This presentation explains how to improve energy efficiency in lighting systems. It was prepared for energy auditor training in Nepal in the context of GIZ/NEEP programme. For further information go to EEC webpage: http://www.eec-fncci.org
LEDs, or light–emitting diodes, are semiconductor devices that produce visible light when an electrical current is passed through them. LEDs are a type of Solid State Lighting (SSL). LED lighting differs from incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting in several ways. When designed well, LED lighting can be more efficient, durable, versatile and longer lasting.This presentation compares the three common types of bulbs on the market today: LED, Incandescent and Compact Fluorescents (CFLs). For more about LED lighting and our LED energy savings programs for businesses in the Caribbean, visit http://www.reelcaribbeanenergy.com.
This document discusses energy efficient lighting and provides a brief history of light and lighting technologies. It describes early lighting methods such as fire and torches. Modern technologies discussed include compact fluorescent lights (CFLs), induction lighting, and LED lighting. These new lighting methods use 40-60% less energy than traditional incandescent bulbs and last much longer. The document provides examples of energy efficient lighting being used for street lights, signage, and other applications. It emphasizes that switching to energy efficient lighting can provide significant energy savings.
This document discusses ways to reduce energy usage from lighting in buildings through green practices. It recommends using natural daylight whenever possible through proper window and skylight design. When artificial lights are needed, the right amount and type of lighting should be used based on the task. Different lighting technologies like LEDs and fluorescents are more efficient than incandescent bulbs. Automatic controls can further reduce energy by turning lights off when not needed or adjusting output based on daylight.
This document discusses illumination and lighting design. It begins by outlining the objectives of studying illumination for architects, including providing proper ambient lighting, safety, and energy efficiency. It then defines key lighting terms like illuminance, luminous intensity, and luminance. The document covers the inverse square law and Lambert's cosine law governing light distribution. It describes the history of lighting technologies from candles to modern LEDs. It also discusses light sources like fluorescent lamps and the types of lighting schemes and lamps used in various applications.
This document discusses lighting design for commercial and residential spaces. It covers various topics such as:
1. The different types of light sources including incandescent, fluorescent, halogen, and LED lamps.
2. Factors that influence light quality like color temperature, color rendering index, and lighting fixtures.
3. Classifications of lighting fixtures and the different types of lighting like general, accent, task, and decorative lighting.
4. Detailed information about incandescent lamps, their construction, advantages, disadvantages and types.
Electrical lamps have several advantages over mechanical lamps including cleanliness, easy control, lower cost, ease of use, steady output, reliability, and suitability for many purposes. Common electrical lighting types discussed in the document include incandescent, fluorescent, high intensity discharge, and light emitting diode lamps. Incandescent lamps work by passing current through a tungsten filament to produce light, while fluorescent lamps use mercury and phosphors to convert ultraviolet light into visible light. Tungsten-halogen lamps improve on incandescent efficiency through the use of halogen gases.
This document provides an overview of various types of electrical lighting sources and illumination concepts. It discusses the basic terms used in illumination like luminous flux, lumen, candle power, and inverse square and Lambert's cosine laws. It then describes different electrical light sources including incandescent, fluorescent, mercury vapor, sodium vapor, neon and halogen lamps. For each light source, it explains the working principle, construction details, advantages and applications. The document serves as a useful reference for understanding various electrical lighting techniques and concepts of illumination.
LEDs, or light–emitting diodes, are semiconductor devices that produce visible light when an electrical current is passed through them. LEDs are a type of Solid State Lighting (SSL). LED lighting differs from incandescent and compact fluorescent lighting in several ways. When designed well, LED lighting can be more efficient, durable, versatile and longer lasting.This presentation compares the three common types of bulbs on the market today: LED, Incandescent and Compact Fluorescents (CFLs). For more about LED lighting and our LED energy savings programs for businesses in the Caribbean, visit http://www.reelcaribbeanenergy.com.
This document discusses energy efficient lighting and provides a brief history of light and lighting technologies. It describes early lighting methods such as fire and torches. Modern technologies discussed include compact fluorescent lights (CFLs), induction lighting, and LED lighting. These new lighting methods use 40-60% less energy than traditional incandescent bulbs and last much longer. The document provides examples of energy efficient lighting being used for street lights, signage, and other applications. It emphasizes that switching to energy efficient lighting can provide significant energy savings.
This document discusses ways to reduce energy usage from lighting in buildings through green practices. It recommends using natural daylight whenever possible through proper window and skylight design. When artificial lights are needed, the right amount and type of lighting should be used based on the task. Different lighting technologies like LEDs and fluorescents are more efficient than incandescent bulbs. Automatic controls can further reduce energy by turning lights off when not needed or adjusting output based on daylight.
This document discusses illumination and lighting design. It begins by outlining the objectives of studying illumination for architects, including providing proper ambient lighting, safety, and energy efficiency. It then defines key lighting terms like illuminance, luminous intensity, and luminance. The document covers the inverse square law and Lambert's cosine law governing light distribution. It describes the history of lighting technologies from candles to modern LEDs. It also discusses light sources like fluorescent lamps and the types of lighting schemes and lamps used in various applications.
