Spodoptera frugiperda is a new invasive and highly polyphagous pest that attacks corn in Indonesia. The availability of abundant plant species allows pests to switch to other host plants to maintain their population. The aim of this... more
Spodoptera frugiperda is a new invasive and highly polyphagous pest that attacks corn in Indonesia. The availability of abundant plant species allows pests to switch to other host plants to maintain their population. The aim of this research is to examine the development, reproduction, nutritional indices, and life table of S. frugiperda in several plant species. The plants tested were corn, rice, broccoli, oil palm, and baby corn as controls. Ten individual insects were used and the experiments were repeated five times for each plant species. The test results show that different types of plant feed affect the development time, imago life span, fecundity, and fertility of S. frugiperda. Baby corn fruit and broccoli had higher net reproduction value (R 0), intrinsic growth rate (r), gross reproduction rate (GRR), shorter mean generation period (T), and population doubling time (DT) than corn and rice leaves. On oil palm leaf feed, no population parameters could be determined because no larvae developed into adults and had the lowest nutritional indices parameters, so that, oil palm could not be exploited as a host plant. Also, the nutritional indices of several feed plant species tested provided information that broccoli could be the most suitable host compared to other plants tested when there was no corn in the field.
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Brown planthopper (BPH) is well-known as the major pest in rice cultivation in Indonesia. Development of BPH resistant rice cultivar is the ideal option for economic and effective management of BPH. Db1 gene (mannose-binding lectin family... more
Brown planthopper (BPH) is well-known as the major pest in rice cultivation in Indonesia. Development of BPH resistant rice cultivar is the ideal option for economic and effective management of BPH. Db1 gene (mannose-binding lectin family gene), isolated from Dioscorea batatas, is proven to be effective against some sup-sucking insects. This gene has been transferred to rice cv. Taichung-65 and currently homozygous transgenic rice line has been selected. The experiment was aimed to study obtain transgenic Obi rice lines and nontransgenic rice lines that resistance to BPH. Genotypes used were transgenic rice cultivar of Taichung-65 with Obi insertion, non-transgenic rice cultivars i.e. Taichung-65, PTB-33, Rathu Heenati, Babawee, 1R-64, 1R-42, Ciherang, and Cisadane. Two colonies of brown planthopper i.e. colony Sukamandi (suspected a mixture of biotype 3 and 4) and colony North Sumatera (biotype 3) were used in this study. Number of BPH population was recorded from 1st to 7th observation. Results showed that cv. PTB-33 could reduce development of BPH population from 1s` to 7th observation (the last observation). From 3rd to the last observation, BPH population on transgenic rice line (Taichung-65 with DM tended to increase. Number of BPH adults on cv. PTB-33 was the least amount of BPH adults, except for colony Sukamandi. Furthermore, in this colony, the least number of adult winged BPH (Macroptera) was found on cv. 1R-42. It is concluded that population build-up of BPH is not depended on cultivar reaction.
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Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal) is well-known as the major pest in rice cultivation in Indonesia and other countries in Asia. Developing resistant rice lines is the ideal option for economic and effective management. The... more
Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal) is well-known as the major pest in rice cultivation in Indonesia and other countries in Asia. Developing resistant rice lines is the ideal option for economic and effective management. The experiments were aimed to obtain the important traits between Brown planthopper (BPH) resistant and susceptible genotypes, to obtain SSR markers that can be used in Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) and association of SSR markers with important traits. In this study, characterization of important traits and screening of eight SSR markers were performed for five genotypes i.e. PTB33 (resistant genotype), 1R-64 (tolerant), Pandan Wangi (susceptible), Ciherang (susceptible), and Sintanur (susceptible). PTB -33 showed higher photosynthetic rate (tolerant ability), longer trichomes size (antixenosis ability), and lower protein content (antibiosis ability) compared with other cultivars. RM8213 exhibited visible polymorphic bands between PTB-33 and other cultivars, meanwhile RM586 and RM589 showed polymorphic bands between PTB-33 and other cultivars, except cv. 1R-64. Z-mantel test for correlation between physiological traits and SSR markers showed that Qbph4 and Bph17(t) genes highly correlated with photosynthetic rates and trichomes length, whereas Bph3 and bph4 genes showed a high level of correlation with protein content.
