The document discusses three models for fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) network rollouts in Europe:
1) Singapore's model features a single passive network built with public support and subsidies, with wholesale competition and retail service competition.
2) South Korea's model involves four parallel networks with infrastructure-based competition, pragmatic technology choices, and longstanding public backing that has achieved near-universal ultra-fast broadband coverage.
3) France's model uses local loop unbundling and public network rollouts to complement private operators' networks, achieving 100% broadband coverage through a combination of competition and public involvement.
ION Sao Paulo - Cristiano Chevitarese: Government: A Pivotal Player in IPv6 A...
The Brazilian government recognizes the importance of adopting IPv6 and is taking several steps to promote its implementation. It is studying how to deploy IPv6 within government networks and services. The Ministry of Telecommunications is working with other agencies through a partnership to establish policies for IPv6 adoption, and many government sectors are involved. Anatel is also examining how to require IPv6 compatibility for certification of new equipment, including customer premises equipment.
Mobile transport networks must evolve to support the new capabilities and requirements of 5G networks, including speeds of 10Gbps and beyond, low latency, and support for new applications. 5G will introduce new radio access network architectures and functional splits that distribute baseband processing, placing new demands on fronthaul transport between radio heads and centralized baseband units. Emerging solutions include packetized fronthaul interfaces like eCPRI that reduce bandwidth needs compared to traditional CPRI, as well as time-sensitive networking approaches to meet low latency requirements. Mobile transport networks must also concurrently support both 4G and 5G networks during the transition to 5G, posing integration challenges over the coming years.
CONNECTING THAILAND'S DIGITAL ECONOMY | Unused Spectrum Capacity, MVNOs and D...
This paper, highlights the vast unused telecom network capacity set aside for Mobile Virtual Network Operators #MVNO in Thailand, due to reluctance from the mobile network operators, AIS, Dtac and True, to accept these on their networks.
The introduction of MVNOs in Thailand six years ago has not succeeded in laying the foundation to ensure innovation, the achievement of the broader industry and national economic objectives. The MVNOs has been tethered with the legacy infrastructure and thinking behind the conventional mobile operator services.
However, there are lessons to be learned, and first lesson is - a new approach is needed.
Therefore, we suggest a few additions to the National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission’s (NBTC) notification regarding network capacity and obligations for Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNO) in Thailand.
We also propose a one-stop shop, who acts as an enabler for the digital economy, MVNO / M2M / IoT service providers, e.g. matching the demand, with the supply of unused MVNO capacity from the telecom operators, and thereby creating a win/win for all stakeholders in the ecosystem.
¹ MVNO Definition: http://www.yozzo.com/mvno-wiki/mvno-definition
² The History of MVNO | http://www.yozzo.com/mvno-wiki/the-history-of-mvno | August 2016 | Yozzo.com
³ Why MVNOs in Thailand have failed: http://www.yozzo.com/news-and-information/mvno-mobile-operator-s/why-mvnos-in-thailand-have-failed
Session 5 Gabrielle Gauthey Communications Regulation Time To Start Over
The document discusses several topics related to multimedia content delivery and broadband networks, including:
1) Traditional broadcasters are facing competition from telecom companies in delivering multimedia content via IPTV and mobile networks.
2) Regulatory approaches to broadband differ between the EU and US. The EU takes a more regulated approach while the US market is less regulated.
3) Significant investments estimated at 250-300 billion euros will be needed to deploy next generation access (NGA) broadband networks in Europe. Public-private partnerships are seen as important to help achieve broadband goals.
Gsma mobile backhaul an overview - future networks
This document provides an overview of mobile backhaul, which refers to the transport network connecting mobile network core and radio access networks. It discusses key challenges for mobile backhaul including evolving LTE and 5G technologies, subscriber and data traffic growth, stringent latency requirements, and network densification. The document also outlines different technology choices for mobile backhaul, including copper lines, fiber optics, microwave radios, and satellite. Copper lines were commonly used for earlier generation networks but do not scale well to support increasing bandwidth demands, while fiber, microwave, and satellite are better suited for current and future needs.
SG European Cable Sector initiation (Alejandro Nunez 201104)
This report provides a positive outlook on the European cable sector. It cites several favorable trends supporting cable operators' positive operational and financial outlook, including rising internet usage and demand for high bandwidth applications. Cable networks have technological advantages over copper networks that allow them to offer higher internet speeds. This helps cable operators attract customers with bundled services. The report expects cash flow growth for cable operators as capex declines and operating leverage increases profits. However, it also notes potential risks from shareholder actions like releveraging or M&A activity.
Johnny Dixon - BT - spectrum aspects of the draft EECC - techUK 161125
BT has concerns about several provisions in the EECC regarding spectrum management. Specifically: 1) spectrum legislation should set clear principles rather than detailed regulations; 2) provisions on withdrawing rights and enforcing efficient use could conflict with existing UK licenses and drive wrong behaviors; 3) excessive ongoing fees could inhibit network investments; 4) licensing rules should not be mixed with network sharing or access provisions; and 5) mandating third-party Wi-Fi access would risk investments and intrude on contracts.
While most analysts call for speeds of 100 Mbps to enable multiple streams of HDTV, Wayne says that's shortsighted. This 2006 presentation helps justify fiber-to-the-home and gigabit speeds with examples of applications that need that performance.
UPDATE 8 version 2.4 Final (December, 2015)
Winners of 1800MHz and 900 MHz bidding
Thailand’s National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission (NBTC) has finally been able to set a timetable for the country's 4G spectrum auctions, after the cabinet gave the green light to proceed with the auctions plans.
The NBTC expects to issue 4G licenses for the 1800 MHz spectrum and the 900 MHz spectrum.
UPDATE 7 version 2.2 (October, 2015)
MobileLTE may join the 900 MHz bidding
UPDATE 6 version 2.1 (September 22, 2015)
900 MHz auction timeline and minimum bidding price
UPDATE 5 Version 1.6 (June 24, 2015)
The telecom committee of NBTC approved adding a maximum spectrum cap of 60 MHz for each operator in Thailand on June 23, 2015. The cap applies to telecom frequencies including those either under concessions or the license system and covers frequencies ranging from 470 MHz - 2600 MHz
UPDATE 4 Version 1.5 (May 15 2015)
Agreement reached between CAT TELECOM and DTAC whereas 5 MHz unused bandwidth from DTAC could be added to the auction giving it a total of 30 MHz divided into two slots of 15 MHz. However the regulator has rejected that proposal.
UPDATE 3 Version 1.4 (24 April, 2015)
Most common frequencies used worldwide for 4G/LTE
International spectrum usage
LTE FDD and LTE TDD device support
Smartphone support example
UPDATE 2: April 22, 2015. Version 1.3: MCOT has agreed to return its unused 60 MHz of bandwidth out of 144 MHz on the 2600 MHz spectrum. The state-run broadcaster will receive THB 100 million in compensation.
