
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
The rear view shown is for the 10CT, 6PT with 24DI, 32 DO configu-
ration. Other hardware configurations have a reduced number of an-
alogs and digitals available on the rear panel.
AC Current and The relay is provided with screw type terminal blocks for the analog inputs.
Voltage Inputs There are two order-configurable analog input configurations available:
• 10 current inputs, 6 voltage inputs (Option A). Includes two three-phase
current inputs, two single-phase neutral current inputs, two single-phase
zero sequence current inputs and two three-phase voltage inputs.
• 5 current inputs, 4 voltage inputs (Option B). Includes one three-phase cur-
rent input, one single-phase neutral current input, one single-phase zero se-
quence current input, one three-phase voltage input and one single-phase
voltage input.
The relay supports 1A and 5A CT secondary input levels. Both levels are avail-
able on the rear panel, but you must use either 1A or 5A for all inputs.
Each of the current input circuits has polarity (•) marks.
A complete schematic of current and voltage circuits is shown in Appendix J
“AC Schematic Drawings”.
External Inputs The relay contains an order-configurable amount of external inputs and output
and Relay contacts. The ordering options for external inputs and output contacts are:
Output • 8 External Inputs, 8 Output Contacts (Option A)
Contacts • 16 External Inputs, 16 Output Contacts (Option B)
• 16 External Inputs, 24 Output Contacts (Option C)
• 24 External Inputs, 32 Output Contacts (Option D)
External dc voltage of either 24, 48, 110/125 V or 220/250 V nominal are avail-
able. Selection of specific voltage is factory selectable.
To guarantee security from spurious voltage pulses, the L-PRO has an external
input pickup filter setting. This setting is made in Relay Control Panel under
Utilities > External Inputs. The setting is an integer number representing the
number of samples in a packet of 16 that must be recognized by the DSP as
high before an External Input status is changed from low to high. See specifi-
cations for External Input Pickup Filter in “External Input Pickup Filter”
in Appendix A.
Relay If the relay becomes inoperative, then the Relay Inoperative Alarm output con-
Inoperative tact (Output Contact 1 - NC) closes and all tripping functions are blocked.
Alarm Output
WARNING!
The ground terminal (also known as the protective earth) on the rear
of the unit and the modules must be connected. Refer to the diagram
of the rear of the unit, “L-PRO 4500 Relay Rear View” on page 1-4
for the location of the ground terminal. The protective earth connec-
tion shall be checked before carrying out any other actions and shall
not be removed when the unit is energized.
WARNING!
Ensure the power supply input and the AC and DC wires are de-en-
ergized before working on the wiring. Failure to do so could result in
electric shock.
RJ-45 The rear two Ethernet Ports 51A and 51B may also be configured as
100BASE-T Ethernet Ports.
Optical ST 51A and 51B in the rear panel may be configured with ST style optical connec-
tors if desired. These are 1300 nm 100BASE-FX optical Ethernet ports. The
transmit and receive connections are indicated on the rear panel. Use standard
multi-mode cables with ST connectors for this interface.
USB There is a standard USB-B connector on the front panel. This is a USB 2.0 Full
Speed interface and can be connected to a PC with a standard USB peripheral
cable (A style to B style).
IRIG-B Wiring The relay accepts both modulated and unmodulated IRIG-B standard time sig-
nals with or without the IEEE 1344 extensions. The IRIG-B connector on the
back of the relay is BNC type (Port 531 & 541).
Shielded wire shall be used for all connections that run outside of the
panel in which the L-PRO is installed. The shield must be grounded
only at one end at the point where the cable enters the panel. The
IRIG input is the ONLY exception which uses unbalanced co-axial
cable.
To verify that the USB connection was successfully recognized, and to verify
which port the USB Serial Port is using, do the following:
Go to
Windows Explorer > Right click on Computer > Manage >Device Manag-
er > Ports
Look for the port number associated to this device.
“USB Serial Port”
Look for a COM#, where “#” can be 1, 2, 3, etc. Leave the default settings
for this port.
The baud rate for the relay USB Port is fixed at 115200. The baud rate can be
viewed on the front LCD display of the relay by navigating to:
Main Menu > System & Utilities >Communication
Access both the relay’s user interface and DNP3 SCADA services simultane-
ously with the Ethernet TCP/IP LAN link through the rear network port. The
LPRO-4500 has two physical network ports for redundancy support that share
a common IP and MAC address. Each physical port is either a 100BASE-T
copper interface with an RJ-45 connector or 100BASE-FX optical interface
with an ST style connector. Both ports are factory configurable as a copper or
optical interface.
DNP3 SCADA services can also be accessed over the LAN, for details see
“Communication Port Details” on page 3-13.
Connect to the Ethernet LAN using a Cat 5 cable with an RJ-45 connector or
100BASE-FX 1300 nm, multi-mode optical fiber with an ST style connector.
By default, the network port is assigned with an IP address of 192.168.100.80.
If this address is not suitable, it may be modified using the relay’s Maintenance
Menu. For details see “Using HyperTerminal to Access the Relay’s Mainte-
nance Menu” on page 3-7.
Baud rate Default fixed baud rate 115,200 N81 (no parity, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit).
Data bits 8
Parity None
Stop bits 1
Emulation VT100
Font Use a font that supports line drawing (e.g. Terminal or MS Line Draw).
If the menu appears outlined in odd characters, the font selected is not
supporting line drawing characters.
“What area code (or city code) are you are in now?”
Enter “306”
“If you need to specify a carrier code, what is it?”
Enter “”, i.e. leave blank
“If you dial a number to access an outside line, what is it?”
Enter “”.
“The phone system at this location uses:”
Choose “Tone dialing”.
Hit OK.
First time use of HyperTerminal will show “Phone and Modem Options”.
Hit Cancel.
Maintenance
Menu Commands 1, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are Port 010 access only.
Commands
Modify IP address Modifies the LAN IP addresses, network mask, default gateway
and IEC61850 network port assignment.
Retrieve system diagnos- Automatically packages up the internal status log plus setting
tics and setup information and downloads it in compressed form to
the computer. This file can then be sent to our customer support
to help diagnose a problem.
Restore settings (com- Use these commands to force the system back to default
mands 4, 5 and 6) values, if a problem is suspected due to the unit's settings,
calibration and/or setup parameters.
Force hardware reset Manually initiates a hardware reset. Note that the
communication link is immediately lost and cannot be
reestablished until the unit completes its start-up.
Exit network utilities Exit network utilities menu and return to Maintenance Menu
Commands
The firmware update is used to update the relay’s software with maintenance
or enhancement releases. Please see the L-PRO Firmware Update Procedure
documentation that comes with the firmware update for instructions on how to
update the firmware on the relay.
Protocol To select the desired SCADA protocol go to L-PRO 4500 Offliner SCADA
Selection communications section. Select the protocol and set the corresponding param-
eters.
Communication The serial port’s communication parameters are set in the L-PRO 4500 Of-
Parameters fliner SCADA communications section. Both the baud rate and the parity bit
can be configured. The number of data bits and stop bits are determined auto-
matically by the selected SCADA protocol. Modbus ASCII uses 7 data bits.
Modbus RTU and DNP Serial use 8 data bits. All protocols use 1 stop bit ex-
cept in the case where either Modbus protocol is used with no parity; this uses
2 stop bits, as defined in the Modbus standard.
Diagnostics Protocol monitor utilities are available to assist in resolving SCADA commu-
nication difficulties such as incompatible baud rate or addressing. The utilities
can be accessed through the Maintenance Menu Commands, see “Maintenance
Menu Commands” on page 3-9.
Front Panel 010 USB-B receptacle, High speed USB 2.0 interface.
Used for user interface access.
Default fixed baud rate 115,200 N81 (no parity, 8 data bits, 1 stop
bit).
Rear Panel 51A RJ-45 receptacle or ST type optical receptacle (factory config-
ured). 100BASE-T or 100BASE-FX (1300nm, multi-mode) Ether-
net interface. Same MAC and IP address as Port 51B (for
redundancy support).
Used for user interface access or IEC61850/DNP SCADA access
through Ethernet LAN.
a. See Appendix I for the connection diagram and the terminal numbering
description.
TEST MODE — red LED off within 30 seconds after power applied
When the Relay Functional LED comes on, it indicates that the DSP is actively
protecting the system.
When the test mode LED goes off, the relay is capable of recording and com-
municating with the user.
1 2 3
4 5
1. LEDs for displaying the status of the IED
2. Front Panel LCD display for events, targets, settings etc.
3. 18 Programmable Target LEDs
4. Push buttons used for navigation of LCD menus
5. USB Port for maintenance and user interface
LED Lights
Relay Functional Indicates when the relay is functional. When the Relay Functional
green LED goes on, the rear Relay Inoperative contact changes to
an open and the protective functions become functional.
Time Sync Indicates the presence of a valid IRIG-B or SNTP time signal.
Service Required Indicates the relay needs service. This LED can be the same state
as the Relay Functional LED or can be of the opposite state
depending on the nature of the problem.
The following items bring up this LED:
• DSP failure - protection difficulties within the relay.
• Communication failure within the relay.
• Internal relay problems.
Test Mode Occurs when the relay output contacts are intentionally blocked.
Possible reasons are:
• Relay initialization on startup
• User interface processor has reset and is being tested.
The user cannot communicate with the relay through the ports until
the front display becomes active and the TEST MODE LED goes
out. Normally, the red Target LED remains off after this start-up
unless the relay had unviewed target messages.
Alarm (Target LED Occurs when an enabled relay function picks up.
18) The red Alarm LED should be off if there are no inputs to the relay.
If the Alarm LED is on, check the event log messages which are
available through the menu system.
For more information on configuring the Target LEDs, see “Target LED” on
page 5-66 and “Phase Indication Tripping” on page 5-70.
Target LED assignments shown in the table above are the default
values. The Target LEDs are configurable by the user through the Of-
fliner settings (output matrix).
Push Buttons
Up, Down, Right, Left, Enter, Escape Used to navigate the front panel screens.
Display The LCD screen of the L-PRO 4500 relay provides information to the user in
the form of data, messages and visual feedback for user interaction. It also al-
lows for the user to modify protection function settings directly. A series of ac-
cess controlled menu options are available through the front panel LCD and
Push Button keypad provided on the unit, allowing unit level access to many
of the same features available through the supporting ERLPhase relay software
tools. In all cases, a password is required to obtain more than the basic IED in-
formation.
The basic menu structure for navigation of the LCD screen is given below:
The LCD screen displays the following metering parameters.
• Phase-wise voltage magnitude & angle
• Phase-to-phase voltage magnitude & angle
• Phase-wise current magnitude & angle
• 3-phase real power
• 3-phase reactive power
• Frequency
• 3-phase apparent power
• Power factor
• All sequence voltages
• All sequence currents
• Single-phase real power
• Single-phase reactive power
• Single-phase Apparent power
• Single-phase power factor
The metering display in LCD screen has a resolution of three decimals for both
measured and calculated analog values.
Main Menu
Relay Info.
Metering
Analog
Analog Inputs
Line Quantities
External Inputs
Output contacts
Logic
Logic Protection 1
Logic Protection 2
Logic Protection 3
Logic Protection 4
ProLogic
Group Logic
Virtual Inputs
MMS Commands
Events
Faults
Utilities
Setup
Timeouts
Time Settings
IRIG (C,S)
SNTP (C,S)
Maintenance
Erase (C, S)
Communication
Records
Record List
Calibration (S)
Settings
Enter Password
System Parameters
General (C,S)
Line (C,S)
CT Turns Ratio
CT Secondary (C,S)
PT Turns Ratio
Main PT (C,S)
Auxiliary PT (C,S)
Setting Group N
Protection Functions
Zone 1 (C,S)
Zone 2 (C,S)
Zone 3 (C,S)
Zone 4 (C,S)
Zone 5 (C,S)
Zone 1 (C,S)
Zone 2 (C,S)
Zone 3 (C,S)
Zone 4 (C,S)
Zone 5 (C,S)
SOTF (C,S)
79-3Ph Recloser
59 - Overvoltage
27 - Undervoltage
27 Main (C,S)
27 Auxiliary (C,S)
60 - CT Supervision
81 - Over/Under Freq.
81-1 (C,S)
81-2 (C,S)
81-3 (C,S)
81-4 (C,S)
Main (C,S)
Aux. (C,S)
50/51/67 - Phase OC
50 (C,S)
51 (C,S)
50N/51N/67 - Neut. OC
50N (C,S)
51N (C,S)
50G/51G/67 - Neut. OC
50G (C,S)
51G (C,S)
46-50/46-51/67
46-50 (C,S)
46-51 (C,S)
46BC (C,S)
Login/Logout (C,S)
Clear Target
Test LEDs
* All front panel menus may be viewed with View rights. Items marked as C or S require Change
or Service rights in order to make and save changes.
Relay Info.
Metering
Events
Faults
Utilities
Settings
Login
View
Change
Service
Service
Enter Password
In the Main Screen, Select Login and hit Enter. Alternatively, selecting
Utilities or Settings will also prompt the Login screen.
In the Login screen, choose desired access level, hit Enter.
In the Enter Password screen, enter the password by clicking the up or down
arrows to select characters and the side arrows to move the cursor forward
or backward and press Enter button to complete the password entry.
Target LED The front panel of the L-PRO 4500 displays the fault/event and phase informa-
Reset Type tion via the target LEDs and target event messages on the LCD.
Each Target LED is configurable in the Setting File as either “Self Reset” or
“Latched” as shown in below.
In Self Reset mode, the LED will only remain on while the associated function
is high. When the associated function goes low, the LED will turn Off automat-
ically.
In Latched Mode, the LED will turn on when the associated function goes high,
and will remain on until the user manually resets the target.
Target Test and There are multiple ways to reset latched LEDs and target messages and to test
Reset the LEDs, as shown below.
External Reset
L-PRO Offliner provides an option to configure the external reseting of targets.
This setting uses one of the External Inputs, ProLogics, SPC Control Com-
mand or Virtual Inputs to remotely reset the front panel targets. When this ex-
ternal target reset input goes high, the latched front panel targets are
immediately cleared. One Target Reset setting is available which applies glob-
ally to all of the LEDs. To configure this setting, go to the Identification > Tar-
get Reset screen in L-PRO Offliner. See “Target Reset Settings” on page 7-15
for more details.
SCADA
The front panel targets may be reset using either the DNP3 or IEC61850 pro-
tocols.
To reset the front panel targets via DNP3, a combination of the L-PRO Offliner
external target reset setting and DNP3 control operations are used. To use this
feature, assign any Virtual Input as the External Target reset input in L-PRO
Offliner. Then use the DNP3 Control Operations for the assigned Virtual Input.
For more information on DNP3 Control Operations, see “Binary Output Status
And Control Relay Output Block” in Appendix F.
The front panel targets may also be reset via the IEC61850 protocol via SPC
Control Commands. Assign any SPC to the Target Reset setting (see “External
Reset” above). Then using a 61850 Client the targets may be reset by operating
the associated SPC Control Command. See “Control Commands” on page 8-4
for more details.
Output Contact The front panel provides an option to manually reset latched Output Contacts
Reset (see “Output Contacts” on page 7-11 for more details). To reset the latched
Output Contacts, select the Clear Outputs item from the Main Menu. Change
or Service login credentials are required to reset the Output Contacts.
LCD Contrast The LCD contrast of the front panel display is adjustable using the push but-
Adjustment tons. To adjust the screen contrast, hold the escape (X) button for five seconds.
While continuing to hold the escape (X) button, press the up or down buttons
to increase or decrease the contrast.
Configure USB Follow this sequence to configure RCP for USB link to the relay.
Link 1. Execute.
Relay Control Panel.exe
2. Execute.
L-PRO 4500 Offliner.exe
3. Install Null Modem Driver.
Please refer to the Relay Control Panel User Manual for details.
4. Run Relay Control Panel.
Go to:
Start > All Programs > ERLPhase > Relay Control Panel > Relay Control
Panel
First time RCP is run.
Hit Add New.
“Add New Relay”
Choose Communication > Direct Serial Link.
Select correct serial link and baud rate.
Hit Get Information From Relay.
Then RCP will communicate with the LPRO-4500 and retrieve in-
formation to fill required fields.
When this is done, hit Save Relay.
If the window “Relay already exists...” pops up, you may need to re-
name the relay changing the “Relay Name” in the “Relay Definition”
category, before saving.
After the first time, in “Select Relay”, choose relay and hit Connect.
In “Relay Password Prompt”
Choose desired access level, enter appropriate password
Note: Default passwords are listed below (remove the quotation
marks)
View Access “view”
Change Access “change”
Service Access “service”
Relay Control The basic structure of the Relay Control Panel information, including basic
Panel Structure actions available, is given below:
Metering
Analog
Line
External
Logic 1
Logic 2
Logic 3
Logic 4
External
ProLogic
Outputs
Group Logic
Virtual
MMS Cmds
Utilities
Unit Identification
Communication
Configuration
Notice that some options are not available (N/A) depending on the access level.
21P Phase/21N The relay 21P contains 5 zones of phase distance elements; all 5 zones of 21P
Ground can be set to either Mho or Quadrilateral type. Note that only one type can be
Distance used at a time. The 21P can contain a mixture of Mho and Quadrilateral shapes,
for example the 21P1 and 21P2 can be set to a Mho characteristic and the 21P3,
21P4 and 21P5 could be set to a Quadrilateral characteristic.
The relay 21N contains 5 zones of ground distance elements; all 5 zones of 21N
can be set to either Mho or Quadrilateral type. Note that only one type can be
used at a time. The 21N can contain a mixture of Mho and Quadrilateral
shapes, for example the 21N1 and 21N2 can be set to a Mho characteristic and
the 21N3, 21N4 and 21N5 could be set to a Quadrilateral characteristic.
The Quadrilateral shape is parallel to the positive sequence line angle setting.
The user-defined Mho Characteristic Angle is not selectable when a Quadrilat-
eral characteristic for that particular zone is defined. All other settings are se-
lectable and user-definable. Top blinder of quadrilateral shape can be adjusted
using Tilt Angle setting as shown in Figure 5.1: Tilt Angle on page 5-2.
Zones 3, 4 and 5 reach can be set in either forward direction or reverse direction
or offset as required. All the distance functions are set in secondary ohms. The
available range of impedance settings is based on the nominal current specified
under Utilities menu. The impedance reach ranges are given in Table 5.1: 21P
Phase Distance Element Settings and Table 5.2: 21N Ground Distance Element
Settings.
Zone 5
Zone 3
Zone 2
Line Z1
Characteristic Angle
Zone 1
Line Angle
R
Zone 4
Figure 5.2: Phase and Ground distance protection Mho relay characteristic
The shape of the phase and ground distance relays is adjustable. For the circu-
lar Mho characteristic shape, the characteristic angle is 90 degrees. Determine
this angle by drawing 2 lines from any point on the impedance locus to the di-
ameter of the characteristic. Produce a tomato-shaped characteristic by select-
ing an angle less than 90 degrees or a lens-shaped characteristic with angles
greater than 90 degrees.
Zone 5
Zone 3
Zone 2
Zone 1
Line Z1
Forward
Line Angle
R
Directional Element
Zone 4
Reverse
The shape of the Mho characteristic means that significant extensions are made
to the relay characteristics in the R region of the R-X plane for ground faults.
Restrict the reach in the R region for the phase distance relays where load en-
croachment is an issue. The shaped Mho characteristic provides the best fit for
the application keeping the number of relay settings at a minimum and pro-
vides the benefits associated with the Mho characteristic.
The Mho characteristic used by the relay is developed by the classical ap-
proach using the measurement of the angle between 2 vectors.
These vectors are defined as:
A = I Z set – V (1)
B = V ref (2)
I phase + K o 3I 0 (3)
where
V is the actual line voltage for ground distance relays or the actual line to
line voltage for the phase distance relay.
I is defined as above for ground distance relays or the line to line current for
phase distance relays.
Zset is the setting reach and Vref is a positive sequence memory voltage
stored within the relay.
Vref is the polarizing quantity for the Mho elements, and is more completely
described in “Relay Method of Memory Polarization” on page 5-8.
To make the reach of the ground distance relay relate to the line positive se-
quence impedance the classical Ko factor is used.
This factor is defined as
Z0 – Z1 (4)
K 0 = -----------------
-
3Z 1
The relay includes a directional element to supervise the phase (21P) and
ground (21N) Mho elements, for all five Zones (21P1 to 21P5 and 21N1 to
21N5). The directional element improves security of the Mho elements for re-
verse faults such as: bus faults, phase-phase faults during high load conditions.
The directional element does not supervise Zone 3, Zone 4 and Zone 5 ele-
ments if these zones are set as offset characteristic. The directional element is
described in “Directional Element” on page 5-10.
Current Supervision
The 21P and 21N include current supervision which helps to ensure that the 21
elements are not set into the load condition.
The 21P elements will only trip if the minimum phasor difference between any
two phases is greater than the Id supervision setting.
The 21N elements will only trip if the minimum phase to neutral current of any
of the phases is greater than the Ip supervision setting and if the 3I0 current is
greater than the 3I0 supervision setting.
Load The load impedance may enter into the protection zones permanently or tem-
Encroachment porarily due to system condition. This is observed in very long lines or heavily
(LE) loaded medium lines. This is a normal load conditions and it is not an abnor-
mal/fault conditions. Therefore, the relay should not initiate any trip command
during this condition. The relay should identify properly whether the imped-
ance entered into the protection zone is normal load condition or fault condi-
tion.
This is distinguished by monitoring all phase-to-phase impedance values (i.e.
Zab, Zbc & Zca).If all the three phase impedances enter into the protection
zones with the limited load angle area, it is declared as a loading condition and
Enable/ Disa- Enable/ Disa- Enable/ Disa- Enable/ Disa- Enable/ Disa-
ble ble ble ble ble
Characteristic Type Mho / Quadri- Mho / Quadri- Mho / Quadri- Mho / Quadri- Mho / Quadri-
lateral lateral lateral lateral lateral
Forward Impedance 0.00 to 66.00 0.00 to 66.00 0.00 to 66.00 0.00 to 66.00 0.00 to 66.00 Both
Reach (Ohms secondary) (5A) (5A) (5A) (5A) (5A)
0.00 to 0.00 to 0.00 to 0.00 to 0.00 to
330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A)
Forward Reactance 0.00 to 66.00 0.00 to 66.00 0.00 to 66.00 0.00 to 66.00 0.00 to 66.00 Quadrilateral
Reach (Ohms secondary) (5A) (5A) (5A) (5A) (5A)
0.00 to 0.00 to 0.00 to 0.00 to 0.00 to
330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A)
Left Reach (R1) (Ohms 0.05 to 66.00 0.05 to 66.00 0.05 to 66.00 0.05 to 66.00 0.05 to 66.00 Quadrilateral
secondary) (5A) (5A) (5A) (5A) (5A)
0.25 to 0.25 to 0.25 to 0.25 to 0.25 to
330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A)
Right Reach (R2) (Ohms 0.05 to 66.00 0.05 to 66.00 0.05 to 66.00 0.05 to 66.00 0.05 to 66.00 Quadrilateral
secondary) (5A) (5A) (5A) (5A) (5A)
0.25 to 0.25 to 0.25 to 0.25 to 0.25 to
330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A)
Mho Characteristic Angle 70.0 to 140.0 70.0 to 140.0 70.0 to 140.0 70.0 to 140.0 70.0 to 140.0 Mho
(degrees)
Pickup Delay (seconds) 0.00 to 99.00 0.00 to 99.00 0.00 to 99.00 0.00 to 99.00 0.00 to 99.00 Both
Id Supervision (A second- 0.2 to 50.0 0.2 to 50.0 0.2 to 50.0 0.2 to 50.0 0.2 to 50.0 Both
ary) (5A) 0.04 to (5A) 0.04 to (5A) 0.04 to (5A) 0.04 to (5A) 0.04 to
10.00 (1A) 10.00 (1A) 10.00 (1A) 10.00 (1A) 10.00 (1A)
LHS
RHS
Enable/ Disa- Enable/ Disa- Enable/ Disa- Enable/ Disa- Enable/ Disa-
ble ble ble ble ble
Characteristic Type Mho / Quadri- Mho / Quadri- Mho / Quadri- Mho / Quadri- Mho / Quadri-
lateral lateral lateral lateral lateral
Forward Impedance 0.00 to 66.00 0.00 to 66.00 0.00 to 66.00 0.00 to 66.00 0.00 to 66.00 Both
Reach (Ohms secondary) (5A) (5A) (5A) (5A) (5A)
0.00 to 0.00 to 0.00 to 0.00 to 0.00 to
330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A)
Forward Reactance 0.00 to 66.00 0.00 to 66.00 0.00 to 66.00 0.00 to 66.00 0.00 to 66.00 Quadrilateral
Reach (Ohms secondary) (5A) (5A) (5A) (5A) (5A)
0.00 to 0.00 to 0.00 to 0.00 to 0.00 to
330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A)
Left Reach (R1) (Ohms 0.05 to 66.00 0.05 to 66.00 0.05 to 66.00 0.05 to 66.00 0.05 to 66.00 Quadrilateral
secondary) (5A) (5A) (5A) (5A) (5A)
0.25 to 0.25 to 0.25 to 0.25 to 0.25 to
330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A)
Right Reach (R2) (Ohms 0.05 to 66.00 0.05 to 66.00 0.05 to 66.00 0.05 to 66.00 0.05 to 66.00 Quadrilateral
secondary) (5A) (5A) (5A) (5A) (5A)
0.25 to 0.25 to 0.25 to 0.25 to 0.25 to
330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A) 330.00 (1A)
Mho Characteristic Angle 70.0 to 140.0 70.0 to 140.0 70.0 to 140.0 70.0 to 140.0 70.0 to 140.0 Mho
(degrees)
Pickup Delay (seconds) 0.00 to 99.00 0.00 to 99.00 0.00 to 99.00 0.00 to 99.00 0.00 to 99.00 Both
Id Supervision (A second- 0.2 to 50.0 0.2 to 50.0 0.2 to 50.0 0.2 to 50.0 0.2 to 50.0 Both
ary) (5A) 0.04 to (5A) 0.04 to (5A) 0.04 to (5A) 0.04 to (5A) 0.04 to
10.00 (1A) 10.00 (1A) 10.00 (1A) 10.00 (1A) 10.00 (1A)
3I0 Supervision (A sec- 0.2 to 50.0 0.2 to 50.0 0.2 to 50.0 0.2 to 50.0 0.2 to 50.0 Both
ondary) (5A) 0.04 to (5A) 0.04 to (5A) 0.04 to (5A) 0.04 to (5A) 0.04 to
10.00 (1A) 10.00 (1A) 10.00 (1A) 10.00 (1A) 10.00 (1A)
Relay Method of The 21P and 21N Mho/Quad elements use positive-sequence voltage, derived
Memory from a memory voltage, as the polarizing quantity. No user settings are re-
Polarization quired for the memory polarization functionality. Sufficient positive-sequence
voltage should be available during all fault events. However, during certain
fault events, especially 3-phase bolted faults near the line VT location, the pos-
itive-sequence voltage may be insufficient for correct operation. To ensure ad-
equate positive-sequence voltage exists for all fault conditions, the relay uses
a ring filter, implemented in software, to provide memory voltage as the source
for the positive-sequence voltage. This memory voltage lasts for approximate-
ly 150 cycles, even if all voltage inputs from the line VTs go to zero. A practi-
cal effect of using a memorized voltage is to expand the Mho characteristic by
the magnitude of the source impedance see “Effect of using Memorized Volt-
age on a 3-phase forward fault condition” on page 5-8. This expansion of the
characteristic ensures correct operation for zero voltage faults at the relay lo-
cation, and for forward capacitive faults.