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Spodoptera frugiperda is a new invasive and highly polyphagous pest that attacks corn in Indonesia. The availability of abundant plant species allows pests to switch to other host plants to maintain their population. This research aims to... more
Spodoptera frugiperda is a new invasive and highly polyphagous pest that attacks corn in Indonesia. The availability of abundant plant species allows pests to switch to other host plants to maintain their population. This research aims to examine the development, reproduction, nutritional indices, and life table of S. frugiperda in several plant species. The plants tested were corn, rice, broccoli, oil palm, and baby corn as controls. Ten individual insects were used and repeated five times for each plant species. The test results show that different types of plant feed affect the development time, imago life span, fecundity, and fertility of S. frugiperda. The types of plant feed, that were baby corn fruit and broccoli had higher net reproduction value (R0), intrinsic growth rate (r), gross reproduction rate (GRR), shorter mean generation period (T), and population doubling time (DT) than in corn and rice leaves. On oil palm leaf feed no population parameters can be determined because no larvae developed into adults and had the lowest nutritional indices parameters, so that could not be exploited as a host plant. Also, the nutritional indices of several feed plant species tested provided information that broccoli could be a suitable host when there was no corn in the field.
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Ekstrak Aglaia odorata efektif terhadap larva beberapa spesies serangga hama tetapi relatif aman terhadap parasitoid tertentu. Namun, potensi formulasinya belum pernah diteliti terhadap interaksi inang dengan parasitoid telur. Penelitian... more
Ekstrak Aglaia odorata efektif terhadap larva beberapa spesies serangga hama tetapi relatif aman terhadap parasitoid tertentu. Namun, potensi formulasinya belum pernah diteliti terhadap interaksi inang dengan parasitoid telur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kompatibilitas ekstrak daun dan ranting A. odorata dengan parasitoid telur Trichogramma spp. dalam pengendalian C. pavonana, Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formulasi 15 EC dan 15 -WP ekstrak daun dan ranting A. odorata relatif tidak menurunkan parasitisasi Trichogramma spp. pada telur C. pavonana Tingkat parasitisasi Trichogramma spp. berkisar 10-20% dan kemunculan parasitoid mencapai 20% dengani umur koloni yang lebih lama. Potensi formulasi insektisida ekstrak A. odorata tersebut sebanding dengan insektisida mikrob berbahan aktif Bacillus thuringiensis dengan pengaruh yang lebih balk terhadap parasitoid dibanding insektisida sintetis berbahan aktif profenofos. Dengan demikian, formulasi EC dan WP ekstrak A. odo...
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This research was conducted to determine the resistance status of Crocidolomia pavonana to the synthetic insecticide profenofos and to know the toxicity of leaf extract of tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum ) against C. pavonana . The study used... more
This research was conducted to determine the resistance status of Crocidolomia pavonana to the synthetic insecticide profenofos and to know the toxicity of leaf extract of tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum ) against C. pavonana . The study used two bioassay methods, dry film and feeding assay. C. pavonana larvae was obtained from Sirnajaya, Karyamekar, and Padasuka village, Pasirwangi district, Garut, West Java, Indonesia. A standard susceptible strain of C. pavonana larvae (more than 20 generation in the laboratory) was used as comparison. The results of this study showed that C. pavonana from all villages (Karyamekar, Sirnajaya, Padasuka) indicating slight resistance (1 < RR ≤ 5) to profenofos with Resistance Ratio (RR) values of 1.04, 1.65, and 1.20, respectively (dry film method) and 1.23, 1.86, and 1.42 (feeding assay). These results suggest that the resistance mechanism of C. pavonana in these populations occur mainly in the insect alimentary canal. On the other hand, the field population of C. pavonana had a RR to tobacco leaf extract of less than one (0.92 in Sirnajaya; 0.89 in Karyamekar; 0.90 in Padasuka) suggesting that the larvae of C. pavonana tested were not resistant to the tobacco leaf extract .
