Pro-poor policy has been the mantra for poverty eradication. However, “pro-smallholder development” policy may hold the key to equitable and sustainable growth in the agriculture and rural sectors where the majority of the poor are. In... more
Pro-poor policy has been the mantra for poverty eradication. However, “pro-smallholder development” policy may hold the key to equitable and sustainable growth in the agriculture and rural sectors where the majority of the poor are. In the era of biases towards large scale farming and agribusinesses, “small farms” are seen as not holding economic sense anymore. Big is perceived as strong, competitive, and offers the advantages of economies of scale, all of which are lacking in small farms.
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Fish marketing was comprehensively studied in Peninsular (or West) Malaysia during 1983-85. A simpler study has been designed to be carried out in Sri Lanka in 1986-87. The objectives, methodology conduct and findings of the Malaysia... more
Fish marketing was comprehensively studied in Peninsular (or West) Malaysia during 1983-85. A simpler study has been designed to be carried out in Sri Lanka in 1986-87. The objectives, methodology conduct and findings of the Malaysia study are explained. A range of related issues, which did not arise directly from field research are discussed. To provide comprehensive profiles of key dimensions and characteristics at all level of particular marketing chains, a series of model-industry organization charts is proposed for future product-marketing studies. The proposed dimensions include volume produced, imported and exported; seasonal and lunar cycles; species mix; trade participants; prices; costs and margins; product usage; postharvest losses in volume and quality; and changes in the form of the products). Suggestions are offered concerning the design conduct, and control of studies of the marketing of fish and agricultural products in developing and developed countries.
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This paper examines the palm oil import demand in European countries, specifically, Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom with a special focus on the impact of biodiesel development in these countries. The paper... more
This paper examines the palm oil import demand in European countries, specifically, Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom with a special focus on the impact of biodiesel development in these countries. The paper uses annual data to investigate the palm oil import demand in selected European countries, namely, Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom; jointly, accounting for more than 70% of the biodiesel production in EU27. Six single equation models are specified to represent palm oil import demand functions in those countries. The models have been estimated using the augmented autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) technique. The findings of the study reveal that rapeseed and sunflower oils are the main substitutes for the palm oil in Europe. The palm oil price came out to be a major determinant of palm oil demand across the six models. It is also found that the industrial production index is an important factor affecting the demand in the all studied countries. The palm oil import demand in Austria, UK, and Germany is significantly, influenced by the start of the commercial production of biodiesel whilst the demand in France, and Spain was boosted by the introduction of the EU’s directive on the promotion of the use of bio-fuels for transport. However, neither of them produced a significant impact on the demand in Italy that is significantly affected by the development in technology represented by an upward trend.
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Spices are strongly aromatic (and often pungent) vegetable materials, many of which originate in tropical and semi-tropical regions. Spices are normally added in small quantity into food to impact their own characteristics flavor and also... more
Spices are strongly aromatic (and often pungent) vegetable materials, many of which originate in tropical and semi-tropical regions. Spices are normally added in small quantity into food to impact their own characteristics flavor and also enchance the natural flavor of food itself. ...
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Malaysia targets biodiesel as a renewable energy source to achieve its low carbon economy. This paper examines biodiesel and crude palm oil productions in Malaysia using a system dynamics approach. It aims to develop a model for the... more
Malaysia targets biodiesel as a renewable energy source to achieve its low carbon economy. This paper examines biodiesel and crude palm oil productions in Malaysia using a system dynamics approach. It aims to develop a model for the Malaysian biodiesel industry by capturing the relationship between major elements in the system such as supply, demand, inventory and price. The system dynamics approach is used as it enables one to capture feedback relationships, non-linearity, and delay in commodity markets including palm oil. The model has been simulated for 44 years, from 1982 to 2025 and the results indicate that crude palm oil demand for biodiesel will double requiring better strategy and policies to manage the stock and production of palm oil. Given biodiesel production in Malaysia is largely dependent on palm oil, Malaysia needs policies for development strategies of biodiesel production for coming years to meet its increasing demand.
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A univariate ARIMA model methodology was utilised to forecast the short-run monthly price of dry cocoa beans. The appropriate model for forecasting was found to be (2, 1, 2) (1, 1, 1) 12. This model indicates that the original cocoa price... more
A univariate ARIMA model methodology was utilised to forecast the short-run monthly price of dry cocoa beans. The appropriate model for forecasting was found to be (2, 1, 2) (1, 1, 1) 12. This model indicates that the original cocoa price series is non stationary and contains some elements of multiplicity; hence inheriting both autoregressive and moving average processes.
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Abstract The palm oil import demand in selected Middle East and North African (MENA) countries, represented by 10 single equation models, have been analysed through utilizing the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique. The... more
Abstract The palm oil import demand in selected Middle East and North African (MENA) countries, represented by 10 single equation models, have been analysed through utilizing the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique. The findings of the study show that the palm oil prices as well as the national income are significant determinants of palm oil demand across the 10 models. The prices of substitute oils in almost all countries have been found to play an important role in shaping the palm oil demand. Other factors such as high ...
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... where APit = price changes at market level i (eg, farm) APOSjt = positive price changes from the previous period at mar-ket j (eg, wholesale) and zero otherwise ANEGjt = negative price changes from the previous period at mar-ket j... more
... where APit = price changes at market level i (eg, farm) APOSjt = positive price changes from the previous period at mar-ket j (eg, wholesale) and zero otherwise ANEGjt = negative price changes from the previous period at mar-ket j (eg, wholesale) and zero ... Page 7. Mohamed. ...
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Research Interests: Business and Agriculture
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Research Interests: Biology and Paddy Field
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Research Interests: Business and Agriculture
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This study is conducted to analyze the factors affecting the paddy industry in Malaysia. The findings indicate that on the supply side, the estimated result shows that fertilizer subsidy and technology are important determinants in... more
This study is conducted to analyze the factors affecting the paddy industry in Malaysia. The findings indicate that on the supply side, the estimated result shows that fertilizer subsidy and technology are important determinants in estimating paddy yield. Fertilizer subsidy and technology should be focused as one of the key issues in paddy is low yield. Meanwhile, on the demand side, price elasticity of demand is inelastic. This shows that consumers are not responsive to change in price of rice. On the other hand, income elasticities show rice is inferior good.
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A study was conducted to analyze the factors affecting the tobacco industry in Malaysia. Tobacco farmers were found to be more concerned with the changes in input particularly, fertilizer. Both incentive scheme for tobacco fertilizer and... more
A study was conducted to analyze the factors affecting the tobacco industry in Malaysia. Tobacco farmers were found to be more concerned with the changes in input particularly, fertilizer. Both incentive scheme for tobacco fertilizer and fertilizer price show significant impact on the area planted as both factors will affect the cost of production. Another significant determinant on supply side is tobacco farm price. Higher price will attract tobacco farmers to be more productive and this will lead to higher yield. On the demand side, the price of cigarette is significant in explaining the changes in tobacco domestic demand. As cigarette price increases, firms will be sensitive towards the price increase and this will reduce the quantity of tobacco consumed by the manufacturers. Lastly, the result shows that import demand for tobacco is income elastic.