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Complete_Python_Notes_Basic_to_Advanced

This document provides comprehensive notes on Python for web and backend developer interviews, covering key topics such as syntax, data types, control flow, functions, object-oriented programming, file handling, exception handling, and more. It also includes best practices, testing frameworks, and an introduction to web development with Django and Flask. Each section contains code examples and explanations to aid understanding of Python concepts.

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abhinavdogra649
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0 views

Complete_Python_Notes_Basic_to_Advanced

This document provides comprehensive notes on Python for web and backend developer interviews, covering key topics such as syntax, data types, control flow, functions, object-oriented programming, file handling, exception handling, and more. It also includes best practices, testing frameworks, and an introduction to web development with Django and Flask. Each section contains code examples and explanations to aid understanding of Python concepts.

Uploaded by

abhinavdogra649
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Python Notes for Web/Backend Developer Interviews

1. Introduction to Python

- Python is an interpreted, high-level, dynamically typed programming language.


- Created by Guido van Rossum, released in 1991.
- Used in web development, automation, data science, AI, and more.

Hello World:
print("Hello, World!")

2. Python Syntax and Variables

- Python uses indentation to define blocks.


- Variables do not need explicit declaration.

Examples:
x=5
name = "Abhinav"
PI = 3.14159

3. Data Types

- int, float, str, bool, list, tuple, dict, set, NoneType

Type Conversion:
int("10"), float("5.5"), str(100), bool(0)

4. Operators

- Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, //, %, **
- Comparison: ==, !=, <, >, <=, >=
- Logical: and, or, not
- Membership: in, not in
- Identity: is, is not

5. Control Flow

if, elif, else:


if x > 0:
print("Positive")

Loops:
for i in range(5):
print(i)
Python Notes for Web/Backend Developer Interviews

while x < 10:


x += 1

Loop Controls:
- break, continue, pass

6. Functions

def greet(name="User"):
return f"Hello, {name}"

Arguments:
- Positional, Keyword, Default, *args, **kwargs

Lambda Function:
square = lambda x: x * x

7. Data Structures

List:
my_list = [1, 2, 3]
my_list.append(4)

Tuple:
my_tuple = (1, 2, 3)

Dictionary:
my_dict = {"name": "Abhinav", "age": 25}

Set:
my_set = {1, 2, 3}

8. Object-Oriented Programming

class Person:
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name

def greet(self):
return f"Hi, I'm {self.name}"

- Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Abstraction


- @classmethod, @staticmethod, property decorators
Python Notes for Web/Backend Developer Interviews

9. File Handling

with open('file.txt', 'r') as f:


content = f.read()

Modes: 'r', 'w', 'a', 'rb', 'wb'

Writing:
with open('output.txt', 'w') as f:
f.write("Hello")

10. Exception Handling

try:
x=1/0
except ZeroDivisionError as e:
print("Error:", e)
finally:
print("Done")

11. Modules and Packages

- import module, from module import func


- __init__.py defines a package
- Use pip to install external modules: pip install requests

12. Comprehensions

List:
[x*x for x in range(10) if x % 2 == 0]

Dict:
{k: k*k for k in range(5)}

13. Decorators

def decorator(func):
def wrapper():
print("Before")
func()
print("After")
return wrapper
Python Notes for Web/Backend Developer Interviews

@decorator
def say_hello():
print("Hello")

14. Generators and Iterators

def countdown(n):
while n > 0:
yield n
n -= 1

- Uses: large data processing, memory efficiency

15. Context Managers

with open('file.txt') as f:
data = f.read()

- Custom context managers using __enter__ and __exit__

16. Built-in Functions and Modules

- map, filter, zip, enumerate, sorted, any, all


- Modules: os, sys, datetime, random, math, itertools, functools

17. Testing

- unittest, pytest frameworks

import unittest

class TestMath(unittest.TestCase):
def test_add(self):
self.assertEqual(2 + 2, 4)

18. Type Hints

def greet(name: str) -> str:


return f"Hello {name}"

- Use typing module: List, Dict, Tuple, Optional


Python Notes for Web/Backend Developer Interviews

19. Pythonic Code and Best Practices

- Follow PEP8
- Use list comprehensions, unpacking, context managers
- Use meaningful variable/function names

20. Python in Web Development (Intro to Django)

- Django: MTV framework for rapid backend development


- Flask: lightweight alternative

Install Django:
pip install django

Start Project:
django-admin startproject myproject

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