- Dr. V. S. Krishna Govt. Degree College, Visakhapatnam
- 09010705687
- Dr. K. Rama Rao M. Sc (Zoo), M. Sc (Psy), M.Ed., Ph.D., PDF. D. Litt (Hon)Asst. Professor of Zoology, State Best Tea... moreDr. K. Rama Rao M. Sc (Zoo), M. Sc (Psy), M.Ed., Ph.D., PDF. D. Litt (Hon)Asst. Professor of Zoology, State Best Teacher Awardee 2018 & 2022, Dr. V. S. Krishna Govt. Degree & PG College (A), Andhra Pradeshedit
The present study found 60 fish species belonging to 20 orders, 38 families, and 54 genera in the Gosthani estuary between May 2023 and April 2024. The fishes were brought to the lab and placed in glass jars before being preserved in a... more
The present study found 60 fish species belonging to 20 orders, 38 families, and 54 genera in the Gosthani estuary between May 2023 and April 2024. The fishes were brought to the lab and placed in glass jars before being preserved in a 9-10% formalin solution. The fish were identified at the species level using keys specific to the Indian subcontinent fish. Perciformes accounted for 35% of highest was observed in the total population. The recorded piscine species was met by the following orders: Clupeiformes (10%), Siluriformes (83.3%), Beloniformes, Tetraodontiformes, and Cypriniformes (each with 5.00%). Anguilliformes, Carangiformes, Mugiliformes, Cichiliformes, and Scombriformes each had 3.33%, while Anabantiformes, Moroniformes, Acanthuriformes,
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Abstract: Penaeus monodon shrimps were collected by cast nets, put into large buckets and immediately brought to the laboratory, and kept in aquaria. The shrimps were fed with artificial and formulated feed and kept at a salinity of 25... more
Abstract: Penaeus monodon shrimps were collected by cast nets, put into large buckets and immediately brought to
the laboratory, and kept in aquaria. The shrimps were fed with artificial and formulated feed and kept at a salinity of
25 ppt at room temperature (27-28°C). The shrimps were acclimatized for about 7 days. Experiments were
conducted, when the shrimp were kept in 1 ppt to 45 ppt. The shrimp were transferred from the aquaria to the
respiratory chamber, which was kept in the B.O.D. incubator at ambient temperature (28°C). The shrimp were kept
in higher saline waters, especially at 40 ppt and 45 ppt, the antennal scales, the branchiostegite region of the
carapace, and the uropods got swollen. A cross section of this swollen region has shown hemolymph agglutination
and coagulation inside the body. This is certainly due to an osmotic imbalance, which has an impact on the sudden
changes of salinities in the shrimps. Pearson's correlation coefficient compares the strength and direction of an
association between body weight and consumed oxygen at various salinities to the R value strong +ve (0.98-0.99)
and <0.00001 significant level at p <0.05. One Way ANOVA test, the difference between the averages oxygen
consumption of some groups are big enough to be statistically significant.
the laboratory, and kept in aquaria. The shrimps were fed with artificial and formulated feed and kept at a salinity of
25 ppt at room temperature (27-28°C). The shrimps were acclimatized for about 7 days. Experiments were
conducted, when the shrimp were kept in 1 ppt to 45 ppt. The shrimp were transferred from the aquaria to the
respiratory chamber, which was kept in the B.O.D. incubator at ambient temperature (28°C). The shrimp were kept
in higher saline waters, especially at 40 ppt and 45 ppt, the antennal scales, the branchiostegite region of the
carapace, and the uropods got swollen. A cross section of this swollen region has shown hemolymph agglutination
and coagulation inside the body. This is certainly due to an osmotic imbalance, which has an impact on the sudden
changes of salinities in the shrimps. Pearson's correlation coefficient compares the strength and direction of an
association between body weight and consumed oxygen at various salinities to the R value strong +ve (0.98-0.99)
and <0.00001 significant level at p <0.05. One Way ANOVA test, the difference between the averages oxygen
consumption of some groups are big enough to be statistically significant.
