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    BJT As Amplifier - 2023

    Uploaded by

    Samer Seif
    This document discusses the common emitter circuit configuration for bipolar junction transistors. It covers key topics such as the common emitter schematic, regions of operation, DC biasing, amplifier models, gain equations, and the importance of proper biasing for linear amplification. Transistors must be biased at a quiescent point to accurately amplify input signals at the output without saturation or cutoff. The common emitter configuration provides high current gain due to its relationship between the beta and alpha amplification factors.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    BJT As Amplifier - 2023

    Uploaded by

    Samer Seif
    16 views19 pages
    This document discusses the common emitter circuit configuration for bipolar junction transistors. It covers key topics such as the common emitter schematic, regions of operation, DC biasing, amplifier models, gain equations, and the importance of proper biasing for linear amplification. Transistors must be biased at a quiescent point to accurately amplify input signals at the output without saturation or cutoff. The common emitter configuration provides high current gain due to its relationship between the beta and alpha amplification factors.

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    BJT As amplifier_2023

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    This document discusses the common emitter circuit configuration for bipolar junction transistors. It covers key topics such as the common emitter schematic, regions of operation, DC biasing, amplifier models, gain equations, and the importance of proper biasing for linear amplification. Transistors must be biased at a quiescent point to accurately amplify input signals at the output without saturation or cutoff. The common emitter configuration provides high current gain due to its relationship between the beta and alpha amplification factors.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    16 views19 pages

    BJT As Amplifier - 2023

    Uploaded by

    Samer Seif
    This document discusses the common emitter circuit configuration for bipolar junction transistors. It covers key topics such as the common emitter schematic, regions of operation, DC biasing, amplifier models, gain equations, and the importance of proper biasing for linear amplification. Transistors must be biased at a quiescent point to accurately amplify input signals at the output without saturation or cutoff. The common emitter configuration provides high current gain due to its relationship between the beta and alpha amplification factors.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 19

    Electronic Circuits (ELE_112)

    Power Engineering Program

    Dr Ayman Elshabrawy M Ahmed Date : 26/4/2022


    Common Emitter Circuit Schematic
    Regions of Operation
    DC Bias Circuit
    • The required to work in active region
    • 𝛽𝛽 = 99
    • 𝑉𝑉𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 = 0.7𝑉𝑉
    • 𝐼𝐼𝐸𝐸 = 2.5𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
    • 𝐼𝐼𝐵𝐵1 = 19𝐼𝐼𝐵𝐵
    Common Emitter Circuit Schematic
    • Examine the AC behavior of BJT
    Amplifier Model
    • gm = transconductance
    I-V Characteristic
    i = gm*vin
    CE Amplifier
    I-V Characteristics
    Gain Equation
    Common Emitter Connection
    • In this circuit arrangement, input is
    applied between base and emitter
    and output is taken from the collector
    and emitter.
    • Base current amplification factor (β).
    • In common emitter connection, input
    current is IB and output current is IC.
    • The ratio of change in collector
    current (Δ IC) to the change in base
    current (Δ IB) is known as base current
    amplification factor
    Common Emitter Connection
    • Relation between β and α. A simple relation between β and α can be derived as
    follows:

    • As α approaches unity, β approaches infinity. i.e., the current gain in common


    emitter connection is very high. It is due to this reason that this circuit
    arrangement is used in about 90 to 95 percent of all transistor applications.
    Common Collector Connection
    • In this circuit arrangement, input is applied
    between base and collector while output is taken
    between the emitter and collector.
    • (i) Current amplification factor γ. In common
    collector circuit, input current is the base current
    IB and output current is the emitter current IE.
    • The ratio of change in emitter current (ΔIE) to the
    change in base current (ΔIB) is known as current
    amplification factor in common collector
    arrangement.

    • This circuit provides about the same current gain


    as the common emitter circuit as Δ IE ≈ Δ IC.
    However, its voltage gain is always less than 1.
    Relation between γ and α
    Transistor as an Amplifier in CE Arrangement

    • Note that a battery VBB is connected in the input circuit in addition


    to the signal voltage. This dc voltage is known as bias voltage and its
    magnitude is such that it always keeps the emitter- base junction
    forward biased regardless of the polarity of the signal source.
    Operation
    • During the positive half-cycle of the signal, the forward bias across
    the emitter-base junction is increased.
    • Therefore, more electrons flow from the emitter to the collector via
    the base. This causes an increase in collector current.
    • The increased collector current produces a greater voltage drop
    across the collector load resistance RC.
    • During the negative half-cycle of the signal, the forward bias across
    emitter base junction is decreased.
    • Therefore, collector current decreases. This results in the decreased
    output voltage (in the opposite direction). Hence, an amplified
    output is obtained across the load.
    DC Load Line and Q-Point
    • A transistor must be properly biased with a dc voltage in order to operate as a
    linear amplifier.
    • A dc operating point Q-point (quiescent point) must be set so that signal
    variations at the input terminal are amplified and accurately reproduced at the
    output terminal.
    Importance of Biasing
    • Bias establishes the dc operating point (Q-point) for proper linear operation of an
    amplifier. If an amplifier is not biased with correct dc voltages on the input and
    output, it can go into saturation or cutoff when an input signal is applied.

    Linear operation: larger output Nonlinear operation:


    has same shape as input except output voltage limited
    that it is inverted. (clipped) by cutoff

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