This document discusses lighting design for commercial and residential spaces. It covers various topics such as:
1. The different types of light sources including incandescent, fluorescent, halogen, and LED lamps.
2. Factors that influence light quality like color temperature, color rendering index, and lighting fixtures.
3. Classifications of lighting fixtures and the different types of lighting like general, accent, task, and decorative lighting.
4. Detailed information about incandescent lamps, their construction, advantages, disadvantages and types.
Electrical lamps have several advantages over mechanical lamps including cleanliness, easy control, lower cost, ease of use, steady output, reliability, and suitability for many purposes. Common electrical lighting types discussed in the document include incandescent, fluorescent, high intensity discharge, and light emitting diode lamps. Incandescent lamps work by passing current through a tungsten filament to produce light, while fluorescent lamps use mercury and phosphors to convert ultraviolet light into visible light. Tungsten-halogen lamps improve on incandescent efficiency through the use of halogen gases.
This document provides an overview of various types of electrical lighting sources and illumination concepts. It discusses the basic terms used in illumination like luminous flux, lumen, candle power, and inverse square and Lambert's cosine laws. It then describes different electrical light sources including incandescent, fluorescent, mercury vapor, sodium vapor, neon and halogen lamps. For each light source, it explains the working principle, construction details, advantages and applications. The document serves as a useful reference for understanding various electrical lighting techniques and concepts of illumination.
The document discusses different types of lamps used for lighting, including incandescent, fluorescent, sodium, mercury vapor, and LED lamps. It provides details on their operation such as the materials used in each, efficiency in lumens per watt, typical lifetime, and whether they produce mainly incandescent or discharge light. Pros and cons are listed for incandescent and fluorescent lamps.
This document discusses high pressure sodium (HPS) lamps, which are a type of gas discharge lamp that is commonly used for street lighting and industrial applications. It provides details on the development of HPS lamps, their components, how they work by creating an electric arc through vaporized sodium metal, and their advantages over other lighting types like low pressure sodium, metal halide, mercury vapor, and LED lights. Key points covered include HPS lamps having better color rendering than LPS lamps, producing a warmer light, and having efficacies of 70-120 lumens per watt.
This document discusses energy efficient lighting options in India. It introduces schemes to promote energy efficiency and highlights the benefits of high frequency electronic ballasts, compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs), light emitting diodes (LEDs), and solar lighting systems. CFLs and LEDs use significantly less energy than incandescent bulbs and last much longer. Solar lighting is presented as a viable option for rural areas that requires no electricity. Overall, the use of efficient lighting can reduce India's energy consumption and peak demand by 30-35%.
Energy Efficient Lighting Systems ppt.pptChaudharyJi6
The document discusses India's need for energy efficient lighting to meet growing electricity demand and reduce peak loads by 17-18%. It describes the Bachat Lamp Yojana program which replaces incandescent bulbs with compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) through public-private partnerships. Best practices for lighting systems include using T5 fluorescent lamps and LEDs instead of incandescent bulbs, and using electronic ballasts instead of magnetic ballasts. Solar lighting systems provide an environmentally sustainable option for rural areas with no grid access.
The document provides an overview of luminaires (light fixtures) and discusses their classification and key considerations for evaluation. It defines luminaires and explains that they are classified based on indoor or outdoor usage. The classifications include commercial, industrial, architectural/decorative, and public/amenity luminaires. Selection criteria depends on the application and may include factors like maintenance costs, lighting quality, and public safety. Common indoor applications discussed are offices, retail, hangars/manufacturing, and cold storage. Outdoor applications include street lighting, parking, and architectural displays.
The document discusses solar photovoltaic (PV) cells and their uses. It begins by defining PV cells as solid state devices that convert sunlight directly into electrical energy with efficiencies ranging from a few percent to 30%. PV cells have no moving parts and can last 20-30 years. The document then provides examples of how PV cells are used in applications such as powering homes, signs, streetlights, remote water pumps, and refrigerators carrying vaccines in remote parts of Africa. PV cells are well-suited for powering remote applications where other power sources are impractical.
The document discusses various aspects of electrical lighting design, including:
1. The lighting design process and common design fundamentals.
2. Different types of luminaires (lighting fixtures) and how their distribution characteristics impact lighting quality and efficiency.
3. The six main lighting system types - general, localized, ambient, task, accent, and decorative - and their advantages/disadvantages.
4. Methods for visualizing and understanding light distribution from different sources.
This document defines and explains key terms related to illumination:
Illuminance is the amount of light falling on a surface, measured in lux which is equal to one lumen per square meter. Luminance is the luminous intensity emitted per unit area of a light source, measured in candela per square meter. Luminous flux, measured in lumens, is the total perceived power of light emitted by a source in all directions. Luminous intensity is the luminous flux emitted in a given direction within a unit of solid angle, measured in candelas.
The document discusses lighting systems and designs for a factory. It identifies problems with the current lighting system such as not meeting lux level recommendations and not using efficient luminary and lamp types. To address this, the author proposes redesigning the lighting system using the Dialux program to select more appropriate luminaries and lamps that satisfy lighting codes and provide efficient energy use. The document then provides definitions and classifications related to lighting design standards and components.
Electricity is converted to light energy in lamps through heating filaments or gases. Incandescent lamps contain a tungsten filament that glows when heated by electricity, producing light but generating 90% of power as heat. Fluorescent and CFL lamps use mercury vapor and phosphors to produce light from electricity more efficiently. HID lamps like metal halide, sodium, and mercury vapor lamps are very efficient sources used for outdoor and industrial lighting.
This document discusses various topics related to illumination including the nature of light sources, terms used in illumination, methods of producing light, sources of light, and the importance of illumination for energy savings. It covers the history of illumination and developments in luminous efficacy over time from early light sources like torches to modern LED lights. Key light sources discussed include incandescent, fluorescent, sodium vapor, mercury vapor, halogen, compact fluorescent, and LED lamps. The document also provides details on light basics, the visible spectrum, and definitions of common terms in illumination.
This document presents an overview of different types of lamps by Mr. Kantoli S.B. at B.M. Polytechnic in Solapur, India. It discusses the construction, working principles and applications of incandescent lamps, fluorescent tubes, halogen lamps, sodium vapor lamps, mercury vapor lamps, compact fluorescent lamps, metal halide lamps, LED lamps, and neon signs. The document includes diagrams and videos to illustrate the working of each lamp type. It provides technical details on factors like efficiency, lifespan and materials used for informational purposes.
The document discusses lamps and different types of lamps. It provides details on fluorescent lamps, including their components, construction, working, advantages, disadvantages, and applications. The key components of a fluorescent lamp are electrodes, gases like mercury vapor and argon, and phosphor coating. It emits light when mercury vapor is excited by electrons from the electrodes, causing the phosphor coating to fluoresce. Fluorescent lamps have higher efficiency and longer life than incandescent lamps.
An Overview of Photovoltaic Systems or PV Systems. This PPT outlines what a solar systems is and what it is consisted of. From solar panels to charge controller to deep cycle batteries to the inverter.
In early days, there was a little demand for electrical energy so that small power stations were built to supply lighting and heating loads. However, the widespread use of electrical energy by modern civilisation has necessitated to produce bulk electrical energy economically and efficiently.
The increased demand of electrical energy can be met by building big power stations at favourable places where fuel (coal or gas) or water energy is available in abundance.
This document provides information on LED lighting technologies. It begins by explaining what an LED is and how it works as a semiconductor that emits light when electric current passes through it. It then discusses the benefits of choosing LED lights over traditional lighting sources like incandescent and fluorescent bulbs, such as energy efficiency, long lifespan, reliability, cost effectiveness, lack of noise, better safety, and lack of heat emission. The document provides comparison charts of LEDs versus other light sources and gives examples of appropriate places to use LED lighting. It also describes several types of explosion proof LED lights that can be used in hazardous locations.
Solar PV System
Solar energy is radiant light and heat from the sun that is converted into electricity through photovoltaic panels. Photovoltaic panels use silicon to directly convert sunlight into electricity. A solar PV system may be connected to the electric grid to sell excess power back to the utility company, as measured by a net meter. Hybrid solar systems can also power a home independently of the grid by storing solar energy in batteries.
Illumination basic and lightning schemeADARSH KUMAR
The document discusses various topics related to lighting schemes and electrical lighting. It defines key terms like light, luminous flux, luminous intensity and illumination. It describes different types of lighting schemes and various electrical lamps like filament lamps, sodium vapor lamps, mercury vapor lamps, fluorescent tubes, neon lamps, and halogen lamps. Key factors to consider for an indoor light scheme include adequate illumination levels, uniform light distribution, avoiding glare and shadows, and suitable light quality.
The document discusses different types of lamps, including incandescent, fluorescent, sodium, and high pressure mercury vapor lamps. Incandescent lamps produce light through a heated filament, but are inefficient with a short lifetime. Fluorescent lamps are more efficient and have a longer lifetime than incandescent, using a phosphor coating and electrodes to excite mercury vapor. Sodium lamps use sodium gas to produce light very efficiently with a long lifetime, while high pressure mercury vapor lamps contain argon and mercury gas.
This document discusses two laws of illumination: 1) The Law of Inverse Squares, which states that the intensity of illumination from a point source decreases inversely with the square of the distance from the source. 2) Lambert's Cosine Law, which states that the illumination at a point on a surface is proportional to the cosine of the angle between the normal to the surface and the direction of the light. It also provides background on units of measurement for light intensity, illuminance, and how photometric benches can be used to measure the candlepower of lamps.
The document provides information on lighting design for commercial and residential spaces. It discusses various types of light sources including natural light, incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, high intensity discharge lamps, and LEDs. It describes lighting units such as luminaires, luminous flux, illuminance, and luminance. It also covers color temperature, color rendering index, lighting fixtures, wash lights, spot lights, and downlights. The document is a guide for lighting design and selection of appropriate light sources and fixtures for different applications.
The document discusses three main types of light sources: incandescent lamps, discharge lamps, and solid state lamps. Incandescent lamps produce light through a heated filament, discharge lamps use ionized gas to produce light, and solid state lamps like LEDs use semiconductors. It then provides details on each type of light source and how they produce and emit light differently. It also discusses key characteristics used to describe light sources like spectral power distribution, color rendering index, and correlated color temperature.
The document discusses different types of lamps used for lighting, including incandescent, fluorescent, sodium, mercury vapor, and LED lamps. It provides details on their operation such as the materials used in each, efficiency in lumens per watt, typical lifetime, and whether they produce mainly incandescent or discharge light. Pros and cons are listed for incandescent and fluorescent lamps.
This document discusses high pressure sodium (HPS) lamps, which are a type of gas discharge lamp that is commonly used for street lighting and industrial applications. It provides details on the development of HPS lamps, their components, how they work by creating an electric arc through vaporized sodium metal, and their advantages over other lighting types like low pressure sodium, metal halide, mercury vapor, and LED lights. Key points covered include HPS lamps having better color rendering than LPS lamps, producing a warmer light, and having efficacies of 70-120 lumens per watt.
This document discusses energy efficient lighting options in India. It introduces schemes to promote energy efficiency and highlights the benefits of high frequency electronic ballasts, compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs), light emitting diodes (LEDs), and solar lighting systems. CFLs and LEDs use significantly less energy than incandescent bulbs and last much longer. Solar lighting is presented as a viable option for rural areas that requires no electricity. Overall, the use of efficient lighting can reduce India's energy consumption and peak demand by 30-35%.
Energy Efficient Lighting Systems ppt.pptChaudharyJi6
The document discusses India's need for energy efficient lighting to meet growing electricity demand and reduce peak loads by 17-18%. It describes the Bachat Lamp Yojana program which replaces incandescent bulbs with compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) through public-private partnerships. Best practices for lighting systems include using T5 fluorescent lamps and LEDs instead of incandescent bulbs, and using electronic ballasts instead of magnetic ballasts. Solar lighting systems provide an environmentally sustainable option for rural areas with no grid access.
The document provides an overview of luminaires (light fixtures) and discusses their classification and key considerations for evaluation. It defines luminaires and explains that they are classified based on indoor or outdoor usage. The classifications include commercial, industrial, architectural/decorative, and public/amenity luminaires. Selection criteria depends on the application and may include factors like maintenance costs, lighting quality, and public safety. Common indoor applications discussed are offices, retail, hangars/manufacturing, and cold storage. Outdoor applications include street lighting, parking, and architectural displays.
The document discusses solar photovoltaic (PV) cells and their uses. It begins by defining PV cells as solid state devices that convert sunlight directly into electrical energy with efficiencies ranging from a few percent to 30%. PV cells have no moving parts and can last 20-30 years. The document then provides examples of how PV cells are used in applications such as powering homes, signs, streetlights, remote water pumps, and refrigerators carrying vaccines in remote parts of Africa. PV cells are well-suited for powering remote applications where other power sources are impractical.
The document discusses various aspects of electrical lighting design, including:
1. The lighting design process and common design fundamentals.
2. Different types of luminaires (lighting fixtures) and how their distribution characteristics impact lighting quality and efficiency.
3. The six main lighting system types - general, localized, ambient, task, accent, and decorative - and their advantages/disadvantages.
4. Methods for visualizing and understanding light distribution from different sources.
This document defines and explains key terms related to illumination:
Illuminance is the amount of light falling on a surface, measured in lux which is equal to one lumen per square meter. Luminance is the luminous intensity emitted per unit area of a light source, measured in candela per square meter. Luminous flux, measured in lumens, is the total perceived power of light emitted by a source in all directions. Luminous intensity is the luminous flux emitted in a given direction within a unit of solid angle, measured in candelas.
The document discusses lighting systems and designs for a factory. It identifies problems with the current lighting system such as not meeting lux level recommendations and not using efficient luminary and lamp types. To address this, the author proposes redesigning the lighting system using the Dialux program to select more appropriate luminaries and lamps that satisfy lighting codes and provide efficient energy use. The document then provides definitions and classifications related to lighting design standards and components.
Electricity is converted to light energy in lamps through heating filaments or gases. Incandescent lamps contain a tungsten filament that glows when heated by electricity, producing light but generating 90% of power as heat. Fluorescent and CFL lamps use mercury vapor and phosphors to produce light from electricity more efficiently. HID lamps like metal halide, sodium, and mercury vapor lamps are very efficient sources used for outdoor and industrial lighting.
This document discusses various topics related to illumination including the nature of light sources, terms used in illumination, methods of producing light, sources of light, and the importance of illumination for energy savings. It covers the history of illumination and developments in luminous efficacy over time from early light sources like torches to modern LED lights. Key light sources discussed include incandescent, fluorescent, sodium vapor, mercury vapor, halogen, compact fluorescent, and LED lamps. The document also provides details on light basics, the visible spectrum, and definitions of common terms in illumination.
This document presents an overview of different types of lamps by Mr. Kantoli S.B. at B.M. Polytechnic in Solapur, India. It discusses the construction, working principles and applications of incandescent lamps, fluorescent tubes, halogen lamps, sodium vapor lamps, mercury vapor lamps, compact fluorescent lamps, metal halide lamps, LED lamps, and neon signs. The document includes diagrams and videos to illustrate the working of each lamp type. It provides technical details on factors like efficiency, lifespan and materials used for informational purposes.
The document discusses lamps and different types of lamps. It provides details on fluorescent lamps, including their components, construction, working, advantages, disadvantages, and applications. The key components of a fluorescent lamp are electrodes, gases like mercury vapor and argon, and phosphor coating. It emits light when mercury vapor is excited by electrons from the electrodes, causing the phosphor coating to fluoresce. Fluorescent lamps have higher efficiency and longer life than incandescent lamps.
An Overview of Photovoltaic Systems or PV Systems. This PPT outlines what a solar systems is and what it is consisted of. From solar panels to charge controller to deep cycle batteries to the inverter.
In early days, there was a little demand for electrical energy so that small power stations were built to supply lighting and heating loads. However, the widespread use of electrical energy by modern civilisation has necessitated to produce bulk electrical energy economically and efficiently.
The increased demand of electrical energy can be met by building big power stations at favourable places where fuel (coal or gas) or water energy is available in abundance.
This document provides information on LED lighting technologies. It begins by explaining what an LED is and how it works as a semiconductor that emits light when electric current passes through it. It then discusses the benefits of choosing LED lights over traditional lighting sources like incandescent and fluorescent bulbs, such as energy efficiency, long lifespan, reliability, cost effectiveness, lack of noise, better safety, and lack of heat emission. The document provides comparison charts of LEDs versus other light sources and gives examples of appropriate places to use LED lighting. It also describes several types of explosion proof LED lights that can be used in hazardous locations.
Solar PV System
Solar energy is radiant light and heat from the sun that is converted into electricity through photovoltaic panels. Photovoltaic panels use silicon to directly convert sunlight into electricity. A solar PV system may be connected to the electric grid to sell excess power back to the utility company, as measured by a net meter. Hybrid solar systems can also power a home independently of the grid by storing solar energy in batteries.
Illumination basic and lightning schemeADARSH KUMAR
The document discusses various topics related to lighting schemes and electrical lighting. It defines key terms like light, luminous flux, luminous intensity and illumination. It describes different types of lighting schemes and various electrical lamps like filament lamps, sodium vapor lamps, mercury vapor lamps, fluorescent tubes, neon lamps, and halogen lamps. Key factors to consider for an indoor light scheme include adequate illumination levels, uniform light distribution, avoiding glare and shadows, and suitable light quality.
The document discusses different types of lamps, including incandescent, fluorescent, sodium, and high pressure mercury vapor lamps. Incandescent lamps produce light through a heated filament, but are inefficient with a short lifetime. Fluorescent lamps are more efficient and have a longer lifetime than incandescent, using a phosphor coating and electrodes to excite mercury vapor. Sodium lamps use sodium gas to produce light very efficiently with a long lifetime, while high pressure mercury vapor lamps contain argon and mercury gas.
This document discusses two laws of illumination: 1) The Law of Inverse Squares, which states that the intensity of illumination from a point source decreases inversely with the square of the distance from the source. 2) Lambert's Cosine Law, which states that the illumination at a point on a surface is proportional to the cosine of the angle between the normal to the surface and the direction of the light. It also provides background on units of measurement for light intensity, illuminance, and how photometric benches can be used to measure the candlepower of lamps.
The document provides information on lighting design for commercial and residential spaces. It discusses various types of light sources including natural light, incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, high intensity discharge lamps, and LEDs. It describes lighting units such as luminaires, luminous flux, illuminance, and luminance. It also covers color temperature, color rendering index, lighting fixtures, wash lights, spot lights, and downlights. The document is a guide for lighting design and selection of appropriate light sources and fixtures for different applications.
The document discusses three main types of light sources: incandescent lamps, discharge lamps, and solid state lamps. Incandescent lamps produce light through a heated filament, discharge lamps use ionized gas to produce light, and solid state lamps like LEDs use semiconductors. It then provides details on each type of light source and how they produce and emit light differently. It also discusses key characteristics used to describe light sources like spectral power distribution, color rendering index, and correlated color temperature.
The document discusses three main types of light sources: incandescent lamps, discharge lamps, and solid state lamps. Incandescent lamps produce light via a heated filament, discharge lamps use ionized gas, and solid state lamps use LEDs. It then provides details on each type of lamp, including their composition, efficiency, lifespan, and common uses. The document also defines key terms for characterizing light sources: spectral power distribution, color rendering index, and correlated color temperature.
Light is part of the electromagnetic spectrum perceived by human eyes. It is best to provide uniform illumination using both natural and artificial lighting. Lighting quality and quantity should be considered to minimize glare and ensure uniform illuminance over workspaces. A variety of light sources have different characteristics that make some more suitable than others depending on the application.
- Lighting basics include light output measured in lumens, light level measured in lux, brightness measured in luminance, luminous flux measured in lumens, luminous intensity measured in candela, and exitance.
- Color temperature is used to describe the color of light sources, ranging from warm/orange light at low temperatures to cooler/whiter light at higher temperatures.
- Common light sources include incandescent, fluorescent, compact fluorescent, high intensity discharge such as mercury vapor and sodium vapor lamps, and light emitting diodes. Each has advantages like efficacy, color qualities, lifespan, and compatibility with dimming.
This document discusses different types of electrical lamps, including incandescent, fluorescent, mercury vapor, sodium vapor, compact fluorescent, LED, and halogen lamps. It provides details on the construction, working principles, advantages, and applications of each lamp type. The document is intended to educate readers about the elements and members of electrical engineering related to various lighting technologies.
Basic terms of understanding LED lighting from BROS International Co., Limited | led@BROSled.com | WhatsApp: +86-13316160087 | Skype:BROSledLighting
BROS Vision: Future-oriented LED light | Light up your future.
BROS Mission: Be with you.