UPDATED April 16, 2015 Version 1.2
This document discusses the convergence of wired and wireless services delivery in access and home networks. It proposes using radio-over-fiber (RoF) to deliver mobile communication signals over optical access networks, as RoF can be implemented as an overlay without impacting existing bandwidth. For home networks, it suggests using femtocells which are mini base stations connected to broadband access to provide indoor wireless coverage.
This document summarizes a study on the socioeconomic impacts of 5G in Europe. It discusses how 5G could maximize benefits by 2025 through improved verticals like automotive, healthcare, transport and utilities. It estimates 5G deployment costs at €56 billion and analyzes spectrum requirements, finding that spectrum sharing could help meet needs but quantities above 6 GHz like 24 GHz may be needed. It also covers policy, regulatory, and economic considerations around 5G spectrum identification, timing of releases, and business models.
DWS16 - Future networks forum - Gabrielle Gauthey, Groupe Caisse des dépotsIDATE DigiWorld
The document discusses various government initiatives to promote gigabit broadband access around the world. It notes that the gigabit race is more prevalent in countries where local and national authorities are directly involved, with the objective of ensuring powerful infrastructure coverage. Private sector players offering 1 Gbps plans do so to enhance their image as innovators. Gigabit access is available in certain areas of countries like New Zealand, Canada, USA, parts of Europe and Asia, while broader populations in Latin America and the Middle East only have basic broadband access.
Paper on the future of spectrum pricing in the context of new spectrum assignments for 4G and 5G presented at the 3rd Annual Spectrum Management Conference in Bangkok
Mr Montagne IDATE FTTH Global Perspective DigiWorld Summit 2011IDATE DigiWorld
This document provides an overview of fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) markets globally and in specific regions. It finds that Asia leads the world with 73% of FTTH subscribers as of June 2011. Europe is also progressing, led by countries in Eastern Europe. The United States has seen a slowdown from telecom providers but growth from local authorities due to stimulus broadband programs. Top Asian telecom providers dominate the rankings of leading FTTH providers worldwide. The document examines FTTH deployment in more detail for the US and Europe, finding that cable companies provide strong competition in the US while Europe has over 300 FTTH projects across 39 countries.
The Brazilian government recognizes the importance of adopting IPv6 and is taking several steps to promote its implementation. It is studying how to deploy IPv6 within government networks and services. The Ministry of Telecommunications is working with other agencies through a partnership to establish policies for IPv6 adoption, and many government sectors are involved. Anatel is also examining how to require IPv6 compatibility for certification of new equipment, including customer premises equipment.
Mobile transport networks must evolve to support the new capabilities and requirements of 5G networks, including speeds of 10Gbps and beyond, low latency, and support for new applications. 5G will introduce new radio access network architectures and functional splits that distribute baseband processing, placing new demands on fronthaul transport between radio heads and centralized baseband units. Emerging solutions include packetized fronthaul interfaces like eCPRI that reduce bandwidth needs compared to traditional CPRI, as well as time-sensitive networking approaches to meet low latency requirements. Mobile transport networks must also concurrently support both 4G and 5G networks during the transition to 5G, posing integration challenges over the coming years.
CONNECTING THAILAND'S DIGITAL ECONOMY | Unused Spectrum Capacity, MVNOs and D...YOZZO
This paper, highlights the vast unused telecom network capacity set aside for Mobile Virtual Network Operators #MVNO in Thailand, due to reluctance from the mobile network operators, AIS, Dtac and True, to accept these on their networks.
The introduction of MVNOs in Thailand six years ago has not succeeded in laying the foundation to ensure innovation, the achievement of the broader industry and national economic objectives. The MVNOs has been tethered with the legacy infrastructure and thinking behind the conventional mobile operator services.
However, there are lessons to be learned, and first lesson is - a new approach is needed.
Therefore, we suggest a few additions to the National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission’s (NBTC) notification regarding network capacity and obligations for Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNO) in Thailand.
We also propose a one-stop shop, who acts as an enabler for the digital economy, MVNO / M2M / IoT service providers, e.g. matching the demand, with the supply of unused MVNO capacity from the telecom operators, and thereby creating a win/win for all stakeholders in the ecosystem.
¹ MVNO Definition: http://www.yozzo.com/mvno-wiki/mvno-definition
² The History of MVNO | http://www.yozzo.com/mvno-wiki/the-history-of-mvno | August 2016 | Yozzo.com
³ Why MVNOs in Thailand have failed: http://www.yozzo.com/news-and-information/mvno-mobile-operator-s/why-mvnos-in-thailand-have-failed
Session 5 Gabrielle Gauthey Communications Regulation Time To Start Overguest6559451
The document discusses several topics related to multimedia content delivery and broadband networks, including:
1) Traditional broadcasters are facing competition from telecom companies in delivering multimedia content via IPTV and mobile networks.
2) Regulatory approaches to broadband differ between the EU and US. The EU takes a more regulated approach while the US market is less regulated.
3) Significant investments estimated at 250-300 billion euros will be needed to deploy next generation access (NGA) broadband networks in Europe. Public-private partnerships are seen as important to help achieve broadband goals.
Gsma mobile backhaul an overview - future networksamilak123
This document provides an overview of mobile backhaul, which refers to the transport network connecting mobile network core and radio access networks. It discusses key challenges for mobile backhaul including evolving LTE and 5G technologies, subscriber and data traffic growth, stringent latency requirements, and network densification. The document also outlines different technology choices for mobile backhaul, including copper lines, fiber optics, microwave radios, and satellite. Copper lines were commonly used for earlier generation networks but do not scale well to support increasing bandwidth demands, while fiber, microwave, and satellite are better suited for current and future needs.
SG European Cable Sector initiation (Alejandro Nunez 201104)Maragat0
This report provides a positive outlook on the European cable sector. It cites several favorable trends supporting cable operators' positive operational and financial outlook, including rising internet usage and demand for high bandwidth applications. Cable networks have technological advantages over copper networks that allow them to offer higher internet speeds. This helps cable operators attract customers with bundled services. The report expects cash flow growth for cable operators as capex declines and operating leverage increases profits. However, it also notes potential risks from shareholder actions like releveraging or M&A activity.
Johnny Dixon - BT - spectrum aspects of the draft EECC - techUK 161125techUK
BT has concerns about several provisions in the EECC regarding spectrum management. Specifically: 1) spectrum legislation should set clear principles rather than detailed regulations; 2) provisions on withdrawing rights and enforcing efficient use could conflict with existing UK licenses and drive wrong behaviors; 3) excessive ongoing fees could inhibit network investments; 4) licensing rules should not be mixed with network sharing or access provisions; and 5) mandating third-party Wi-Fi access would risk investments and intrude on contracts.
While most analysts call for speeds of 100 Mbps to enable multiple streams of HDTV, Wayne says that's shortsighted. This 2006 presentation helps justify fiber-to-the-home and gigabit speeds with examples of applications that need that performance.