.
X
No Memory
Voltage
Line Z
Full
Memory
Voltage
R
Z
rce
Sou
Figure 5.6: Effect of using Memorized Voltage on a 3-phase forward fault condition
Ring Filter The voltage memory in the relay uses a ring filter implemented in software.
The ring filter is a high-Q bandpass filter, with the frequency response centered
on the nominal system frequency. The effect of the ring filter is to retain some
voltage information for approximately 150 cycles, even if the measured system
voltage is severely depressed by a fault.
VA Ring Filter
Sequence
VB Ring Filter Component Vpos_mem
Filter
VC Ring Filter Vpos_mem
correct? Vpolarizing
Sequence
Component Vpos
Filter
Fault
Ring Filter
Memory Voltage
The ring filter is designed to adjust the center of the frequency response to ac-
count for small variations of the power system frequency. When the measured
voltage drops below 0.5 Vsec, the ring filter explicitly uses the nominal system
frequency as the center point of the bandpass filter. During this condition, or
when the system frequency varies widely or rapidly, as during out-of-step con-
ditions, the ring filter could provide an incorrect output. During these condi-
tions, the 21P and 21N Mho/Quad elements use the positive-sequence voltage
derived from the system voltage directly from the line VTs until the voltage
output of the ring filter is correct. If the measured positive sequence voltage is
below 1 Vsec, then the Mho/Quad elements use the positive sequence voltage
derived from the memory voltage.
Directional The relay includes a directional element that directly supervises the Zone 1 to
Element Zone 5 phase and ground distance elements. The directional element considers
negative-sequence impedance, zero-sequence impedance, or positive-se-
quence impedance, depending on relay settings and system conditions at the
time of the fault. The element declares a forward fault when the impedance de-
termined by the directional element is within 90° of the line impedance.
jX
Forward
Line Impedance
90.0
Line Z Angle
R
Reverse
The directional element in the relay is always enabled. The directional element
actually consists of 3 separate internal elements: a negative-sequence element,
a zero-sequence element, and a positive-sequence element. The negative-se-
quence and zero-sequence elements use directly measured currents and voltag-
es. The positive-sequence element uses directly measured current, and a
memory voltage from the ring filter. The sensitivity for the negative- and zero-
sequence elements may be set by the user, to correctly account for load condi-
tions and system configuration. Both of these elements may be disabled as
well. The positive-sequence element is always active.
Directional Element
Y
3P Fault
Directional Valid -
Ground
N Minimum Sensitivity
Threshold
A
F
Directional
Y Y Y
Z2 V2 Directional F Element -
ON I2 Ground
Check R
N N R
Y Y Y Directional
Z0 3V0 Directional F F
Element
ON 3I0 Check Directional
Asserted
Element -
N N R Phase
R
A
Y YF
V1 (mem) Directional
I1 Check
N R
For 3-phase faults, the directional element will only consider the positive se-
quence calculation.
For other phase-phase faults, the directional element will consider, in order, the
negative-sequence calculation, the zero-sequence calculation, and the positive-
sequence calculation. The directional element will only move from one calcu-
lation to the next calculation if insufficient sequence voltages and currents ex-
ist to make a valid calculation.
For phase-ground faults, the directional element will first consider the nega-
tive-sequence calculation and then the zero-sequence calculation. The posi-
tive-sequence calculation is not used. The directional element will only move
from one calculation to the next calculation if insufficient sequence voltages
and currents exist to make a valid calculation.
The negative-sequence calculation determines the angle between the measured
negative-sequence impedance, and the positive-sequence line impedance angle
Directional The output of the directional element asserts when the direction is determined
Element to be “forward”. This output is used internally by protection functions directly
supervised by the element, and is also available as the “Directional Element -
Outputs Phase” and “Directional Element - Ground” indications in ProLogic equations.
The directional element also provides the “Directional Valid - Phase” and “Di-
rectional Valid - Ground” output for use in ProLogic equations. This output as-
serts when any one of the active sequence impedance calculations has
sufficient input quantities to make a valid direction determination, regardless
of the actual direction. The two outputs can be combined in a ProLogic equa-
tion to enable a secure forward or reverse directional outputs from the relay,
for example.
Directional The default setting of the directional element in the relay should be correct for
Element most applications. The default settings enable both the negative-sequence and
zero-sequence calculations, with the minimum sensitivities as described. There
Settings are some applications where it may be advisable to change the sensitivity
thresholds for the negative-sequence or zero-sequence calculations, or it may
be desirable to disable one or both of these elements.
Selecting “Directional Element Override Enabled” allows user settings for the
negative-sequence and zero-sequence directional elements.
The settings for the negative-sequence voltage sensitivity and negative-se-
quence current sensitivity should be normally higher than the maximum nega-
tive sequence quantities generated by unbalanced load. These settings should
also be low enough to maintain sensitivity for the minimum unbalanced fault,
in terms of negative sequence quantities.
The zero-sequence directional element can be used in many applications. How-
ever, where strong mutual coupling between parallel lines exist, the zero-se-
quence calculation must be disabled to prevent an incorrect directional
determination. The sensitivity settings should be low enough to permit opera-
tion during the lowest expected ground fault in terms of zero-sequence quanti-
ties expected during a fault, and high enough to allow for normal load
imbalance.
Negative-Sequence Enable/Disable
21P and 21N The phase selector algorithm for the relay ensures that:
Phase Selector
• 21N only trips on single-phase-to-ground fault, so as to prevent 21N from
false tripping for phase-to-phase-to-ground faults with arc resistance
• Supervise 21P for low Source Impedance Ratio (SIR) ratios and single-
phase-to-ground faults at 20% of line reach or below.
Algorithm Details
The phase selector uses a combination of positive, negative and zero sequence
current phasors to correctly determine the faulty phase. No user settings are re-
quired for the phase selector functionality. An OR function with angle checks
between I1 and I2 as well as the angle between I2 and I0. The OR function al-
lows the algorithm to adapt to various fault conditions and provide the correct
fault type. When energizing a line with a T-tapped load, the user may have sys-
tem conditions where no pre-trigger load current is available. Using positive
and negative sequence currents alone may cause an incorrect fault determina-
tion if the load current is significantly large enough to affect the total positive
sequence current, which includes both load and fault current. Our algorithm
overcomes this problem.
In the above criteria only one can become true at a time. They are used to su-
pervise 21N_A, 21N_B, 21N_C respectively.
Table 5.5: Angular difference between negative and zero sequence currents
for various faults
During fault conditions the system frequency may change causing a drift in the
angle difference being calculated by the phase selector. The locked pre-trigger
load current vector is adjusted accordingly based on this angle difference be-
tween the pre-trigger positive sequence voltage and the positive sequence volt-
age during the fault. If the faulted positive sequence voltage shifts, the angle
difference is taken into account. (i.e. the same angle relationship remains along
the fault duration.)
rectionality. When the series capacitor is located at the far end of the line or
middle of the line, the compensation factor setting should be set to zero.
Capacitance When a fault occurs, especially on a line with high source to impedance ratio
Coupled Voltage (SIR), the CCVT secondary voltage can become quite different from the actual
(CCVT) system voltage varying in both magnitude and phase due to the transient re-
Transformer on 21 sponse of the CCVT. This transient response can cause device 21 overreach
Devices significantly. A special CCVT transient compensation algorithm (Patent Pend-
ing) has been included in L-PRO 4500 relay to address this issue.
The CCVT transient compensation algorithm uses a combination of techniques
with digital filters, vector averages and other means to rebuild the correct volt-
age from the transient distorted voltage waveforms. This combination of tech-
niques provides a secure method for detecting and correcting CCVT transient
phenomena. On one hand, it improves the reach accuracy of 21 devices dra-
matically during the period of the CCVT subsidence transient. On the other
hand, it will not sacrifice the relay operation speed very much. It does not add
any additional delay when the SIR is low (<1.2). In the worst case, it adds about
one cycle delay when the SIR is high (>15). For the operation time details, refer
to “IED Specifications” in Appendix A.
68 Power Swing The Power Swing function can be used as a tripping or blocking function. This
function consists of 2 sets of inner and outer impedance Zones on the R-X
plane, for details see Figure 5.12: Power Swing Characteristic on page 5-18.
Set the Power swing zones to different values and to have the Power Swing
function operate for different system conditions. The Power swing zones are
quadrilateral characteristic and the reactance lines with the same angle as the
angle chosen for the line positive sequence impedance. Outputs from the outer
and the inner power swing zones are available on the output matrix for use with
other types of Power Swing schemes or for monitoring.
X4
X3
Zone 5
Zone 3
R1 R2 R3 R4
Zone 2
Line Z1
Zone 1
Line Angle
R
Zone 4
X2
X1
The basic Power Swing scheme looks at the positive sequence impedance of
the line with respect to the line loading. If the line loading causes the imped-
ance to cross the outer Zone, an Power Swing timer is started. If the impedance
does not cross the inner zone before this timer times out, the function produces
an output (either a block or trip whichever is set) when the impedance crosses
the inner Zone. The entire activity is supervised by an overcurrent function to
prevent undesired operations for impedances far from the origin.
The logic has a timeout feature that prevents the blocking function from oper-
ating for an indefinite amount of time. Device 68 functions as either a blocking
device or tripping device. The 68 Power Swing (68 Trip or 68 Block), 68 Inner
and 68 Outer Zone logic points are available in the output matrix. These logic
points are also logged as event messages in the event log, “Event Messages”
in Appendix D In addition, the outputs from the inner and outer Zones are
available for use with ProLogic to create any application scheme required.
If the user selects Device 68 to block for Power Swing conditions, the relay en-
ergizes the front panel alarm LED when the 68 elements are blocking. If the
user selects the 68 to trip for Power Swing conditions the relay energizes the
front panel target light.
Zone Blocking
Top Blinder
Bottom Blinder
Line
Energization Vpos - VposOld > 10 volts
The Logic shown in “Line Energization Supervision Logic” on page 5-20 has
been introduced in order to prevent potentially erroneous operations of the 21
upon energizing of T-tapped transmission lines that have transformers connect-
ed and the PT connected on the line side of the breaker. This logic does not re-
quire any user setting.
In this logic, the present positive sequence voltage is compared with the posi-
tive sequence voltage of 2 cycles previously. In an energization situation, the
VposOld would be near zero V and the present Vpos would be approximately
the nominal. As time goes by the old Vpos gets updated with the nominal volt-
age and would eventually equal the present. When it gets within 10 V second-
ary the top input to the AND gate would reset, go to zero, and reset the blocking
function.
The second input is the previous 2 cycle positive sequence voltage and has an
undervoltage setting of 30 V. This input goes high to block the distance relays
only if the positive sequence voltage from 2 cycles back was less than 30 V
(approximately 50% nominal), so, for a line that has been previously energized
and now experiences a fault, no distance relay blocking takes place.
The third input (the bottom one) produces an output only if the positive se-
quence line current is less than 4% nominal or 4.0% of 5 A secondary = 0.20
A secondary. If this current has been that low for the 1 second pickup time de-
lay this input to the AND gate would go high. For a de-energized line this input
would normally be high to allow the blocking scheme to operate if the other
two inputs are high. This input along with input two are present to help prevent
any distance relay blocking for a line that is in service and is now experiencing
a line fault.
Switch-On-To- When energizing a line that has been out of service, the line may have a fault
Fault (SOTF) on it. If the line potential is derived from bus PTs, the distance relay function
acts normal and operates for any fault that exists when the line is energized. If
the line uses line PTs, the output of these line PTs is zero before energizing.
Because there is no memory voltage, operation of the line distance functions
may be undefined. To provide protection to detect faults when a line is first en-
ergized, the Switch-On-To-Fault function (SOTF) is involved.
SOTF Enable
50 ILa RMS
<4% I nominal A1
50 ILb RMS B1
RMS fixed 50 ILc RMS
27 Under Voltage A1
50 ILa Trip
50 ILb Trip
C1
50 ILc Trip
50N Enable
50N Trip
21P2 Alarm
21N2 Alarm
21 Zone 2 Enable
21P3 Alarm
21N3 Alarm
21 Zone 3 Enable
IL2a / IL1a
2nd Harmonic
IL2b / IL1b
Block
IL2c / IL1c
2nd Harmonic Restraint Enable
Close Command
This method can be applied where the relay can get the Breaker Close com-
mand from control panel manual close switch (TNC) or SCADA Close com-
mand. This Close command should reach the relay as an External Input or a
Virtual Input or ProLogics to initiate SOTF logic.
This method ensures that all the poles or any one pole are in dead condition for
more than the A1 timer by checking the current level (i.e. lower than 4% of
nominal), then it will enable the SOTF function.
Status Monitoring
This method can be applied where the relay can get Breaker status (52A). This
Breaker Status Monitoring signal should reach the relay as an External Input
or a Virtual Input to initiate SOTF logic.
This method will monitor all the pole statuses as well as each pole load current.
The SOTF function is enabled whenever current value is changing from 0 to
more than 4% of nominal or any pole Breaker status is changing from open to
close.
Both options have a common Pick-up delay (i.e. timer B1), which will allow
to extend the SOTF function enabled up-to the desired settable duration. Typ-
ically, this timer value shall be equal to Zone 2 time delay setting.
Switch-On-To-Fault Enabled/Disabled
Close Pulse EI1 to EI 20, PL1 to PL24, VI1 to VI30 (This setting is
enabled when the Breaker signal setting is selected as
Close Command)
Main Breaker Status EI1 to EI 20, PL1 to PL24, VI1 to VI30 (This setting is
enabled when the Breaker signal setting is selected as
Status Monitoring)
Aux Breaker Status EI1 to EI 20, PL1 to PL24, VI1 to VI30 (This setting is
enabled when the Breaker signal setting selected as Sta-
tus Monitoring and the “ring bus/one and half breaker
configuration” is enabled)
Pole Dead Pick-up Timer (A1, 0.0 to 999.9 Seconds (This setting is enabled when the
Pick-up timer) Breaker signal setting is selected as Close Command or
when the Undervoltage supervision is enabled.)
Weak Infeed Weak Infeed provides tripping if fault levels are too low to activate the distance
(WI) units. If enabled, this function sends a permissive trip signal even if the fault
level seen by the relay is very low as when the line breaker is open. The posi-
tive sequence and zero sequence voltage detectors allow the relay to echo back
a permissive signal to allow the end with fault current to trip quickly without
the need for an auxiliary b contact.
25/27/59 Sync The relay can bring in voltages from both line and bus PTs. The Line Sync
Check Check function, if enabled, looks at the voltage steady state angle between the
line and bus PT voltage. If this angle is within a plus/minus specified value, (+/
- 1 to 50 degree magnitude range of setting available), the function enables a
definite time delay pickup (user-selectable 0 to 10 seconds) after which time
an output is produced.
The line sync reference voltage is taken from a bus source. The relay can bring
one single phase-to-neutral voltage. The Aux. Voltage Input setting on the Sys-
tem Parameters screen allows the single-phase quantity to be set to either A, B
or C phase. If the relay hardware is ordered with six voltage inputs, all unused
single-phase inputs must be grounded for proper operation.
The Dead Main Live Auxiliary (DMLA), Live Main Dead Auxiliary (LMDA)
and Dead Main Dead Auxiliary (DMDA) logic functions use fixed values of
main and auxiliary positive sequence secondary voltages to determine the Sync
Check condition. The voltage is fixed at 20 V secondary, voltages below 20 V
are declared a dead state and voltages above 20 V are declared a live state.
When enabled, this function checks that the voltage angle between the line PT
and bus PT are within a specified value. Use this function to ensure that closing
a line to a system will result in acceptable power flow. The function uses pos-
itive sequence voltage, and therefore, can accommodate single-phase sources
as well as 3-phase sources. If a single-phase source is used, it must be connect-
ed to the corresponding phase designation on the relay input. For example: If
only a B-phase bus PT is available, it should be connected to the relay input B-
phase terminals. In this example, the voltage and angle limit is 20 degrees with
no pickup or drop out delay.
The Dead Main Live Auxiliary, Live Main Dead Auxiliary and Dead Main
Dead Auxiliary logic functions use fixed values of main and auxiliary positive
sequence secondary voltages to determine the sync check condition. The volt-
age is fixed at 20 V secondary. Voltages below 20 V are declared a dead state
and voltages above 20 V are declared a live state.
Main/Aux
79 Recloser The relay provides single-phase tripping and reclosing and 3-phase tripping
and reclosing on the 4500 hardware platform.
The schemes available are user-programmable and consist of the following
user setting options:
• 3-Phase Trip and Reclose Scheme
• 1-Phase Trip and Reclose Scheme
• 1-Phase/3-Phase Trip and Reclose Scheme
Please note that the user can select only one scheme at a time, although the user
can change the scheme selected by using the setting groups within the setting
software.
79-3Ph Recloser
Number of Shots 1 to 4
79-1Ph Recloser
Number of Shots 1
Lockout Indication
Lockout indication is provided for the lead and follower breaker. The lead and
follower lockout indication is set for a fixed time delay pickup of the close sig-
nal time (TP) plus 1.0 second. When the recloser goes to the lead lockout con-
dition, the breaker out of service timers are set to zero seconds and
automatically pick up. If the recloser is in the lead lockout state, the logic re-
mains in that state for setting (TD) seconds after the main or auxiliary breaker
is manually closed. The follower lockout condition occurs when the follower
breaker receives a close signal and the breaker remains open. If the recloser is
in the follower lockout state, the logic remains in that state for setting (TD) sec-
onds after the follower breaker is manually closed.
The recloser provides flexibility with lead and follower breaker options. The
lead breaker is in the main or auxiliary position. This allows the user to control
the lead circuit breaker with complete Dead Main Live Auxiliary, Live Main
Dead Auxiliary, Dead Main Dead Auxiliary or Live Main Live Auxiliary su-
pervision (angle limit and voltage limit). The user also has the ability to control
the 79 remotely or locally with external or virtual inputs. The 79 recloser mon-
itors the breaker contact “a” status and automatically moves the follower
breaker into the lead position when the lead breaker is removed from service,
after an out-of-service time delay setting. For details of auto-recloser examples
see “Recloser Operation Example” in Appendix L.
Sync Control
The flexibility provided with device 79 allows the user to control 1 or 2 circuit
breakers with complete Dead Main Live Auxiliary, Live Main Dead Auxiliary,
Dead Main Dead Auxiliary or Live Main Live Auxiliary supervision (slip fre-
quency). Sync control is provided on the lead breaker only, because the follow-
er breaker always recloses after the lead breaker has successfully closed.
ProLogic can be used to supervise follower breaker closing attempts if an ex-
ternal input is used to signal that the follower breaker has a valid sync check
signal from an external device (e.g. PLC).
The Pole Dead/Live detection for the 79 1-phase scheme can be set to either
CB Status or Phase Current detection methods. In the CB Status Method, the
pole dead/live detection is performed by monitoring the circuit breaker status
input configured on the Breaker Status screen (see “Breaker Status” on page 7-
27). The Phase Current detection method monitors the phase currents to deter-
mine the dead/live condition for the circuit breaker. If measured current flow
is less than 4% nominal current (0.2 A for 5 A relay) the breaker is considered
to be open (see “79 1-Ph Recloser Initiation” on page 5-69).
During the single pole open condition while in the single pole tripping mode,
unbalanced line load current will create negative and zero sequence line quan-
tities. In order to override these unbalances, provisions have been made in the
relay logic to allow the user to apply modified protective relay settings to the
line protections that will be automatically applied while the line is in a phase
open condition. These settings can be determined through load flow and fault
study cases for the protected line. Once the line phase recloses, the protective
settings that have been modified will return to their original settings. In this
way, protection security can be maintained while the line goes through a single
phase trip and reclose operation.
The drawing for the single phase reclosing logic is shown on the L-PRO 4500
Function Logic Diagram.
59 Main/ The relay provides overvoltage protection from both the bus and line PTs. Each
Auxiliary input has two definite time delay functions.
Overvoltage
Gate Switch (Setting)
59 Va Main 1/2
59 Vb Main 1/2
T
59 Vc Main 1/2
0
The definite time delay main overvoltage function, similar to the undervoltage
function, looks at all 3 phase-to-neutral voltages. This function uses the RMS
voltages to make this determination of overvoltage and is settable to an AND
or OR logic.
The auxiliary overvoltage function operates exactly the same way as the main
overvoltage function except that (i) it uses voltage from the auxiliary PT inputs
and (ii) the gate switch setting of the 59 Aux. is forced to OR when the Aux.
Voltage Input setting is set to one phase (A, B or C phase).
59N Zero The relay provides Zero sequence overvoltage protection from line side PT.
Sequence The element operates on the residual voltage quantity 3V0. The element has
one DTL and one Inverse Time stage
Overvoltage
The device 59N Inverse Time provides three IEC inverse time curve types,
three IEEE inverse time types of Zero sequence overvoltage protection and one
user defined curve .The equation and the parameters of device 59N are listed
below.
Pickup
T (3V0) =TMS (B+ (A/ ((3V0/3V0pickup) p -1)))
Reset
T (3V0) =TMS (TR/ (1-(3V0/3V0pickup) 2))
N
Curve Type A B P TR
O
1 IEC Standard Inverse 0.14 (Fixed) 0.00 (Fixed) 0.02 (Fixed) 13.5
2 IEC Very Inverse 13.5 (Fixed) 0.00 (Fixed) 1.00 (Fixed) 47.3
Table 5.14: Table 4.13: 59N Zero Sequence Overvoltage setting functions
A 0.0010 to 1000.0
B 0.0000 to 10.0
p 0.01 to 10.0
TR 0.10 to 100.0
27 Main/ The relay provides undervoltage protection from both the bus and line PTs.
Auxiliary These functions are definite time delay functions.
Undervoltage The definite time main undervoltage function looks at the phase-to-neutral
voltage of all 3 phases to determine an undervoltage condition. The fundamen-
tal RMS voltage is used for this calculation. If any of the phase-to-neutral volt-
ages is below the set value, the function starts the definite time delay timer. The
user can set this function to be an AND or OR logic.
The auxiliary undervoltage function operates exactly the same way as the main
overvoltage function except that (i) it uses voltage from the auxiliary PT inputs
and (ii) the gate switch setting of the 59 Aux. is forced to AND when the Aux.
Voltage Input setting is set to one phase (A, B or C phase).
60 Loss of
Potential (LOP)
27 VLa (0.75 pu fixed)
27 VLb (0.75 pu fixed)
27 VLc (0.75 pu fixed)
50 Ipos
50 3I0
The relay distance elements (21P and 21N) are supervised by both instanta-
neous non-directional overcurrent and the loss of potential (LOP) logic to pre-
vent false trip due to the loss of potential, where the phase distance elements
are supervised by the delta current (i.e. Ia-Ib, Ib-Ic and Ic-Ia), and the ground
distance elements are supervised by both the phase current and the zero se-
quence (3I0) current.
The loss of potential (LOP) function uses rate of change values for the positive
sequence voltage and current signal along with voltage and current supervision
to detect loss of potential conditions. This function operates very fast and been
field proven to block the distance elements during potential transferring be-
tween buses.
The function looks for a negative rate of change on the positive sequence volt-
age while determining if the positive sequence current is changing. A loss of
potential in itself should result in only a loss of voltage or a negative rate of
change of voltage. A fault results in a high rate of change of current as well. In
some rare cases there is a negative rate of change of fault current, therefore we
use an absolute rate of change of current. When the loss of potential condition
is detected, it is latched until all the 3-phase voltages are above 75% or a pos-
itive rate of change of voltage is detected. So the circuit detects a loss of poten-
tial that results in a voltage of less than 75%. Select positive and zero sequence
current blocking functions above the maximum load current, this ensures that
LOP does not pick up on fault.
A dropout timer has been added on the di/dt signal (in front of gate 169) to en-
sure that the di/dt signal will not reset earlier than the dv/dt signal. This change
improves the security of the algorithm in some particular fault situations.
If desired, negative sequence monitoring can be enabled to provide enhanced
performance against PT fuse failure conditions occur during line energization.
Note that the positive and zero sequence current blocking level
should be set above the maximum line current. This function is fast
enough to provide blocking of the distance functions for schemes that
use bus potential inputs that are sometimes transferred without the
need for any external blocking inputs.
60 CT The relay provides CT secondary circuit supervision function for both main
Supervision and auxiliary CT’s. The element operates on presence of negative sequence
current Inps on main CT above the set vale and the absence of negative se-
quence voltage Vnps (below the set value, line PT) principle.
The auxiliary CT Supervision function operates exactly the same way as the
main CT Supervision function except that it uses the Inps current from the aux-
iliary CT inputs. The auxiliary CT Supervision function is only available on the
10CT, 6PT model.
Main Enable/Disable
Auxiliary Enable/Disable
(Available on 10CT, 6PT model)
81 Frequency The relay has 4 frequency devices available. Each frequency element can be
set to operate either at a fixed level of under-frequency, a fixed level of over-
frequency, or at a rate of change level (df/dt). The df/dt function can be set to
operate for a positive rate of change or a negative rate of change. Each frequen-
cy element has a definite time delay setting to create a time delayed output. A
fixed level of positive sequence voltage of 0.25 pu provides an undervoltage
inhibit on each element
T
Frequency (Hz)
O
T
df/dt (Hz/s)
O
Four frequency elements are provided with adjustable definite time delays.
Frequency is determined from the main voltage input (3 phase voltage).
50LS Individual overcurrent devices are provided for the main and auxiliary CTs.
Overcurrent These individual overcurrent devices can be used with ProLogic to create logic
or used directly from the Output Matrix.
The auxiliary 50LS function is only available on the 10CT, 6PT model.
50BF Breaker The Breaker Failure (BF) protection function detects breaker failures. There
Failure are two sets of breaker failure protection functions, 50BF Main and 50BF Aux-
iliary. When breaker failure is detected by a trip or other internal logic (user-
settable through the output matrix) and the breaker current still exists, two tim-
ers (T1 and T2, user-settable) are started. When the timers are timed out and
the current still exists (which indicates breaker failure), the output of this func-
tion is set high. Use the two outputs of this function to trip another trip coil or
the next level of breakers, such as bus breakers.
The 50BF Auxiliary function is only available for the 10CT, 6PT model and is
only available in a ring-bus configuration.