BROS Value: Make perfection more perfect collaborative innovation.
The document discusses different types of lamps, including incandescent, halogen, fluorescent, compact fluorescent, LED, neon, high intensity discharge, and sodium vapor lamps. Incandescent lamps produce light through a heated filament, while halogen lamps have a halogen gas mixture that increases filament life. Fluorescent lamps use mercury vapor and phosphors to produce light, and compact fluorescents are smaller versions that fit in standard sockets. LEDs are semiconductor devices that emit light when electricity is applied. Neon lamps use neon gas at low temperatures to produce distinctive red light. High intensity discharge lamps contain gases and metals to produce bright light from an electric arc. Sodium vapor lamps specifically use sodium gas to produce light near
This document discusses lighting definitions, types of lamps, and lighting design principles. It begins by defining key lighting terms like luminous flux, illuminance, luminous intensity, and color temperature. It then describes various lamp types including incandescent, fluorescent, high intensity discharge lamps, and LEDs. Their characteristics like efficacy, color rendering, and lifetime are compared. The document also covers lighting design considerations like recommended light levels for different tasks and the laws of illumination. Overall it provides a comprehensive overview of lighting fundamentals and design concepts.
The document discusses various types of artificial lighting technologies, including different lamp types and luminaires. It provides details on the development of incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, tungsten halogen lamps, metal halide lamps, mercury vapor lamps, high and low pressure sodium lamps, and LED lamps. It also discusses luminaires such as downlights, pendants, recessed luminaires, and exterior luminaires. Examples are given of how different lighting technologies were used in architectural case studies.
Lighting jargon de mystified - bluff your way in lighting with this simple gu...Christine Gupta
The document provides definitions for various lighting terms and jargon. It explains terms like ballast, Breeam rating, candela, CFL, efficacy, fluorescent lights, halogen light, HID, incandescent, induction lighting, IP rating, kelvin, LED, lumen, and metal halide. Each term is concisely defined in a sentence or two to give the reader a high-level understanding of common lighting industry terminology.
This document discusses different light sources including natural sunlight and various artificial light sources such as incandescent, fluorescent, and discharge lamps. Incandescent lamps emit light due to the filament heating up, while discharge lamps emit light from an electric current passing through gas. Incandescent lamps are very inefficient as most of the energy is wasted as heat rather than visible light. Fluorescent lamps contain mercury vapor and phosphors that convert UV light to visible light, providing high efficacy. Other discharge lamps discussed include high and low pressure sodium, metal halide, and halogen incandescent lamps.
This document discusses different light sources including natural sunlight and various artificial light sources such as incandescent, fluorescent, discharge, and halogen lamps. It provides details on the operation and characteristics of these various lamp types. Incandescent lamps emit light due to the filament heating to a high temperature, while discharge lamps emit light from an electric current passing through gas. Fluorescent lamps contain mercury vapor and produce light through fluorescence of phosphor coatings.
Jamel gantt depth knowledge of lightingJamel Gantt
Jamel Gantt uses high-end devices and is well-versed in HDR digital photography. The HDR photos exceptionally take your listed residence in the most amazing lighting. This is the nearest your customer can come to individually experiencing the beauty of the property you’re trying to sell. His goal is to showcase your listed properties in a way that really converse to the customers. We accomplish this goal for all our customers.
This document provides an overview of assessing and improving the energy efficiency of lighting systems in commercial buildings. It begins with introductions to lighting terminology and common lighting system types such as fluorescent, LED, and high-intensity discharge lamps. The document then discusses evaluating existing lighting installations, including examining the types of lighting systems, fixtures, and reflectors currently used. It concludes by outlining opportunities for improving energy efficiency through upgrades to more efficient lighting equipment or improved lighting design.
This document discusses various types of lighting fixtures and lamps. It describes luminaires like recessed lights, pendants, wall sconces, and track lighting. It also covers different types of lamps including incandescent, CFL, halogen, LED, and fluorescent. Finally, it provides examples of specific lighting fixtures, their typical applications, and cost ranges.
Electric current heats an incandescent bulb's tungsten filament until it glows and a 100 watt bulb produces 1600 lumens. Halogen lamps use halogen gas to prevent filament wear, allowing brighter glow, while compact halogen lamps are more efficient than standard halogen. Fluorescent lamps use mercury vapor and phosphor coating to produce visible light from ultraviolet excitation. Compact fluorescent lamps and mercury vapor lamps operate on similar principles to produce light. High intensity discharge lamps contain gas and metal salts within a fused quartz tube, powering lamps like metal halide and high pressure sodium types. LED bulbs contain small semi-conductor units that emit light when voltage is applied and are the most efficient
This document provides information on lighting design for commercial and residential spaces. It discusses key lighting principles and terms such as foot candles, lux, color temperature, and color rendering index. It also describes different light sources like incandescent lamps, types of lighting fixtures and luminaires, and how to classify luminaires. Recommended light levels for various activities are provided.
This document discusses various types of lighting sources including their working principles, advantages, disadvantages and comparison. It covers incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, mercury vapor lamps, CFLs, LEDs and OLEDs. It also discusses illumination requirements, types of electric lamps, energy management and its principles. The key aspects covered are the construction, working and properties of different artificial light sources as well as factors affecting illumination levels.