UPDATE 8 version 2.4 Final (December, 2015)
Winners of 1800MHz and 900 MHz bidding
Thailand’s National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission (NBTC) has finally been able to set a timetable for the country's 4G spectrum auctions, after the cabinet gave the green light to proceed with the auctions plans.
The NBTC expects to issue 4G licenses for the 1800 MHz spectrum and the 900 MHz spectrum.
UPDATE 7 version 2.2 (October, 2015)
MobileLTE may join the 900 MHz bidding
UPDATE 6 version 2.1 (September 22, 2015)
900 MHz auction timeline and minimum bidding price
UPDATE 5 Version 1.6 (June 24, 2015)
The telecom committee of NBTC approved adding a maximum spectrum cap of 60 MHz for each operator in Thailand on June 23, 2015. The cap applies to telecom frequencies including those either under concessions or the license system and covers frequencies ranging from 470 MHz - 2600 MHz
UPDATE 4 Version 1.5 (May 15 2015)
Agreement reached between CAT TELECOM and DTAC whereas 5 MHz unused bandwidth from DTAC could be added to the auction giving it a total of 30 MHz divided into two slots of 15 MHz. However the regulator has rejected that proposal.
UPDATE 3 Version 1.4 (24 April, 2015)
Most common frequencies used worldwide for 4G/LTE
International spectrum usage
LTE FDD and LTE TDD device support
Smartphone support example
UPDATE 2: April 22, 2015. Version 1.3: MCOT has agreed to return its unused 60 MHz of bandwidth out of 144 MHz on the 2600 MHz spectrum. The state-run broadcaster will receive THB 100 million in compensation.
UPDATED April 16, 2015 Version 1.2
This document discusses the convergence of wired and wireless services delivery in access and home networks. It proposes using radio-over-fiber (RoF) to deliver mobile communication signals over optical access networks, as RoF can be implemented as an overlay without impacting existing bandwidth. For home networks, it suggests using femtocells which are mini base stations connected to broadband access to provide indoor wireless coverage.
This document summarizes a study on the socioeconomic impacts of 5G in Europe. It discusses how 5G could maximize benefits by 2025 through improved verticals like automotive, healthcare, transport and utilities. It estimates 5G deployment costs at €56 billion and analyzes spectrum requirements, finding that spectrum sharing could help meet needs but quantities above 6 GHz like 24 GHz may be needed. It also covers policy, regulatory, and economic considerations around 5G spectrum identification, timing of releases, and business models.
India Telecom 2010 Report titled Broadband for AllSohag Sarkar
1) The document discusses the economic and social benefits of broadband access, noting that broadband availability at affordable prices contributes to higher GDP growth, a larger qualified workforce, and a more efficient labor pool.
2) It also discusses India's goal of "Broadband for All" and the key challenges in achieving higher broadband adoption rates in India, such as inadequate wireline infrastructure, the need for local loop unbundling to increase competition, and poor quality of service due to high contention ratios.
3) Addressing these challenges will require a coordinated push across technologies, operators, and the broadband value chain, as well as support for efficient broadband infrastructure deployment through streamlined right of way procedures and charges.
The document summarizes Richard Williams' presentation on the EU Commission's decision on state aid for the Birmingham Digital Districts programme. The presentation covered the scope, aims and objectives of the Digital Districts programme; the state aid process; the basis for the EU Commission's decision approving state aid; and new draft EU state aid guidelines. The Commission concluded that the programme addressed market failures, its design would limit distortion of competition, and its overall balance was positive.
The document discusses network sharing and other means for mobile operators to improve efficiencies and address profitability challenges. It summarizes that mobile operators have seen costs per customer increase by 8x while average revenue per user has remained constant or declined. Network sharing is presented as a way to optimize infrastructure spending and maximize coverage while maintaining competitive differentiation between operators. The document provides examples of network sharing agreements in countries like Poland and the UK. It also explores alternative business models like an "LTE network factory" to establish a more capital efficient startup.
The document discusses allocating part of the digital dividend spectrum in Belgium to mobile broadband. It notes that international agreements have designated spectrum between 790-862 MHz for mobile use by 2015. Mobile operators request this spectrum as mobile data usage is growing and new high-speed services are emerging. This ultra-high frequency spectrum has good propagation characteristics and would allow efficient coverage of both urban and rural areas. Allocating some of the digital dividend to mobile broadband could generate substantial economic and social benefits without negatively impacting broadcasting services.
Copenhagen 2010 ITS "Community owned fibre optic networks in Croatia"Igor Brusic
This document discusses the feasibility of a community-owned fiber optic network in rural areas of Croatia. It analyzes business models, presents the results of a cost-benefit analysis for a network in the town of Krk, and outlines next steps. The analysis found that privately-owned networks are not attractive, but a publicly-owned network could be viable with public-private partnerships and an optimized business case. Establishing a fiber network could provide long-term broadband access and economic benefits to the rural community.
How can we spread technology throughout the continent? by François Barrault (...IDATE DigiWorld
This document discusses how technology can be spread throughout Africa and issues around telecommunications in Africa. It notes that Africa represents 3% of global GDP but 4% of global telecom revenue. Fixed line density is only 3.6 lines per 100 people compared to 34 in Europe. Broadband density is 0.8 connections per 100 people versus 23 in Europe. Mobile density is around 60 connections per 100 people with over 100% penetration in some countries. The telecom market in Africa has grown over 45% annually over the past decade, much faster than the global average of 58%. Mobile services account for 82% of telecom revenue in Africa compared to 52-53% in Europe and North America. There are over 170 mobile operators in
The document discusses connected devices and Sequans, a leading 4G semiconductor company. Sequans provides 4G chipsets for WiMAX and LTE devices worldwide, shipping over 10 million chips to date. They have operations in Paris and other locations. The market for 4G devices is growing rapidly, especially in the US as carriers like Verizon and AT&T deploy LTE networks. Several high-end LTE phones and tablets are already available, though prices remain high and battery life low currently. The document analyzes the potential for 4G connectivity in various device types like tablets, eReaders, M2M, and gaming.
DWS15 - Game Summit - Behind the curtain - Frederic Markus - Féérik GamesIDATE DigiWorld
This document provides an inside look at working for big entertainment companies from the perspective of someone who has worked at Ubisoft, Angel Studios, Disney, and LucasArts. It discusses the core values, intense hiring processes, emphasis on problem solving and innovation over genius or credentials, horizontal management structure, focus on learning and education, diversity, self-organization, fast decision making, legacy of past work, secrecy, and mission of bringing magic and entertainment to people. Overall, it conveys that while criticism of large companies focuses on politics and money, the reality is more nuanced with a drive for creativity within limitations to solve problems and entertain audiences.