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Penelitian Kapasitas Parasitisasi dan Reproduksi Parasitoid Trichogramma australicum Girault (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) terhadap Telur Crocidolomia pavonana F. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) telah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Entomologi... more
Penelitian Kapasitas Parasitisasi dan Reproduksi Parasitoid Trichogramma australicum Girault (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) terhadap Telur Crocidolomia pavonana F. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) telah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Entomologi Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran dari bulan Januari sampai dengan Juni 2008. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kapasitas parasitisasi dan reproduksi T australicum terhadap telur C. pavonana. Pengujian kapasitas parasitisasi T australicum terhadap telur C. pavonana dilakukan dengan memaparkan dua, tiga, empat, lima dan satu kelompok telur C. pavonana terhadap 20 imago T. australicum, tiap kelompok telur C. pavonana berjumlah (50 f 5) telur. Has il penelitian menunjukkan bahwa parasitisasi T. australicum tertinggi terjadi pada dua kelompok telur C. pavonana dan parasitisasinya mencapai 29%. Potensi parasitisasi T australicum akan terekspresikan secara maksimal apabila tersedia inang lebih dari satu kelompok telur C. pavonana. Pengujian kapasitas reproduksi T. australicum terhadap telur C. pavonana dilakukan dengan memaparkan 70 telur C. pavonana terhadap 20 imago T. australicum dan 70 telur C. cephalonica terhadap 20 T. australicum. Kapasitas reproduksi T. australicum pada telur C. pavonana lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kapasitas reproduksi pada telur C. cephalonica. Nisbah kelamin imago parasitoid T. australicum yang muncul dari telur C. pavonana yang terparasit yaitu 1 : 2 (Jantan : Betina), sedangkan dari telur C. cephalonica yaitu 1 : 1 (Jantan : Betina). Semakin bertambahnya umur imago parasitoid T. australicum yang memarasit telur C. pavonana dan telur C. cephalonica, maka cenderung menghasilkan keturunan jantan lebih banyak. The research of Parasitization and Reproduction Capacity of T. australicum Girault (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) on Eggs C. pavonana (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was carried out at Entomology Laboratory, Departement of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Padjadjaran. The objective of this research was to know the parasitization and reproduction capacity of T. australicum on C. pavonana eggs. The experiment of parasitization capacity of T. australicum against on C. pavonana eggs was conducted by exposing two, three, four, five and one of C. pavonana egg clusters against 20 T. australicum. Every clusters of eggs C. pavonana consisted of (50 5) eggs. The result of this research indicated that the highest parasitization of T. australicum occured at two C. pavonana egg cluster that reached 29%. The parasitization potency of T. australicum will be maximally expressed if the C. pavonana cluster egg more than one. The experiment of reproduction capacity of T. australicum on C. pavonana eggs was conducted by exposing 70 C. pavonana eggs against 20 T. australicum, and 70 eggs C. cephalonica against 20 T. australicum. The reproduction capacity of T. australicum against C. pavonana eggs was lower than the reproduction capacity of parasitoid on C. cephalonica eggs. The sex ratio of T australicum wasp emerged from eggs C. pavonana is 1 : 2 (Male : Female), while from eggs of C. cephalonica was 1 : 1. Older T. australicum wasp tend to produce more male wasp.
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Botanical insecticide can reduce the negative impacts of using synthetic insecticide to the environment and human health. One of the potential plants to be developed as a source of ecologically friendly of insecticides is Melia azedarach... more
Botanical insecticide can reduce the negative impacts of using synthetic insecticide to the environment and human health. One of the potential plants to be developed as a source of ecologically friendly of insecticides is Melia azedarach (Meliaceae). Stem Borer is the major pest of rice crop in Indonesia and its control depend on synthetic insecticide. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of M. azedarach methanol seed extract on mortality and food consumption of Scirpophaga incertulas. The toxicity test in order to know its LC50 and LC95 value was conducted with experimental method by using Completely Randomized Design which consisted of six treatments and each treatment was replicated three times_ This research was evaluated against the third-instar larvae S. incertulas by dipping method on the pieces of paddy stem at concentration of 0.05%; 0.12%; 0.28%; 0.68%; 1.63% and control. Result of this research indicated that methanolic seed extract of M. azedarach had insecticidal activity with LC50 at concentration of 0.31% and LC95 at concentration of 3,18% in 96 hours after treatment. The treatments at concentration of 0.12%; 0.28%; 0.68% and 1.63%, reduced the number of food consumption of 25.43%; 28.21%; 22.55% and 13.39%. Methanolic seed extract of M. azedarach at concentration of 3.18% (equivalent to LC95) and 6,35% (equivalent to 2 x LC95) did not caused phytotoxic to paddy.