Sin gle Ph as e
T rip Picku p D elay 1
A P ha se 5 0 I 1b > B re ake r
T rip M ain Ext erna l 50BF-1 Main Trip
C urren t P ickup
B Ph ase In itiat e
Picku p D elay 2
C P ha se
T rip
Main Enable/Disable
Main
The L-PRO breaker failure protection can be initiated by any protection func-
tion located within the L-PRO relay by initiating the BFI column in the Output
Matrix screen. When the breaker failure function is initiated this way several
modes of operation may occur.
1. If the 3 Pole tripping option for the relay is selected, initiation of the BFI
column in the Output matrix will result in 3 pole breaker failure initiation.
Output of the breaker failure function will then be a three pole output. The
3 pole BF initiation will occur regardless of the type of fault detected, sin-
gle phase or multi-phase fault.
2. If the 1 Pole (single pole) tripping option for the relay is selected, initiation
of the BFI column in the Output matrix will result in a 1 pole breaker fail-
ure initiation if a single phase trip by a protection function operates. If a
multi phase fault occurs, a multi-phase protection function will be initiated
and the BF initiation will be a 3 pole breaker failure. For this case all three
poles of the breaker will be checked to see if they open correctly. Breaker
failure operation will result in 3 pole backup breaker tripping just like the
single pole BF initiation.
3. If the 1/3 Pole Scheme tripping option for the relay is selected, the breaker
failure initiation will be a combination of (1) and (2) above, with single or
three pole BF initiation as required by the fault detection.
The breaker failure function can also be initiated by an input to one of the ex-
ternal inputs from an outside protective relay or by a ProLogic input. This input
can be a phase segregated input that can come from a single pole trip from an
external relay.
The breaker failure logic uses a current detector that is user settable in the 50BF
Setting screen to determine whether a pole is open or closed in the range of 0.1
- 50 A secondary. There are two (2) breaker failure functions available per line
breaker with adjustable pickup definite time delays from 0.01 to 99.9 seconds.
In any case, the output of the Breaker Failure function must be set to close out-
put contacts to perform its function. This is done by mapping the BF output to
the appropriate output contact in the Output Matrix screen.
1. Alpha is the angle by which current leads or lags the positive real axis of V1
ref. Alpha is a positive in value if current leads V1 ref and vice versa.
2. Beta is the angle by which current leads or lags the Alpha boundary. Beta
is set to a positive value if current leads Alpha angle and vice versa.
50/51/67 Phase Phase Overcurrent provides backup protection to the line. The user can define
Overcurrent directional or non directional control on either 50 or 51 functions.
Device 51 provides 3 IEC inverse time curve types, 3 IEEE inverse time types
of overcurrent protection and one user-defined curve. The equation and the pa-
rameters of Device 50/51/67 are listed below.
No Curve Type A B p TR
The 51 Reset time (equation 6) is the equivalent of the disk reset time on an
electro-mechanical induction disk overcurrent relay.
50 Enable/Disable
51 Enable/Disable
Curve Type For details see Table 5.21: IEC and IEEE Curves on page
42.
A 0.0010 to 1000.0000
B 0.0000 to 10.0000
p 0.01 to 10.00
TR 0.10 to 100.00
50N/51N/67 Neutral calculated overcurrent provides backup protection for line to ground
Neutral faults. The user can define directional or non directional control on either 50N
or 51N functions. 51N can also be configured for use in the communication
Calculated scheme. All the curve definitions are the same as the phase overcurrent except
Overcurrent that this function uses 3I0 rather than phase current. The equation is:
All parameters for Equations 5 and 6 are defined in Table 5.23: 50N/51N/67
Neutral Overcurrent Settings on page 44.
50N Enable/Disable
51N Enable/Disable
Curve Type For details see Table 5.21: IEC and IEEE Curves on page 42.
A 0.0010 to 1000.0000
B 0.0000 to 10.0000
p 0.01 to 10.00
TR 0.10 to 100.00
50G/51G/67 Neutral measured overcurrent provides backup protection for line to ground
Neutral faults. The user can define directional or non directional control on either 50G
or 51G functions. All of the curve definitions are the same as the neutral cal-
Measured culated overcurrent except that this function uses measured neutral current
Overcurrent rather than calculated 3I0 current. The equation is:
All parameters for Equations 9 and 10 are defined in Table 5.24: 50G/51G/67
Neutral Overcurrent Settings.
50G Enable/Disable
51G Enable/Disable
Curve Type For details see Table 5.21: IEC and IEEE Curves on page 42.
A 0.0010 to 1000.0000
B 0.0000 to 10.0000
p 0.01 to 10.00
TR 0.10 to 100.00
46-50/46-51/67 Negative Sequence Overcurrent provides further backup protection for any un-
Negative balanced faults. The user can define directional or non direction all control on
either 46-50 or 46-51 functions. All the curve definitions are the same as the
Sequence Phase Overcurrent. The only difference is that this function uses the negative
Overcurrent sequence current (I2) rather than phase current. The equation is:
46-50 Enable/Disable
46-51 Enable/Disable
Curve Type For details see Table 5.21: IEC and IEEE Curves on page
42.
A 0.0010 to 1000.0000
B 0.0000 to 10.0000
p 0.01 to 10.00
TR 0.10 to 100.00
Adaptive The relay provides an adaptive additional time delay (maximum 16 ms) re-
Additional sponse to the 50 O/C elements to prevent operation during RFI testing with
minimal pickup set points and operation near pickup.
Delay for 50 O/C
Elements This adaptive delay is applied to: 50LS-1, 50LS-2, 50LS-3, 50LS-4, 50, 50N,
50G, 46/50.
If the Pickup Delay setting (Tp) < 20ms AND Pickup Level setting <Inominal
(nominal current), an extra 8 ms delay is added. After this 8 ms timer expires,
if I < threshold, the second 8 ms extra delay will be added in addition to the
original Tp. If I > threshold after the first 8 ms timer expires, only Tp is used
for the delay. (Note: Tp is the setting which is less than 20 ms, could be 0 ms).
46BC - Broken The Broken Conductor (46BC) function can detect unbalanced series or open-
Conductor circuit faults (referred to as series faults from here on). Series faults can arise
from broken conductors or jumpers, misoperation of single phase switchgear
and the operation of series fuses. Series faults do not cause an increase in phase
currents in the system and thus are not easily detectable by standard overcur-
rent relays. However, series faults produce an unbalance and a detectable level
of negative sequence current.
A negative sequence overcurrent relay (46-50/46-51) could possibly be used to
detect series fault conditions. However, on a lightly loaded line, the negative
sequence current resulting from a series fault may be very close to, or less than,
the full load steady state unbalance in the system. A negative sequence element
therefore would not operate at low load levels. For this reason, the 46BC func-
tion is used to detect series faults.
The function incorporates an element which measures the ratio of negative se-
quence to positive phase sequence current (I2/I1). This ratio is affected less se-
verely than the measurement of negative sequence current alone, since the ratio
remains approximately constant with variations in load current. This ratio al-
lows for a more sensitive setting to be achieved.
An adequate time delay should be used to coordinate with other protective de-
vices and to ensure that the device does not trip during the operation of single
phase switchgear or during re-close sequences.
IL B < U n de r C urre nt Se tt in g
Z Circle Trigger
X
The Impedance Circle Trigger (Z Circle Trigger) triggers the relay to record on
a dynamic swing disturbance — only used to trigger a recording. This trigger
is usually set outside the last protection zone used and blocked during LOP
conditions.
Fault Locator Whenever a fault occurs and the line trips, the fault locator calculates the fault
type and the distance to the fault. This information is available from the front
display of the relay or through Port 010, 51A or the SCADA port or through
Relay Control Panel software. Fault locator information can also be captured
optionally in event records. Fault locator can be enabled/disabled through set-
tings (system parameters).
The fault locator is initiated by the following logic:
• 21 Trip
• 50N Trip
• 50G Trip
• 51 G Trip
• 51N Trip
• Scheme Trip
• 21 Alarm (configurable)
The relay fault locator uses the Takagi method of fault location. The imped-
ance calculated for a fault initiated by any of the above functions will be cal-
culated and compared with the line impedance to calculate distance to fault.
Mutual Compensation
The fault locator has the ability to take into account mutual compensation for
up to two lines in parallel with the protected line where the relay is applied.
The currents from the parallel line (s) is brought into the relay via current in-
puts 3I01 and 3I02. The currents from up to two parallel lines can be added to
determine the parallel line 3I0 current.
Op 1 Op 2
A
B Op 3
C Op 4
D Op 5
T
E O
In this screen, highlight the group number, and then hit Edit. Choose the de-
sired setting group number, and then hit Enter with the cursor in the return
character (bottom right).
50N/51N - OC The carrier trip logic is traditionally initiated by the Zone 2 distance elements,
Carrier Trip and but the relay provides the option to use Zone 3 as the starter, or 2 directional
neutral overcurrent elements that can be used in addition to the Zone 2/3 dis-
Block Logic tance elements. The device 51N time overcurrent element, and the 50N/67F in-
stantaneous overcurrent if enabled can be configured to drive the carrier trip
logic. The 51N is configured in the 50N/51N screen, while the 50N/67F is con-
figured in the scheme selector screen, both elements are forward directional el-
ements.
The scheme selector can also be configured to enable the 50N/67F and 50N/
67R directional overcurrent elements as inputs to ProLogic statements. The
50N/67F element can be set to either forward directional or non-directional
when selecting the action, “ProLogic Only”.
If the pickup delay setting (Tp) < 9 ms, then 9 ms will be used for the delay.
Otherwise Tp will be used for the delay. This change is always applied regard-
less of the direction setting (Non-dir, FWD, REV) and the 3I0 pickup level.
Note: If the directional element cannot determine a valid direction, the direc-
tion is set to “forward”, the 50N/67F may operate, and the 50N/67R element is
blocked. See “The zero-sequence directional element can be used in many ap-
plications. However, where strong mutual coupling between parallel lines ex-
ist, the zero-sequence calculation must be disabled to prevent an incorrect
directional determination. The sensitivity settings should be low enough to per-
mit operation during the lowest expected ground fault in terms of zero-se-
quence quantities expected during a fault, and high enough to allow for normal
load imbalance.” on page 5-13.
POTT Logic The POTT logic is used for tripping schemes where the local end over-reaches
the remote end for forward fault conditions, for details see Figure 5.29: Com-
munication-aided Scheme on page 5-58. The local end sends a permissive trip
signal to the remote end when one of the forward directional elements operates.
The scheme send signal (permissive transfer trip send) is time delayed by timer
setting TL3; the local end is required to sense a forward fault for durations
greater than TL3. The local end does not produce a scheme trip output unless
the remote has detected a forward directional fault and sends the similar per-
missive trip signal to the local end. The local end senses a permissive trip re-
ceive signal and the scheme trip closes the output contacts and removes the
fault contribution from the local end. The remote end acts in a similar fashion
and the fault contribution is removed from the remote end.
Current reversal logic guards against incorrect permissive tripping for installa-
tions with parallel lines where one end of the un-faulted line is contributing
fault current and the other end of the un-faulted line is over-reaching and send-
ing a permissive trip signal. The local reverse directional elements are used
with the permissive receive signal from the remote end to form the blocking
logic. The blocking logic is time delayed by timer setting TL1; the local end is
required to sense reverse faults while receiving the remote permissive trip for
durations greater than TL1. The blocking logic continues to block the scheme
send and scheme trip signals when the reverse fault detection or permissive trip
receive signals go low. Timer setting TD1 determines the current reversal
block extension time.
For line terminals with a weak source, fault conditions could occur on the pro-
tected line where no elements operate at the weak source. Weak infeed (WI)
logic enables the relay to protect lines where one end of the line has no source
or has a very weak source. The WI scheme can only be enabled if the user has
DCB Logic The DCB logic is used for tripping schemes where the local end over-reaches
the remote end for forward fault conditions, for details see Figure 5.29: Com-
munication-aided Scheme on page 58. Typically DCB is used when the com-
munications link may be disrupted during fault conditions, for example power
line carrier.
The local end sends a block trip signal to the remote end when one of the en-
abled reverse directional elements operates. The scheme send signal (block trip
send) is time delayed by timer setting TL3, the local end is required to sense a
reverse fault for durations greater than TL3. If one of the forward directional
elements operates the blocking logic does not operate. For forward directional
fault conditions the DCB logic is time delayed by timer setting TL2. The for-
ward fault condition has to last for durations greater than TL2. The local end
does not produce a scheme trip output if the remote has detected a reverse di-
rectional fault and sends the similar block trip signal to the local end. The local
end senses a block trip receive signal and the scheme trip logic is disabled with
no intentional delay. Current reversal logic guards against incorrect local trip-
ping for installations with parallel lines where one end of the un-faulted line is
contributing fault current and the other end of the un-faulted line is reverse
reaching and sending a block trip signal. The local forward directional ele-
ments are supervised by the block receive signal from the remote end to form
the blocking logic. The blocking logic reset is time delayed by timer setting
TD2; the local end is required to receive the remote block trip for durations
greater than 0 ms. The blocking logic continues to block the scheme trip signals
when the block trip receive signal goes low. Typically the block reset timer
TD2 is set longer than the forward directional elements reset time.
PUTT Logic The PUTT logic is used for tripping schemes where the local end under-reach
the remote end for close in forward fault conditions, for details see Figure 5.29:
Communication-aided Scheme on page 58. The local end sends a permissive
trip signal to the remote end when one of the forward directional elements op-
erates (Zone 1 distance elements). The scheme send signal (permissive transfer
trip send) is time delayed by timer setting TL3, the local end is required to
sense a forward fault for durations greater than TL3. The remote end does not
produce a scheme trip output unless a forward directional fault is detected and
the local end has sent the permissive trip signal. The remote end senses a per-
missive trip receive signal and the scheme trip closes the output contacts and
removes the fault contribution from the remote end. The remote end can act
quicker for fault conditions where the Zone 2 or 3 faults would be time delayed
unless the close in fault condition was not transferred by the scheme send.
DEF Scheme Although the 51N time overcurrent element and the 50N/67F instantaneous
overcurrent element can be enabled as an option in the distance scheme (see
above), it may not be desired for some applications due to the high sensitivity
in overcurrent elements. For such applications, the DEF scheme can be used as
an option. The DEF scheme provides Zone-2 monitoring to provide an extra
security to the logic.
The DEF scheme provides the options “Permissive tripping” and “Blocking”.
One communication receiver is available for the DEF scheme. The user can set
the communications receiver to use one of 24 external inputs or one of the 24
ProLogic statements or one of the 24 Virtual Inputs.
Similar to the distance scheme, the output matrix is used to configure the
scheme send (permissive trip or block), and the scheme trip (local tripping) to
any combination of the available output contacts. The user-set dropout exten-
sion on output contacts is eliminated on any contact that is configured to oper-
ate for the scheme send signal; The user can provide the pickup and dropout
time delay for scheme send with timer settings TL6 and TD6.
Permissive Permissive scheme logic allows rapid fault clearing for sensitive earth fault
Logic conditions occurred within the protected line.
The local end sends a permissive trip signal to the remote end when the direc-
tional element of overcurrent device recognizes a forward fault, for details see
Figure 5.29: Communication-aided Scheme on page 58. The scheme send sig-
nal (permissive transfer trip send) is time delayed by timer setting TL6, the lo-
cal end is required to sense a forward fault for durations greater than TL6. The
remote end does not produce a scheme trip output unless a forward directional
ground fault is detected with 21N Zone2 pickup and the local end has sent the
permissive trip signal.
Blocking Logic The basic operation of the block logic is very similar to the DCB logic in the
distance scheme except the directionality is purely based on the overcurrent el-
ement. Typically blocking logic is used when the communications link may be
disrupted during fault conditions, for example power line carrier.
The local end sends a block trip signal to the remote end when the reverse di-
rectional element operates. The scheme send signal (block trip send) is time de-
layed by timer setting TL6, the local end is required to sense a reverse fault for
durations greater than TL6. If one of the forward directional elements operates
the blocking logic does not operate. For forward directional fault conditions
the block logic is time delayed by 50 ms. The forward fault condition has to
last for durations greater than 50ms. The local end does not produce a scheme
trip output if the remote has detected a reverse directional fault and sends the
similar block trip signal to the local end.
21P1
101
21N1
Receiver #1
102
Receiver #2 103
(+)
PUTT SCHEME
21-2
50N-67R
105
104 21-4 R
Receiver #1 0
106
Receiver #2 TD2
(If DCB shceme
is selected, Zone
TL2
4 must be set 107
reverse) 0
DCB SCHEME
6ms
108
TWD1
60 110 0
111
3ms TWD3
TWD2
20ms
0 112
27 V1
113
59 V0
Weak Infeed
WEAK INFEED LOGIC Enable Switch
Receiver #1
120
Receiver #2
(+)
TL1
116 DCB DCB
TD1
50N-67F 119 PUTT PUTT
114 21-2 118
21P2 POTT BASIC POTT BASIC
21P3
21N2
21N3
Zone 2/
Zone 3 TL3
Starter Selection Distance Scheme Send
TD3
BLOCK DISABLED
50ms
3I0 > Pickup TCB
Reverse 122
0
0
BLOCK DISABLED
21N4 TL6
21P4 DEF Scheme Send
21N2 TD6
21P2 DEF
SCHEME SELECTOR TL6, TD6
21N1
21P1 range 0.1s
Fault Recording The relay provides DFR-quality fault recording, capturing input signal wave-
forms and external input states at a rate of 128 samples per cycle. Each record
also contains the timing of the internal logic produced by the relay (e.g. Device
51 trip). Obtain this information by uploading the records from the relay via
the Relay Control Panel file transfer process and view them with RecordBase
View software.
The quantities recorded are:
• 16 analog channels (6 voltages and 10 currents) @ 128 samples/cycle
which captures up to the 33rd harmonic
• External inputs @ 1 ms resolution
• Protection element output signals @ 8 samples/cycle
• ProLogic signals @ 8 samples/cycle
• Active setting group
The recorded protection element output signals includes Phase segregated Start
and Trip signals of the Distance trip, Backup Overcurrent, Back up Earth Fault,
Overvoltage, Undervoltage and CB Fail Protection.
Parameters that are user-selectable with respect to recording transients:
• Record length (0.2 to 10.0 seconds => 12 to 600 cycles @ 60 Hz Base) with
automatic extension to capture successive triggers
• Recorder triggering by any internal logic or external input signal (e.g. 52 A)
• Pre trigger time configurable between 0.10 to 2.00 seconds
Swing The relay records dynamic system responses allowing the user to analyze sys-
Recording tem stability and to provide a larger context for fault analysis. Swing records
contain positive sequence phasor measurements and system frequency calcu-
lated at a rate of 1 phasor per cycle. Swing records can extend to 2 minutes in
duration.
The quantities recorded are:
• Positive sequence impedance (magnitude)
• Positive sequence voltage (magnitude)
• Positive sequence current (magnitude)
• 3-Phase Reactive Power (Vars)
• 3-Phase Real Power (Watts)
Event The event recording provides permanent storage for the event log. The user can
Recording create an event record automatically or manually. When the event auto save is
enabled, an event record is created approximately every 250 events.
The user can initiate an event recording manually through the Relay Control
Panel.
Record Recording can be initiated automatically by the relay when a fault or abnormal
Initiation condition is detected. Set the relay to initiate a fault record on activation of any
of its trip or alarm functions or on assertion of any external digital inputs.
The assignment of fault record initiation to the various relay functions is done
through the relay’s Output Matrix settings (see “Recording Trigger” on page 5-
65).
A recording can also be initiated manually through the Relay Control Panel.
The commands Trigger Fault, Trigger Swing and Trigger Event are available
under the following path:
Relay Control Panel > Records
Also the relay display provides the option to initiate Fault Recording, under the
following path:
Main Menu > Records > Fault Recording
Record The length of each record is determined by the Record Length setting. Fault
Duration and (transient) record lengths can be set between 0.2 and 10.0 seconds; Swing re-
cord lengths can be set between 60 and 120 seconds. Pre-trigger times are con-
Extension figurable between 0.10 to 2.00 seconds for Fault records and fixed at 30
seconds for Swing records and are included as part of the normal record length.
The relay automatically extends a record as required to capture consecutive
triggers that are close together. If a trigger occurs while a recording is in prog-
ress, the record is extended to include the full post-trigger time of subsequent
triggers, up to a maximum length —12.0 seconds for Fault records; 180 sec-
onds for Swing records. If a trigger occurs before the end of a record caused by
a previous trigger, but too late to allow sufficient post-trigger time in a maxi-
mum extended record, a new overlapping record is created.
The normal record length settings are accessible under the Record Length
heading of the relay settings, and can be set with the Offliner Settings software.
Record Storage The relay compresses records on the fly, achieving a typical lossless compres-
sion rate of 4:1. As a result, the relay can store up to 150 Fault records, or up
to 150 Swing records, or a combination of 150 Fault, Swing and optionally
Event records. If the storage is full, new records automatically overwrite the
oldest, ensuring that the recording function is always available.
The record length and the number of events stored within the records may re-
duce how many records can be stored on the relay. The record storage capacity
may be reduced to 80 fault records if the record duration is set to 10 seconds.
Record A listing of stored records is available through the Relay Control Panel under
Retrieval and the Records > List menu. The listing transfers records to a connected PC and
deletes them from storage.
Deletion
Front Panel The front panel display shows events in abbreviated form (Trip
and Alarm events only).
Relay Control Panel The full event log is available through the Main Menu->Events of
the Relay Control Panel
SCADA The protocols included in the relay allow all the SCADA master
access to the event data from the relay (Trip and Alarm events
only).
Event Log Filter The relay event log contains a 100ms pickup filter to ensure that duplicate
events are not stored for the same protection function. When a protection func-
tion operates, only the first operation will be logged in the event log. If the pro-
tection function re-occurs within 100ms, it will be ignored by the event log.
50G-67 Trip 51G-67 Trip - “Line” Current Measured Zero Sequence Phasor
Device Output The Device Output Contact section of the Output Matrix allows for easy as-
Contacts signment of output contacts to devices. The same output contact may be as-
signed to multiple devices.
The assigned output contact will operate when the associated device transitions
to a High state. Each Output Contact can be configured as Self Reset, Latched
or Pulse reset type. For more details see “Output Contacts” on page 7-11.
Recording The Recording Trigger section of the Output Matrix allows for devices to be
Trigger assigned to initiate Fault and/or Swing recordings. When the assigned device
transitions to a High state, the recording is immediately initiated. See “Record-
ing Functions” on page 5-59 for more details on the recording functions.
Target LED The Target LED section of the Output Matrix allows for the front-panel Target
LEDs to be assigned to devices via the use of a drop-down box for each device.
The LEDs may be set to operate with or without “Target Latching” enabled
(see “Target LED Reset Type” on page 4-12).
Note: The “Target LED” function enables both the front panel LEDs
and the event pop-up message on the front panel LCD screen. If no
LED is assigned to the protection device, then there will be no target
event pop-up messages displayed on the LCD screen for that device.
Blocking & The Blocking & Initiation section of the Output Matrix is used to assign devic-
Initiation es to block and initiate the Recloser and Breaker Failure functions.
The 79I (initiate) and 79B (block) columns are used to assign devices to either
initiate a 3-Phase 79 Recloser sequence or to block the 1/3 Phase 79 Recloser
from operating. Monitor the Logic 4 metering screen to directly view the status
of the 79 initiate and 79 block. For more details on the 79 Recloser function,
see “79 Recloser” on page 5-25.
The BFI column is used to assign protection functions to initiate the 50BF
function. For more details on the 50BF function, see “50BF Breaker Failure”
on page 5-39.
Pole Tripping The “Poles” setting in the Output Matrix is used in conjunction with the 79 Re-
closer and 94 Tripping functions for single or three-phase Pole tripping. The
Pole tripping operation directly follows the operation of the 94 tripping func-
tion. When a 94 1-Ph trip occurs, the corresponding Pole output contact oper-
ations. When a 94 3-Ph trip occurs, all three Pole output contacts operate. See
the table in Figure 5.36: 94 Tripping Logic on page 5-68 for a list of functions
that support Single Pole Tripping (SPT).
If pole tripping is enabled for a particular output contact, that output contact
may not be assigned to any other function. For example, you may not assign
both Pole A Trip and 21N1 Trip to output contact 2, as shown in Figure 5.35:
Pole Tripping assignment.
94 Tripping The Output Matrix provides the ability to assign devices to trip a 94 Tripping
function which is used to initiate single pole tripping and as the internal initia-
tion for the 79 1-Ph Recloser. Any device may be assigned to the 94 1-Ph or
the 94 3-Ph outputs, however, only the devices listed in the table below are ca-
pable of initiating a 94 1-Ph trip. All other devices (those not listed in the table)
will cause a 3-Ph trip. The 94 Tripping function follows the logic shown in Fig-
ure 5.36: 94 Tripping Logic, and acts as an internal initiator for the 79-1Ph Re-
closer as shown in Figure 5.37: 79 1-Ph Recloser Initiation.
The 94 tripping outputs are not directly displayed in the event log, metering or
targets, but they can be monitored by assigning the 94 phase-wise outputs to
ProLogic functions. The Pole A/B/C trips are available in shown event log.
Single P hase
Trip
94 -1 Ph B P hase Trip
(Ouput Matrix)
94 B Phase
C P hase Trip
94-3 P h 94 C Phase
(Output Ma trix)
P rotectio n Mo de = 1
P rotectio n Mo de = 1/3
CB AR External
Initiation Pole A
CB AR External
Initiation Pole B
CB AR External
Initiation Pole C
The assignment for the 94 Tripping function is performed in the “94” column
of the Output Matrix. Directly assign a device to either the 94 1-Ph or 94 3-Ph
as shown in the Figure 5.38: 94 Tripping assignment on page 5-69.
Phase The Phase Indication Tripping function is used to provide phase indication for
Indication protection function operation via the output contacts and target LEDs. The user
may assign any output contact or LED to Phase A, Phase B, Phase C or
Tripping Ground. When a trip occurs for a supported protection function (see Table
5.31: Supported Phase Indication Tripping Functions), the assigned Phase out-
put contact and LED will operate.
21P1 Trip, 21P2 Trip, 21P3 Trip, 21P4 Trip, 21P5 Trip A, B, C, G
21N1 Trip, 21N2 Trip, 21N3 Trip, 21N4 Trip, 21N5 Trip A, B, C, G
50 Trip, 51 Trip A, B, C
50N Trip, 51N Trip A, B, C, G
50BF Main-1 Trip, 50BF Main-2 Trip, A, B, C
27 Main Trip, 27 Aux Trip, 59-1 Main Trip, 59-2 Main Trip, A, B, C
Distance Scheme Trip A, B, C, G
For any supported protection device, the user may assign both normal device
output contacts and phase indication output contacts. If the relay is configured
as shown in Figure 5.39: Phase Indication Tripping assignment, when a 21P1
AB Trip occurs:
• Phase A Output Contact 13 and Phase B Output Contact 14 will operate
• Phase A Target LED 14 and Phase B Target LED 15 will turn on
• 21P1 Trip Output Contact 2 will operate and Target LED 1 will turn on
External The External Blocking column of the Output Matrix provides the ability to
Blocking block the respective protection function operation completely (no event log,
LED indication, SCADA reporting etc.). Any External Input, ProLogic or Vir-
tual Input can be used to block protection functions.