DWS15 - Smart City Forum - Boosting Digital Transformation - François Stephan...IDATE DigiWorld
SystemX is a technology research institute in Paris-Saclay focused on digital engineering and complex systems. It has over 11,000 researchers across 10 departments, including mathematics, information science, and social sciences. SystemX aims to apply its expertise in areas like autonomous transport, smart territories, digital infrastructure, and predictive technologies for mobility and energy use. Its goals include predicting traffic flows, understanding human mobility patterns, and forecasting energy consumption. SystemX utilizes various data sources and analytics to develop models and simulations to improve systems and suggest behaviors.
KA-SAT is a new high-throughput satellite launched by Eutelsat that provides broadband internet services across Europe. It has 80 Gbps of capacity, 35 times more than traditional satellites. KA-SAT uses new technology like spot beams and IP/MPLS networking to provide affordable broadband access to both consumers and businesses in areas underserved by terrestrial networks. Its user terminals are inexpensive and easy to install, bringing broadband connectivity to millions of new users.
Verizon Overview Broadband during DigiWorld Summit 2011IDATE DigiWorld
The document discusses opportunities for Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) as consumer demand for content distribution across multiple devices and platforms increases. It notes that IPTV can expand the reach of content by making it available anywhere, anytime on various devices through authentication. As broadband speeds and the number of internet-connected devices grows, the market for over-the-top video subscriptions is expected to nearly triple from 2011 to 2015, representing an opportunity for new entrants like IPTV providers.
Open Access Network (OAN) & Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC): Foundation for a ...Hedi Hmida (PhD)
Abstract— Today, the increasing adoption of internet applications is driving the demand for high bandwidth communication services to individuals, homes and business premises. Fiber to the home (FTTH) is a future-proof fixed access technology that supports high bandwidth applications to the end user; however its deployment typically requires heavy capital investments that make for a significantly long payback period. For this reason, there has been an increase in fiber access network sharing initiatives between Network Operators. Analysis has shown that sharing the infrastructure on a wholesale basis delivers savings in capital and operational expenses; subsequently shortening the RoI (Return of Investment) period, enabling the faster delivery of services to a greater number of subscribers. This model is known as OAN; a horizontally layered network architecture and business model that separates the physical access of the network from the actual service provision. This paper presents an overview of OAN models, the most commonly shared infrastructure globally, and draws conclusions from experiences in the region. The paper outlines strategic business models, provides guidelines to overcome technical and regulatory implementation challenges and presents a new business model based on the combination of OAN and FMC concept that would enable the future deployment of networks capable of providing broadband services from multiple services providers (retailers) simultaneously.
Gabrielle Gauthey of Alcatel-Lucent reviews and compares regulatory initiatives and experiences concerned with broadband deployments around the world and particularly between the US and Europe and predicts outcomes
UK Spectrum Policy Forum - Dave Cullen - Fixed Wireless Access/TransporttechUK
UK Spectrum Policy Forum
Cluster 1 - 30 June 2015
Dave Cullen, Board Member, INCA
Fixed Wireless Access/Transport
More information at: http://www.techuk.org/about/uk-spectrum-policy-forum
All rights reserved
The document discusses fiber optic deployment in Europe and regulatory models, and considers their applicability to broadband deployment in the United States. It finds that open access networks are more economically viable, and that neither duopoly nor vertically integrated private investment alone will achieve nationwide next-generation broadband access within 3-5 years without a profitable wholesale model. An "NGA-style" net neutrality approach of guaranteed wholesale capacity could enhance service competition.
The document summarizes Mexico's 2013 telecommunications reform and the establishment of Red Compartida, a shared wholesale mobile network. Key points:
1) The 2013 reform introduced major changes to open up Mexico's highly concentrated telecom market, including establishing an independent regulator (IFT) and granting new rights to consumers.
2) Red Compartida will be Mexico's first shared wholesale mobile network, using premium spectrum, with the goals of increasing coverage, promoting competitive prices, and raising quality standards.
3) The network aims to provide mobile broadband access to over 90% of Mexico's population through a public-private partnership model. This will help connect rural areas not currently served by private operators.
The document summarizes Mexico's 2013 telecommunications reform and the establishment of Red Compartida, a shared wholesale mobile network. Key points:
1) The 2013 reform introduced major changes to open up Mexico's highly concentrated telecom market, including establishing an independent regulator (IFT) and granting new rights to consumers.
2) Red Compartida will be Mexico's first shared wholesale mobile network, using premium spectrum, with the goals of increasing coverage, promoting competitive prices, and raising quality standards.
3) The network aims to provide mobile broadband access to over 90% of Mexico's population through a public-private partnership model. This will help connect rural areas not currently served by private operators.
1) Passive optical networks (PONs) that support both business and residential customers on the same network architecture are now economically feasible, as they can help share the high costs of building out the last mile of fiber infrastructure.
2) Integrating business and residential applications on a single PON can increase overall revenue per line and make building the expensive last mile infrastructure more affordable.
3) A PON network mixes business and residential traffic on the same fiber infrastructure from optical network terminals (ONTs) at customer premises through an optical distribution network to a central office, where an optical line terminal directs traffic to appropriate switches.
How Satellite Will Play a Vital Role in the Successful Roll-Out of 5GNewtec
The need for satellite and wireless synergizing together is greater than before.
Clearing C-band spectrum for terrestrial operators will enable a coordinated 5G rollout. So how will this co-primary terrestrial operations model work?
Aside to this, affordability of broad bandwidth is paramount, will it be a market-based or a regulatory model approach for all?
- FTTH networks use fiber optic cables to directly connect homes and businesses to a central access point, enabling high-speed broadband access. Service providers in Saudi Arabia are heavily investing in FTTH to meet customer demands.
- The paper discusses GPON, the predominant FTTH architecture using a point-to-multipoint topology with passive optical splitters. Distributed splitting is commonly used for flexibility.
- Key components of FTTH infrastructure include the feeder network connecting POPs to distribution points, the distribution network, and last mile access network connecting to customer buildings.
This document discusses spectrum needs for 5G mobile networks. It notes that 5G will require a combination of existing licensed mobile spectrum bands as well as new bands, including millimeter wave bands above 20GHz, to deliver the enhanced capabilities of 5G. The document reviews candidate millimeter wave bands being studied by the ITU for global harmonization for 5G. It stresses the importance of securing a regulatory environment in Europe and nationally that incentivizes long-term investments and innovation in 5G networks and spectrum.
The road-to-5 g-the-inevitable-growth-of-infrastructure-costAurelio Machado
1) Mobile network operators will need to significantly increase infrastructure investments between 2020-2025 to support growing data demand and deploy 5G networks. This is estimated to double total network costs during this period.
2) To enable 5G and meet the higher performance standards required, operators will need to invest across all network domains including acquiring new spectrum, upgrading the radio access network with small cells and fiber backhaul, and evolving the core network.
3) While operators can initially upgrade existing 4G networks, they will eventually need to build new macro sites and deploy many small cells, especially in dense urban areas, which will be the primary driver of rising infrastructure costs on the road to 5G.