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The results of the present investigation revealed that the occurrence of 13 species belonging to class bivalvia were dominant taxa in the Gosthani estuary. Out of 13 species 6 orders, 8 families, and 11 genera were observed from April... more
The results of the present investigation revealed that the occurrence of 13 species belonging to class bivalvia were dominant taxa in the Gosthani estuary. Out of 13 species 6 orders, 8 families, and 11 genera were observed from April 2023 to March 2024. The samples were obtained by
handpicking, digging, and trawling with bare feet by fisher community. A field survey was conducted to collect data on mollusc species, stocks, distribution, and marketing. The bivalves were collected from the bycatch for identification, mostly based on shell morphology, hinge, interlocking dentition, etc., with reference to the standard literature In this present study data was collected and analysed from fishermen community and traders. The Crassostrea madrasensis was more dominant availability species, its contributes to highest collection 5.867 T/ year and 2.78T in Apr-23, followed by Meretrix casta 2.78 T Meretrix meretrix 1.18 T, Anadara rhombea 0.87, Tegillarca granosa 0.759 and followed by other species. According to IUCN status 13 species contributed to 53.84% are not evaluated (NE), followed by data deficient (DD) with 30.76%, and least concerned 15.38%. The monthly available bivalves at Gosthani estuary the data was comparison for abundance. The difference between the sample averages of all groups is not big enough to be statistically significant. The results of ANOVA for p-value of 0.97 indicate significant support for H0. The p-value equals to 0.231 indicates a greater support for H0.
handpicking, digging, and trawling with bare feet by fisher community. A field survey was conducted to collect data on mollusc species, stocks, distribution, and marketing. The bivalves were collected from the bycatch for identification, mostly based on shell morphology, hinge, interlocking dentition, etc., with reference to the standard literature In this present study data was collected and analysed from fishermen community and traders. The Crassostrea madrasensis was more dominant availability species, its contributes to highest collection 5.867 T/ year and 2.78T in Apr-23, followed by Meretrix casta 2.78 T Meretrix meretrix 1.18 T, Anadara rhombea 0.87, Tegillarca granosa 0.759 and followed by other species. According to IUCN status 13 species contributed to 53.84% are not evaluated (NE), followed by data deficient (DD) with 30.76%, and least concerned 15.38%. The monthly available bivalves at Gosthani estuary the data was comparison for abundance. The difference between the sample averages of all groups is not big enough to be statistically significant. The results of ANOVA for p-value of 0.97 indicate significant support for H0. The p-value equals to 0.231 indicates a greater support for H0.
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The ichthyofaunal investigation revealed that the occurrence of 59 fish species belonging to 11 orders, 23 families, and 39 genera observed Feb 2022 to Jan 2023 at Hiramandalam Reservoir. These fish were transferred to the lab, fixed in... more
The ichthyofaunal investigation revealed that the occurrence of 59 fish species belonging to 11 orders, 23 families, and 39 genera observed Feb 2022 to Jan 2023 at Hiramandalam Reservoir. These fish were transferred to the lab, fixed in glass jars, and then preserved in a 9-10% formalin solution. The fish were identified based on morphometric traits, meristic counts, and descriptive attributes. The fish were identified to the species level using keys for Indian subcontinent fishes. Five of the 59 species are alien. Order cypriniformes was dominant with 24 species which contributed to 40.67% of the total species followed by Siluriformes 12 (20.33%), Anabantiformes 6 (10.16%), Cichliformes with 4 (6.77%), Synbranchiformes 3 (5.08), Anguilliformes. Beloiniformes, Gobiiformes, and Perciformes each with 02 (3.38%), Osteoglossiforme and Cyprinodontiformes each with 1 (1.69%). Recorded families out of 23, Siluriformes 06 (26.08%), Cypriniformes 05
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Meghadrigedda reservoir is located in the Gajuwaka municipality of Visakhapatam district in Andhra Pradesh, India. The research was conducted at six distinct sites in the reservoir catchment region from April 2023 to March 2024,... more
Meghadrigedda reservoir is located in the Gajuwaka municipality of Visakhapatam district in Andhra Pradesh, India. The research was conducted at six distinct sites in the reservoir catchment region from April 2023 to March 2024, throughout pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon periods. The current analysis indicated the presence of 52 weed species belonging to twenty orders, 33 families, and four classes. The present investigation compiled a list of hydrophytes, including their
class, order, family, genus, species, and common name. The mentioned species under free floating, submerged species, and emergent weeds were found mostly around the mouths of the reservoir's main tributaries, in shallow areas with depths of about 7 feet. Among the 21 orders of aquatic weeds recorded, emergent weeds accounted for 52.38% (11 species), followed by submerged weeds 42.85% (09) and free floating weeds 21.81%. In 30 families, emergent weeds accounted for the most (66.66%), followed by submerged weeds (30.00%) and free floating weeds (20.00%).