This document provides an overview of fundamentals of energy efficient lighting. It discusses building lighting energy and codes, different lighting types and their life cycle costs, efficiency considerations, and the appropriate amount of light for different needs. It also covers lighting terminology, electromagnetic spectrums, color temperature, color rendering index, rated lamp life, lighting sources, ballasts, reflectors, high intensity discharge lamps like mercury vapor, metal halide, high pressure sodium, and low pressure sodium.
Result of Baseline Study of Selected Sector Industries to assess the Potentia...eecfncci
Nepalese industries offer a huge potential to cut production cost by using energy more efficiently. It is estimated that around 15% of electrical and 30% of thermal energy could be saved in eight energy intensive industrial sector. This presentation contains the result of a study conducted by German Development Cooperation (GIZ) among 200 Nepalese industries in 2012.
OVERVIEW OF COGENERATION OPPORTUNITIES IN NEPALESE SUGAR SECTOR eecfncci
This document provides an overview of cogeneration opportunities in the Nepalese sugar sector. It discusses how cogeneration works by using fuel to generate both steam for industrial processes and electricity. The sugar sector in Nepal is described, including annual sugarcane production and bagasse production. Current practices and configurations in sugar plants are outlined. The document proposes upgrading to higher pressure boilers and turbines to increase power generation potential. Estimates suggest upgrading several plants could generate over 50 MW of surplus power for the grid. Interventions to realize this cogeneration potential are recommended, such as feasibility studies, assessing utility benefits, and developing incentive programs.
Electricity Demand Side Management (DSM) and End-use Efficiencyeecfncci
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Energy Efficiency in Diesel Generator Operationeecfncci
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This presentation explains how to improve energy efficiency of industrial furnaces. It was prepared for energy auditor training in Nepal in the context of GIZ/NEEP programme. For further information go to EEC webpage: http://www.eec-fncci.org
Electricity Demand Side Management and End-use efficiencyeecfncci
This presentation give an overview about demand side management and end-use efficiency for electricity supply systems. It was prepared for energy auditor training in Nepal in the context of GIZ/NEEP programme. For further information go to EEC webpage: http://eec-fncci.org/
EEC Factsheet: Energy Efficiency for Cold Storage in Nepaleecfncci
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EEC Factsheet: Energy Efficiency for Brick Industries in Nepaleecfncci
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Energy efficiency in Refrigeration Systemseecfncci
HVAC and refrigeration systems consume a lot of electricity in Nepalese Industries. Therefore, improving the efficiency of these systems can lead to huge cost savings. This presentation was held in the context of energy auditor training in Nepal in 2012 that was supported GIZ/NEEP Programme.
Improving Energy Efficiency of Pumps and Fanseecfncci
Pumps and Fans are energy consuming equipment that can be found in almost all Industries. Therefore, it is important to check if they are running efficiently. This presentation give an overview about energy saving opportunities in pump and fan equipment. It was prepared in the context of energy auditor training in Nepal in the context of GIZ/NEEP programme. For further information go to EEC webpage: http://eec-fncci.org/
The document discusses energy efficiency in Nepalese industries. It notes that industries face challenges of unreliable electricity, expensive fuel, and aged technology. The Energy Efficiency Center (EEC) was established under the Nepalese Energy Efficiency Programme to provide energy auditing and technical services to industries. To date, the EEC has conducted audits of 22 industries and identified potential electrical savings of 15-25% and thermal savings of 20-30%. The long-term strategy is to continue providing these services and building capacity to promote sustainable energy efficiency.
Energy Audit in the Dairy Industry - Sitaram Gokul Dairy Nepaleecfncci
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This Dairy Toolkit from Danfoss shown energy saving technologies and its application in dairy industries. It was used in the context of energy auditor training in Nepal in 2012 that was supported GIZ NEEP Programme.
Indian experiences on Energye Efficiency in Steel Rolling Millseecfncci
Since the establishement of Bureau of Energy Efficiency in 2001 India has been implementing a lot of activities in energy-intensive sector. In Steel Rolling Mills with low-end and high-end technolgies considerable energy and cost sanvings can be achieved. The presentation was prepared in the Context of GIZ NEEP programm in Nepal in 2012.
Energy Efficiency in Steel Rolling Mills of Nepaleecfncci
This document provides an overview of energy efficiency opportunities in the steel rolling sector in Nepal. It discusses the current state of 14 rolling mill units in Nepal, including their electricity and fuel costs which account for around 3.24% of total costs. Potential areas for energy savings are identified, such as waste heat recovery systems, improving furnace designs and insulation, installing variable frequency drives, and replacing motors. The document presents two case studies of mills that implemented energy efficiency measures, such as minimizing gate opening times to reduce fuel consumption and installing an air pre-heater to capture waste heat, resulting in annual fuel savings of over Rs. 760,000 with a payback period of just 0.6 years. Motor replacement projects also achieved
Energy Saving Potentials in Pulp & Paper Sector in Nepaleecfncci
This presentation provides detailed information about energy saving opportunties in Pulp and Paper industries in Nepal. The current status of this sectors is shown and major energy saving opportunties are explained. The findings are based on a GIZ baseline study conducted in 200 industries in 2012.
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• Manage Sources and Dataset
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• Model Training
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Dynamic. Modular. Productive.