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Plants are known to have various chemical compounds that have potential to be developed as insecticides. One of the potential plants to be developed as a source of insecticides is Barringtonia asiatica (Lecythidaceae). This research was... more
Plants are known to have various chemical compounds that have potential to be developed as insecticides. One of the potential plants to be developed as a source of insecticides is Barringtonia asiatica (Lecythidaceae). This research was conducted to determine toxicity of methanolic seed extract of Barringtonia asiatica to mortality and biological character of Spodoptera litura. The evaluation of toxicity was carried out using feeding method. Result of this research indicated that methanolic seed extract of B. asiatica had insecticidal activity with LC50 at concentration of 0.30% and LC90 at concentration of 0.80% in 13 days after treatment with LT50 at 4.8 days. In addition, methanolic seed extract of B. asiatica caused decrease of larval weight, tend to increase duration time of development, reduced leaf consumption and decrease of egg amount oviposited by female of S. litura.
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Spodoptera frugiperda caused severe damage to the maize plant. Botanical insecticides are a choice to control this pest. This study aims to determine the ethanol extract of Calophyllum soulattri stem bark, methanol extract of Piper... more
Spodoptera frugiperda caused severe damage to the maize plant. Botanical insecticides are a choice to control this pest. This study aims to determine the ethanol extract of Calophyllum soulattri stem bark, methanol extract of Piper aduncum fruit, and Sesamum indicum oil, and their potential mixture for controlling S. frugiperda. The bioassays were carried out in laboratory conditions using second instar S. frugiperda larvae from mass rearing in the laboratory. A toxicity test was performed using the leaf-residual feeding method. The result showed that the mortality of S. frugiperda for C. soulattri is LC50 = 0.349% and LC95 = 3.256% and that for P. aduncum is LC50 = 0.530% and LC95 = 4.666%. S. indicum oil (at 10% concentration) only caused the mortality of S. frugiperda by 27.5%. Insecticide mixture can increase the toxicity of the insecticide. The observation mortality of S. frugiperda for C. soulattri and P. aduncum (1:2) extracts mixture were LC50 = 0.233% and LC95 = 0.808%. At ...
Penyakit hawar daun yang disebabkan oleh oomycete Phytphthora infestans merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada tanaman kentang. Metode pengendalian utama yang digunakan oleh petani adalah dengan menggunakan fungisida sintetis. Akan... more
Penyakit hawar daun yang disebabkan oleh oomycete Phytphthora infestans merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada tanaman kentang. Metode pengendalian utama yang digunakan oleh petani adalah dengan menggunakan fungisida sintetis. Akan tetapi, penggunaan fungisida secara terus menerus dapat menyebabkan timbulnya populasi patogen yang resisten sehingga dapat menurunkan keefektifan fungisida tersebut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengevaluasi sensitivitas P. infestans yang diisolasi dari pertanaman kentang di Desa Cikajang, Kabupaten Garut terhadap beberapa fungisida berbahan aktif metalaksil, mankozeb, dimetomorf, klorotalonil dan oksatiapiprolin. Eksperimen dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode makanan beracun dan detached-leaf assay. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa P. infestans sensitif terhadap metalaksil dan mankozeb pada konsentrasi 2000 ppm dengan penghambatan pertumbuhan koloni masingmasing mencapai 93,3%. Lebih lanjut, berdasarkan hasil detached leaf as...
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Indonesia memiliki keragaman hayati yang tinggi. Salah satunya yaitu keragaman tumbuhan yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai tumbuhan alternatif pengendalian hama. Barringtonia asiatica (Lecythidae), Azadirachta indica, Melia... more
Indonesia memiliki keragaman hayati yang tinggi. Salah satunya yaitu keragaman tumbuhan yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai tumbuhan alternatif pengendalian hama. Barringtonia asiatica (Lecythidae), Azadirachta indica, Melia azaderach, dan Aglaia odorata (Meliaceae), merupakan tumbuhan yang mempunyai bioaktivitas terhadap berbagai organisme pengganggu tanaman meliputi serangga, nematoda, dan memiliki sifat anti jamur patogen tanaman. Setelah aktivitas insektisida suatu bahan tumbuhan diketahui, untuk penggunaannya diperlukan suatu bentuk formulasi yang disiapkan dengan pelarut organik guna memudahkan aplikasinya di lapangan dan untuk mengatasi jika ketersediaan bahan di suatu lokasi terbatas dan untuk mengatasi kelemahan penggunaan dengan pelarut air. Selain itu, pembuatan formulasi ini dapat meningkatkan penyimpanan, penanganan, keefektifan dan keamanan. Penggunaan senyawa insektisida yang berasal dari tumbuhan/nabati dimaksudkan untuk menghindari penggunaan insektisida sint...
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Hama wereng cokelat (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) telah lama menjadi masalah utama dalam budidaya padi di Indonesia dan beberapa negara Asia lainnya. Merakit tanaman yang memiliki ketahanan terhadap hama ini, dipandang sebagai pendekatan... more
Hama wereng cokelat (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) telah lama menjadi masalah utama dalam budidaya padi di Indonesia dan beberapa negara Asia lainnya. Merakit tanaman yang memiliki ketahanan terhadap hama ini, dipandang sebagai pendekatan yang lebih efektif dan ramah terhadap lingkungan dan manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh perbedaan pada karakter penting padi antara kultivar padi tahan dengan kultivar rentan wereng cokelat, selain itu juga untuk mendapatkan marka-marka SSR yang bisa digunakan untuk Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) dan hubungannya dengan karakter penting. Riset ini meliputi pengamatan karakter penting dan skrining delapan marka SSR yang diduga berkaitan dengan gen bph (ketahanan terhadap wereng cokelat) pada lima kultivar padi tetua yaitu PTB-33 (genotipe tahan), IR-64, Pandan Wangi, Ciherang, dan Sintanur. PTB-33 memiliki laju fotosintesis yang lebih tinggi (toleran), trikoma yang lebih panjang, dan kandungan protein yang lebih rendah dibandingkan kulti...
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Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), brown planthopper (BPH) is as a major pest of rice crop. Developing rice resistant to BPH is an economically and environmentally friendly approach. A transgenic rice line with DB1 (Dioscorea batatas tuber lectin... more
Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), brown planthopper (BPH) is as a major pest of rice crop. Developing rice resistant to BPH is an economically and environmentally friendly approach. A transgenic rice line with DB1 (Dioscorea batatas tuber lectin 1) transgene has been engineered to overcome the problem. The objective of the experiment was to obtain the level of resistance of a DB1 rice line (DB1-inserted cv. Taichung 65) and some rice genotypes against two colonies of BPH. Resistance study was performed in BPH’s preference, honeydew excretion, crop damage, and population development. The resistant test was carried out using two biotypes BPH i.e., biotype 2 (Sukamandi) and biotype 3 (North Sumatera). The result showed that DB1 transgenic rice was moderately resistant to biotype 2, while to be susceptible when invested to biotype 3, indicating that the DB1 gene increases the resistance level, from susceptible to moderately resistant. All tested genotypes were chosen by biotype 2 for laying eg...
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Penetitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh ekstrak metanol biji Barringtonia asiatica terhadap mortalitas, oviposisi, reproduksi, dan efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan Crocidolomia pavonana. Toksisitas ekstrak diuji menggunakan metode residu... more
Penetitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh ekstrak metanol biji Barringtonia asiatica terhadap mortalitas, oviposisi, reproduksi, dan efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan Crocidolomia pavonana. Toksisitas ekstrak diuji menggunakan metode residu daun sawi pakan pada konsentrasi 0,02%, 0,05%, 0,1%, 0,2%, 0,3% dan kontrol untuk memperoleh nilai LC50. Pengaruh ekstrak terhadap oviposisi dilakukan penyemprotan ekstrak pada daun tanaman sawi pada konsentrasi 0,66%, 0,73 0,96%. Pengaruh ekstrak terhadap fekunditas dilakukan dengan metode residu pada daun pakan larva pada konsentrasi 0,09%, 0,15%, dan 0,22%. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap fekunditas imago C. pavonana yang berkembang dari larva yang makan dan perlakuan. Pengaruh ekstrak terhadap efisiensi pemanfaatan makanan larva dilakukan dengan metode gravimetri dengan konsentrasi uji 0,08%, 0,14%, dan 0,21% penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol biji B. asiatica memperlihatkan aktivitas insektisida yang kuat dengan LC50, sebesar 0,15% ter...