This document proposes an efficient regulatory model for fiber network deployment across Europe. The model would provide incentives for operators to install fiber networks across entire countries while maximizing household connections. It suggests applying the same geographic cost averaging used for copper networks, where higher-cost rural lines are subsidized by lower-cost urban lines. This would allow a uniform fiber access price for ISPs. The model estimates the costs and subsidies needed for a national fiber rollout in France as an example. It concludes that the model could deploy fiber to all households at the lowest possible public cost while ensuring a reasonable profit level for operators.
The policy and prospects of China’s fixed broadband Market liberalizationValue Partners
By Jane Hou , Partner, and Adam Meng, Associate of the Beijing office, and Taylor Lam, SEM of the Hong Kong office
A new perspective devoted to the “policy on the pilot of fixed broadband market liberalization” in China, that encourages civil capital to enter fixed broadband market in various models, a milestone of state monopolized industries’ opening up
This document discusses transforming Europe's digital infrastructure through ubiquitous broadband and mobile access, compelling content and applications, and always-on connectivity. It notes that smartphones, widescreen devices, and video are driving significant growth in mobile data traffic. New fiber and wireless investments are needed to support this data explosion. Local authorities in France have played a key role in broadband coverage through public-private partnership models. The document calls for new investment models in Europe to achieve digital agenda targets and improve networks roll-out.
A complete description of long term evolution including lte advanced. Study includes technical, services and strategic marketing information and gives a thorough overall picture of the technology and business.
The document discusses network sharing opportunities in LTE mobile networks. It describes how network sharing can help reduce costs for mobile service providers facing increasing data traffic and changing revenue models. The standards allow for two types of network sharing - national roaming, where one operator's customers access another's network, and eUTRAN sharing, where operators share active network elements like base stations. eUTRAN sharing has two approaches defined in 3GPP - Multi-Operator Core Network (MOCN), where the shared network connects to separate core networks, and Gateway Core Network (GWCN), where the shared MME is also shared. Customer cases illustrate how different sharing models may apply depending on the market situation and operators' objectives.
Future European society and economy will strongly rely on 5G infrastructure.
The impact will go far beyond existing wireless access networks with the aim for communication services, reachable everywhere, all the time, and faster. 5G is an opportunity for the European ICT sector which is already well positioned in the global R&D race. 5G technologies will be adopted and deployed globally in alignment with developed and emerging markets’ needs.
Ofcom, the UK communications regulator, discusses policies and plans for providing super fast broadband nationally including an overview of deployment options
Similar to Mme Toledano Arcep FTTH Network DigiWorld Summit 2011 IDATE (20)
DWS19 Seminaire Healthcare William Rolland SNITEMIDATE DigiWorld
Une vraie stratégie nationale pour le numérique en santé
Décloisonner les organisations pour favoriser l’intégration et l’adhésion au numérique en santé
La feuille de route du numérique en santé
La gouvernance du numérique en santé se renforce
La sécurité et l’interopérabilité des SIS s’intensifient
Le déploiement des services numériques socles s’accélère
Les plateformes numériques de santé se construisent
Soutenir l’innovation et favoriser l’engagement des acteurs
Le Tour de France de la e-santé
La concertation
- Creating conditions for Serendipity
- Réduire le temps d'hospitalisation
- La chambre connectée
- Auto-surveillance après une opération à cœur ouvert
- Maintenir les personnes à risque à domicile
- Telco market opportunities and new value creation
- 5G is a giant leap powered by a set of new technologies
- 5G is a giant leap - mandatory to make the 4th industrial revolution happen
- 5G market traction - the market is accelerating
- Nokia Bell Labs' Future X Vision set the direction for 3GPP's 5G architecture
- Nokia 5G commercial references in key markets
- Nokia speed of innovation with the wider 5G ecosystem
-
DWSPR19 Sessions plenieres 17042019 - Enjeux anthropologiques et strategique...IDATE DigiWorld
- penser l'IA européenne avec Paul Valéry : "Regards sur le monde actuel" (1931)
- la force de frappe californienne
- la montée en puissance de la Chine
- L'Europe ne peut rester en dehors de la révolution de l'IA
- L'Europe hors-jeu ?
- Pygmalion et l'IA européenne
DWSPR19 18042019 Cohesion territoriale et digital - Pierre-Michel ATTALI - ID...IDATE DigiWorld
- Le défi du New Deal Mobile
- Le défi du déploiement du FTTH
- Le défi de l'emploi
- Après le plan France THD ?
- Infrastructures numériques : labellisées par L’État à travers le comité stratégique de filière
IDATE DigiWorld - Autonomous Cars Antoine KlifaIDATE DigiWorld
The promises of autonomous cars
Evolution towards full automation
Levels of autonomous driving
Autonomous car potential
Connectivity and communication
5G opportunities
Strategies and roadmap
Announcements regarding availability
Key points
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From mobile voice to mobile everywhere7
1. LTE global success
•
LTE subscriptionsdistribution (Q4 2017 –Q4 2021)9
•
Breakdown of mobile customers by country and technology, end-20169
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China Mobile LTE capexand LTE coverage10
•
Outdoor LTE coverage10
•
≥ 500 Mbps LTE-Advanced networks launched11
•
MNOs ranking by subscriber numbers, end-June 201712
•
Subscriber numbers in leading countries12
•
5G usage scenarios13
•
5G Performance Objectives14
2. 5G
•
5G timeline16
•
5G subscribers by region in 202517
•
5G subscribers forecasts17
•
5G widespread technology enablers18
•
Three scenarions for 5G monetisation, MNO’s view19
3. More spectrum for LTE upgrades and 5G
•
IMT bands, below 6 GHz22
•
IMT bands, above 6 GHz23
•
Potential5G bands worldwidein the 20-45 GHz range24
•
Price of premium licences/spectrum per MHz per pop., for 10 years25
•
Price of 700 MHz licences/spectrum per MHz per pop., for 10 years25
DWS17 - Plenary session: Big strategic Bets - Andres LINDLAD - AccentureIDATE DigiWorld
This document discusses how telecommunications companies need to transform their businesses to adapt to new digital disruptors and changing customer demands. It suggests that telcos embrace new service models, partner across open ecosystems, leverage their network and customer experience strengths, and place intelligence at the core of their business to engage customers and drive new service growth. The document encourages telcos to make the decision now to adopt a future-focused mindset.
This document discusses innovation trends from 2015-2025 based on an upcoming report from IDATE DigiWorld. It finds that the top digital innovations of 2015-2020 included mobile, cloud, big data, and digital interfaces/infrastructure. The report predicts a major shift in the top innovations of 2020-2025 to artificial intelligence, robots, and the Internet of Things. It also identifies mainstream technologies like mobile and social networks, usual suspects still emerging like connected cars and industry 4.0, and wild cards with unclear timelines like blockchain, e-health and energy storage. The report suggests innovation is transitioning from digital to "phygital" by integrating physical and digital. It questions what emerging technologies like quantum computing may
The document discusses the future of transportation, focusing on autonomous cars and smart mobility. It summarizes that over the next 15-16 years, car design will evolve significantly with electronics and autonomous capabilities, and fully autonomous cars may be possible within 15 years. However, mass adoption of autonomous vehicles still faces challenges related to safety, technology reliability, security, cost, infrastructure requirements, legal issues, and consumer acceptance.