DNP Protocol The relay supports a DNP3 (Level 2) SCADA connection. DNP3 is available
via a direct serial link or an Ethernet LAN connection using either TCP or
UDP.
Serial DNP communications can be utilized exclusively via the serial port (Port
52), an RS-485 terminal block port located on the back of the relay. An external
RS-485 to RS-232 converter can be used to connect the relay to an RS-232 net-
work. For details on connecting to serial port, see “Communicating with the
Relay Intelligent Electronic Device (IED)” on page 3-4, “Accessing the Re-
lay’s SCADA Services” on page 3-12 and “Communication Port Details” on
page 3-13.
Network DNP communications can be utilized via the network port. The net-
work port is available as an RJ-45 or ST fiber optic port on the rear of the relay.
DNP communications can be used with multiple masters when it is utilized
with TCP. For details on connecting to the Ethernet LAN, see “Network Link”
on page 3-6.
The data points available for DNP SCADA interface are user configurable.
Complete details regarding the DNP3 protocol emulation and data point lists
can be found in “DNP3 Device Profile” in Appendix F
SCADA The parameters for SCADA communications may be defined using L-PRO
Configuration 4500 Offliner.
and Settings If DNP3 LAN/WAN communications were chosen, the relay’s network pa-
rameters need to be defined. This is done via the Maintenance interface. Note
that this effort may already have been completed as part of the steps taken to
establish a network maintenance connection to the relay.
1. Establish a TUI session with the relay and login as maintenance. The fol-
lowing screen appears.
2. Select the first option by entering the number 1 followed by Enter. The fol-
lowing screen appears.
Figure 6.2: Change the network parameters as needed for the particular application
Offliner SCADA Details on using the Offliner software are available in “L-PRO Offliner Setting
Configuration Software” on page 7-2. Details on downloading a completed settings file to the
relay are available in “Sending a Setting File to the Relay” on page 7-6.
Open the Offliner application according to the instructions found in the indi-
cated section and highlight the SCADA Communication selection. The screen
appears as follows.
Enabling The IEC61850 port must be enabled in order to use the IEC61850 communi-
IEC61850 cation protocol on the IED. The IEC61850 port is enabled or disabled using the
relay’s Maintenance menu. See “Using HyperTerminal to Access the Relay’s
Communication Maintenance Menu” on page 3-7 for more details on the use of the Mainte-
nance Menu.
To enable the IEC61850 port:
1. Establish a TUI session with the relay and login as maintenance. The fol-
lowing screen appears.
2. Select the first option by entering the number 1 followed by <Enter>. The
following screen appears. Follow the prompts to enable the IEC61850 port
as shown in Figure 6.7:
Figure 6.7: Change the network parameters as needed for the particular application
Note that unit’s IP address can be used on the IEC61850 client side for unique
unit identification instead of a physical device “PD Name”. The publisher con-
figuration is defined in the ICD file and available for reading to any IEC61850
client. IEC61850 configuration is configured using the ERL 61850 Configura-
tor Tool software. Subscriber functionality is fixed and supported for the Vir-
tual Inputs only.
Introduction This section describes the supporting software used to set the relay parameters
and to analyze records. There are three main software tools used for these pur-
poses: L-PRO Offliner Setting Software, RecordGraph and ERL 61850 IED
Configurator. The L-PRO Offliner software will be described at length, while
the RecordGraph and ERL 61850 IED Configurator tools will be briefly intro-
duced.
L-PRO Offliner is used to configure all of the protection and system parameter
variables on the IED. Setting files are created locally on a personal computer
with the Offliner software and then are sent to the IED through Relay Control
Panel (see “Relay Control Panel” on page 4-16) via a communication link (see
“Communicating with the Relay Intelligent Electronic Device (IED)” on
page 3-4).
RecordGraph is a powerful record analysis tool used to analyze both high-
speed Fault Recordings and low-speed Swing Recordings. RecordGraph pro-
vides many useful tools including fault impedance plotting and harmonic anal-
ysis.
The ERL 61850 IED Configurator is used to configure ERLPhase IEC 61850
based devices for substation automation. This tool helps the user to map data
from remote GOOSE into ERLPhase IED data, to perform GOOSE mapping
from ERLPhase IEDs to other devices and to map the required RCB (Report
Control Block) datasets for SCADA.
Toolbar and The Offliner software includes the following menu and system tool bar.
Menu Structure
Help - Help Topics
About L-PRO Settings
Toolbar
Copy Setting Copy values from one Setting Brings up the Copy Inputs dialog box
Group Group to another.
Offliner The following table lists the keyboard shortcuts that Offliner provides.
Keyboard
Shortcuts Table 7.2: Keyboard Shortcuts
Ctrl+N Opens up a default setting file of the most recent setting version
Ctrl+Z Undo
Ctrl+X Cut
Ctrl+C Copy
Ctrl+V Paste
Ctrl+F6 Switches to the next open Offliner setting file, if more than one setting file is being
edited
Refresh
This button will manually refresh the graph if it has been zoomed.
Print Graph
To print a particular graph, click the Print Graph button.
Zoom on Graphs
Graphs can be zoomed to bring portions of the traces into clearer display. Left-
click on any graph and drag to form a small box around the graph area. When
the user releases the mouse, the trace assumes a new zoom position determined
by the area of the zoom coordinates.
To undo the zoom on the graph, click the Refresh button.
Displaying Co-ordinates
At any time the user may right-click on the graph to display the co-ordinates of
the point the user selected.
Sending a Loading setting files to the IED is performed on the Configurations screen in
Setting File to Relay Control Panel. To send a setting file to the relay, select a setting file from
the Saved Settings list and then press the Load to Relay button (shown in Figure
the Relay 7.3:). Make sure the settings version and the serial number of the relay in the
setting file match. The relay will reject the setting file if either the serial num-
ber or the settings version do not match.
Tree View - The following sections describe the tree view, which provide access to the var-
Introduction ious setting screens. This section will not describe individual settings, but will
provide a general description of where to find the individual settings. For a de-
tailed description of the individual settings see Chapter 5.
In the LHS Menu Tree there are a series of menu headings that may have sub
menus associated with them. Clicking on an item in the left hand side tree view
will display its corresponding menu in the RHS view. Similarly, the user can
use the arrow keys to scroll through the menu tree.
Identification The Identification screen provides information related to the specific IED’s
hardware, software and installation location. The items on the identification
screen are described in Table 6.3below.
Identification
Setting Software
Station
The serial number of the relay must match the one in the setting file,
or the setting will be rejected by the relay. This feature ensures that
the correct setting file is applied to the right relay.
Analog Inputs
Analog Input Names screen identifies all the ac voltage and current inputs to
the relay. These names appear in any fault disturbance records the relay pro-
duces.
Input Channels
External Inputs
External Input Names screen allows the user to define meaningful names for
up to 24 external digital inputs (varies depending on the hardware configura-
tion). Meaningful names may include terms such as T.T. (Transfer Trip) and
P.T. (Permissive Trip).
Output Contacts
The Output Contacts screen allows for configuration of each Output Contact’s
name and reset type. It also allows for configuration of a global Output Contact
Reset input which is used to externally reset all latched Output Contacts.
Each Output Contact may be given a unique user-configurable Name.
If the Output Contact is set to the Self Reset type, it will close for the duration
that the associated function is High, plus the duration of the configured Timer.
If the Output Contact is set to the Pulsed type, it will close when the associated
function goes High and will remain closed only for the duration of the config-
ured Timer, regardless of how long the associated function is High.
If the Output Contact is set to the Latched type it will close when the associated
function goes High and will remain closed until the user manually resets it. A
latched Output Contact can be reset either by the Front Panel (see “Output
Contact Reset” on page 4-14), Relay Control Panel’s Utilites>Outputs Output
Contact clear function or by the Output Contact Reset setting (shown in Figure
7.7).
Figure 7.8 shows a timing diagram of the different Output Contact Reset types.
HIGH
21P1 Trip
LOW
OC2 CLOSED
OC3 CLOSED
(Latched) OPEN
OC3 CLOSED
(Pulsed) OPEN
Reset Select any EI, VI, SPC 1-6 or PL to be used for resetting
Latched Output Contacts.
Control Commands
Each control command can be configured with a user-defined name. There are
12 Single-Point Control commands provided. See “Control Commands” on
page 8-4 for more details.
Virtual Inputs
The relay can control its internal functions and connected devices both
locally and remotely. Thirty general purpose logic points are accessible
via DNP3, IEC 61850 and RCP. The 30 virtual inputs are individually
controlled and include a set, reset and pulse function. The latch state is
retained during setting changes and relay power down conditions. The
30 virtual inputs conform to DNP3 standards. Use the DNP3 functions
such as SBO (select before operate), Direct Operate, or Direct Operate
with no acknowledge to control virtual inputs.
Use virtual inputs to:
• control circuit breakers
• enable or disable reclosing
• enable or disable under-frequency load shedding
• change setting groups
• provide interlocking between local/remote supervisory control
Target Reset
The Target Reset screen is used for configuration of each LED Reset Type and
an external Target Reset input. For more details see “Target LED Reset Type”
on page 4-12.
Target Reset
Setting Groups
System
Parameters
System Parameters
Line
CT Turns Ratio
CT Secondary 1A/5A
PT Turns Ratio
Base MVA
The base MVA is used for recording purposes.
SCADA
Communication
The relay has configurable SCADA communication parameters for both Serial
and Ethernet (TCP and UDP). For DNP3 Level 2 (TCP) up to 3 independent
Masters are supported.
The relay has configurable DNP point mapping. On the Point Map screen, any
of the configurable points may be added or removed from the Point List by
clicking (or using the cursor keys and space bar on the keyboard) on the asso-
ciated check box. A green 'X' denotes that the item will be mapped to the Point
List.
The list contains separate sections for Binary Inputs, Binary Outputs, and An-
alog Inputs. The list is scrollable by using the scroll control on the right hand
side.
Class Data
Class data for each DNP point can be assigned on the Class Data screen. Only
Points which were mapped in the Point Map screen will appear here. Sections
for Binary Inputs and Analog Inputs appear here; Binary Outputs cannot be as-
signed a Class. The list is scrollable by using the scroll control on the right hand
side.
In addition to assigning a Change Event Class to each mapped point, most An-
alog Inputs can also be assigned a Deadband and Scaling factor.
SCADA
Settings
Summary
This screen provides a summary of the current SCADA settings as set in the
working setting file. This includes SCADA Communication parameters and (if
the SCADA mode is set to DNP) Binary Input, Binary Output, and Analog In-
put information including Deadband and Scaling factors.
This SCADA Summary screen is scrollable and can be printed.
Record Length
Fault
Swing
The relay has recording and logging functions to analyze faults and dynamic
swing, and to review the operation of the overall protection scheme.
This screen displays the record length for each of the two types of recordings
provided: fault and swing. Pre-trigger times are configurable between 0.10 to
2.00 seconds for fault records and fixed at 30 seconds for swing records and
are included as part of the record length.
Setting Groups
The relay has 8 setting groups (SG). The user can change all relay setting pa-
rameters except the physical connections such as input or output parameters in
each setting group. Use any one of the 16 available Group Logic Statements
per setting group to perform Setting Group changes. The Group Logic state-
ments are similar to the ProLogic statements with the following exceptions, the
sole function is to activate one of the 8 setting groups and the processing is in
a slower half second cycle. Group Logic inputs statements can be driven from
ProLogic or any external input or virtual input or from previous Group Logic
statements. Each Group Logic statement includes 5 inputs (with Boolean state-
ments), one latch state and one pickup delay timer. View the active setting
group (ASG) from the Terminal Mode, from the front panel or from a record
stored by the relay (the active setting group is stored with the record).
Line Parameters
Line
Sequence Impedance
Series Compensation
K0
K0 Override Enable/Disable
Mutual Compensation
KM1
KM2
Line Parameter Settings permit a parameter entry related to the line voltage,
CT ratio, PT ratio, line length, line secondary positive and zero sequence im-
pedance.
The K0 factor used is a default factor based on the line parameters (K0 = [Z0 -
Z1] / 3Z1). The user can specify by selecting K0 Override Enable.
Scheme Selector
Protection Scheme
Distance Scheme
DEF Scheme
Direction Forward
Direction Reverse
Breaker Status
This screen provides configuration options for the breaker status inputs. Any
EI, PL or VI can be assigned to each breaker status input.
In order to configure the Auxiliary Breaker inputs, the “Ring Bus/One and Half
Breaker Configuration” check-box must be enabled on the Line Parameters
screen (see “System Parameters” on page 7-17).
Directional Element
Protection Functions
ProLogic
Group Logic
The 16 Group Logic statements reside in a slower processing thread within the
relay protection algorithms. The processing cycle happens once every half sec-
ond (0.5 s). When using ProLogic statements the user must keep in mind that
a latch or dropout timer should be used if the initiating condition does not last
at least 0.5 seconds.
Output Matrix
The output contact matrix determines which function initiates which output re-
lay. All output relays have an individual user-selectable stretch time, except
those outputs identified as communication initiation outputs. They can have
their time delay characteristics changed. Functions also initiate recording as re-
quired.
For a more detailed description of the functions available on the output matrix,
see “Output Matrix” on page 5-64.
Print the entire output matrix by selecting Print under the File menu. This print-
out is produced on two pages.
Settings Summary
Select Settings Summary to view and print the relay settings in text form, for
details see “IED Settings and Ranges” in Appendix B.
For further instructions on how to use the software, refer to the Re-
cordGraph Manual.
For further details refer to Chapter 8 and to the ERL 61850 IED Con-
figurator Manual.
8 IEC 61850 Implementation Overview
8.1 Introduction
The IEC 61850 standard defines a suite of protocols that permit substation
equipment from different manufacturers to communicate with each other. ERL
is dedicated to developing IEC 61850-based devices that can be used as part of
an open and versatile communications network for power system automation.
The IEC 61850 defines an Ethernet-based protocol used in power systems for
data communication. Power systems implement a number of devices for pro-
tection, measurement, detection, alarms, and monitoring. System implementa-
tion is often slowed down by the fact that the devices produced by different
manufacturers are incompatible, since they do not support the same communi-
cation protocols. The problems associated with this incompatibility are quite
serious, and result in increased costs for protocol integration and system main-
tenance.
The IEC 61850 is a broad ranging standard which encompasses the entire
scope of power system automation, from the highest level of substation design
to the lowest level of the communication protocol implementation on IEDs.
The IEC 61850 Standard also defines a standard Engineering Process which is
an iterative process which allows for the implementation and management of
power system automation.
Some key concepts which are discussed further in the following sections are:
• Substation Configuration Language (see Section 8.2)
• The Engineering Process (see Section 8.3)
• Edition 2.0 Implementation (see Section )
Parts of the The IEC 61850 Standard is comprised of many parts. The parts of the standard
Standard which are most relevant to the implementation in this device are:
• IEC 61850-6 Edition 2.0: Configuration description language for commu-
nication in electrical substations related to IEDs
• IEC 61850-7-2 Edition 2.0: Basic information and communication struc-
ture – Abstract communication service interface (ACSI)
• IEC 61850-7-3 Edition 2.0: Basic communication structure – Common data
classes
• IEC 61850 -7-4 Edition 2.0: Basic communication structure – Compatible
logical node classes and data object classes
System
Specification
.SSD
.SED
System
Configuration
Tool
Load final
configuration to IED
Update system
.SCD Import IED
Figure 8.31: Iterations between IED Configuration Tool and System Configuration tool
ERL 61850 IED Configurator supports import and export of CID, ICD, IID
and SCD, thus making it compatible with the Engineering Process. Refer to the
ERL 61850 IED Configurator user manual for more details.
Configuration Each of the 12 Control Command has a user configurable channel name. This
of Control Configuration is available in L-PRO Offliner (see “Control Commands” on
page 7-13). The configured name will be reflected on the metering, events and
Command recording.
Names
Latching and There are two methods of activation for the Control Commands, Pulse and
Pulsing Latch.
SPC 1-6 Controls are set as Pulsing commands. This means when the Control
Command is executed, all of the logic downstream from the SPC (PL, OC,
LED, Event etc.) will transition to the “True” state for a period of 1 second and
then will transition back to “False”. However, in the current implementation,
the Metering point and IEC 61850 Data attribute associated with this SPC will
remain True until the 61850 client sets the SPC to False via a control command
execution.
In the current implementation, for the Pulse command points (SPC 1-6), the
associated Metering channel and IEC 61850 Data Attribute will remain
latched in the True state after a command execution. The state must manu-
ally be reset using a command execution to return the state to False.
SPC 7-12 Controls are set as Latching commands. This means when the Con-
trol Command is executed, the SPC point will remain in it’s new state until a
new Control Command is executed.
Test Features IEC 61850 Edition 2.0 introduced two new test features: Simulation and Mode
Control. Simulation is an IED level test feature which allows the IED to sub-
scribe to simulated GOOSE messages from test-set devices. The Mode Control
is an LD level test feature (for testing LDs independently) which allows the LD
to process or ignore incoming “test” data. These two features are described in
detail below.
Simulation
Edition 2.0 introduced a new Simulation function. Simulation allows for 61850
publisher devices to publish “simulated” GOOSE messages, and for 61850
subscriber devices to subscribe to these “simulated” GOOSE. The devices
which publish simulated GOOSE are typically test-set devices used for testing
and commissioning. A simulated GOOSE means a GOOSE message with the
“Simulation/Test” flag set to True. The L-PRO 4500 has the ability to sub-
scribe to simulated GOOSE, but does not publish any simulated messages.
Figure 8.32 shows the basic flow of how Simulation subscription works for
GOOSE subscription.
Setting the IED into Simulation mode allows for the IED to subscribe to both
real and simulated GOOSE messages simultaneously. The simulation mode is
controlled by the SYS/LPHD1.Sim attribute. If the LPHD1.Sim attribute is set
to True via a control command, then the IED may begin to subscribe to Simu-
lated GOOSE messages.
When the IED is in Simulation mode (LPHD1.Sim = True), then the IED will
continue to subscribe to real GOOSE (see diagram 2 in Figure 8.32). However,
once a simulated GOOS has been received, the IED will ignore the real
GOOSE message if a duplicate real and simulated GOOSE exist simultaneous-
ly (see diagram 3 in Figure 8.32). The simulation mode works on a per-
GOOSE subscription basis.
1. 2.
IED IED
SYS /LPHD1.Sim = False SYS /LPHD1.Sim = True
LGOS.Sim.StVal LGOS.Sim.StVal
= False = False
Simulation input Simulation input
buffer buffer
LGOS.Sim.StVal LGOS.Sim.StVal
= False = False
Simulation input Simulation input
buffer buffer
3. 4.
IED IED
SYS /LPHD1.Sim = True SYS /LPHD1.Sim = False
LGOS.Sim.StVal LGOS.Sim.StVal
GOOSE A (Simulation = True) = True GOOSE A (Simulation = True) = False
Simulation input Simulation input
buffer buffer
LGOS.Sim.StVal LGOS.Sim.StVal
= False = False
Simulation input Simulation input
buffer buffer
Mode Control
The use of the Mod data object was expanded in Edition 2.0 (appended by TIS-
SUE #671) to included the following Modes:
• On
• Blocked
• Test
• Test/Blocked
• Off
The L-PRO 4500 implementation currently supports the use of modes On, Test
and Test/Blocked. Control the mode via a control command to change the val-
ue of the LLN0.Mod data object. The LLN0.Mod may only be controlled for
subscription Logical Devices on the L-PRO 4500.
The LLN0.Mod value determines how incoming data is processed and how
data quality output is published. It also determines how control commands are
processed. For example, a subscription LD will only process incoming data
with q.test = True if the LLN0.Mod is also set to Test or Test/Blocked.
The status of the LLN0.Mod object is reflected in the Beh object for all LNs
within the LD. If any LD LLN0.Mod is set to Test or Test/Blocked, the front
panel “Test Mode” LED will be turned on.
For further details regarding the behavior different modes, refer to IEC 61850-
7-4 Annex A (appended by TISSUE #671).
Mode
On Test Test/Blocked
Subscription A new logical nodes, LGOS has been added in Edition 2.0 to provide the ability
Supervision via to supervise GOOSE subscription statuses. The LGOS LN is used to monitor
GOOSE subscriptions.
LGOS
One LGOS LN is created for each GOOSE Control Block which the IED sub-
scribes to. The data objects of the LGOS LN are described in the table below:
GOOSE Subscriber
Event Log
GOOSE Publisher
Muliticast MAC Address
Subscription to There are two Logical Device naming methods (LDName), used for object ref-
ldName erences, described in IEC 61850-6 Edition 2.0. These methods are:
• Product-related naming
• Function-related naming
In product-related naming, the LDName is comprised of the IED name and the
LDevice inst attribute. ERL IEDs only use product-related naming for Logical
Device naming. For example, for an L-PRO 4500 with the IED name “MyL-
PRO”, the LDName for the Protection LD would be:
LDName = IED name/LDevice inst = MyLPRO/Protection
In function-related naming, the LDName is derived from the LDevice ldName
attribute. For IEDs to support the use of ldName, they must support the free set-
ting of the Logical Device names. ERL IEDs do not support free setting of the
Logical Device names, and so do not use the ldName attribute. However, Edi-
tion 2.0 ERL IEDs do support subscribing to data from other vendor's IEDs
which use the function-related naming via the ldName attribute.
Data from an IED which uses the ldName attribute may be mapped to the ERL
Edition 2.0 IED for subscription. The ldName attribute shows in the ldName
column on the GOOSE Subscription screen in ERL 61850 IED Configurator.
Note: Edition 1.0 does not support the ldName attribute, so Edition
1.0 IEDs cannot subscribe to Edition 2.0 IEDs which use the ldName
attribute. See “Mapping Edition 2.0 Data to an Edition 1.0 IED” on
page 8-11 for other a summary of Edition 2.0 to 1.0 mapping incom-
patibilities.
Subscription to In IEC 61850 Edition 2.0, fixed-length encoded GOOSE messages were intro-
Fixed-Length duced. This is an optimized version of GOOSE encoding which uses a fixed
length offset for each field of the GOOSE packet. If a GOOSE Control Block
GOOSE has the fixedOffs attribute set to True, this indicates that the GOOSE message
uses fixed-length encoding.
ERL IEDs do not support publishing the fixed-length encoded GOOSE mes-
sages (fixedOffs attribute is always set to False). However, ERL IEDs can sub-
scribe to GOOSE messages from other vendors which use fixed-length
encoded GOOSE messages.
The fixed-length GOOSE subscription is backwards compatible, meaning that
even ERL devices which use Edition 1.0 of the standard can subscribe to fixed-
length GOOSE messages.
IED Name Edition 2.0 of the IEC 61850 standard allows for longer IED names. The max-
Length imum IED name length allowed according to the standard is 64 characters.
However, this is limited by the total maximum allowed length for LDName
references which is also limited 64 characters. The LDName is defined as IED
name/LDevice inst (see “Subscription to ldName” on page 8-9). The total IED
name + LDevice inst character count may not exceed 64 characters. This is
handled automatically in ERL 61850 IED Configurator. The software ensures
that IED name length does cause the maximum length for the LDName to be
exceeded. For example, if the longest LDevice inst name is 10 characters long,
then IED name length is limited to 54 characters, so that IED name + LDevice
inst does not exceed 64 characters.
Common Data In Edition 2.0 of the IEC 61850 Standard some new Common Data Classes
Classes (CDC) were added and others were updated. The only CDC change in Edition
2.0 which affects the L-PRO 4500 implementation is the LLN0.Beh data object
was changed from CDC Type INS to ENS. The L-PRO 4500 uses the ENS
CDC type for LLN0.Beh as required by Edition 2.0.
Edition 1.0 In general, Edition 1.0 and Edition 2.0 devices are compatible with each other
Compatibility for GOOSE mapping. However, there are some backward compatibility issues
which the user should be aware of before attempting mapping between Edition
1.0 and Edition 2.0 devices.
The electronics in the relay contain static sensitive devices and are
not user-serviceable. If the front of the relay is opened for any reason
exposing the electronics, take extreme care to ensure that the user
and the relay are solidly grounded.
Generally an analog metering check, as well as testing the I/O (External Inputs
and Output Contacts) is sufficient to ensure the functionality of the relay. Fur-
ther tests can be performed on delivery and acceptance of the purchaser’s op-
tion according to the published relay specifications in “IED Settings and
Ranges” in Appendix B.
Calibration The relay is calibrated before it leaves the factory; but if component changes
are made within the relay, the user may need to do a re-calibration.
To perform a calibration, the user must be logged into the relay using Relay
Control Panel at the Service access level to the front USB Port. Proceed to the
Utilities>Analog Input Calibrate. The Calibrate menu leads the user through
every analog input and prompts the user to apply the appropriate quantity.
For example, when selecting Channel 1 to calibrate Main VA, the Applied Sig-
nal check box will indicate the desired calibration of the relay. If a 69 V phase-
to-neutral quantity is applied to the back VA terminals, 69.0 V would be indi-
cated as the desired calibration. If a 69 V phase-to-neutral quantity is ap- plied
to the to the back VA terminals, 69.0 V would be indicated as the desired cal-
ibration.
In a similar way, the user needs to go through all 16 ac analog quantities and
provide the information about the injected calibration quantities. The user must
have a test source to perform this function. Only the magnitude of the analog
input requires calibration, not the angle.
When an analog input channel is calibrated, verify the quantity measured by
selecting the Metering menu and the Analog Quantity submenu. VA of the ac
voltage input is used as a reference quantity by the relay. Therefore, if it is ab-
sent, there is not a locked, valid relationship among all of the analog quantities.
Note: For the 10CT, 6PT configuration, only the Aux. Voltage chan-
nel that corresponds to the System Parameters > Aux. Voltage Input
setting is able to be calibrated.
Testing the To test the external inputs connect the relay using Relay Control Panel, Meter-
External Inputs ing>External. This screen displays the status of the Input and Output Contacts.
Placing a voltage of 125 Vdcnominal, (150 Vmaximum), to each of the external
inputs in turn causes the input to change from Low to High status. These inputs
are polarity sensitive and this screen has a 0.5 second update rate.
Testing the Test the output relays to verify their integrity using the Utilities>Toggle Out-
Output Relay puts. The output contacts are toggled from open to closed by pressing the
Closed button. Verify the output contact status using an ohmmeter. When ex-
Contacts iting this sub-menu, each contact status reverts to the open position.
About the The acceptance test setting file provided is not necessarily configured to a pro-
Acceptance vide a realistic setting example. Its configuration is intended to demonstrate
simple test methods for each relay element. Tests are organized to prevent in-
Test Setting File terference of one protection element on the next within the relay for ease of
testing without using multiple setting files and minimizing the number of test
connection changes. All contacts in the relay will be tested if all elements in
this procedure are tested as written.
Testing all the elements is accommodated by using of the relay Setting Groups
(8 groups are used).