Emergent weeds dominate with 36 species, accounting for 69.23% of the total species, followed by submerged weeds with 10 (19.23%) and free floating weeds with 6 (11.53%). According to the IUCN (2014), there are 52 different species of hydrophytes. The status of these 42 aquatic weed species is least worried; 9 are not evaluated (NE), and one species is vulnerable (VU). The common name,
class, order, family, genus, species, and common name. The mentioned species under free floating, submerged species, and emergent weeds were found mostly around the mouths of the reservoir's main tributaries, in shallow areas with depths of about 7 feet. Among the 21 orders of aquatic weeds recorded, emergent weeds accounted for 52.38% (11 species), followed by submerged weeds 42.85% (09) and free floating weeds 21.81%. In 30 families, emergent weeds accounted for the most (66.66%), followed by submerged weeds (30.00%) and free floating weeds (20.00%).
Emergent weeds dominate with 36 species, accounting for 69.23% of the total species, followed by submerged weeds with 10 (19.23%) and free floating weeds with 6 (11.53%). According to the IUCN (2014), there are 52 different species of hydrophytes. The status of these 42 aquatic weed species is least worried; 9 are not evaluated (NE), and one species is vulnerable (VU). The common name,
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The study was designed to examine the taxonomy and assortment of fish species in the Gosthani River in Andhra Pradesh from April 2023 to March 2024. A total of 47 fish species were documented at the two landing sites of Gosthani River.... more
The study was designed to examine the taxonomy and assortment of fish species in the Gosthani River in Andhra Pradesh from April 2023 to March 2024. A total of 47 fish species were documented at the two landing sites of Gosthani River. The fish samples were carefully cleansed, and photos were taken on location. These fish were fixed in glass jars and kept in a 10% formalin solution. Following that, the samples were identified up to the species level using classical taxonomic techniques. Order Cypriniformes was observed to have the highest contribution to the species diversity: 15.78% families, 38.23% genera, and 40.42% species, followed by Siluriformes (26.31% families, 17.64% genera, and 21.73% species); Beloiniformes (10.52% family, 5.88% genera, and 4.25% species); Cichliformes (1 family, 3 genera and 3 species); Perciformes and Synbranchiformes (1 family, 2 genera and 2 species); Anguilliformes (1 family, 1 genera and 2
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The present study elucidates the ichthyofaunal diversity of Kalingapatnam estuary in the North- east coast of Andhra Pradesh, India. A detailed analysis of piscine diversity revealed a total of 97 species of fresh water, estuary and... more
The present study elucidates the ichthyofaunal diversity of Kalingapatnam estuary in the North- east coast of Andhra Pradesh, India. A detailed analysis of piscine diversity revealed a total of 97 species of fresh water, estuary and marine fish belonging to 26 orders, 53 families, and 85 genera, collected three landing locations for the first time. In the present investigation, recorded genera out of 85, the homogeneous percentage was observed of Perciformes and Siluriformes had the highest with 11.76%, followed by Acanthuriformes, Cypriniformes 9.41%, Clupeiformes 8.23%, Carangiformes 4.70%, Beloniformes, Canthuriformes, Cichliformes, Spariformes, Tetraodontiformes 3.52%, Carcharhiniformes, Anabantiformes, Centrarchiformes, Gobiiformes, Mugiliformes, Mulliformes, Scombriformes, Synbranchiformes each with 2.35%. Anguilliformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Elopiformes, Gonorynchiformes, Istiophoriformes, Kurtiformes and Osteoglossiformes each with 1.17%. The habitation of fishes were primarily benthic/ demersal, with contributing to 40.20%, followed by benthopelagic 28.86%, pelagic and reef-associated fish 15.46% in this estuary. The omnivores have a highest percentage of 50.98%, followed by the carnivorous 25.49%, and the herbivorous18.36%. According to IUCN (2023) status the ichthyofaunal diversity were recorded in the current investigation.
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The Study of Ichthyofaunal Diversity observed in Peddagadda Reservoir from June 2021 to May 2022. The study results revealed that the occurrence of forty one species belongs to seven orders, 17 families, and 27 genera, including three... more
The Study of Ichthyofaunal Diversity observed in Peddagadda Reservoir from June 2021 to May 2022. The study results revealed that the occurrence of forty one species belongs to seven orders, 17 families, and 27 genera, including three exotic species. The order Cypriniformes accounted for 46.34% of all species, followed by Siluriformes (21.95%), Perciformes (17.07%), Channiformes (7.31%), Osteoglossiformes (2.43%), and Anguilliformes (2.43%). According to the IUCN, 82.93% of species are classified as least concern (LC), while 9.75% are classified as near threatened (NT), not evaluated (NE), data deficient (DD), and vulnerable (VU). The Shannon-Wiener diversity index of fish species in Peddagadda Reservoir was higher in the post-monsoon and monsoon seasons. The number and composition of population status and CAMP status have been thoroughly studied. Derelict fishing is being observed and raised awareness among fisher flocks.