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Ekstrak aktif tumbuhan Aglaia odorata efektif terhadap larva beberapa spesies serangga hama. Namun, perancangan dan potensi formulasinya belum pernah diteiiti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mempelajari aktivitas insektisida ekstrak A.... more
Ekstrak aktif tumbuhan Aglaia odorata efektif terhadap larva beberapa spesies serangga hama. Namun, perancangan dan potensi formulasinya belum pernah diteiiti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mempelajari aktivitas insektisida ekstrak A. Odorata yang telah dicampur senyawa/ekstrak ekstrak biji wijen yang diharapkan memiliki pengaruh sinergis, 2) mengevaluasi toksisitas formulasi insektisida ekstrak daun dan ranting A. odorata terhadap parasitoid serangga hama, 3) sifat fitotoksik formulasi ekstrak A. odorata yang telah dicampur senyawa/ekstrak tumbuhan lain pada tujuh bibit tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formulasi EC dan WP fraksi etil asetat ekstrak daun dan ranting A. odorata mempunyai stabilitas formulasi yang cukup balk. Formulasi EC dan WP fraksi etil asetat ekstrak daun dan ranting A. odorata efektif terhadap larva C. pavonana tetapi relatif aman terhadap parasitoid telur Trichogramma spp. dibanding insektisida sintetik berbahan aktif profenofos. Kemunculan imago...
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Plants are known to have various chemical compounds that have potential to be developed as insecticides. One of the potential plants to be developed as a source of insecticides is Barringtonia asiatica (Lecythidaceae). This research was... more
Plants are known to have various chemical compounds that have potential to be developed as insecticides. One of the potential plants to be developed as a source of insecticides is Barringtonia asiatica (Lecythidaceae). This research was conducted to determine toxicity of methanolic seed extract of Barringtonia asiatica to mortality and biological character of Spodoptera litura. The evaluation of toxicity was carried out using feeding method. Result of this research indicated that methanolic seed extract of B. asiatica had insecticidal activity with LC50 at concentration of 0.30% and LC90 at concentration of 0.80% in 13 days after treatment with LT50 at 4.8 days. In addition, methanolic seed extract of B. asiatica caused decrease of larval weight, tend to increase duration time of development, reduced leaf consumption and decrease of egg amount oviposited by female of S. litura.
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Azadirachta indica diketahui memiliki berbagai senyawa kimia yang berpotensi dikembangkan menjadi pestisida nabati dan Pinus merkusii memungkinkan memiliki manfaatkan sebagai pestisida nabati. Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mempelajari... more
Azadirachta indica diketahui memiliki berbagai senyawa kimia yang berpotensi dikembangkan menjadi pestisida nabati dan Pinus merkusii memungkinkan memiliki manfaatkan sebagai pestisida nabati. Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mempelajari toksisitas getah A. indica dan getah merkusii serta campuran keduanya telah diuji di Laboratorium Pestisida dan Teknik Aplikasi, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran. Penelitian berlangsung dari bula n Januari 2013 sampai April 2013. Penelitian mencakup uji toksisitas getah . indica dan getah P. rnerkusii secara tunggal, dan pengujian campuran getah A. indica dan getah P. merkusii berdasarkan pada perbandingan LC95. Pengujian menggunakan metode celup pakan yang diberikan pada larva instar I Spodopt era litura. Penganntan yang dilakukan adalah kematian, bobot serangga dan ken sumsi pakan serangga. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa getah A. indica menunjukan potensinya sebagai pestisida nabati yang toksik terh...
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Introductions In many areas, particularly in Asia, the oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) causes considerable fruit damage on various plants. The fruit fly causes significant economic losses every year due to reduced fruit... more
Introductions In many areas, particularly in Asia, the oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) causes considerable fruit damage on various plants. The fruit fly causes significant economic losses every year due to reduced fruit quantity and quality as well as export restrictions. This study aimed to examine the potency of minerals in controlling the oriental fruit fly infestation in chili fruits. Methods Experiments were conducted under laboratory and semi-field conditions using randomized block design. Ten minerals (i.e. kaolin, talc, zinc oxide, bentonite, sulfur, dolomite, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, and zeolite) and an untreated control were tested under laboratory conditions. Twenty chili fruits at a green stage were soaked in each mineral suspension (2%, w/v), air-dried, and placed in a trial cage (23-L plastic container) containing 20 female oriental fruit flies. In a semi-field bioassay using a screen cage (100 cm × 70 cm × 120 cm), 20 female...
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Botanical insecticide can reduce the negative impacts of using synthetic insecticide to the environment and human health. One of the potential plants to be developed as a source of ecologically friendly of insecticides is Melia azedarach... more
Botanical insecticide can reduce the negative impacts of using synthetic insecticide to the environment and human health. One of the potential plants to be developed as a source of ecologically friendly of insecticides is Melia azedarach (Meliaceae). Stem Borer is the major pest of rice crop in Indonesia and its control depend on synthetic insecticide. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of M. azedarach methanol seed extract on mortality and food consumption of Scirpophaga incertulas. The toxicity test in order to know its LC50 and LC95 value was conducted with experimental method by using Completely Randomized Design which consisted of six treatments and each treatment was replicated three times_ This research was evaluated against the third-instar larvae S. incertulas by dipping method on the pieces of paddy stem at concentration of 0.05%; 0.12%; 0.28%; 0.68%; 1.63% and control. Result of this research indicated that methanolic seed extract of M. azedarach had insecti...
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Spodoptera frugiperda merupakan hama baru pada pertanaman jagung di Indonesia. Serangga hama ini menyerang pada bagian daun dan juga titik tumbuh tanaman jagung. Petani umumnya menggunakan insektisida sintetik untuk mengendalikan S.... more
Spodoptera frugiperda merupakan hama baru pada pertanaman jagung di Indonesia. Serangga hama ini menyerang pada bagian daun dan juga titik tumbuh tanaman jagung. Petani umumnya menggunakan insektisida sintetik untuk mengendalikan S. frugiperda. Alternatif pengendalian lainnya yang lebih aman yaitu dengan menggunakan insektisida bahan alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh ukuran partikel mineral sulfur terhadap S. frugiperda. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode percobaan dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Perlakuan yang diuji yaitu lima ukuran partikel formulasi mineral sulfur (100, 200, 300, 400, dan 500 mesh) masing-masing pada konsentrasi 4%. Air dan wetting agent + dispersant agent masing-masing digunakan sebagai kontrol. Formulasi mineral diaplikasikan ke larva S. frugiperda dengan cara disemprotkan. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak empat kali. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pengaplikasian sulfur dengan ukuran mesh 500 (25 µm) dapat menyebabkan mortali...
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This study aims to monitor and determine the level of resistance of N. lugens to fenobucarb and imidacloprid, to analyse of the specific activities of asetylcholinesterase, Glutation S-Transferase, esterase, and to determine sensitivity... more
This study aims to monitor and determine the level of resistance of N. lugens to fenobucarb and imidacloprid, to analyse of the specific activities of asetylcholinesterase, Glutation S-Transferase, esterase, and to determine sensitivity of resistant N. lugens to the neem oil. Resistance tests were conducted on a field population from Cipunagara, Subang, West Java, Indonesia, and a standard population originating from Banyuwangi, East Java, that was obtained from the Indonesian Center for Rice Research. Synthetic and neem Insecticides were applied using the leaf-stem dipping method. The resistance ratio obtained by comparing the LC50 value of the field population with the standard. The test insects were considered to be resistant to synthetic insecticide if they had a resistance ratio (RR) of more than 4, indicated resistance if RR ≥1, and susceptible to neem if has RR <1. The results of the research showed that the N. lugens population of Cipunagara indicated resistance to fenobu...
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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important staple food in the world including Asia and Pacific. Millions of people around the world depend on rice due to the high calories and economic returns it provides. More than 100 species of... more
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important staple food in the world including Asia and Pacific. Millions of people around the world depend on rice due to the high calories and economic returns it provides. More than 100 species of insects including 20 economic pests are capable of causing notable damage to rice plants. Insect pests continue to pose threat to rice farming since rice plants serve as their host plants. Pests are major constraints to rice production and coexist with rice growth. Information on pest economic importance, description, biology, distribution, economic threshold level, population dynamics, monitoring and forecasting is a prerequisite. This review is focused on brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) which is an important economic rice pest that are prevalent in tropical rice growing regions. Brown planthopper (BPH) is a serious pest of rice and has tremendous impact especially in Asia-Pacific region. Understanding the biology and ecology of this pest wi...