Setting Group 1 tests elements: 21P, 21N, 68, Switch-On-To-Fault, Overcur-
rent elements pickup, Directional Element minimum pickup
Setting Group 2 tests elements: Overcurrent elements directionality, 27, 59,
59N, 60
Setting Group 3 tests elements: 60CTS, 50LS, 81
Setting Group 4 test elements: 50BF, Z circle
Setting Group 5 test elements: 79 3Phase 2 breaker, POTT, Sync Check
Setting Group 6 test elements: PUTT
Setting Group 7 test elements: DCB/DEF permissive
Setting Group 8 test elements: DEF block
The file demonstrates all types of impedance characteristics available in the re-
lay: circle, tomato, lens, Quadrilateral.
In addition to, or exclusive of these tests, the user may wish to perform dynam-
ic simulation tests on the relay to verify the relay operates as per protection
scheme design using the settings that are applied for the particular line on
which the relay will be installed.
Reactive (x)
Forward
Characteristic
Angle = 90 degrees
Line
Angle
Resistive (R)
Directional
Reverse
Supervision
Figure 9.4: MHO Circle (Characteristic Angle = 90) Available for 21P and 21N
Reactive (x)
Forward
Characteristic
Angle = 90 degrees
Line
Angle
Resistive (R)
Reverse
Directional
Supervision
Figure 9.5: MHO Tomato (Characteristic Angle < 90) Available for 21P and 21N
Reactive (x)
Forward
Characteristic
Angle = 90 degrees
Line
Angle
Resistive (R)
Reverse Directional
Supervision
Figure 9.6: MHO Lens (Characteristic Angle > 90) Available for 21P and 21N
Reactive (x)
Forward
Line
Angle
R1
Resistive (R)
Reverse Directional
Supervision
kV 230kV (2)
Nominal secondary phase-to-phase voltage = ---------------------- = ---------------- = 115V
PTRatio 2000
115V (3)
Nominal secondary phase-to-neutral voltage = ------------- = 66.4V
3
where
kV - Nominal Primary Voltage
PT Ratio - Potential Transformer Ratio
Zero Sequence Impedance calculations for phase-to-ground impedance ele-
ment tests (using secondary Positive and Zero Sequence Line Impedances):
Z0 – Z1
K 0 = ------------------
3 Z1
4.41 – 1.03 + j15.38 – j5.81 -
= -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 5.9 80
70.52- = 0.57 – 9.5
= 3.38 + j9.57- = 10.15 (6)
----------------------------- ---------------------------------
17.7 80 17.7 80
where
Z1 - Positive Sequence Impedance
Z2 - Negative Sequence Impedance
K0 - Factor
1 + K0 = (1 + 0.57-9.5)
= (1 + 0.562 – j0.094)
= (1.562 – j0.094) = 1.5693.5
(7)
The pure resistive component 9.41 cos – 3.5 = 9.39 0 (11)
The pure resistive component: 9.41 cos – 3.5 = 9.39 0 (18)
For each test specifies Metering/Protection, view the following screen under
Metering > Logic in the Relay Control Panel.
Directional Settings:
Element Directional Element Override = Enabled
Minimum Negative Sequence Directional Element = Enabled
Pickup V2 Sensitivity level = 0.5V
I2 Sensitivity level = 0.1A
Zero Sequence Directional Element = Enabled
3V0 Sensitivity Level = 1.0V
3I0 Sensitivity Level =0.2V
ProLogic18: Input A = Directional Valid (Map to Output 12)
3. Slowly ramp up the three phase voltage from 0.4V to 0.6V with 0.01V step
change
At 0.45 to 0.55V (expect 0.5V)
Observe: ProLogic 18 = High
Output 12 = High
Slowly ramp up the three phase current from 0.01A to 0.15A with 0.01A step
change
At 0.08 to 0.12A (expect 0.1A)
Observe: ProLogic 18 = High
Output 12 = High
Slowly ramp up the three phase voltage from 0.1V to 0.4V with 0.01V step
change
At 0.3 to 0.36V (expect 0.333V)
Observe: ProLogic 18 = High
Output 12 = High
4. Slowly ramp up the three phase current from 0.01A to 0.15A with 0.01A
step change
21P1 Phase (Zone 1 Single-Phase Under Impedance Test tested as 3-phase fault)
Distance Test
Settings
• Positive Sequence Secondary Line Impedance (100% of line)= 5.9
• Positive Sequence Line Angle = 80
• 21P1 = 4.72 (Maximum Reach = 80% of line at maximum torque angle
of 80)
• Time Delay = 0 (expect 1.3 cycles, 22 ms or less)
• Delta Current Supervision = 7.0 A (minimum phasor difference between
any 2 phases to allow 21P Trip)
Preliminary Calculations
Since this is a balanced 3-phase test, there is no Zero Sequence Current, so Z
is calculated as:
V Phase (19)
Z = ----------------
-
I Phase
where
Z - Phase Impedance
VPhase - Phase Voltage
IPhase - Phase Current
3.2 (22)
------- = 1.6 A
2
2. Use the minimum test current to determine what voltage would be appro-
priate for this test.
V FaultMin (23)
Z = ----------------------------
-
2 I TestMin
where
VFaultMin - Minimum Fault Voltage
ITestMin - Minimum Fault Test Current
C
120 deg
HEALTHY
VOLTS
FAULT N A
VOLTS
0 deg
-120 deg
B
The following tables show the voltages to inject for a variety of fault voltage
levels using 115 V secondary phase-to-phase nominal (66.4 V phase-to-neutral
nominal).
A-B Fault
(C-phase voltage = 66.4 V +120) The resultant angle of A-B voltage always = +30
% Reduction 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%
Fault V 103.5 V 92.0 V 80.5 V 69.0 V 57.5 V 46.0 V 34.5 V 23.0 V 11.5 V
Fault Volt Angle 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30
Voltage A=B 61.5 V 56.7 V 52.2 V 47.9 V 43.9 V 40.4 V 37.4 V 35.1 V 33.7 V
A Angle -2.7 -5.8 -9.5 -13.9 -19.1 -25.3 -32.5 -40.9 -50.2
B Angle -117.3 -114.2v -110.5 -106.1 -100.9 -94.7 -87.5 -79.1 -69.8
B-C Fault
(A phase voltage = 66.4 V) The resultant angle of B-C voltage always = -90
% Reduction 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%
Fault V 103.5 V 92.0 V 80.5 V 69.0 V 57.5 V 46.0 V 34.5 V 23.0 V 11.5 V
Fault Volt Angle -90 -90 -90 -90 -90 -90 -90 -90 -90
Voltage B=C 61.5 V 56.7 V 52.2 V 47.9 V 43.9 V 40.4 V 37.4 V 35.1 V 33.7 V
B Angle -122.7 -125.8 -129.5 -133.9 -139.1 -145.3 -152.5 -160.9 -170.2
C Angle 122.7 125.8 129.5 133.9 139.1 145.3 152.5 160.9 170.2
C-A Fault
(B phase voltage = 66.4 V -120) The resultant angle of C-A voltage always = +150
% Reduction 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%
Fault V 103.5 V 92.0 V 80.5 V 69.0 V 57.5 V 46.0 V 34.5 V 23.0 V 11.5 V
Fault Volt Angle 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150
Voltage C=A 61.5 V 56.7 V 52.2 V 47.9 V 43.9 V 40.4 V 37.4 V 35.1 V 33.7 V
C Angle 117.3 114.2 110.5 106.1 100.9 94.7 87.5 79.1 69.8
A Angle 2.7 5.8 9.5 13.9 19.1 25.3 32.5 40.9 50.2
For this B-C test a minimum fault voltage of 23.6 V is required as calculated
in “B-C Fault Voltage Injections, for details see Table 9.19: B-C Fault Voltage
Injections on page 9-19. Select the next highest voltage. In this case 34.5 V
(70% reduction) is used.
The following formulae were used to calculate the voltages for the tables (they
may be used for any other desired fault voltage):
2 2 (26)
Test voltage magnitude = V Fault V Nominal
- + ----------------------
--------------- -
2 2
where
VFault - phase-to-phase fault voltage
VNominal - phase-to-neutral nominal voltage
V Fault (27)
60 – atan ----------------------
-
V
Nominal
Example of this calculation using the 70% voltage reduction from the B-C
fault, for details see Table 9.19: B-C Fault Voltage Injections on page 9-19:
Phase B-C voltage angle = -90 with respect to A-N voltage phasor.
Fault Voltage = 70% reduction of phase-to-phase nominal
2 2
Faulted Test Voltage Magnitudes = 34.5
---------- + 66.4
---------- = 1399.8 = 37.4V (29)
2 2
34.5
Faulted Phase Angle = 60 – atan ---------- = 60 – 27.5 = 32.5
66.4 (30)
For B-C fault adjust Phase B angle toward Phase C angle and adjust Phase C
angle toward Phase B angle:
B Phase Angle = -120 - 32.5 = -152.5
C Phase Angle = +120 +32.5 = 152.5
So,
A Phase Phasor = Unfaulted = 66.4 V 0
B Phase Phasor = Faulted = 37.4 V -152.5
C Phase Phasor = Faulted = 37.4 V +152.5
4. Increase current.
At 2.23 to 2.45 A (expect 2.34 A):
21P2 Alarm = High
5. Turn off voltage and current sources.
End of 21P2 test.
21N# - Zan
50 Ia
138
50N 3IO
Directional Element N - Zone #
21N# - Zbn
50 Ib
139 141 0 TN#
50N 3IO 142 Out 1
Directional Element 60 4ms 0
21N# - Zcn
21N
50 Ic Generic Phase Distance
140 Logic (# = any zone)
50N 3IO
Directional Element
Preliminary calculations
Since this is a single-phase test, use the compensated impedance value calcu-
lated above; the calculated fault impedance Zfault is:
V fault (31)
Z fault = --------------
-
I fault
(32)
IMin = (Greater of Iphase and 3Io Supervision)x105% = 1.5x1.05 = 1.58A
Load Load Encroachment function operates based on the fact that all phase-to-phase
Encroachment impedances (Zab, Zbc and Zca) are within the limited load angle area.
Test
Load Encroachment Test Procedure
1. Use the following load encroachment settings together with above 21P set-
ting.
2. Apply the following 3-phase voltages to the relay main ac voltage terminals:
Ph A: 701, 62.0 V 0
Ph B: 702, 62.0 V 240
Ph C: 703, 62.0 V 120
Ph N: 704
3. Apply the following 3-phase currents to the relay main ac current terminals:
SOTF Enable
50 ILa RMS
<4% I nominal A1
50 ILb RMS B1
RMS fixed 50 ILc RMS
27 Under Voltage A1
50 ILa Trip
50 ILb Trip
C1
50 ILc Trip
50N Enable
50N Trip
21P2 Alarm
21N2 Alarm
21 Zone 2 Enable
21P3 Alarm
21N3 Alarm
21 Zone 3 Enable
IL2a / IL1a
2nd Harmonic
IL2b / IL1b
Block
IL2c / IL1c
2nd Harmonic Restraint Enable
1. Objective of this test is to observe the basic operation of the logic. Disable
50, 50N, 21P2 and 21N2 functions.
2. Instantaneously, step three-phase current from 0 to 10.05 A to:
Ph-A: 711 – 712, 10.05 A30
Ph-B: 715 – 716, 10.05 A -90
Ph-C: 719 – 720, 10.05 A 150
AND
External Input- 1 from Low to High.
Analog inputs can be delayed by 1 – 3 cycles to simulate the delay in circuit
breaker operation.
3. Observe target Switch-On-To-Fault on ABC.
End of Switch-On-To-Fault Close Command test.
1. Objective of this test is to observe the basic operation of the logic. Disable
50, 50N, 21P2 and 21N2 functions.
2. During this test, the Main Breaker Status input (connected to EI-1) is used
activate the SOTF logic. Ring bus configuration shall be disabled to disa-
ble the Aux Breaker Status input.
3. Instantaneously, step three-phase current from 0 to 2.6 A to:
Ph-A: 711 – 712, 2.6 A30
AND
External Input- 1 from Low to High.
Analog inputs can be delayed by 1 – 3 cycles to simulate the delay in circuit
breaker operation.
4. Observe target Switch-On-To-Fault on ABC.
End of Switch-On-To-Fault Status Monitoring test.
Preliminary Calculations
Because this is a Positive Sequence Impedance, perform this test as balanced
3-phase, since this is the easiest way to obtain positive sequence. The calculat-
ed Z is:
V Phase (33)
Z = ----------------
-
I Phase
where
Z - Fault Impedance
VPhase - Phase Voltage
IPhase - Phase Current
The minimum 3-phase current required must be greater than the I1Supervision
Setting (3.0 A). Add 5% to ensure that the supervision is met:
(34)
IMin = I1Supervision x 105% = 3.0 x 1.05 = 3.15A
where
IMin - Minimum Current
I1Supervision - Positive Sequence Supervision current setting
3. Connect 3-phase current sources (3.15 A 180 from voltages) to the relay
terminals.
Ph A: 300 –301, 3.15 A 180
Ph B: 302 –303, 3.15 A +60
Ph C: 304 –305, 3.15 A -60
Observe 68 InnBlinder Alarm = Low
Contact 13 = Open
4. Simultaneously increase (ramp up) 3-phase currents.
At 4.86 to 5.36 A (expect 5.11 A):
Inner Blinder Alarm = High
Contact 15 = Closed
Timing Test
1. Monitor (Timer Stop) on Output Contact 11.
2. Set timer start from single-phase 0.0 A to 4.00 A transition (this equates to
4x pickup).
0.0103 0.0103
= 3 0.0228 + -------------------- = 3 0.0228 + ---------------- = 1.168s
4
0.02
–1 0.0281
where
TMS - 3.0
IMultiple - 4.0
3. Inject fault.
Observe Relay Target: “51N Trip”
End of 50N/51N test.
To test the 50G/51G element, perform the same test as the 50N/51N
test. Instead of injecting current on 711-712 (Ph A), inject current on
723-724 (I1G). Before testing, ensure the 50G/51G settings and out-
put matrix mapping are the same as the 50N/51N.
51 Timing Test
1. Monitor (Timer Stop) on Output Contact 11.
2. Set timer start from single-phase 0.0 A to 6.00 A transition (this equates to
4x pickup).
3. Inject fault.
A
Time Delay = TMS B + -------------------------------------
p
I multiple – 1
13.5 13.5
= 0.5 0.00 + -------------- = 0.5 0.00 + ---------- = 2.25s (36)
1
4 –1 3
51 Directional Test
Settings
• 51 Settings: directional/forward (if directional α = -170º, β = 180º)
• Line Angle = 80 (i.e. current lags voltage by 80)
Note: Operating Range = ± 90 from line angle
51P Forward
266
51P Reverse
278 51P directional control
267
Non-directional
50P Forward
268
279 50P directional control
50P Reverse
269
Non-directional
46-50 Reverse
283 46-50 directional control
277
Non-directional
Settings
• Non-Directional
• Pickup = 1.5A
• IEC Very Inverse:
A = 13.5
B=0
p = 1.0
• TMS = 0.50
• TR = 0.10
Preliminary Calculations
For the initial fault, use equation (36) to calculate the trip time.
When the magnitude of current drops below the pickup value, it has a disk reset
time following the formula (37):
TR
Reset Time = TMS -----------------------------------
I 2
1 – -- (37)
I Pickup
If second fault occurs during the resetting interval (ie. before the “disk” has re-
set), it has a shorter time to trip, calculated as follows:
Use a fault magnitude of 2A. Using formula (36), the initial time delay is cal-
culated as:
13.5
Trip Time #1 = 0.50 0 + --------------- – 1 = 20.25s
------
2 1
1.5-
Use a reset magnitude of 1.3A. Using formula (37), the reset time is calculated
as:
0.1
Reset Time = 0.5 ------------------------ = 0.20089s
1.3 2
1 – -------
1.5
Use a partial reset time of 130ms and then a second fault with same magnitude
of 2A:
0.130s
Trip Time #2 = 20.25s ---------------------- = 13.10s
0.20089s
Test Procedure
Use a state-simulation (shown in timing diagram below), based on the prelim-
inary calculations, with four states to test the 51 Reset time:
• Pre-fault of 1A
• Fault #1 with magnitude 2A and expected trip time of 20.25s
• Partial reset time of 130ms
• Fault #2 with magnitude 2A and expected trip time of 13.10s
1.3
1
Time (seconds)
1. Monitor:
In RCP monitor Metering > Logic 2
Output Contact 11
2. Apply polarizing voltage:
Ph A: 701, 66.4 V 0º
Ph B: 702, 66.4 V -120º
Ph C: 703, 66.4 V 120º
Ph N: 704
3. Use a state simulation to transition through the following four states:
b) Inject the following fault. Begin timer at fault inception and stop timer
on OC11 close:
Ph A: 711 --- 712, 2.0 A 0
Expected trip time = 20.25s
c) Using the OC11 close signal, transition to the following injection for du-
ration of 130ms:
Ph A: 711 --- 712, 1.3 A 0
d) Transition to the following fault. Set timer to start at fault inception and
stop timer on OC11 close:
Ph A: 711 --- 712, 2.0 A 0
Expected trip time = 13.10s
A similar test procedure may be used for the 51N, 51G, 46-51 and 59N Re-
set times
46-50/46-51 Settings
Negative • Non-directional
Sequence • 46-51 Pickup = 1.0 A
Overcurrent • Time Curve = IEEE Extremely Inverse
Test
A = 5.64
B = 0.02434
p=2
TMS = 3.0
Figure 9.22: Negative Sequence Instantaneous and Time OverCurrent Logic (46-50/
46-51)
2 (39)
I A + aI B + a I C
- where a = 1 120
I 1 = --------------------------------------
3
2 (40)
I A + a I B + aI C
I 2 = --------------------------------------- where a = 1 120
3
3I o = I A + I B + I C (41)
where
IA - Phase A Current
IB - Phase B Current
IC - Phase C Current
Using Equation 39 notice that there is a need to triple the pickup setting current
on one phase to obtain the pickup value of negative sequence current.
For example injecting 1.0 A on Phase A only (Phase B = Phase C = 0), and with
no voltage applied, the 46-51 element becomes non-directional even though
the setting is directional:
2 (42)
1 + a 0 + a0 1
I 2 = ------------------------------- = --- = 0.33 A
3 3
A
Time Delay = TMS B + --------------------------------------
p
I Multiple – 1
3. Inject fault.
Observe Relay Target: “46-51 Trip”
End of 46-51 test.
46 Broken Settings
Conductor Test • I2/I1 Pickup = 25%
• Under Current = 0.50 A
• Pickup Delay = 5.00 s
Change Setting For the next group of tests using the Acceptance Test file change to Setting
Group to 2 Group 2.
1. In Relay Control Panel access Utilities > Settings Group.
2. Select New Settings Group: 2 in the picklist and then save
3. The Current Settings Group will change to 2.
60 Loss of Settings
Potential (LOP) • Voltage = 0.75 per unit phase-to-neutral fixed (In this case minimum op-
Test erate = 0.75 per unit = 0.75 * Vnominal = 0.75 * 66.4 V = 49.8 V)
• I1 Blocking = 10.0 A (positive sequence current that blocks LOP if exceed-
ed)
• 3I0 Blocking = 1.0 A (zero sequence current that blocks LOP if exceeded)
• Neg. Seq. Monitoring = disabled
27 VLa (0.75 pu fixed)
27 VLb (0.75 pu fixed)
27 VLc (0.75 pu fixed)
50 Ipos
50 3I0
60 Test Procedure
1. In Relay Control Panel access relay Metering > Logic 3
Monitor: 60 LOP
2. Apply balanced 3-phase nominal voltages (66.4 V) to the relay terminals:
Ph A: 701, 66.4 V 0o
Ph B: 702, 66.4 V -120o
Ph C: 703, 66.4 V +120o
Ph N: 704
3. Connect 3-phase current sources (0.5 A) to the relay terminals (must be
greater than 0.2 A (4% I nominal) to enable due to low set supervision, for
details see Figure 9.23: Loss of Potential Logic (60) on page 9-42).
Ph A: 711– 712, 0.5 A 0o
Ph B: 715 – 716, 0.5 A -120o
Ph C: 719 – 720, 0.5 A +120o
Observe: 60 Alarm = Low
4. Repeat, step 1.
Observe 60 Alarm = High
5. Reduce all sources to 0.
End of 60 test.
27 Settings
Undervoltage • Main: AND (3-Phase Undervoltage)
Test • Auxiliary: AND (Aux. Voltage Input in System Parameters is set to 1
Phase)
• Main and Aux Pickup: 30 V
• Time Delay: 0.01 second Undervoltage Logic (27)
27 Test Procedure
1. In Relay Control Panel access relay Metering > Logic2.
Monitor:
27 Main Trip (Output 22)
27 Aux Trip (Output 23)
2. Apply balanced 3-phase nominal voltages (66.4 V) to the relay terminals.
Main Ph A: 701, 66.4 V 0o
Main Ph B: 702, 66.4 V -120o
Main Ph C: 703, 66.4 V 120o
Main Ph N: 704
Aux Ph A: 601, 66.4 V 0o
Aux Ph N: 604
Observe:
27 Main Trip = Low
27 Aux Trip = Low
3. Reduce A Phase voltage.
At 31.0 to 29.0 V (expect 30 V):
27 Aux Trip = High
Output 23 closed
27 Main Trip remains Low Output 22 open
59 Overvoltage Settings
Test • Main 1 & 2: AND (3-Phase Overvoltage)
• Auxiliary 1&2: OR (Single-Phase Overvoltage - 1 phase connected)
• Main-1 & 2 and Aux-1 & 2 Pickup: 72 V
• Time Delay: 0.05 second
59 Test Procedure
1. In Relay Control Panel access relay Metering> Logic2.
Monitor:
59-1 Main Trip
59-2 Main Trip
59-1 Aux Trip
59-2 Aux Trip
Monitor contacts:
Output 16 (59-1 Main Trip)
Output 17 (59-2 Main Trip)
Output 18 (59-1 Aux Trip)
Output 19 (59-2 Aux Trip)
2. Apply balanced 3-phase nominal voltages (66.4 V) to the relay terminals.
Ph A: 701, 66.4 V 0o
Ph B: 702, 66.4 V 120o
Ph C: 703, 66.4 V 120o
Ph N: 704
Observe:
59-1 Main Trip = Low
59-2 Main Trip = Low
59-1 Aux Trip = Low
59-2 Aux Trip = Low
3. Increase A Phase voltage:
At 70.0 to 74.0 V (expect 72 V):
59-1&2 Aux Trip = High
Output 18 &19 = Closed
59-1&2 Main Trip remains Low
Contact 16 & 17 = Open
4. With A Phase voltage still increased, increase B and C phase Voltage. At
70 to 74 V (expect 72 V):
59-1&2 Aux Trip = High
59-1&2 Main Trip = High
Contact 16 & 17 = Closed
End of 59 test.
Auxiliary:
• 50LS Pickup: 1.0 A
• Time Delay: 0.00 seconds
• Breaker Current Pickup: 2.0A
• 50BF Time Delay 1: 5.0 seconds
• 50BF Time Delay 2: 10.0 seconds
• Breaker Failure Initiate:
• Internal: Output Matrix BFI mapped to 50LS Aux
• External: VI3 is enabled on 3 Phase Auxiliary
• Output Matrix:
• Assign Output 24 to 50BF Aux-1 Trip
• Assign Output 25 to 50BF Aux-2 Trip
Pro tec tion Sch e me = 1 Ph as e
Sin gle Ph as e
T rip Picku p D elay 1
A P ha se 5 0 I 1b > B re ake r
T rip M ain Ext erna l 50BF-1 Main Trip
C urren t P ickup
B Ph ase In itiat e
Picku p D elay 2
C P ha se
T rip
3. Slowly ramp the Main and Aux currents up, at a rate of about 0.1 A per sec-
ond:
At 1.9 to 2.1 A (expect 2.0 A):
5 seconds later, Output Contact 24 = Closed (50BF-1 Aux Trip)
After an additional 5 seconds Output Contact 25 = Closed
(50BF-2 Aux Trip)
At 4.9 to 5.1 A (expect 5.0 A):
1 second later, Output Contact 22 = Closed (50BF-1 Main Trip)
After an additional 1 seconds Output Contact 23 = Closed
(50BF-2 Main Trip)
4. Turn current off.
50LS Main = Low
50LS Aux = Low
Contacts 24 and 25 = Open
Contacts 22 and 23 = Open
5. Breaker Failure can also be initiated by the external signal. For testing pur-
pose, Virtual Input 2 and Virtual Input 3 can be used in 50BF setting to
simulate external BFI signal instead of using the BFI bit in the output ma-
trix. The test procedure is similar comparing with initiating the breaker
failure by 50LS. 50LS can be disabled in this test and manually latch Vir-
tual Input 2 and Virtual Input 3 using RCP before injecting current above
breaker failure pickup level.
Requires minimum of 0.25 per unit positive sequence voltage (fixed setting) to
enable the 81 element.
81-3 Trip
Contact: 21
2. Apply single-phase nominal voltage to the relay terminals.
Ph A: 701, 66.4 V @ 60 Hz (50 Hz for 50 Hz Relay)
81-3 = Low
81-4 = Low
3. Ramp the frequency at a rate of +0.99 Hz/s for a duration of 2 seconds.
Observe:
81-3 = Low
81-4 = Low
Contact 21 = Open
4. Restore nominal frequency.
5. Ramp the frequency at a rate of +1.01 Hz/s for a duration of 2 seconds.
Observe:
81-3 = High
81-4 = Low
Contact 21 = Closed
6. Restore nominal frequency.
7. Ramp the frequency at a rate of -0.99 Hz/s of a duration of 2 seconds.
Observe:
81-3 = Low
81-4 = Low
Contact 21 = Open
8. Restore nominal frequency.
9. Ramp the frequency at a rate of -1.01 Hz/s for a duration of 2 seconds.
Observe:
81-3 = Low
81-4 = High
Contact 21 = Closed
25/27/59 Sync Note: Three or four voltage sources are required for this test.
Check Test The relay will create the positive sequence sync check voltage out of the sin-
gle-phase auxiliary voltage input depending on which phase is injected.
2. Apply voltages to the relay main voltage input terminals sufficient to create
Vpos of 66.4 V.
If only 3 voltage sources are available:
Ph A: 701, 99.6 V 0o
Ph B: 702, 99.6 V 120o
Ph C: 703, not applicable
Ph N: 704
OR
If 4 voltage sources are available:
Ph A: 701, 66.4 V 0o
Ph B: 702, 66.4 V 120o
Ph C: 703, 66.4 V 120o
Ph N: 704
Observe 25/27/59 Sync Check = High (Proves Live Main Dead Aux (LM-
DA) with only line voltage applied)
3. Turn voltage off.
4. Apply single-phase nominal voltage (66.4 V) to the relay auxiliary voltage
input terminals.
Ph A: 601, 66.4V 25o
Ph N: 604
(Short and ground unused Terminals)
Observe 25/27/59 Sync Check = High (Proves DMLA with only bus-
voltage applied)
5. Apply both sets of voltages to main and auxiliary inputs as detailed above.
Observe:
25/27/59 Sync Check = Low
6. Simultaneously rotate the auxiliary voltage phase angle in lagging direction
(i.e. toward 0).