Research Interests: Fisheries and Aquaculture
Experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of salinity on the oxygen consumption and metabolic rate of Penaeus monodon of varying body mass. In the present study, the shrimps were exposed to salinities from 0 to 45 ppt. The... more
Experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of salinity on the oxygen consumption and metabolic rate of Penaeus monodon of varying body mass. In the present study, the shrimps were exposed to salinities from 0 to 45 ppt. The adults were not very comfortable with sudden increasing salinities at all the temperatures studied. The percentage increase in the metabolic rate of juvenile shrimp is about 37% at 25°C and 12% at 30°C with increasing salinity from 1 to 45 ppt. In the subadults, the percentage increase in metabolic rate further decreased with increasing salinity. The significant observation made at temperatures (15-20°C) is that there is not much variation in the oxygen consumption and metabolic rate with increasing salinities (10 ppt) and that the variation in
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The current study identified the presence of 51 fish species, including six exotic species from 12 orders, 18 families, and 28 genera, collected four landing locations from October 2021 to September 2023 in the Madduvalasa reservoir.... more
The current study identified the presence of 51 fish species, including six exotic species from 12 orders, 18 families, and 28 genera, collected four landing locations from October 2021 to September 2023 in the Madduvalasa reservoir. Order Cypriniformes was dominant with 23 species, which contributed to 45.09% of the total species, followed by Siluriformes 11 (27.77%), Channiformes 3 (7.84%), Anguilliformes, Synbranchiformes and Cichliformes each with 2 (3.92%), Osteoglossiformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Beloiniformes, Gobiiformes, Anabantiformes, and Ovalentaria each with 01 (1.96%). The fish species in the current study, the omnivores have a highest with 50.98%, followed by the carnivorous 25.49%, and the herbivorous 18.36%. The
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The samples of wild fish seeds collected from the Kalingapatnam estuary throughout the study period from February 2022 to August 2023. In the present study the samples collected various seasons and measured the average minimum length... more
The samples of wild fish seeds collected from the Kalingapatnam estuary throughout the study period from February 2022 to August 2023. In the present study the samples collected various seasons and measured the average minimum length ranged from 1.4±0.14 cm to 1.9±0.25 cm, the maximum length range was 2.4±0.14 cm to 3.5±0.27 cm and the mean value is 2.1-2.9 cms for Mugil spp. The average minimum length ranged from 1.2±0.09 cm to 1.6±0.12 cm, the maximum length range was 1.8±0.07 cms to 3.0±0.117 cms and the mean value is 1.5-2.8 cms for Liza spp.
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The ichthyofaunal results of the present study revealed that the occurrence of 41 fish species belonging to 11 orders, 18 families, and 30 genera observed June 2021 to May 2023 at various landing stations. During the study period order... more
The ichthyofaunal results of the present study revealed that the occurrence of 41 fish species belonging to 11 orders, 18 families, and 30 genera observed June 2021 to May 2023 at various landing stations. During the study period order cypriniformes was dominant with 17 species which contributed to 41.46% of the total species followed by Siluriformes 10 (24.39%), Channiformes 3 (7.31%), Anabantiformes, Synbranchiformes and Perciformes each 2 (4.87%), Anguilliformes, Osteoglossiforme, Cyprinodontiformes, Gobiiformes, and Cichliformes each with 01 (2.43%). In the present investigation omnivores fishes were highest to 48.78%, followed by carnivorous 31.71% and herbivorous represents to 19.51%. The number and Percentage composition of Population Status is 22 species were common which contributed to 53.65%, 12 species were Abundant which contributed to 29.26%, 3 species are moderate which contributed to 7.31% and 4 species were moderate which contributed to 9.75% in the total catch. IUCN-2023 status 35 species contributed to highest with 85.36% are least concern (LC) were observed the Jhanjhavathi Rubber Dam.
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A great deal has been spoken and debated about the characteristics of effective teaching and learning at college or universities. Much more focus has been paid to attributes of a good teacher than to the leaner today. Though there are... more
A great deal has been spoken and debated about the characteristics of effective teaching and learning at college or universities. Much more focus has been paid to attributes of a good teacher than to the leaner today. Though there are many conferences and seminars deliberating on this important issue which affected thousands of learners across the globe in terms of diversity, need and adequacy, yet it is still less. Many approaches like cooperative learning, self directed learning, student centric learning and teacher’s style have to be worked upon in depth to offer the advantage to the learner. It is undoubtedly a complicated matter, there is no indication of one best way to demand holistic understanding of the context and the learner’s needs and challenges.
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Kalinga Dal reservoir fish faunal diversity was studied two consequent years from February-2016 to January-2018. