The Cell Class VIII
The Cell Class VIII
The Cell Class VIII
The Cell
Discovery
Robert Hook discovered the cell in
1665.
Cell
Theory
Theodor
Schwann & M. J.
Schleiden gave the cell theory.
The cell theory state that1. All the living organisms are
made up of cells.
2. New cells are formed from
the pre-existing cells.
3. Cells are considered as
building blocks of the body
Classification of
Classification
Unicellular
of Organisms on the basis of number of cells
Organisms
Unicellular
Organisms
1. Consists
of Single Cell.
2. All the vital activities such asRespiration, Reproduction,
Digestion, etc. are carried out
in a single cell. For Example:
Amoeba, Paramecium, Yeast, etc.
Multicellular
Organisms
1. Consists
of more than one cell.
2. Different organs performs different vital
activities in the body. For example:
Human being, Animals, Plants, Etc.
Cell Size
Size of cell ranging from a micron to few centimeters.
The largest cell in plant- OVULE OF CYCAS.
Largest cell in animals- EGG OF AN OSTRICH.
Smallest cell in animals- Mycoplasma
In human beings Largest cell Nerve cells.
Smallest cell Blood cells.
Cell
Shapes
Structure of
Cell
Structure of a Cell
Cell
Membrane
o
o
o
o
Nucleus
Components of
Nucleus
Components of Nucleus
Classification of
Nucleus
Prokaryotic
These cells having
the primitive
Cells
type of nucleus. It means that
the nuclear material is not
surrounded by the nuclear
membrane. For example:
Bacteria, blue-green algae.
Eukaryotic
These cells having
true nucleus. It
Cells
means nuclear material is
surrounded by the nuclear
membrane. For example: All
plants & animals.
Difference between
Prokaryotic &
Eukaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Cells
Primitive type of
nucleus is present.
True nucleus is
present.
Histone protein is
absent.
Histone protein is
present.
70S type of
80S type of
Cytoplasm
Mitochondrion
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi bodies
Lysosomes
Plastids
vacuoles
Mitochondrio
o It is small spherical long rods or
n
filamentous structure.
o It is called as Power House of
the cell because it forms energy
in the form ATP.
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
o It acts as cytoskeleton.
o It provides mechanical support to the cell.
o It helps in Protein synthesis.
Ribosome
o
o
o
o
Golgi Bodies
Lysosomes
o It was discovered by Christian De Duve in.
o These are small vacuoles in cytoplasm
which are filled with digestive enzymes.
o Lysosomes are present animal cells only.
o It is also known suicidal bags.
Chromosomes
Plastids
Vacuoles
o It is membrane bound cell organelles.
o Having no internal structure.
o They are generally used to store cell
products or protect the rest of the cell from
invading microorganisms.
o Vacuole are generally present in plant cells.
Difference between
Animal Cells and
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Plant Cells
Cell membrane is
present.
Cell membrane is
present.