Spodoptera frugiperda merupakan hama invasif yang menyebabkan kegagalan panen pada tanaman jagung. Salah satu alternatif pengendalian ramah lingkungan yang terus dikembangkan terhadap S. frugiperda yaitu pengendalian dengan insektisida... more
Spodoptera frugiperda merupakan hama invasif yang menyebabkan kegagalan panen pada tanaman jagung. Salah satu alternatif pengendalian ramah lingkungan yang terus dikembangkan terhadap S. frugiperda yaitu pengendalian dengan insektisida nabati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas sinergis campuran insektisida nabati minyak A. indica dan R. communis . Desain percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdiri dari minyak A. indica, R. communis , serta campurannya dengan lima taraf konsentrasi dan satu kontrol yang diulang empat kali. Pengujian menggunakan metode residu pakan pada larva instar II selama 48 jam, selanjutnya daun perlakuan diganti dengan pakan tanpa perlakuan hingga larva berkembang menjadi pupa. Hubungan konsentrasi minyak nabati dengan kematian serangga uji dianalisis menggunakan analisis probit, sedangkan peubah lainnya dianalisis dengan sidik ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan minyak A. indica, R. communis, serta campurannya bersifat toksik terhada...
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Aphis gossypii is one of the factors that reduce chili production which acts as a pest and virus vector. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of the application of neem cake water extract to A. gossypii on red chili plants.... more
Aphis gossypii is one of the factors that reduce chili production which acts as a pest and virus vector. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of the application of neem cake water extract to A. gossypii on red chili plants. This research consisted of 2 experimental stages, namely in the laboratory and the greenhouse trials. The experimental design in the laboratory used a completely randomized design of neem cake water extract with treatments is A (Control), B (0.3%), C (0.6%), D (1.2%), E (2.4%), F (4.8%). Each treatment replicate 4 times. Aplication of water neem cake extract by dipping method of chilli leaf. After the leaf feed air dried, then the leaf put into plastic box and invested with 10 nymph of A. gossypii. While the experiments in the greenhouse used a randomized block design of neem cake water extract treatments were A (Control), B (LC50), C (1.5xLC50), D (2xLC50), E (2.5xLC50), F (3xLC50). The concentration of neem extract in the greenhouse experiment bas...
Spodoptera litura Fabricus. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) merupakan salah satu hama yang penting dan bersifat polifag. Pengendalian S. litura masih mengandalkan insektisida sintetis. Akibat yang timbul dari penggunaan insektisida s i nt e t i... more
Spodoptera litura Fabricus. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) merupakan salah satu hama yang penting dan bersifat polifag. Pengendalian S. litura masih mengandalkan insektisida sintetis. Akibat yang timbul dari penggunaan insektisida s i nt e t i s diantaranya menimbulkan resistensi, resurgensi, dan munculnya hama sekunder. Akibat dari dampak negatif insektisida sintetis, maka diperlukan suatu insektisida alternatif yang relatif aman bagi lingkungan, salah satunya adalah Barringtonia asiatica L. (KURZ.) (Lecythidaceae). Untuk meningkatkan efektifitas senyawa tumbuhan adalah dengan melakukan pemisahan senyawa metabolit sekunder dengan proses fraksinasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bioaktivitas fraksi ekstrak metanol biji B. Asiatica terhadap S. litura. Percobaan menggunakan metode pelapisan pakan daun yang terdiri dari 12 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut adalah ekstrak metanol biji B. asiatica Fraksi 16, 17, 18, 19 dan 20 masing masing dengan konsentrasi 0,3% dan 0,1%...
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Research Interests:
This research was conducted to determine the resistance status of Crocidolomia pavonana to the synthetic insecticide profenofos and to know the toxicity of leaf extract of tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum ) against C. pavonana . The study used... more
This research was conducted to determine the resistance status of Crocidolomia pavonana to the synthetic insecticide profenofos and to know the toxicity of leaf extract of tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum ) against C. pavonana . The study used two bioassay methods, dry film and feeding assay. C. pavonana larvae was obtained from Sirnajaya, Karyamekar, and Padasuka village, Pasirwangi district, Garut, West Java, Indonesia. A standard susceptible strain of C. pavonana larvae (more than 20 generation in the laboratory) was used as comparison. The results of this study showed that C. pavonana from all villages (Karyamekar, Sirnajaya, Padasuka) indicating slight resistance (1 < RR ≤ 5) to profenofos with Resistance Ratio (RR) values of 1.04, 1.65, and 1.20, respectively (dry film method) and 1.23, 1.86, and 1.42 (feeding assay). These results suggest that the resistance mechanism of C. pavonana in these populations occur mainly in the insect alimentary canal. On the other hand, the field p...