DWS17 - Investment and digital infrastructure seminar - Roland MONTAGNE - ID...IDATE DigiWorld
Fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) rollouts are progressing but at different paces across countries. Reaching non-dense and rural areas requiring intense investment remains a challenge. Public funding and co-investment models could help leverage private investments. FTTH average revenue per user is lower in Europe compared to the US, so bundling television and sports content may help increase revenue. FTTH can address residential, enterprise and mobile backhaul markets. Significant investments are still needed for FTTH, and solutions around public-private partnerships and new business models must be explored.
Quality Patents: Patents That Stand the Test of TimeAurora Consulting
Is your patent a vanity piece of paper for your office wall? Or is it a reliable, defendable, assertable, property right? The difference is often quality.
Is your patent simply a transactional cost and a large pile of legal bills for your startup? Or is it a leverageable asset worthy of attracting precious investment dollars, worth its cost in multiples of valuation? The difference is often quality.
Is your patent application only good enough to get through the examination process? Or has it been crafted to stand the tests of time and varied audiences if you later need to assert that document against an infringer, find yourself litigating with it in an Article 3 Court at the hands of a judge and jury, God forbid, end up having to defend its validity at the PTAB, or even needing to use it to block pirated imports at the International Trade Commission? The difference is often quality.
Quality will be our focus for a good chunk of the remainder of this season. What goes into a quality patent, and where possible, how do you get it without breaking the bank?
** Episode Overview **
In this first episode of our quality series, Kristen Hansen and the panel discuss:
⦿ What do we mean when we say patent quality?
⦿ Why is patent quality important?
⦿ How to balance quality and budget
⦿ The importance of searching, continuations, and draftsperson domain expertise
⦿ Very practical tips, tricks, examples, and Kristen’s Musts for drafting quality applications
https://www.aurorapatents.com/patently-strategic-podcast.html
GDG Cloud Southlake #34: Neatsun Ziv: Automating AppsecJames Anderson
The lecture titled "Automating AppSec" delves into the critical challenges associated with manual application security (AppSec) processes and outlines strategic approaches for incorporating automation to enhance efficiency, accuracy, and scalability. The lecture is structured to highlight the inherent difficulties in traditional AppSec practices, emphasizing the labor-intensive triage of issues, the complexity of identifying responsible owners for security flaws, and the challenges of implementing security checks within CI/CD pipelines. Furthermore, it provides actionable insights on automating these processes to not only mitigate these pains but also to enable a more proactive and scalable security posture within development cycles.
The Pains of Manual AppSec:
This section will explore the time-consuming and error-prone nature of manually triaging security issues, including the difficulty of prioritizing vulnerabilities based on their actual risk to the organization. It will also discuss the challenges in determining ownership for remediation tasks, a process often complicated by cross-functional teams and microservices architectures. Additionally, the inefficiencies of manual checks within CI/CD gates will be examined, highlighting how they can delay deployments and introduce security risks.
Automating CI/CD Gates:
Here, the focus shifts to the automation of security within the CI/CD pipelines. The lecture will cover methods to seamlessly integrate security tools that automatically scan for vulnerabilities as part of the build process, thereby ensuring that security is a core component of the development lifecycle. Strategies for configuring automated gates that can block or flag builds based on the severity of detected issues will be discussed, ensuring that only secure code progresses through the pipeline.
Triaging Issues with Automation:
This segment addresses how automation can be leveraged to intelligently triage and prioritize security issues. It will cover technologies and methodologies for automatically assessing the context and potential impact of vulnerabilities, facilitating quicker and more accurate decision-making. The use of automated alerting and reporting mechanisms to ensure the right stakeholders are informed in a timely manner will also be discussed.
Identifying Ownership Automatically:
Automating the process of identifying who owns the responsibility for fixing specific security issues is critical for efficient remediation. This part of the lecture will explore tools and practices for mapping vulnerabilities to code owners, leveraging version control and project management tools.
Three Tips to Scale the Shift Left Program:
Finally, the lecture will offer three practical tips for organizations looking to scale their Shift Left security programs. These will include recommendations on fostering a security culture within development teams, employing DevSecOps principles to integrate security throughout the development
Performance Budgets for the Real World by Tammy EvertsScyllaDB
Performance budgets have been around for more than ten years. Over those years, we’ve learned a lot about what works, what doesn’t, and what we need to improve. In this session, Tammy revisits old assumptions about performance budgets and offers some new best practices. Topics include:
• Understanding performance budgets vs. performance goals
• Aligning budgets with user experience
• Pros and cons of Core Web Vitals
• How to stay on top of your budgets to fight regressions
Implementations of Fused Deposition Modeling in real worldEmerging Tech
The presentation showcases the diverse real-world applications of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) across multiple industries:
1. **Manufacturing**: FDM is utilized in manufacturing for rapid prototyping, creating custom tools and fixtures, and producing functional end-use parts. Companies leverage its cost-effectiveness and flexibility to streamline production processes.
2. **Medical**: In the medical field, FDM is used to create patient-specific anatomical models, surgical guides, and prosthetics. Its ability to produce precise and biocompatible parts supports advancements in personalized healthcare solutions.
3. **Education**: FDM plays a crucial role in education by enabling students to learn about design and engineering through hands-on 3D printing projects. It promotes innovation and practical skill development in STEM disciplines.
4. **Science**: Researchers use FDM to prototype equipment for scientific experiments, build custom laboratory tools, and create models for visualization and testing purposes. It facilitates rapid iteration and customization in scientific endeavors.
5. **Automotive**: Automotive manufacturers employ FDM for prototyping vehicle components, tooling for assembly lines, and customized parts. It speeds up the design validation process and enhances efficiency in automotive engineering.
6. **Consumer Electronics**: FDM is utilized in consumer electronics for designing and prototyping product enclosures, casings, and internal components. It enables rapid iteration and customization to meet evolving consumer demands.
7. **Robotics**: Robotics engineers leverage FDM to prototype robot parts, create lightweight and durable components, and customize robot designs for specific applications. It supports innovation and optimization in robotic systems.
8. **Aerospace**: In aerospace, FDM is used to manufacture lightweight parts, complex geometries, and prototypes of aircraft components. It contributes to cost reduction, faster production cycles, and weight savings in aerospace engineering.
9. **Architecture**: Architects utilize FDM for creating detailed architectural models, prototypes of building components, and intricate designs. It aids in visualizing concepts, testing structural integrity, and communicating design ideas effectively.
Each industry example demonstrates how FDM enhances innovation, accelerates product development, and addresses specific challenges through advanced manufacturing capabilities.
Paradigm Shifts in User Modeling: A Journey from Historical Foundations to Em...Erasmo Purificato
Slide of the tutorial entitled "Paradigm Shifts in User Modeling: A Journey from Historical Foundations to Emerging Trends" held at UMAP'24: 32nd ACM Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization (July 1, 2024 | Cagliari, Italy)
Video traffic on the Internet is constantly growing; networked multimedia applications consume a predominant share of the available Internet bandwidth. A major technical breakthrough and enabler in multimedia systems research and of industrial networked multimedia services certainly was the HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) technique. This resulted in the standardization of MPEG Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (MPEG-DASH) which, together with HTTP Live Streaming (HLS), is widely used for multimedia delivery in today’s networks. Existing challenges in multimedia systems research deal with the trade-off between (i) the ever-increasing content complexity, (ii) various requirements with respect to time (most importantly, latency), and (iii) quality of experience (QoE). Optimizing towards one aspect usually negatively impacts at least one of the other two aspects if not both. This situation sets the stage for our research work in the ATHENA Christian Doppler (CD) Laboratory (Adaptive Streaming over HTTP and Emerging Networked Multimedia Services; https://athena.itec.aau.at/), jointly funded by public sources and industry. In this talk, we will present selected novel approaches and research results of the first year of the ATHENA CD Lab’s operation. We will highlight HAS-related research on (i) multimedia content provisioning (machine learning for video encoding); (ii) multimedia content delivery (support of edge processing and virtualized network functions for video networking); (iii) multimedia content consumption and end-to-end aspects (player-triggered segment retransmissions to improve video playout quality); and (iv) novel QoE investigations (adaptive point cloud streaming). We will also put the work into the context of international multimedia systems research.
How to Avoid Learning the Linux-Kernel Memory ModelScyllaDB
The Linux-kernel memory model (LKMM) is a powerful tool for developing highly concurrent Linux-kernel code, but it also has a steep learning curve. Wouldn't it be great to get most of LKMM's benefits without the learning curve?
This talk will describe how to do exactly that by using the standard Linux-kernel APIs (locking, reference counting, RCU) along with a simple rules of thumb, thus gaining most of LKMM's power with less learning. And the full LKMM is always there when you need it!
In this follow-up session on knowledge and prompt engineering, we will explore structured prompting, chain of thought prompting, iterative prompting, prompt optimization, emotional language prompts, and the inclusion of user signals and industry-specific data to enhance LLM performance.
Join EIS Founder & CEO Seth Earley and special guest Nick Usborne, Copywriter, Trainer, and Speaker, as they delve into these methodologies to improve AI-driven knowledge processes for employees and customers alike.
INDIAN AIR FORCE FIGHTER PLANES LIST.pdfjackson110191
These fighter aircraft have uses outside of traditional combat situations. They are essential in defending India's territorial integrity, averting dangers, and delivering aid to those in need during natural calamities. Additionally, the IAF improves its interoperability and fortifies international military alliances by working together and conducting joint exercises with other air forces.
AC Atlassian Coimbatore Session Slides( 22/06/2024)apoorva2579
This is the combined Sessions of ACE Atlassian Coimbatore event happened on 22nd June 2024
The session order is as follows:
1.AI and future of help desk by Rajesh Shanmugam
2. Harnessing the power of GenAI for your business by Siddharth
3. Fallacies of GenAI by Raju Kandaswamy
Kief Morris rethinks the infrastructure code delivery lifecycle, advocating for a shift towards composable infrastructure systems. We should shift to designing around deployable components rather than code modules, use more useful levels of abstraction, and drive design and deployment from applications rather than bottom-up, monolithic architecture and delivery.
Quantum Communications Q&A with Gemini LLM. These are based on Shannon's Noisy channel Theorem and offers how the classical theory applies to the quantum world.
What's Next Web Development Trends to Watch.pdfSeasiaInfotech2
Explore the latest advancements and upcoming innovations in web development with our guide to the trends shaping the future of digital experiences. Read our article today for more information.
1. FTTH network rollouts:
Is there a winning model in Europe?
Joëlle Toledano
ARCEP
Idate – 2011
November 16th
2. Contents
Three “Winning”/ interesting models:
FTTH in Singapore
FTTx in Korea
Broadband in France
A few mandatory ingredients to building a winning model
1
3. Singapore: A single passive network with a scheduled rollout, competition in
wholesale and retail services
Public support: a project planned by the public authorities (regulator IDA):
Definition of the initial roadmap
Choice of the candidate to construct the the passive network
Implementation of subsidy mechanisms
Price regulation
A network operator – OpenNet – in charge of universal service for the single passive network:
Network rollout to connect all subscribers, households and businesses by 1 January 2013
Provide dark fibre and interconnection offers, at regulated prices
Up to 750 S$ million in subsidies , depending on network rollout targets and commercial success
An operator in charge of providing universal service offers, based on bitstream, for ultra-fast
broadband wholesale solutions: Nucleus Connect (wholly-owned StarHub subsidiary, Singapore’s
second largest carrier)
Regulated prices and up to 250 S$ million in subsidies
Network and service operators buying wholesale offers:
Including StarHub, as well as M1, Singapore’s number three operator, and other retail market operators
Singtel, incumbent carrier and broadband market leader, rolls out its own activated network using
OpenNet solutions
2
4. Singapore: Several keys to success
Geography and demographics allow for fast rollouts (5 years)
Small size and high population density (7,000/km² - France: 116/km²)
80% of the inhabitants live in public collective housing
Singaporean public authorities found the right incentives for the two market leaders: Singtel
(incumbent carrier) and StarHub (number 2)
A major public funding effort: up to 1 billion S$ in subsidies, depending on targets achieved
Singtel present in every market tier, in various ways: a major OpenNet shareholder (30%); an
OpenNet provider for the deployment and upkeep of the new fibre network, using its own
copper network
StarHub has strengthened its position in the broadband market
StarHub and Singtel expected to eventually share the ultra-fast broadband market, especially
since easing access to video content was indirectly part of the overall agreement
N.B. Temasek (Singaporean sovereign fund) is not only the major Singtel shareholder but also
has holds a significant stake in StarHub
Coordination problems between the three tiers
3
5. South Korea: Ultra-fast broadband becoming the norm; longstanding and
sustainable backing from public authorities
Success of ultra-fast broadband in South Korea
Ultra-fast broadband and broadband networks cover virtually all households (17.4M households in
2010)
Almost 65% of the lines had upload speeds over 50Mb/s in early 2010 (KCC/KISDI)
Almost 55% of subscriptions are to an Fttx service (FttH + FttB + FttC)
xDSL subscriptions account for only 15% of connections (56% of subscriptions in 2004)
Longstanding and sustainable public backing
Strategy during the crisis in 1997: top priority given to new technologies
Implementation of various strategic plans to foster private investment and research, setting up a
dedicated fund (around 1 billion US$ from 1996 to 2006)
KCC, sector regulator and architect of industrial policy for both infrastructures and services since 2008
4
6. South Korea: Infrastructure-based competition and pragmatic
technological choices
4 parallel networks (3 telecom carriers and a group of cable companies),
with very affordable prices and limited difference between broadband
and ultra-fast broadband prices
Infrastructure-based competition….thanks to "low“ roll-out costs
Several simultaneous rollouts enabled by country’s geo-economics: 500
people/km2, 76% of the population live in the 10 largest cities, 50% in the
greater Seoul region …
Significant aerial deployment in urban areas
Infrastructures made available early on: KEPCO’s overhead electrical
infrastructures available since 1998
High rate of housing renewal: housing projects with built-in shared access
networks (superfast broadband is a key element in a building’s rating)
Pragmatic techniques
Operators combine several technical solutions to provide ultra-fast
broadband: FttH in small buildings or pre-equipped homes for the rare
detached houses, FttC or FttB + LAN to connect consumers living in buildings
equipped with home networks via Ethernet
Public authorities, including the regulator, foster"fair"competition for
the benefit of consumers
5
7. Success of broadband in France: Regulation driving increased coverage
with competition led by private and public investment
Local Loop Unbundling launch
Broadband expansion
based on unbundling
and alternative Public network rollouts
operators’ own
network rollouts Public authority
involvement to
complement Launch of "LFO“ backhaul offer
private operators’
France Telecom’s extra fibers used for
network rollouts
alternative operators’ backhaul networks
100% coverage
7
Thousands
30
Millions
6
Unbundled MDF
25
Unbundlables lines
5
20
4
15 3
10 2
5 1
0 0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2009 2010
Unbundled MDF
NRA dégroupés unbundlables lines
LP dégroupagbles
6
8. A few mandatory ingredients to building a winning model…
… especially in France
7
9. There is no "one size fits all“ FTTH rollout model!
The degree and state of competition play a key role (1)
Ideally competition would be the core driving force. But it is not always so.
Competition as driving force:
For the incumbent, when infrastructure-based competition exists and speed
becomes a competitive issue (ADSL versus cable or any other planned Fttx network).
The scale of the rollout depends on the footprint of the alternative infrastructure.
For alternative operators when they can climb to the next rung of the ladder of
investment. Here, the existing customer base is a key parameter
In both cases the additional investment has to be profitable enough…..
…. and investment profitability is not calculated in the same way (with the same
revenue) depending of the competitive situation: if ADSL revenue is at risk,
incentives to invest are much higher than when the purpose of the investment is
"only“ to generate additional income. For the same new fibre networks profitability
for the incumbent is lower when it doesn't face competition from higher speed
networks.
Fear of competition from new entrants on fibre (private or public) creates a
powerful incentive for the incumbent to invest
In France, private operators are committed to covering around 60% of the
population, sharing a significant portion of investments in the passive network. They
will be competing with their own active offers. It will enable lasting competition
with ongoing technical innovation
8
10. There is no "one size fits all“ FTTH rollout model!
The degree and state of competition play a key role (2)
Could regulation on wholesale access prices drive the French market forward?
Some analysts suggest lowering unbundling prices to reduce legacy copper
network’s profitability – in the belief that this would create an incentive to
deploy fibre, in search of a more profitable business
Shrinking ADSL profit levels by lowering wholesale prices WILL NOT create the
same incentives as competition does
The issue is not to increase fibre profitability “vis a vis” ADSL profitability
The reason lies on the demand side: for customers, until now, fibre has had
quite similar value to that of a good ADSL (triple play) solution!
So substantially lowering wholesale access prices for any reason other than
lower amortized actual spending will give a second wind to competition with
copper. It will even become more attractive to use the copper network and
deploy VDSL2!
We need to properly differentiate fibre-based NGA from copper-based ones (i.e.
VDSL) as their rollout does not respond to the same incentives, the same
competitive situation and the same objectives !
9
11. Fostering competition and investment by lowering the
breakeven point for all competitors
Private operators’ eagerness to deploy FttH networks
Not only in high-density areas (where infrastructure-based competition is
possible) but also sharing a passive network in lower density areas
Such eagerness results from strong ADSL market competition
Need to support and oversee FTTH rollouts
Creating a level playing field (asymmetric regulation) ensuring that each
operator benefits from the same rollout conditions
- France Telecom required to provide access at "affordable“ prices to its ducts
Sustaining competitive momentum by sharing passive local loop
(symmetric regulation)
- Maximizing competition through optimal last-metre infrastructure sharing
- Providing access to large sharing points
- Co-financing or renting access
- Sharing information
- Consistency required in last-metre rollouts
10
12. Using public investment and public authority involvement as a
way to expand coverage
Public funds are scarce. Maximizing private investment is a core objective
Public authority involvement as a complement/incentive to private action
Rollouts in areas where private investment is lacking
Reduce disparities in local networks
Backhaul networks to ensure alternative operators’ access to local loop
Programme National Très Haut Débit (national ultra-fast broadband programme)
“Private operators” component (1bn€)
- Long-term maturity loans for private operators
“Local authorities” component (900m€)
- Subsidies for local authorities' projects in areas not subject to private
investment
“Satellite” component (100m€)
- Subsidies for R&D
Services: 2.5bn€ in subsidies to promote content (demand-side policy)
11
13. Public-Private Coordination is needed
Need to coordinate private and public actions
Complementary nature of rollouts
Ensuring competitiveness of public networks
Co-financing ensures private operator involvement
Public networks taking operators’ business models into account
- Network architecture, standardized processes (information exchange, upkeep)
Public involvement required by private operators
Leverage (incentivising)
Private rollouts eased by local authorities
12
14. What do we know about demand and willingness to pay?
Everywhere – even in Korea and Sweden – everyone is looking for the killer
app! A lot of ideas are being discussed: e-learning, e-health, cloud computing,
new forms of access to video content, public services… But, up until now, online
gaming at home and multi-user households have emerged as the only specific
cases where Fttx is highly recommended.
In areas with high-speed ADSL (triple-play offers), two conditions are required
to ensure the success of FttH:
- Small gap between the retail price of FTTH and xDSL
- Attractive content and services: HDTV, premium content, ..
In areas with low access speeds or without ADSL, demand for FTTH seems to
higher but…
local offers are less attractive and…
Supply on a national scale is required to stimulate demand (network effect)
National marketing (retail prices, ad campaigns… quadruple-play)
Attractive content
And, as we know for certain that consumption of data will continue to surge,
demand for increased speed will necessarily follow…
13
15. Dynamic competition and public involvement to cope with
demand
Regulation and public-private"co-opetition”
Foster private Dynamic Public
investment and competition that investment &
innovation benefits involvement
consumers
Demand
14