At 21 to 19 difference (expect 20):
25/27/59 = High
Contact 26 = Closed (after 200 ms)
7. Slowly ramp down the auxiliary voltage magnitude.
At 41.0 to 39.0 V (expect 40 V):
25/27/59 = Low
Contact 26 = Open
8. Slowly ramp up the auxiliary voltage magnitude.
At 69.0 to 71.0 V (expect 70 V):
25/27/59 = Low
Contact 26 = Open
8. Turn all voltage sources off.
End of Sync Check test.
Simulate a permanent 60% AB fault at the following using test set state
simulation
LN1(Binary input 1) is the trip signal sending from 21P1, it will be connected
to output 9 from relay. LN2 (Binary input 2) is the reclose signal sending from
79-3Ph Main Reclose, it will be connected to output 29 from relay.
Out1 simulates the breaker status from the test set.
State No. 1 2 3 4
Source Ampl. Ph.Ang Freq. Ampl. Ph.Ang Ampl. Ph.Ang Ampl. Ph.Ang
5 6 7 8
1 s 0.05 s 7s 1s
9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16
Expected Observation
• 79 recloses (1 shot) = 1 second after the fault
• 79 recloses (2 shot) = 5 second after the fault
• 79 recloses (3 shot) = 10 second after the fault
• 79 recloses (4 shot) = 20 second after the fault
• 79 Lockout at the end of the simulation
DCB Scheme The object is to evaluate whether the relay will send DCB carrier to remote
when its local is detecting the reverse fault and therefore blocks the remote end
from tripping. The overall logic diagram of DCB scheme is at the follows:
Va = 69.280 Va = 63.4-3.12
Vb = 69.28-120 Vb = 63.4-116.88
Vc = 69.28120 Vc = 69.28120
Ia = 50 Ia = 10-50
Ib = 5-120 Ib = 10-230
Ic = 5120 Ic = 00
1 second 0.2 second
Distance Scheme Trip (Output 27)
Expected Observation
• 21P2 AB Alarm = High
• After around 0.05 second DCB AB Trip = High
Va = 69.280 Va = 36.6-41.19
Vb = 69.28-120 Vb = 36.6-78.81
Vc = 69.28120 Vc = 69.28120
Ia = 50 Ia = 10140
Ib = 5-120 Ib = 10-40
Ic = 5120 Ic = 00
1 second 0.2 second
Expected Observation
• 21P4 AB Alarm = High
• DCB AB: Send = High around the same time
State 1: Prefault State 2: at fault + 20ms delay State 3: assert binary out 1
Expect Observation
• Carrier Received= High
• DCB Trip = Low
Expected Observation
• 21P2 AB Alarm = High
• POTT AB: Send = High
• Carrier Received = High
• POTT AB: Trip = High
Test case 2: Current Reversal – Reverse AG fault @ -20% of the line (20%
forward on the parallel line)
Fault logic: local reverse fault will change to forward due to the parallel line’s
local breaker is open and remote breaker remains in close and feed the fault.
Fault simulation logic and relay detector setting:
In order to validate current reversal case, 50N-67F/ 50N-67R setting in the
scheme selector are used on purpose to simulate the worst case scenario.
Overcurrent carrier setting:
50N-67F: Dist.& ProLogic, 3IO=1A, Pickup delay = 0.02s
50N-67R: Dist.& ProLogic, 3IO= 1A, Pickup delay = 0.02s
Fault sequence:
State 4:
State 3:
180% forward fault
20% reverse
with binary output
State 2: fault+60ms delay
(parallel line’s
State 1: Prefault 20% reverse (waiting parallel line’s
remote end has to
fault+20ms delay local relay to trip its
wait the permissive
breaker), carrier
signal to trip its
received
breaker)
For this test apply 0 voltage and 0 current to the relay with no prefault. This
causes the first 3 conditions to be met: (27V1, NOT (Zone 2 OR Zone 4R),
NOT Loss of Potential).
In this case a Virtual Input is set up to simulate the Permissive Trip Receive.
General
Nominal Frequency 50 or 60 Hz
Operate Time 1.0 to 1.3 cycles at 80% reach Including output relay operation
Voltage Tolerance:
High Range Supply Option:
±20% for Vdc, -10%/+5% for Vac
Low Range Supply Option:
-15%/+20%
Power Consumption:
25 – 30 VA (ac)
25 – 30 W (dc)
Memory Settings and records are stored in non-volatile Records are stored in a circular buffer
memory
Sampling Rate - Analog and Digital 128 samples/cycle for recording Records up to 33rd harmonic
Inputs 8 samples/cycle for protection
Protection Functions
IEEE Dev. 21P-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 21N-1, For 10CT, 6PT hardware configuration: 10CT, 6PT configuration suitable for
2, 3, 4, 5, 27, 50BF, 50LS, 50/51/67, 2 x 3-phase voltage inputs for synchronizing ring bus configurations and integrated
50N/51N/67, 50G/51G/67, during re-closing HV breaker auto-recloser
46/50/51/67, 59, 59N, 60, 68, 79-1, 10 current inputs for protection
3, Sync Check, 81, Switch-On-To-
Fault, 60CTS, 46 Broken Conductor, For 5CT, 4PT hardware configuration:
Weak Infeed, Mutual Compensa- 3-phase main voltage input, 1-phase aux. volt-
tion, Virtual Inputs age input
5 current inputs for protection
Recording
Transient (Fault) 128 s/c oscillography of all analog and User-configurable 0.2 to 10.0 seconds
external input channels Record length and 0.1 to 2 seconds
pre-fault length
Dynamic Swing 1 s/c phasor measurements of line positive User-configurable 60 – 120 seconds
sequence V and I plus frequency Pre trigger time fixed at 30 seconds
Events 250 events circular log with 1ms resolution When event auto save is enabled, a
compressed event record is created
every 250 events.
Record Capacity 80 Fault Records with 10 second length Maximum of 150 total records (Fault,
Swing and Event) is possible with
reduced record length. Fault Records
with 10 second duration are the largest
records.
Burden:
<0.15VA @ 63.5V ac
Full Scale/Continuous:
4x In = 4 Arms or 20 Arms
Thermal rating:
100x In for 1 second
Burden:
<0.25 VA @ 5 Arms
<0.10 VA @ 1Arms
Isolation:
Optically isolated
Turn-on Voltage:
24 Vdc range = 19 to 20 Vdc
48 Vdc range = 38 to 40 Vdc
110/125 Vdc range = 80 to 90 Vdc
220/250 Vdc range = 165 to 180 Vdc
Output Relays (contacts) 31, 23, 15, or 7 (depending on hardware con- Externally wetted
figuration) programmable normally open out-
puts and 1 relay inoperative normally closed
output.
Make:
30 A as per IEEE C37.90
Break:
0.9 A at 125 Vdc resistive
0.35 A at 250 Vdc resistive
Front Panel Indicators 22 LEDs: 17 programmable, 5 fixed Fixed: Relay Functional, Time Sync
Functional, Service Required, Test
Mode, Alarm Target
Rear User Interface LAN Port 1: 100BASE Copper or Optical Copper: RJ-45, 100BASE-T
LAN Port 2: 100BASE Copper or Optical Optical: 100BASE-FX, Multimode ST
style connector, 1300nm
One Serial RS-485 port
IRIG-B Sync 2 IRIG-B, BNC connectors (mutually exclusive Modulated or unmodulated. Separate
use) ports.
Physical
Weight 16 kg (approximate)
Time Synchronization
External Time Source Synchronized using IRIG-B input (modulated Upon the loss of an external time
or unmodulated) or SNTP, auto detect source, the relay maintains time with a
maximum 160 seconds drift per year at
a constant temperature of 25°C. The
relay can detect loss of re-establish-
ment of external time source and auto-
matically switch between internal and
external time.
Impedance ±5.0% or 5 m of set value from 0.05 to 66.00 ohms secondary (0.25 to 330.00 ohms
secondary, 1 A nominal)
Directional Phase Angle ±2.0° of set value of Positive Sequence Line Angle value from 25.0° to 89.0°
±0.05 Hz (df/dt)
Frequency Timer ±2.5% of set value plus 1.25 cycles to 1.75 cycles of inherent delay (fixed level)
at 2x pickup, error <40 ms (df/dt)
at 0.1 Hz/s above pickup, error <100 ms
Type Tests
Description
Test Test Level
Type Test Test Points
Electromagnetic Compatibility
IEC 60255-26:2013 RF emissions Enclosure ports 30 - 1000 MHz, 1000MHz - 6000 MHz
Cl.No. 7.1.2
Cl.No. 7.1.3 Conducted emissions Power supply ports Class A: 0.15 - 30 MHz
IEC60255-26:2013 Radiated RFI Enclosure ports 10 V/m modulated: 80 - 1000 MHz &
Cl.No. 7.2.4 1.4 - 2.7 GHz
IEC 60255-26:2013 Induced (conducted) RFI Signal ports 10 Vrms: 0.150 - 80 MHz
Cl.No. 7.2.8
Power supply ports 10 Vrms: 0.150 - 80 MHz
IEC 60255-26:2013 Power frequency magnetic Enclosure 30A/m for each axis for 60s
Cl.No. 7.2.10 field 300A/m for each axis for 3s
IEC 60255-26:2013 Power frequency Binary input ports: Class A Differential = 150 Vrms
Cl.No. 7.2.10
Common = 300 Vrms
IEC 60255-26:2013 Voltage dips & interrupts ac power port 100% for 2.5 cycles, 60% for 10
Cl.No. 7.2.11 cycles, 30% for 25 cycles
Safety
Type Tests
Description
Test Test Level
Type Test Test Points
I/O ports 2 kV
Environmental Tests
IEC 60068-2-30 Cyclic temperature with Enclosure 6 days of cycles from 25oC to 55oC
IEC 60255-1 humidity at 90 to 100% Relative Humidity
CI. No. 6.12.3.7
IEC 60068-2-2 Dry Heat Storage Test Enclosure 70oC for 16 hours
IEC 60255-1
CI. No. 6.12.3.3
IEC 60068-2-2 Dry Heat Operational Test Enclosure 55oC for 16 hours
IEC 60255-1
CI. No. 6.12.3.1
Type Tests
Description
Test Test Level
Type Test Test Points
Mechanical
Shock Withstand:
15g, 11ms pulse width, 1/2 sine wave,
3 shocks/direction, 2 directions/axis,
18 shocks total
Bump:
10g, 16ms pulse width, 1/2 sine wave,
1000 bumps/direction, 2 directions/
axis, 6000 bumps total
1.6
1.4
1.2
1 SIR 30
Time (cycles)
SIR 10
0.8
SIR 1
0.6 SIR 0.1
0.4
0.2
0
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Fault Location (%of Z1 Reach)
1.6
1.4
1.2
1 SIR 30
Time (cycles)
SIR 10
0.8
SIR 1
0.6 SIR 0.1
0.4
0.2
0
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Fault Location (%of Z1 Reach)
Figure A.2: Ground Mho Operating Times Single Line -to-Ground Faults
1.6
1.4
1.2
1 SIR 30
Time (cycles)
SIR 10
0.8
SIR 1
0.6 SIR 0.1
0.4
0.2
0
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Fault Location (%of Z1 Reach)
195
180
165
150
135
120
Delay error (ms)
75
60
45
30
15
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Hz/s Pickup Multiple
195
180
165
150
135
120
Time Delay Error (ms)
75
60
45
30
15
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Multiple of Hz/s Pickup
195
180
165
150
135
120
75
60
45
30
15
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Multiple of Hz/s Pickup
4 0.521 ms 0.911 ms
5 0.651 ms 1.1172 ms
6 0.781 ms 1.432 ms
7 0.911 ms 1.693 ms
8 1.042 ms 1.953 ms
9 1.172 ms 2.214 ms
10 1.302 ms 2.474 ms
11 1.432 ms 2.734 ms
12 1.563 ms 2.995 ms
13 1.693 ms 3.255 ms
14 1.823 ms 3.516 ms
15 1.953 ms 3.776 ms
16 2.083 ms 4.036 ms
For a setting of 6, it will take between 0.781 and 1.432 ms for an External Input
to be declared as high. The default setting is 4.
Relay Identification
Unit ID UnitID
Comments Comments
Station Number 1
Location Location
Line D245
1 EI Spare 1
2 EI Spare 2
3 EI Spare 3
4 EI Spare 4
5 EI Spare 5
6 EI Spare 6
7 EI Spare 7
8 EI Spare 8
9 EI Spare 9
10 EI Spare 10
11 EI Spare 11
12 EI Spare 12
13 EI Spare 13
14 EI Spare 14
15 EI Spare 15
16 EI Spare 16
17 EI Spare 17
18 EI Spare 18
19 EI Spare 19
20 EI Spare 20
21 EI Spare 21
22 EI Spare 22
23 EI Spare 23
24 EI Spare 24
SPC 1 SPC 1
SPC 2 SPC 2
SPC 3 SPC 3
SPC 4 SPC 4
SPC 5 SPC 5
SPC 6 SPC 6
SPC 7 SPC 7
SPC 8 SPC 8
SPC 9 SPC 9
SPC 10 SPC 10
SPC 11 SPC 11
SPC 12 SPC 12
VI 1 Virtual Input 1
VI 2 Virtual Input 2
VI 3 Virtual Input 3
VI 4 Virtual Input 4
VI 5 Virtual Input 5
VI 6 Virtual Input 6
VI 7 Virtual Input 7
VI 8 Virtual Input 8
VI 9 Virtual Input 9
VI 10 Virtual Input 10
VI 11 Virtual Input 11
VI 12 Virtual Input 12
VI 13 Virtual Input 13
VI 14 Virtual Input 14
VI 15 Virtual Input 15
VI 16 Virtual Input 16
VI 17 Virtual Input 17
VI 18 Virtual Input 18
VI 19 Virtual Input 19
VI 20 Virtual Input 20
VI 21 Virtual Input 21
VI 22 Virtual Input 22
VI 23 Virtual Input 23
VI 24 Virtual Input 24
VI 25 Virtual Input 25
VI 26 Virtual Input 26
VI 27 Virtual Input 27
VI 28 Virtual Input 28
VI 29 Virtual Input 29
VI 30 Virtual Input 30
Target Reset
Reset <Unused=0>
Target
System Parameters
CT Secondary 5 A 5A or 1A
Record Length
Line Parameters
K0 Override Disabled
Scheme Selector
Action <disabled>
Direction Forward
Action <disabled>
Direction Reverse
52 - Breaker Status
Directional Element
Protection Summary
68 Off
79-3Ph Disabled
79-1Ph Disabled
27 Main Disabled
27 Aux Disabled
60 Disabled
81-1 Disabled
81-2 Disabled
81-3 Disabled
81-4 Disabled
50 Disabled
51 Disabled
50N Disabled
51N Disabled
50G Disabled
51G Disabled
46-50 Disabled
46-51 Disabled
46-BC Disabled
Type Quadrilateral
Type Quadrilateral
Type Quadrilateral
Type Quadrilateral
Type Quadrilateral
Type Quadrilateral
Type Quadrilateral
Type Quadrilateral
Type Quadrilateral
Type Quadrilateral
Mode Off
Switch-On-To-Fault (SOTF)
Switch-On-To-Fault Disabled
Weak Infeed
79-Recloser
Protection Scheme
79-3Ph-Recloser
79-3Ph Disabled
Number of Shots 1
79-1Ph - Recloser
79-1Ph Disabled
Number of Shots 1
59 - Overvoltage
Gate Switch OR
Gate Switch OR
Gate Switch OR
Gate Switch OR
A 0.14 - -
B 0.0 - -
p 0.02 - -
TR 13.50 - -
27 - Undervoltage
27 Main Disabled
27 Auxiliary Disabled
60 Disabled
60 CT Supervision
81 - Over/Under Frequency
81-1 Disabled
81-2 Disabled
81-3 Disabled
81-4 Disabled
50 Disabled
51 Disabled
A 0.14 - -
B 0.0 - -
p 0.02 - -
TR 13.50 - -
50N Disabled
51N Disabled
A 0.14 - -
B 0.0 - -
p 0.02 - -
TR 13.50 - -
50G Disabled
51G Disabled
A 0.14 = =
B 0.0 = =
p 0.02 = =
TR 13.50 = =
46-50 Disabled
46-51 Disabled
A 0.14 - -
B 0.0 - -
p 0.02 - -
TR 13.50 - -
46BC Disabled
Target Reset
Z Circle Trigger
ProLogic 1 [ProLogic 1]
[ProLogic 1] Disabled
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
ProLogic 2 [ProLogic 2]
[ProLogic 2] Disabled
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
ProLogic 3 [ProLogic 3]
[ProLogic 3] Disabled
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
ProLogic 4 [ProLogic 4]
[ProLogic 4] Disabled
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
ProLogic 5 [ProLogic 5]
[ProLogic 5] Disabled
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
ProLogic 6 [ProLogic 6]
[ProLogic 6] Disabled
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
ProLogic 7 [ProLogic 7]
[ProLogic 7] Disabled
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
ProLogic 8 [ProLogic 8]
[ProLogic 8] Disabled
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
ProLogic 9 [ProLogic 9]
[ProLogic 9] Disabled
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Operator 1
Operator 2
Operator 3
Operator 4
Operator 5
Central The CPU has System On Module and it contains high speed dual core proces-
Processing Unit sor which performs the entire relay operation. The CPU is interfaced to Analog
Input Board, Digital Input & Output Board, Digital Output Board, Front Fascia
Board and Mezzanine Board, powered by SMPS Board, which manages the
protection features of the relay. The dual core processor manages the user in-
terface and system control features of the relay.
The CPU provides the following functionality:
• DSP processor subsystem manages the protection features of the relay with
the floating point arithmetic to provide fast capture and manipulation of
data.
• ARM processor subsystem performs the post processing activity like dis-
turbance recording, logging fault & event, communication protocol sup-
port, LCD HMI and PC interface activity.
• NOR and NAND Flash memory supports field software upgrades.
• Settings and recordings stored in non-volatile memory.
• Runs a Real Time Operating System (RTOS).
• Provides Ethernet ports, RS-485 port and USB interface.
• Time synchronism co-processor with modulated and un-modulated IRIG-
B.
• High speed inbuilt link is provided between the DSP and ARM processor
subsystems.
• Sophisticated fault detection and “watchdog” recovery hardware.
• Provides the relay with one RS-485 port (Port 52) and IRIG-B time syn-
chronization input (Mod. Port 531 & Un-Mod. Port 541, male BNC).
Digital Input This board provides 8 digital input channels. Inputs are optically isolated, ex-
Board (DIB) ternally wetted and field configurable with the voltage level of 48 / 110 / 220
Vdc selection through on-board jumpers. This board is interfaced to the CPU
board.
Digital Output The board provides 8 normally open contact outputs for relaying, alarms and
Board (DOB) control. This board is interfaced to the CPU Board.
Digital Input & This board provides 8 digital input channels. Inputs are optically isolated, ex-
Output Board ternally wetted and field configurable with the voltage level of 48 / 110 / 220
(DIGIO) Vdc selection through on-board jumpers.
The DIGIO also provides 8 normally open contact outputs for relaying, alarms
and control. This board is interfaced to the CPU board.
AC Analog Each relay has 2 AIBs. The AIBs have 3 voltage transformer inputs and 5 cur-
Input Boards rent transformer inputs. These boards provide 10 current and 6 voltage (or 5
(AIB) currents, 1 voltage for Option B) ac analog measurement inputs, interfaced to
the CPU. The AIBs provide the analog to digital conversion of the ac analog
current inputs and the ac analog voltage inputs. The sampling rate is fixed at
128 samples/cycle. Each channel is simultaneously sampled using 16-bit ana-
log to digital converters. The digitized data is sent to the CPU for processing
of protection algorithm.
Front Fascia This board provides 128x64 monochrome graphics front panel display, the
Board (FFB) front panel USB, the front panel status LEDs and the keypad. The keypad is
used to navigate the menus on the display to control relay operation by a local
user. This board is interfaced to the CPU board.
Mezzanine It contains FPGA and Ethernet Phy’s. It is an add-on card to CPU Board. It pro-
Board (MB) vides the relay with two Ethernet ports (Port 51A and 51B, RJ-45 or 100BASE-
FX MM 1300nm ST, depending upon order specification).
SMPS Board It provides the power supply for the entire unit. The switching frequency is 132
(SMPSB) kHz and it reduces the transformer size with no noticeable impact on EMI, ac-
curate programmable current limit, fully integrated soft-start for minimum
start-up stress. The nominal operating range is 20-60 Vdc or 110 – 250 Vdc +/
- 20% or 100 – 240 Vac +5%/-20%, 50/60 Hz.
21P1 ABC 12.3km:Trip The possible phase information for 21P1–21P5 is:
21P2 ABC 12.3km:Trip • AB
21P3 ABC 12.3km:Trip • BC
21P4 ABC 12.3km:Trip • CA
21P5 ABC 12.3km:Trip • AB, BC
• AB, CA
• CA, BC
• ABC
• ABG
• BCG
• CAG
• ABGBC
• BCGCA
• CAGAB
• ABCG
21P2 ABC 12.3km:Alarm The possible phase information for 21P2–21P5 is:
21P3 ABC 12.3km:Alarm • AB
21P4 ABC 12.3km:Alarm • BC
21P5 ABC 12.3km:Alarm • CA
• AB, BC
• AB, CA
• CA, BC
• ABC
• ABG
• BCG
• CAG
• ABGBC
• BCGCA
• CAGAB
• ABCG
21N2 AG 12.3km:Alarm The possible phase information for 21N2–N5, 50N/51N and 50G/
21N3 AG 12.3km:Alarm 51G is:
21N4 AG 12.3km:Alarm • AG
21N5 AG 12.3km:Alarm • BG
51N AG 12.3km:Trip • CG
50N AG 12.3km:Trip • ABG
51G AG 12.3km:Trip • BCG
50G AG 12.3km:Trip • CAG
• ABCG
46-51: Trip
46-50: Trip
51N: Alarm
51G: Alarm
46-51: Alarm
PUTT ABCG 12.3 km: Trip The possible phase information is:
DCB ABCG 12.3 km: Trip • AG
POTT ABCG 12.3 km: Trip • BG
• CG
POTT (WI) ABCG 12.3 km: Trip
• ABG
• BCG
• CAG
• AB
• BC
• CA
• AB, BC
• AB, CA
• CA, BC
• ABC
• ABCG
• ABGBC
• BCGCA
• CAGAB
Weak Infeed (WI) is not available unless POTT is selected.
DEF: Trip
59NDef: Trip
59Ninv: Trip
DEF: Send
SOTF ABC The possible phase information for the Switch-On-To-Fault will
be:
•A
•B
•C
• AB
• BC
• CA
• ABC
Extern Input Name: EIn: High External Input names are user assigned
Extern Input Name: EIn: Low External Input names are user assigned
Virtual Input Name: VIn: High Virtual Input names are user assigned
Virtual Input Name: VIn: Low Virtual Input names are user assigned
Output Contact Name: OCn: High Output Contact names are user assigned
Output Contact Name: OCn: Low Output Contacts names are user assigned
Com-Aided (Z2,Wi): Send Scheme types: WI, Z2, Z2 & WI, Z2 is Zone 2 POTT and WI is
Weak Infeed
81-1: Trip
81-2: Trip
81-3: Trip
81-4: Trip
79-3 Lead Lockout Recloser shot count has expired and reclosing attempts are
blocked.
79-3 Main Reclose: shot n Recloser Main circuit breaker close attempt where n equals the
shot count.
79-3 Follow Reclose: shot n Recloser Aux. circuit breaker close attempt where n equals the
shot count.
Self Check: DC Ch.n: O/P Block Continuous dc level on Ch. n, where n = 1 to 18. Relay is blocked.
GOOSE Comm. Alarm: Active Indicates a loss of GOOSE Subscription with a reference to the
Multicast MAC Address of the Published GOOSE.(see “Subscrip-
tion Supervision in the Event Log” on page 8-8)
Manual Settings Load request, activate SGn Manual or user-initiated settings change.
Changed Active Group from x to y This happens when relay changes setting group. Automatic group
Logic n logic initiated setting group change
User changed Active Group from x to y This happens when the relay changes setting group. User initiated
setting group change
Unit Recalibrated
Unit restarted
Note: For either of the above cases the DSP controller functions con-
tinue with normal auxiliary relay outputs provided that DSP failure or
Self Check Fail: Block has not occurred.
Self Check Fail The DSP has an algorithm that detects continuous dc levels on the analog in-
due to DC puts and initiates alarms and relay output contact blocking when the measured
Offset Detector dc level exceeds the Alarm or Block level. The Alarm level is intended to pro-
vide an early indication of a problem. The Block level blocks the relay from
false-tripping by preventing any output contact from closing. The Relay Func-
tional LED turns off, but the protection functions will operate normally, with
the exception that the output contacts will not be allowed to close. The Relay
Inoperative contact will close for a Block condition. The following table de-
scribes all the Alarm/Block indication functions
Action Condition
Alarm Block
Action Condition
The Self Check Fail signal, which is available in the Output Matrix, TUI me-
tering and SCADA, can be used to signal an alarm. Note that if this signal is
mapped to an output contact, the contact which it is mapped to will only be
closed for an alarm condition. If the relay is in the Block condition, the Relay
Inoperative contact must be used to signal an alarm.
The status of the Self Check Fail is available through the SCADA services pro-
vided by the relay. The digital signal Self Check Fail will indicate that DSP has
detected a continuous dc level and the analog metering value Self Check Fail
Parameter is used to indicate which condition, Alarm or Block. The failure
types and which analog values they are associated with are described in the ta-
ble below. Both signals are available in DNP and Modbus.
0 Normal
1 Alarm
2 Block
The Alarm condition is allowed to reset if the continuous dc level drops below
the pickup level. The Block condition has no reset level. If power is cycled to
the relay it will go into its normal state until the continuous dc level is detected
again.
Self Check Fail appears as “Aux. Failure Alarm” in the settings ver-
sions before V 10.
L-PRO Clock Time (UTC). Read all in same query to ensure consistent time reading data
Time of Acquisition (UTC). Read all in same query to ensure consistent time reading data
P 40304 MW 10
Q 40305 Mvar 10
S 40306 MVA 10
PF 40307 NA 100
PA 40310 MW 10
PB 40311 Mvar 10
PC 40312 Mvar 10
QA 40313 Mvar 10
QB 40314 Mvar 10
QC 40315 Mvar 10
SA 40316 MVA 10
SB 40317 MVA 10
SC 40318 MVA 10
Only the “hold readings” coil can be forced. When active, this coil locks all coil, input and holding register readings simultaneously
at their present values. When inactive, coil, input and holding register values will read their most recently available state.
Return Query Data (Subfunction 00) This provides an echo of the submitted message.
Restart Comm. Option (Subfunction 01) This restarts the Modbus communications process.
Force Listen Only Mode (Subfunction 04) No response is returned. IED enters “Listen Only” mode. This
mode can only be exited by the “Restart Comm. Option” com-
mand.
A fixed response is returned by the IED, including system model, version and issue numbers.
All L-PRO detector event messages displayed in the Event Log are available via Modbus. This includes fault location information.
The following controls are available.
Refresh Event List (Function Code 6, address 40513): Fetches the latest events from the relay's event log and
makes them available for Modbus access. The most recent event becomes the current
event available for reading.
Acknowledge Current Event and (Function Code 6, address 40514): Clears the current event from the read registers and
Get Next Event places the next event into them. An acknowledged event is no longer available for reading.
Get Next Event (Function Code 6, address 40515): Places the next event in the read registers without
acknowledging the current event. The current event will reappear in the list when Refresh
Event List is used.
Size of Current Event Message (Function Code 3, address 40516): Indicates the number of 16 bit registers used to contain
the current event. Event data is stored with 2 characters per register. A reading of zero indi-
cates that there are no unacknowledged events available in the current set. (NB. The
Refresh Event List function can be used to check for new events that have occurred since
the last Refresh Event List.)
Read Event Message (Function Code 3, addresses 40517 – 40569): Contains the current message. Two.
ASCII characters are packed into each 16 bit register. All unused registers in the set are set
to 0.
Fault Information – Type (Function Code 3, address 40571): If the current event is a fault location event, this register
contains the type of fault.
The following type bitmap:
0x0001 – Phase A
0x0002 – Phase B
0x0004 – Phase C
0x0008 – Ground
Any number of the flags may be set for a given fault. If the relay could not determine the
fault type, then the register will not have any flags set and will read 0x0000.
Fault Information – Fault Dis- (Function Code 3, address 40572): If the current event is a fault location event, this register
tance contains the distance to the fault. It is scaled up by a factor of 10. The units are the same as
the units set in the relay configuration.
Fault Information – Time of Fault (Function Code 3, addresses 40573 to 40576): If the current event is a fault location event,
these registers contain the time of the fault in seconds since 1970. Each of these 16-bit reg-
isters contains an 8-bit portion of a 32-bit time value. Register 40573 contains the upper
most 8 bits, and register 40576 contains the lowest 8 bits.
Fault Information
If configurable,
1.1 Device Identification Capabilities Current Value
list methods
1.1.9 Notable Additions: • Start-stop (qualifier codes 0x00 and 0x01), limited
quantity (qualifier codes 0x07 and 0x08) and indi-
ces (qualifier codes 0x17 and 0x28) for Binary In-
puts, Binary Outputs and Analog Inputs (object
groups 1, 10 and 30)
• 32-bit and 16-bit Analog Inputs with and without
flag (variations 1, 2, 3 and 4)
• Analog Input events with time (variations 3 and 4)
• Fault Location information as analog readings
• Event Log messages as Object groups 110 and
111
If configurable,
1.1 Device Identification Capabilities Current Value
list methods
If configurable,
1.2 Serial Connections Capabilities Current Value
list methods
1.2.2 Serial Connection Asynchronous - 8 Data Bits, 1 Start Bit, 1 Stop Not configured L-PRO Offliner
Parameters: Bit, No Parity for DNP
Other, explain - Asynchronous with selectable
parity
If configurable,
1.2 Serial Connections Capabilities Current Value
list methods
If configurable,
1.3 IP Networking Capabilities Current Value
list methods
1.3.2 Type of End Point: TCP Initiating (Master Only) Not configured L-PRO Offliner
TCP Listening (Outstation Only) for DNP
TCP Dual (required for Masters)
UDP Datagram (required)
1.3.6 Accepts TCP Allows all (show as *.*.*.* in 1.3.7) Limits based on L-PRO Offliner
Connections or UDP Limits based on an IP address an IP address
Datagrams from: Limits based on list of IP addresses
Limits based on a wildcard IP address
Limits based on list of wildcard IP addresses
Other validation, explain_________________
1.3.8 TCP Listen Port Not Applicable (Master w/o dual end point) 20,000 L-PRO Offliner
Number: Fixed at 20,000
Configurable, range 1025 to 32737
Configurable, selectable from ____,____,____
Configurable, other, describe______________
1.3.9 TCP Listen Port Not Applicable (Outstation w/o dual end point) NA
Number of remote Fixed at 20,000
device: Configurable, range _______ to _______
Configurable, selectable from ____,____,____
Configurable, other, describe______________
If configurable,
1.3 IP Networking Capabilities Current Value
list methods
1.3.14 Multiple master Supports multiple masters (Outstations only) Method 1 (based L-PRO Offliner
connections If supported, the following methods may be on IP address)
(Outstations Only): used:
Method 1 (based on IP address) - required
Method 2 (based on IP port number) -
recommended
Method 3 (browsing for static data) - optional
If configurable,
1.4 Link Layer Capabilities Current Value
list methods
If configurable,
1.5 Application Layer Capabilities Current Value
list methods
1.5.8 Supports mixing object Not applicable - controls are not supported Analog Outputs
groups (AOBs, CROBs Yes not supported
and Data Sets) in the No
same control request:
1.6.6 Event Buffer • Single buffer for the Object Groups 2 and 32, size
Organization: 200.
• Separate buffer for the Object Group 111, size
100.
• Separate buffer for the Fault Locator events, size
100.
If configurable,
1.8 Outstation Performance Capabilities Current Value
list methods
Capabilities and The following tables identify the capabilities and current settings for each
Current DNP3 data type. Each data type also provides a table defining the data points
Settings for available in the device, default point lists configuration and a description of
Device how this information can be obtained in case of customized point configura-
Database tion.
2.1.5 Definition of Binary Fixed, list shown in table below Complete list is L-PRO Offliner
Input Point List: Configurable shown in the
Other, explain_____________________ table below;
points excluded
from the default
configuration are
marked with ‘*’
2. Binary Input data points are user selectable; the data points avail-
Notes
able in the device for any given Binary Input point selection can be
obtained through the L-PRO Offliner software (see SCADA Setting
Summary).
56 ProLogic 1
2.2.1 Minimum pulse time Fixed at 0,000 ms (hardware may limit this
allowed with Trip, further)
Close, and Pulse On Based on point Index (add column to table
commands: below)
2.2.2 Maximum pulse time Fixed at 0,000 ms (hardware may limit this
allowed with Trip, further)
Close, and Pulse On Based on point Index (add column to table
commands: below)
2.2.5 Event Variation Variation 1 - without time Not supported L-PRO Offliner
reported when variation Variation 2 - with absolute time (See Note 2
0 requested: Based on point Index (add column to table below)
below)
2.2.6 Command Event Variation 1 - without time Not supported L-PRO Offliner
Variation reported when Variation 2 - with absolute time (See Note 2
variation 0 requested: Based on point Index (add column to table below)
below)
2.2.7 Event reporting mode: Only most recent Not supported L-PRO Offliner
All events (See Note 2
below)
2.2.10 Definition of Binary Fixed, list shown in table below Complete list is L-PRO Offliner
Output Status/Control Configurable shown in the
relay output block Other, explain_____________________ table below;
(CROB) Point List: points excluded
from the default
configuration are
marked with ‘*’
2. Events are not supported for Binary Outputs (group 10), but most of Binary
Output points can be mapped to Binary Inputs (group 2) with full Event and Class
Data support. See L-PRO Offliner/DNP Configuration/Point Map screen for com-
plete point lists and configuration options.
NOTES
3. Virtual Inputs (default Binary Output points 0-29) can be used to control relay
output contacts. See L-PRO Offliner/Setting Group X/Output Matrix screen for
configuration options.
4. Binary Output data points are user selectable; the data points available in the
device for any given Binary Output point selection can be obtained through the
L-PRO Offliner software (see SCADA Setting Summary).
Default Class
Supported Control Operations Assigned to Events
(1, 2, 3 or none)
Cancel Currently Running Operation
Direct Operate - No Ack
Latch On / NUL
Select/Operate
Direct Operate
Point Index
Count > 1
Pulse Off
Close
Trip
Default Class
Supported Control Operations Assigned to Events
(1, 2, 3 or none)
Latch On / NUL
Select/Operate
Direct Operate
Point Index
Count > 1
Pulse Off
Close
Trip
14 Virtual Input 15 Y Y Y Y - Y Y - - - - Inactive Active None None Pulse duration fixed
at 1 s
Default Class
Supported Control Operations Assigned to Events
(1, 2, 3 or none)
Latch On / NUL
Select/Operate
Direct Operate
Point Index
Count > 1
Pulse Off
Close
Trip
46 Output Contact 17 - - - - - - - - - - - Open Closed None None
2.3.7 Definition of Analog Fixed, list shown in table below Complete list is L-PRO Offliner
Input Point List: Configurable shown in the
Other, explain_____________________ table below;
points excluded
from the default
configuration are
marked with ‘*’
2. Nominal values in calculations for the following table are based on 69V sec-
ondary voltage * PT ratio for voltage channels, and either 1 A or 5A secondary
current * CT ratio for current channels dependent upon the format of CT config-
ured on the L-PRO.
3. Analog Input data points are user selectable; the data points available in the
device for any given Analog Input point selection can be obtained through the L-
PRO Offliner software (see SCADA Setting Summary).
4. When a fault location event is available, Binary Input Fault Information Avail-
able (default point index 80) is asserted while there are still fault location events
in the buffer (size 100). When a Pulse or Latch is received for the Binary Output
Get Next Fault Event (default point index 30, previous state is not important),
NOTES fault event information is put into the Analog Inputs. If there is no fault location
event available when the Binary Output is pulsed, the fault type is set to zero
Not all fault location events are reported trough DNP. In a burst of fault locations
from a fault, only the first processed event is available through DNP, all other
events within the following 100 ms interval are ignored. Outside 100 ms from the
processed fault location event, the system accepts another fault location event
and performs the same filtering. In addition, only fault location events generated
by trip elements are available.
The following bitmap id used for the fault information Type points:
0x0001 Phase A
0x0002 Phase B
0x0004 Phase C
0x0008 Ground
Default Class
Assigned to Multiplier Resolutiond
Name
Events
Minimum Maximumc (default/ (range))
Offset Units (default/ Description
(1, 2, 3 or none) maximal)
1 V1a Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
3 V1b Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
5 V1c Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
7 I1a Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
9 l1b Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
11 I1c Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
13 l1g Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
15 l01 Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
17 V2a Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
19 V2b Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
21 V2c Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
23 I2a Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
25 I2b Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
27 l2c Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
29 l2g Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
31 l02 Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
32 Line la Magnitude 2 0 Configurable 0.1 / (0.00001- 1.0) 0.0 A 0.1 / 0.01 Summated value, depend-
ent on Ring Bus Configura-
tion.
33 Line la Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01 Summated value, depend-
ent on Ring Bus Configura-
tion.
34 Line lb Magnitude 2 0 Configurable 0.1 / (0.00001- 1.0) 0.0 A 0.1 / 0.01 Summated value, depend-
ent on Ring Bus Configura-
tion.
35 Line lb Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01 Summated value, depend-
ent on Ring Bus Configura-
tion.
36 Line lc Magnitude 2 0 Configurable 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01 Summated value, depend-
ent on Ring Bus Configura-
tion.
37 Line lc Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01 Summated value, depend-
ent on Ring Bus Configura-
tion.
38 Line lg Magnitude 2 0 Configurable 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 A 0.1 / 0.01 Summated value, depend-
ent on Ring Bus Configura-
tion.
Default Class
Assigned to Multiplier Resolutiond
Name
Events
Minimum Maximumc (default/ (range))
Offset Units (default/ Description
(1, 2, 3 or none) maximal)
39 Line lg Angle -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01 Summated value, depend-
ent on Ring Bus Configura-
tion.
40 Line Za Magnitude 2 0 Configurable 1.0 / (0.01 - 1000) 0.0 Ohm 1.0 / 0.01 Dependent on Ring Bus
Configuration.
41 Line Za Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 degrees 0.1 / 0.01 Dependent on Ring Bus
Configuration.
42 Line Zb Magnitude 2 0 Configurable 1.0 / (0.01 - 1000) 0.0 Ohm 1.0 / 0.01 Dependent on Ring Bus
Configuration.
43 Line Zb Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 degrees 0.1 / 0.01 Dependent on Ring Bus
Configuration.
44 Line Zc Magnitude 2 0 Configurable 1.0 / (0.01 - 1000) 0.0 Ohm 1.0 / 0.01 Dependent on Ring Bus
Configuration.
45 Line Zc Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 degrees 0.1 / 0.01 Dependent on Ring Bus
Configuration.
46 Frequency 2 0 Configurable 0.01 / (0.001 - 1.0) 0.0 Hz 0.01 / 0.001 Positive sequence frequency
47 Voltage (V1) 2 0 Configurable 0.01 / (0.00001 - 1.0) 0.0 kV 0.01 / 0.00001 Positive sequence main volt-
age
48 Voltage (V2) 2 0 Configurable 0.01 / (0.00001 - 1.0) 0.0 kV 0.01 / 0.00001 Negative sequence main
voltage
49 Voltage (V0) 2 0 Configurable 0.01 / (0.00001 - 1.0) 0.0 kV 0.01 / 0.00001 Zero sequence main voltage
50 Current (l1) 2 0 Configurable 1.0 / (0.01 - 1000) 0.0 A 1.0 / 0.01 Positive sequence line cur-
rent, dependent on the Ring
Bus Configuration.
51 Current (l2) 2 0 Confugrable 1.0 / (0.01 - 1000) 0.0 A 1.0 / 0.01 Negative sequence line cur-
rent, dependent on the Ring
Bus Configuration.
52 Current (i0) 2 0 Configurable 1.0 / (0.01 - 1000) 0.0 A 1.0 / 0.01 Zero sequence line current,
dependent on the Ring Bus
Configuration.
56 Power factor 2 -1000 1000 0.01 / (0.001 - 0.1) 0.0 NA 0.01 / 0.001
57 Fault Information - none 0 65,535 1.0 0.0 NA 1.0 See note #4 on how to
DNP Time (High 16 access Fault Information.
bits)
Default Class
Assigned to Multiplier Resolutiond
Name
Events
Minimum Maximumc (default/ (range))
Offset Units (default/ Description
(1, 2, 3 or none) maximal)
73 Power Factor a 2 -1000 1000 0.01 / (0.001- 0.1) 0.0 NA 0.01 / 0.001
74 Power Factor b 2 -1000 1000 0.01 / (0.001- 0.1) 0.0 NA 0.01 / 0.001
75 Power Factor c 2 -1000 1000 0.01 / (0.001- 0.1) 0.0 NA 0.01 / 0.001
77 V1ab Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
79 V1bc Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
81 V1ca Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
83 V2ab Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
85 V2bc Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
87 V2ca Angle 2 -18,000 18,000 0.1 / (0.01 - 1.0) 0.0 Degrees 0.1 / 0.01
a. The minimum and maximum transmitted values are the lowest and highest values that the outstation will report in DNP analog input
objects. These values are integers if the outstation transmits only integers. If the outstation is capable of transmitting both integers
and floating-point, then integer and floating-point values are required for the minimums and maximums.
For example, a pressure sensor is able to measure 0 to 500 kPa. The outstation provides a linear conversion of the sensor's output
signal to integers in the range of 0 to 25000 or floating-point values of 0 to 500.000. The sensor and outstation are used in an appli-
cation where the maximum possible pressure is 380 kPa. For this input, the minimum transmitted value would be stated as 0 / 0.0
and the maximum transmitted value would be stated as 19000 / 380.000.
b. The scaling information for each point specifies how data transmitted in integer variations (16 bit and 32 bit) is converted to engi-
neering units when received by the Master (i.e. scaled according to the equation: scaled value = multiplier * raw + offset). Scaling
is not applied to Floating point variations since they are already transmitted in engineering units.
c. Maximal values are calculated as (2 * Configured Nominal / Multiplier) for voltage channels and as (40 * Configured Nominal /
Multiplier) for current channels (see Note 2 above for the nominal definitions).
d. Resolution is the smallest change that may be detected in the value due to quantization errors and is given in the units shown in the
previous column. This parameter does not represent the accuracy of the measurement.
* Object 110 and 111 are Octet String Object used to provide access to the
Event Log text of the relay. Object 110 always contains the most recent event
in the relay. Object 111 is the corresponding change event object.
As stated in the DNP specifications, the variation of the response object rep-
resents the length of the string. The string represents the ASCII values of the
event text. The first two characters in the string can be used to quickly identify
fault location events. Fault locator events begin with the characters "FL"
(0x46, 0x4C hex). The following example shows a fault distance event re-
turned through either of the octet string objects:
Event Message:
0x69 0x70
Implementation The following implementation table identifies which object groups and varia-
Table tions, function codes and qualifiers the device supports in both requests and re-
sponses. The Request columns identify all requests that may be sent by a
Master, or all requests that must be parsed by an Outstation. The Response col-
umns identify all responses that must be parsed by a Master, or all responses
that may be sent by an Outstation.
The implementation table must list all functionality required by the device wheth-
er Master or Outstation as defined within the DNP3 IED Conformance Test Pro-
cedures. Any functionality beyond the highest subset level supported is
NOTE
indicated by highlighted rows. Any Object Groups not provided by an outstation
or not processed by a Master are indicated by strikethrough (note these Object
Groups will still be parsed).
Request Response
DNP Object Group & Variation
Outstation parses Outstation can issue
1 0 Binary Input - Any Variation 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
00, 01 (start-stop)
07, 08 (limited qty)
17, 28 (index)
1 1 Binary Input - Packed format 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
00, 01 (start-stop)
07, 08 (limited qty)
17, 28 (index)
1 2 Binary Input - With flags 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
00, 01 (start-stop)
07, 08 (limited qty)
17, 28 (index)
2 0 Binary Input Event - Any Variation 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty)
2 1 Binary Input Event - Without time 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp)
2 2 Binary Input Event - With absolute 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
time 07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp)
2 3 Binary Input Event - With relative 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
time 07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp)
10 0 Binary Output - Any Variation 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
00, 01 (start-stop)
07, 08 (limited qty)
17, 28 (index)
10 2 Binary Output - Output Status with 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
flag 00, 01 (start-stop)
07, 08 (limited qty)
17, 28 (index)
12 1 Binary Command - Control relay 3 (select) 17, 28 (index) 129 (response) Echo of request
output block (CROB) 4 (operate)
5 (direct op)
6 (dir. op, no ack)
Request Response
DNP Object Group & Variation
Outstation parses Outstation can issue
30 0 Analog Input - Any Variation 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
00, 01 (start-stop)
07, 08 (limited qty)
17, 28 (index)
30 1 Analog Input - 32-bit with flag 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
00, 01 (start-stop)
07, 08 (limited qty)
17, 28 (index)
30 2 Analog Input - 16-bit with flag 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
00, 01 (start-stop)
07, 08 (limited qty)
17, 28 (index)
30 3 Analog Input - 32-bit without flag 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
00, 01 (start-stop)
07, 08 (limited qty)
17, 28 (index)
30 4 Analog Input - 16-bit without flag 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
00, 01 (start-stop)
07, 08 (limited qty)
17, 28 (index)
32 0 Analog Input Event - Any Variation 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty)
32 1 Analog Input Event - 32-bit without 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
time 07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp)
32 2 Analog Input Event - 16-bit without 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
time 07, 08 (limited qty) 130 (unsol. resp)
32 3 Analog Input Event - 32-bit with time 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty)
32 4 Analog Input Event - 16-bit with time 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
07, 08 (limited qty)
40 0 Analog Output Status - Any Varia- 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response)
tion
Request Response
DNP Object Group & Variation
Outstation parses Outstation can issue
41 2 Analog Output - 16-bit 3 (select) 17, 28 (index) 129 (response) Echo of request
4 (operate)
5 (direct op)
6 (dir. op, no ack)
50 1 Time and Date - Absolute time 2 (write) 07 (limited qty = 1) 129 (response)
51 1 Time and Date CTO - Absolute time, 129 (response) 07 (limited qty)
synchronized 130 (unsol. resp) (qty = 1)
51 2 Time and Date CTO - Absolute time, 129 (response) 07 (limited qty)
unsynchronized 130 (unsol. resp) (qty = 1)
60 1 Class Objects - Class 0 data 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 00, 01 (start-stop)
60 2 Class Objects - Class 1 data 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
60 3 Class Objects - Class 2 data 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
60 4 Class Objects - Class 3 data 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 17, 28 (index)
110 0 Octet string 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 07 (limited qty)
111 0 Octet string event 1 (read) 06 (no range, or all) 129 (response) 07 (limited qty)
200
340
177
D04234R02.20
available on the rear panel.
Figure H.1: L-PRO Rear Panel View
The rear view shown is for the 10CT, 6PT with 24DI, 32 DO configuration. Other
8. SLOT 5 / CON 2: RS485
9. SLOT 5 / CON 4: External Clock, IRIG-B Un-Modulated Input
10. SLOT 5 / CON 3: External Clock, IRIG-B Modulated Input
Appendix H-1
Appendix I Connection Diagram
Figure I.1: L-PRO 4500 Connection Diagram for 10CT, 6PT with 24DI, 32DO hardware configuration
VAUX
Figure I.2: L-PRO 4500 Connection Diagram for 5CT, 4PT with 24DI, 32DO hardware configuration
Hardware Configuration
Availability
Slot Terminal
Terminal Numbering
Number Type(s)
8DI, 16DI, 16DI, 24DI,
8D0 16DO 24DO 32DO
Hardware Configuration
Slot Availability
Terminal Type(s) Terminal Numbering
Number
5CT, 4PT 10CT, 6PT
6 Analogs 601-628 X
7 Analogs 701-729 X X
Relay Settings For all of the following examples, the following system was simulated using a
and System real-time power system simulator:
Parameters
The following relay settings are used for all of the operation examples in this
appendix:
No of
Fault Type Duration Recloser Mode Expected Behaviour
shots
1 All types Temporary (cleared Main (Lead) 4 3 phase trip, successful lead-reclose
(L-G, L-L, L-L-G, before the first then Aux (Fol- at the first shot, followed by a suc-
L-L-L) reclose shot, T1) lower) cessful follower-reclose after the pre-
defined time (TF or TD).
2 All types Temporary (cleared Main then Aux 4 3 phase trip, lead recloses and trips
(L-G, L-L, L-L-G, between the second at the first two shots, successful lead-
L-L-L) and the third reclose reclose at the third shot followed by
shots, T2<t<T3) successful follower reclose.
3 All types Permanent Main then Aux 4 3 phase trip, lead recloses and trips
(L-G, L-L, L-L-G, at all 4 shots, no follower reclosing,
L-L-L) both enter a lockout.
4 All types Permanent (lead cir- Main then Aux 4 3 phase trip, lead fails to reclose, fol-
(L-G, L-L, L-L-G, cuit breaker fails to lower replaces the lead after TC has
L-L-L) reclose) timed out, and recloses. After the 4
unsuccessful shots, enters a lockout.
Case 1
No of
Fault Type Duration Recloser Mode Expected Behaviour
shots
All types Temporary (cleared Main (Lead) 4 3 phase trip, successful lead-
(L-G, L-L, L-L-G, L-L-L) before the first then Aux (Fol- reclose at the first shot, followed
reclose shot, T1) lower) by a successful follower-reclose
after the pre-defined time (TF or
TD).
Case 2
No of
Fault Type Duration Recloser Mode Expected Behaviour
shots
Case 3
No of
Fault Type Duration Recloser Mode Expected Behaviour
shots
All types Permanent Main then Aux 4 3 phase trip, lead recloses and
(L-G, L-L, L-L-G, L-L-L) trips at all 4 shots, no follower
reclosing, both enter a lockout.
Case 4
No of
Fault Type Duration Recloser Mode Expected Behaviour
shots
All types Permanent (lead cir- Main then Aux 4 3 phase trip, lead fails to reclose,
(L-G, L-L, L-L-G, L-L-L) cuit breaker fails to follower replaces the lead after Tp
reclose) has timed out, and recloses. After
the 4 unsuccessful shots, enters
a lockout.
No of
Fault Type Duration Recloser Mode Expected Behaviour
shots
5 L-G (A-G) Temporary (cleared Main then Aux 1 Phase A trips, phases B and C
before the first continue to be in service. Success-
reclose shot, T1) ful lead-reclose at the first shot
(phase A), followed by a success-
ful follower-reclose.
7 L-G (A-G) Permanent (lead cir- Main then Aux 1 Phase A trips, lead fails to reclose,
cuit breaker fails to follower replaces the lead and
reclose) recloses, then 3 phase trips and
locks-out.
Case 5
No of
Fault Type Duration Recloser Mode Expected Behaviour
shots
L-G (A-G) Temporary (cleared Main then Aux 1 Phase A trips, phases B and C
before the first continue to be in service. Suc-
reclose shot, T1) cessful lead-reclose at the first
shot (phase A), followed by a suc-
cessful follower-reclose.
Case 6
No of
Fault Type Duration Recloser Mode Expected Behaviour
shots
Case 7
No of
Fault Type Duration Recloser Mode Expected Behaviour
shots
L-G (A-G) Permanent (lead cir- Main then Aux 1 Phase A trips, lead fails to
cuit breaker fails to reclose, follower replaces the
reclose) lead and recloses, then 3 phase
trips and locks-out.
Figure L.14: Output matrix settings for the 1/3 Phase Cases
Recloser Mode
Expected
Fault Type Duration No of shots
Behaviour
3 Ph 1 Ph
9 Multi-phase faults Temporary (cleared Aux then Aux then 1 3 phase trip, suc-
(L-L, L-L-G, L-L-L) before the first Main Main cessful lead-reclose
reclose shot, T1) at the first shot, fol-
lowed by a success-
ful follower-reclose.
Case 8
Recloser Mode
Fault Type Duration No of shots Expected Behaviour
3 Ph 1 Ph
Case 9
Recloser Mode
Fault Type Duration No of shots Expected Behaviour
3 Ph 1 Ph
3 phase trip,
successful lead-
Temporary (cleared
Multi-phase faults Aux then Aux then reclose at the first
before the first reclose 1
(L-L, L-L-G, L-L-L) Main Main shot, followed by a
shot, T1)
successful follower-
reclose.
Case 10
Recloser Mode
Fault Type Duration No of shots Expected Behaviour
3 Ph 1 Ph
L-G (A-G) Permanent Main Only Main Only 1 Phase A trips, lead
recloses and 3 phase
trips, and then enter a
lockout. No follower
reclosing,
M.1 Actions
A - DSP System Failure
The Unit Functional LED changes from green to off.The RL1 contact on the
rear panel closes to activate a remote alarm. All other contacts are forced inac-
tive.
The watch-dog repeatedly attempts to re-start the DSP for diagnostic purposes.
The Unit Functional LED stays off, RL1 remains closed and the other contacts
remain de-energized, even for a successful re-start. Only a power-down/pow-
er-up cycle will reset the Unit Functional LED to green, open RL1,and re-en-
ergize the other contacts.
1. The version shown in the user manual differs slightly in formatting to the official released version.
General The following ACSI conformance statements are used to provide an overview
and details about L-PRO 4500, with firmware v2.2:
• ACSI basic conformance statement
• ACSI models conformance statement
• ACSI service conformance statement
The statements specify the communication features mapped to IEC 61850-8-1
and IEC 61850-9-2.