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Interoperability at its Core
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Multi-Runtime
From the tiny 2m operating system binary to running on our pure Java web server, CommandBox, Jakarta EE, AWS Lambda, Microsoft Functions, Web Assembly, Android and more. BoxLang has been designed to enhance and adapt according to it's runnable runtime.
The Fusion of Modernity and Tradition
Experience the fusion of modern features inspired by CFML, Node, Ruby, Kotlin, Java, and Clojure, combined with the familiarity of Java bytecode compilation, making BoxLang a language of choice for forward-thinking developers.
Empowering Transition with Transpiler Support
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Test Management as Chapter 5 of ISTQB Foundation. Topics covered are Test Organization, Test Planning and Estimation, Test Monitoring and Control, Test Execution Schedule, Test Strategy, Risk Management, Defect Management
2. Incandescent Lamps
• Incandescent lamps :
Light is produced by passing electric current through a thin fire
filament usually tungsten. Also known as GLS (General Lighting
Service).
• Reflector lamps :
Basically incandescent, with a high quality internal mirror, which
follows same parabolic shape of the lamp. Reflector is resistant to
corrosion, thus making the lamp maintenance free and efficient in
output.
• Halogen lamps:
Also called as tungsten-halogen lamp. Halogen lamps are high pressure
incandescent lamps containing halogen gases such as iodine or bromine
which allow the filaments to be operated at higher temperatures and
higher efficacies. At high-temperatures, chemical reaction involving
tungsten and the halogen gas recycles evaporated particles of tungsten
back onto the filament surface
3. • High-Intensity Discharge (HID) Lamp
A general term for mercury, metal halide and high-
pressure sodium lamps.
HID lamps contain compact arc tubes which enclose
various gases and metal salts operating at relatively
high pressures and temperatures.
Gas Discharge lamps
4. Gas Discharge lamps
Fluorescent Lamps (FTL)
Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL)
Mercury Vapor Lamps
Sodium Vapor Lamps
Metal Halide Lamps
Light is produced by excitation of gas
contained in either a tubular or elliptical outer
bulb
5. Fluorescent Lamps- A high efficiency lamp utilizing an electric
discharge through low pressure mercury vapor to produce
ultraviolet (UV) energy. The UV excites phosphor materials
applied as a thin layer on the inside of a glass tube which makes up
the structure of the lamp. The phosphors transform the UV to
visible light
High pressure sodium (HPS) - A high-intensity discharge lamp
type that uses sodium under high pressure as the primary light-
producing element.
Mercury vapor (MV) - A high-intensity discharge lamp type that
uses mercury and several halide additives as light-producing
elements.
Metal halide (MH) - A high-intensity discharge lamp type that
uses mercury and several halide additives as light-producing
elements.
Gas Discharge lamps
6. Luminaires
A complete lighting unit consisting of lamps and
the parts designed to distribute the light, to
position and protect the lamps, and to connect the
lamps to the power supply
Silvered glass, stainless steel, chromium plate
and vitreous enamel
7. Gear
• Ballast
– A device required by discharge lamps such as
fluorescent lamps to regulate voltage and current
supplied to the lamp during start and throughout
operation
– Energy loss is typically 10-20 % of total energy in
conventional ballast’s
• Igniters
– Used for starting high intensity Metal Halide and
Sodium vapour lamps
8. Illuminance
• Lumen (or Luminous flux) is a
measure of the total light output of
the lamp. A lamp's lumen output
rating expresses the total amount of
light the lamp emits in all
directions per unit time. Light
sources are labeled with an output
rating in lumens.
• Density of luminous flux incident
upon a surface. Illuminance is
measured in lux (lumens/square
meter).
• Lux (lx) is illuminance produced
by a luminous flux of one lumens
uniformly distributed over a
surface area of one square metre
Sunrise & Sunset : 500 lux,
Summer midday : 100000 lux
Winter midday : 10,000 lux,
Full Moon : 0.25 lux
9.
Lighting Terms
Circuit Watts is the total power in Watts drawn by lamps and ballast in
a lighting circuit
Luminous Efficacy is the ratio of light output to Watt input. Unit:
lumens per watt (lm/W)
Lamp Circuit Efficacy is amount of light (lumens) emitted by a lamp
for each watt of power consumed by the lamp circuit, i.e. including
control gear losses. This is a more meaningful measure for those lamps
that require control gear. Unit: lumens per circuit watt (lm/W)
10. Other Lighting Terms
Average maintained illuminance is average of lux levels
measured at various points in a defined area.
Color rendering index (CRI) is a measure of the degree
of color shift that objects undergo when illuminated by the
light source as compared with those same objects when
illuminated by a reference source of comparable correlated
color temperature.
In general, a lower CRI indicates that some colors may
appear unnatural when illuminated by a lamp.
Color rendering is measured on an index from 0-100, with
natural daylight equal to 100.
11. Energy savings options in
lighting System
• Make maximum use of natural light (North roof/translucent
sheets/more windows and openings)
• Switch off when not required
• Modify lighting layout to meet the needs
• Select light colors for interiors
• Provide lighting controls- timer switches / PV
controls/automation
• Provide lighting Transformer to operate at reduced voltage
• Install energy efficient lamps, luminaires and controls
• Clean North roof glass, translucent sheet and luminaries
regularly
• Adopt Task lighting