ACSI basic The basic conformance statement is defined in Table N.1, “Basic conformance
conformance statement”.
statement
Table N.1: Basic conformance statement
Client-Server roles
SCSMs supported
– = not applicable
YES = supported
NO or empty = not supported
ACSI Models The ACSI models conformance statement is defined in Table N.2, “ACSI
Conformance models conformance statement”.
Statement
Table N.2: ACSI models conformance statement
M3 Data YES c1
M5 Substitution NO
Reporting
M7-10 GI YES
M8-8 GI YES
Logging NO
M9 Log control NO
M9-1 IntgPd NO
M10 Log NO
ACSI Service The ACSI service conformance statement is defined in ACSI service
Conformance Conformance statement (depending on the statements in Table N.1,
Statement “Basic conformance statement” and Table N.2, “ACSI models
conformance statement”).
Data: if M3=Y
S9 1,2 SetDataValues TP NO
Substitution: if M5=Y
Log; If M10=Y
GOOSE
GOOSE-CONTROL-BLOCK
GSSE
GSSE-CONTROL-BLOCK
Multicast SV
Unicast SV
Control: If M11=Y
Time
T0 (ms)(<=10ms),
7 <= T3 < 10 (c1)
T1 (μs)(<=1ms),
10<= T3 < 13
T2 (μs)(<=100μs),
13 <= T3 < 15
T3 (μs)(<=25μs),
15 <= T3 < 18
T4 (μs)(<=4μs),
18 <= T3 < 20
T5 (μs)(<=1μs),
20 <= T3 < 25
c1 TL may only be specified for Ed2. If Ed1 has accuracy which is better than 1 second but is not T1 then declare
T0.
Based upon
UCA International Users Group
Testing Sub Committee
MICS template for Server Test Procedures First edition and Edition 2 servers
Template version 1.2
1. The formatting of the official version of this document differs slightly from the version shown here in the
user manual, but the content is the same.
Logical Nodes The following table contains the list of logical nodes implemented in the de-
List vice:
PDIS (Distance)
PTOF (Overfrequency)
PTUF (Underfrequency)
PTUV (Undervoltage)
PTOV (Overvoltage)
RSYN (Synchronism-check)
RREC (Autoreclosing)
MMXU (Measurement)
Mandatory Below tables give an overview of the applicable mandatory Tissues. Items in
Edition 2 italic are brief interpretations provided by the UCA International Users Group
Tissues to aid in interpretation and is not normative. The original TISSUE should con-
sulted for details of changes.
Implemented
Tissue Description
Y/na
Part 6
1. The formatting of the official version of this document differs slightly from the version shown here in the
user manual, but the content is the same.
Implemented
Tissue Description
Y/na
Implemented
Tissue Description
Y/na
Part 7-1
1396 The use and configuration flow of LGOS and LSVS is unclear Y
If Services/SupSubscription@maxGo > 1 then at least 1 LGOS
must exist. Same for maxSv/LSVS.
If maxGo > count(LGOS) then SCT can create additional
LGOS. Same for maxSv/LSVS
Implemented
Tissue Description
Y/na
Part 7-2
Implemented
Tissue Description
Y/na
Part 7-3
711 blkEna freeze data update while setting its quality to operater- na
Blocked
Mode=Blocked shall not cause q.operatorBlocked
1565 db = 0 behaviour na
db=0 not longer suppresses reporting
Part 7-4
Implemented
Tissue Description
Y/na
682 ANCR.ParColMod na
ParColMod enum values text have changed
715 RBDR.ChNum1 na
RBDR.ChNum1 changes from optional to conditional
724 ANCR.Auto na
ANCR.Auto changes from mandatory to optional
736 PFSign na
MMXU.PFSign enum is extended with 3=Excitation
Implemented
Tissue Description
Y/na
774 ITCI.LocKey na
Add ITCI.LocKey as optional
Implemented
Tissue Description
Y/na
1331 Mod, Beh and Health with q=TEST, client can't receive their Y
states
Mod while in Blocked will always be processed
Part 8-1
Implemented
Tissue Description
Y/na
Protocol Implementation eXtra Information for Testing (PIXIT) for the IEC 61850
Edition 2 server interface in
L-PRO 4500
1. The formatting of the official version of this document differs slightly from the version shown here in the
user manual, but the content is the same.
Do1 2 How to expose required firmware versions Firmware version and ICD
not present in the datamodel file compatibility listed in the
firmware release notes.
As6 1,2 If association parameters are necessary for Transport selector 0001
association, describe the correct Called val- Session selector 0001
ues: e.g. Presentation
selector 00000001
other
Calling parameters: e.g.
Transport selector 0001
Session selector 0001
Presentation
selector 00000001
other
As7 1,2 What is the maximum and minimum MMS Max MMS PDU size
PDU size 32,000
As8 1,2 What is the maximum start up time after a 180 seconds
power supply interrupt
Value /
ID Ed Description
Clarification
Sr1 1,2 Which analogue value (MX) quality bits are supported Validity:
(can be set by server) Y Good,
N Invalid,
N Reserved,
N Questionable
Detail Quality:
N Overflow
N OutofRange
N BadReference
N Oscillatory
N Failure
N OldData
N Inconsistent
N Inaccurate
Miscellaneous:
Y Source
Y Test
N OperatorBlocked
Sr2 1,2 Which status value (ST) quality bits are supported (can Validity:
be set by server) Y Good,
N Invalid,
N Reserved,
N Questionable
Detail Quality:
N BadReference
N Oscillatory
N Failure
N OldData
N Inconsistent
N Inaccurate
Miscellaneous:
Y Source
Y Test
N OperatorBlocked
a. IEC 61850-6:2009 clause 9.5.6 states that if only a subrange of the enumeration value
set is supported, this shall be indicated within an ICD file by an enumeration type, where the
unsupported values are missing
Ds2 1 How many persistent data sets can be created by one CreateDataSet not
or more clients supported.
(this number includes predefined datasets)
Ds3 1 How many non-persistent data sets can be created CreateDataSet not
by one or more clients supported.
Sg2 1,2 What is the effect of when and how the non- Not Supported
volatile storage is updated
(compare IEC 61850-8-1 §16.2.4)
Sg3 1 Can multiple clients edit the same setting Not Supported
group
Rp5 1 Multi client URCB approach Each URCB is visible to all clients
(compare IEC 61850-7-2:2003
§14.2.1)
Rp7 1,2 What is the buffer size for each Buffer size is 50,000 bytes for each
BRCB or how many reports can be BRCB
buffered
Rp12 2 After restart of the server is the value Restored from original configuration
of ConfRev restored from the original
configuration or retained prior to
restart
Lg3 1,2 Are there multiple Log Control Blocks that spec- Not Supported
ify the Journaling of the same MMS NamedVari-
able and TrgOps and the Event Condition
(Compare IEC 61850-8-1 §17.3.3.3.2)
Gp1 1,2 Can the test (Ed1) / simulation (Ed2) flag in the N
published GOOSE be set
Gp3 1,2 Published FCD supported common data classes SPS, ENS, ACD, LPL,
are DPL, ACT, INS, ORG, SPC
Arrays are not supported
Gp7 1,2 What is the initial GOOSE sqNum after restart sqNum = 0
Gp9 1,2 Does Server or ICT refuse GOOSE payload Y – ICT refuses
dataset length greater than SCSM supports?
Gs2 1,2 When is a subscribed GOOSE marked as message does not arrive by 2x
lost TAL
(TAL = time allowed to live value from the
last received GOOSE message)
Gs3 1,2 What is the behaviour when one or more Server subscribes the GOOSE
subscribed GOOSE messages is not message. LGOS.St status is
received or syntactically incorrect (missing updated according to TAL
GOOSE)
Gs4 1,2 What is the behaviour when a subscribed If the GOOSE message has
GOOSE message is out-of-order out-of-order dataset members
Server subscribes the GOOSE
message. The GOOSE mes-
sage will be rejected. LGOS.St
will be updated according to
TAL of last received valid
GOOSE packet.
Gs5 1,2 What is the behaviour when a subscribed First message will process and
GOOSE message is duplicated second message will discard.
Gs6 1 Does the device subscribe to GOOSE Y, with the VLAN tag
messages with/without the VLAN tag Y, without the VLAN tag
Gs8 1,2 Subscribed FCD supported common data SPS, ACD, ACT, SPC
classes are Arrays are not supported
Gf3 1,2 Application logic scan cycle (ms) Max. 4ms (GOOSE PUB)
100us (GOOSE SUBS)
Gf4 1 Maximum number of data attributes in Such that dataset does not
GOOSE dataset (value and quality has exceed GOOSE: 1000 Bytes
to be counted as separate attributes)
Ct6 - What are the conditions for the time (T) Deprecated
attribute in the SelectWithValue and/or
Operate request
Ct8 1 What is the behaviour of the DUT when Check conditions are
the check conditions are set not checked.
Ct18 1 Deprecated
Ct26 1,2 Name an enhanced security point (if any) Ld/Ln.DataObject, xxx or
with a finite operate timeout No DOes points have timeout
DOes: No
specify the timeout (in milliseconds) SBOes: No
Tm2 1,2 Describe the behaviour when all time IRIG – next second
server(s) cease to respond
What is the time server lost detection SNTP – depends on polling interval
time configuration
Tm3 1,2 How long does it take to take over the 1 seconds
new time from time server
Tm4 1,2 When is the time quality bit “Clock- “ClockFailure” is always set to TRUE
Failure” set when valid IRIG is not present
Tm5 1 When is the time quality bit “Clock not “Clock not Synchronized” is
Synchronized” set set TRUE when valid IRIG is not
present
Tm8 1,2 Which attributes of the SNTP N Leap indicator not equal to 3
response packet are validated Y Mode is equal to SERVER
Y OriginateTimestamp is equal to
value sent by the SNTP client as
Transmit Timestamp
Y RX/TX timestamp fields are
checked for reasonableness
Y SNTP version 3 and/or 4
N other (describe)
Ft1 1 What is the structure of files and Flat file system with pseudo folders
directories (Ed2)
Where are the COMTRADE files COMTRADE files are not stored on
stored the IED
Ft5 1,2 Maximum file size for SetFile SetFile Not Supported
Ft7 1 Is the wild card supported in the MMS Yes, wild card = *
fileDirectory request
Ft9 1,2 Which files can be deleted No restriction for deleting files
L-PRO Logical Table N.6: L-PRO Logical Nodes defines the list of logical nodes (LN) for the
Node Summary L-PRO logical devices.
Note: System logical nodes (group L) are not shown here
LN Instance Protection
LD Name LN Description Comments
Name Function
LN Instance Protection
LD Name LN Description Comments
Name Function
FaultData D21P1MMXU1 Measurement 21P1 Zone 1 21P fault frequency, voltages and
currents
FaultData D21P2MMXU2 Measurement 21P2 Zone 2 21P fault frequency, voltages and
currents
FaultData D21P3MMXU3 Measurement 21P3 Zone 3 21P fault frequency, voltages and
currents
FaultData D21P4MMXU4 Measurement 21P4 Zone 4 21P fault frequency, voltages and
currents
FaultData D21P5MMXU5 Measurement 21P5 Zone 5 21P fault frequency, voltages and
currents
FaultData D21N1MMXU6 Measurement 21N1 Zone 1 21N fault frequency, voltages and
currents
FaultData D21N2MMXU7 Measurement 21N2 Zone 2 21N fault frequency, voltages and
currents
FaultData D21N3MMXU8 Measurement 21N3 Zone 3 21N fault frequency, voltages and
currents
FaultData D21N4MMXU9 Measurement 21N4 Zone 4 21N fault frequency, voltages and
currents
FaultData D21N5MMXU10 Measurement 21N5 Zone 5 21N fault frequency, voltages and
currents
FaultData DiSchMMXU11 Measurement Distance Scheme Distance scheme fault frequency, voltages
and currents
FaultData DEFSchMMXU12 Measurement DEF Scheme DEF scheme fault frequency, voltages and
currents
LN Instance Protection
LD Name LN Description Comments
Name Function
FaultData D21N1MSQI1 Measurement 21N1 Zone 1 21N fault Zero Sequence voltage
and current
FaultData D21N2MSQI2 Measurement 21N2 Zone 2 21N fault Zero Sequence voltage
and current
FaultData D21N3MSQI3 Measurement 21N3 Zone 3 21N fault Zero Sequence voltage
and current
FaultData D21N4MSQI4 Measurement 21N4 Zone 4 21N fault Zero Sequence voltage
and current
FaultData D21N5MSQI5 Measurement 21N5 Zone 5 21N fault Zero Sequence voltage
and current
FaultData DiSchMSQI6 Measurement Distance Scheme Distance scheme Zero Sequence current
LN Instance Protection
LD Name LN Description Comments
Name Function
FaultData DiSchRFLO11 Fault Locator Distance Scheme Distance scheme fault locator
FaultData DEFSchRFLO12 Fault Locator DEF Scheme Distance scheme fault locator
LN Instance Protection
LD Name LN Description Comments
Name Function
Protection D59NIPTOV5 Overvoltage 59N Inverse 59N Inverse Trip and Alarm
Protection D59NDPTOV6 Overvoltage 59N Inverse 59N DEF Trip and Alarm
Protection D68B1RPSB1 Power swing detec- 68-1 Zone 1 68 Power swing Trip/Block
tion/blocking
Protection D68B2RPSB2 Power swing detec- 68-2 Zone 2 68 Power swing Trip/Block
tion/blocking
Protection D68B3RPSB3 Power swing detec- 68-3 Zone 3 68 Power swing Trip/Block
tion/blocking
Protection D68B4RPSB4 Power swing detec- 68-4 Zone 4 68 Power swing Trip
tion/blocking
Protection D68B5RPSB5 Power swing detec- 68-5 Zone 5 68 Power swing Trip
tion/blocking
LN Instance Protection
LD Name LN Description Comments
Name Function
Protection D81_1PFRC1 Rate of change of 81-1 81-1 rate of change of frequency Trip
frequency
Protection D81_2PFRC2 Rate of change of 81-2 81-2 rate of change of frequency Trip
frequency
Protection D81_3PFRC3 Rate of change of 81-3 81-3 rate of change of frequency Trip
frequency
Protection D81_4PFRC4 Rate of change of 81-4 81-4 rate of change of frequency Trip
frequency
System LEDGGIO5 Generic process I/O Front Panel LED state Target from 1
through 17; ALARM; SERVICE REQUIRED
Subscription SUBSCRGGIO1 Generic process I/O External GOOSE Virtual Inputs from 1
through 30
LN Instance Protection
LD Name LN Description Comments
Name Function
Logical Node The following sections provide detailed spec information on the L-PRO logical
Specifications device and logical nodes as defined in the Table N.19 “L-PRO Logical Nodes”.
Note: System logical nodes (group L) are not shown here.
MainMMXU1$MX$Hz$mag$f Frequency
AuxMMXU2
This section defines logical node data for the logical node AuxMMXU2.
MainGMMXU3
This section defines logical node data for the logical node MainGMMXU3.
AuxGMMXU4
This section defines logical node data for the logical node MainGMMXU3.
Main3I0MMXU5
This section defines logical node data for the logical node Main3I0MMXU5.
AUX3I0MMXU6
This section defines logical node data for the logical node AUX3I0MMXU6.
MainMSQI1
This section defines logical node data for the logical node MainMSQI1.
D21P2MMXU2
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21P2MMXU2.
D21P3MMXU3
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21P3MMXU3.
D21P4MMXU4
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21P4MMXU4.
D21P5MMXU5
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21P5MMXU5.
D21N1MMXU6
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N1MMXU6.
D21N2MMXU7
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N2MMXU7.
D21N3MMXU8
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N3MMXU8.
D21N4MMXU9
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N4MMXU9.
D21N5MMXU10
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N5MMXU10.
DiSchMMXU11
This section defines logical node data for the logical node DSCHMMXU11.
DESchMMXU12
This section defines logical node data for the logical node DESchMMXU12.
D59M1MMXU13
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D59M1MMXU13.
D59A1MMXU14
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D59A1MMXU14.
D59M2MMXU15
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D59M2MMXU15.
D59A2MMXU16
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D59A2MMXU16.
D27MMXU17
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D27MMXU17.
D27AMMXU18
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D27AMMXU18.
D59NDMMXU19
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D59NDMMXU19.
D59NIMMXU20
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D59NIMMXU20.
D5167MMXU21
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D5167MMXU21.
D5067MMXU22
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D5067MMXU22.
D50LSMMMXU23
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D50LSMMMXU23.
D50LSAMMXU24
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D50LSAMMXU24.
SOTFMMXU25
This section defines logical node data for the logical node SOTFMMXU25.
D50GMMXU26
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D50GMMXU26.
D51GMMXU27
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D51GMMXU27.
D21N1MSQI1
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N1MSQI1.
D21N2MSQI2
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N2MSQI2.
D21N3MSQI3
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N3MSQI3.
D21N4MSQI4
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N4MSQI4.
D21N5MSQI5
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N5MSQI5.
DiSchMSQI6
This section defines logical node data for the logical node DiSchMSQI6.
D59NDMSQI7
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D59NDMSQI7.
D59NIMSQI8
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D59NIMSQI8.
D4650MSQI9
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D4650MSQI9.
D4651MSQI10
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D4651MSQI10.
D50NMSQI11
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D50NMSQI11.
D51NMSQI12
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D51NMSQI12.
SOTFMSQI13
This section defines logical node data for the logical node SOTFMSQI13.
D21P1RFLO1
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21P1RFLO1.
D21P2RFLO2
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21P2RFLO2.
D21P3RFLO3
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21P3RFLO3.
D21P4RFLO4
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21P4RFLO4.
D21P5RFLO5
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21P5RFLO5.
D21N1RFLO6
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N1RFLO6.
21N2RFLO7
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N2RFLO7.
D21N3RFLO8
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N3RFLO8.
D21N4RFLO9
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N4RFLO9.
D21N5RFLO10
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N5RFLO10.
DiSchRFLO11
This section defines logical node data for the logical node DiSchRFLO11.
DESchRFLO12
This section defines logical node data for the logical node DESchRFLO12.
D50NRFLO13
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D50NRFLO13.
D51NRFLO14
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D51NRFLO14.
D50GRFLO15
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D50GRFLO15.
D51GRFLO16
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D51GRFLO16.
D21P2PDIS2
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21P2PDIS2.
D21P3PDIS3
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21P3PDIS3.
D21P4PDIS4
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21P4PDIS4.
D21P5PDIS5
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21P5PDIS5.
D21N1PDIS6
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N1PDIS6.
D21N2PDIS7
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N2PDIS7.
D21N3PDIS8
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N3PDIS8.
D21N4PDIS9
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N4PDIS9.
D21N5PDIS10
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D21N5PDIS10.
LodEncPDIS11
This section defines logical node data for the logical node LodEncPDIS11.
D25SYCRSYN1
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D25SYCRSYN1.
D27MPTUV1
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D27MPTUV1.
D27APTUV2
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D27APTUV2.
D50BFMRBRF1
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D50BFMRBRF1.
D50BFMRBRF2
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D50BFMRBRF2.
D50BFARBRF3
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D50BFARBRF3.
D50BFARBRF4
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D50BFARBRF4.
BFIRBRF5
This section defines logical node data for the logical node BFIRBRF5.
D50LS1PIOC1
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D50LS1PIOC1.
D50LS2PIOC2
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D50LS2PIOC2.
D50PIOC3
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D50PIOC3.
D50PIOC3$ST$Str$general 50 Trip
D50PIOC3$ST$Op$general 50 Trip
D50NPIOC4
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D50NPIOC4.
D4650PIOC5
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D4650PIOC5.
D50GPIOC6
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D4650PIOC6.
D51PTOC1
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D51PTOC1.
D51PTOC1$ST$Str$general 51 Alarm
D51PTOC1$ST$Op$general 51 Trip
D51NPTOC2
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D51NPTOC2.
D4651PTOC3
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D4651PTOC3.
D51GPTOC4
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D51GPTOC4.
D46BCPTOC5
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D46BCTPOC5.
D60CTSMPTOC6
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D60CTSMPTOC6.
D60CTSAPTOC7
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D60CTSAPTOC7.
D59M1PTOV1
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D59M1PTOV1.
D59M2PTOV2
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D59MPTOV2.
D59A1PTOV3
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D59A1PTOV3.
D59A2PTOV4
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D59A2PTOV4.
D59NIPTOV5
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D59NIPTOV5.
D59NDPTOV6
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D59NDPTOV6.
D60LOPPTOV7
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D60LOPPTOV7.
D60LOPPTOV7$ST$Str$general 60 Alarm
D60LOPPTOV7$ST$Op$general 60 Alarm
D68BIRPSB1
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D68BIRPSB1.
D68B2RPSB2
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D68B2RPSB2.
D68B3RPSB3
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D68B3RPSB3.
D68B4RPSB4
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D68B4RPSB4.
D68B5RPSB5
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D68B5RPSB5.
D68TrRPSB6
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D68TrRPSB6.
D79MRREC1
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D79MRREC1.
D79ARREC2
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D79ARREC2.
D81_1PFRC1
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D81_1PFRC1.
D81_2PFRC2
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D81_2PFRC2.
D81_3PFRC3
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D81_3PFRC3.
D81_4PFRC4
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D81_4PFRC4.
D81_1PTOF1
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D81_1PTOF1.
D81_2PTOF2
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D81_2PTOF2.
D81_3PTOF3
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D81_3PTOF3.
D81_4PTOF4
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D81_4PTOF4.
D81_1PTUF1
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D81_1PTUF1.
D81_2PTUF2
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D81_2PTUF2.
D81_3PTUF3
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D81_3PTUF3.
D81_4PTUF4
This section defines logical node data for the logical node D81_4PTUF4.
DisSchPSCH1
This section defines logical node data for the logical node DisSchPSCH1.
DEFSchPSCH2
This section defines logical node data for the logical node DEFSchPSCH2.
SOTFPSOF1
This section defines logical node data for the logical node SOTFPSOF1.
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind1$stVal ProLogic 1
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind2$stVal ProLogic 2
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind3$stVal ProLogic 3
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind4$stVal ProLogic 4
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind5$stVal ProLogic 5
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind6$stVal ProLogic 6
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind7$stVal ProLogic 7
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind8$stVal ProLogic 8
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind9$stVal ProLogic 9
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind10$stVal ProLogic 10
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind11$stVal ProLogic 11
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind12$stVal ProLogic 12
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind13$stVal ProLogic 13
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind14$stVal ProLogic 14
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind15$stVal ProLogic 15
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind16$stVal ProLogic 16
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind17$stVal ProLogic 17
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind18$stVal ProLogic 18
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind19$stVal ProLogic 19
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind20$stVal ProLogic 20
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind21$stVal ProLogic 21
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind22$stVal ProLogic 22
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind23$stVal ProLogic 23
PLGGIO1$ST$Ind24$stVal ProLogic 24
SGGGIO2
This section defines logical node data for the logical node SGGGIO2.
EIGGIO3
This section defines logical node data for the logical node EIGGIO3.
OCGGIO4
This section defines logical node data for the logical node OCGGIO4.
LEDGGIO5
This section defines logical node data for the logical node LEDGGIO5.
VIGGIO6
This section defines logical node data for the logical node VIGGIO6.
TSAlmGGIO7
This section defines logical node data for the logical node TSAlmGGIO7.
SChAlmGGIO8
This section defines logical node data for the logical node SChAlmGGIO8.
ComAlmGGIO9
This section defines logical node data for the logical node ComAlmGGIO9.
LGOS1-LGOS15
This section defines logical node data for the logical nodes LGOS1 to
LGOS15. There are potentially 15 LGOS LNs created, depending on the map-
ping present in the CID file. There is one LGOS LN created per GOOSE Con-
trol Block mapped to the SUBSCRGGIO1 LN (maximum of 15). The table
below shows only LGOS1, but the table applies to all LGOS LNs (only index
number changes).
SPCSOLATGGIO2
This section defines logical node data for the logical node SPCSOLATGGIO2.
Index
Numerics group logic 5-50, 5-51, 7-30
21P phase distance 5-1
H
25/27/59 sync check 5-39
HyperTerminal 3-7
46/50/51/67 negative sequence
overcurrent 5-46 I
46BC - Broken Conductor 5-48 identification 7-8
50/51/67 phase overcurrent 5-42 IEC 61850 N-1
50BF breaker failure 5-39 inputs
50LS low set overcurrent 5-42 external 1-5
50N/51N/67 neutral overcurrent 5-44, IRIG-B time 3-3
7-30 IRIG-B time input 3-3
59 overvoltage 5-32
L
60 loss of potential 5-49, 7-30
LED lights 4-3
68 out of step 5-49
line parameters 7-23
79 recloser 5-25
81 frequency 5-37 M
81 over/under frequency 7-30 mho
characteristic shapes 5-3, 9-6
A phase and ground 5-2
ac and dc wiring 2-2
Alarm 4-3 O
analog input 7-9 Offliner settings 7-1
output contact 7-11
B Output Matrix 5-64, 7-31
Base MVA 7-18 output matrix 7-31
C P
calibrate 9-2 parameters
calibration 9-2 line 7-23
communication system 7-17
direct serial link 3-7 physical mounting 2-1
network link 3-7 power supply 3-2
relay 3-4
ProLogic 7-30
communication-aided scheme 5-53 protection functions 5-1, 7-29
CT turns ratio 7-18 graphing 7-29
D PT turns ratio 7-18
DCB logic 5-55 PUTT logic 5-56
dead line pickup 5-20 PUTT scheme 7-26
display 4-5 R
E record
ERL 61850 IED Configurator 7-34 duration and extension 5-60, 5-61
initiation 5-60
external input 7-10
length 7-21
F storage, retrieval and analysis 5-61
fault locator 5-49 RecordGraph software 7-33
Front display 4-1 recording 5-59
front display 4-2, 4-5 swing 5-60
Front view 4-1 Relay functional 4-1, 4-3
G S
Grounding 2-2 SCADA
accessing 3-12
communication parameters 3-12
diagnostics 3-12
protocol selection 3-12
scheme selector 7-25
Service 4-3
setting groups 7-15, 7-22
start-up 4-1
Switch On To Fault (SOTF) 5-20
system parameters 7-16, 7-17
system requirements 4-vi
hardware 4-vi
operating system 4-vi
T
Test mode 4-1, 4-3
testing
21N2 ground distance 9-22
21P1 phase distance 9-14
21P2 phase distanc 9-16
25/27/59 sync check 9-51
46-50/46-51 negative sequence
overcurrent 9-39
50/51 phase overcurrent 9-33
50BF breaker fail 9-46
50LS low set overcurrent 9-46
50N/51N neutral overcurrent 9-31
79 recloser 9-53
81 overfrequency 9-48
81 underfrequency 9-48
directional element 9-40
external inputs 9-3
output relay contacts 9-3
tool bar 7-3
V
version descriptions 3-xi
view settings 7-32
virtual inputs 7-13
W
weak infeed 5-23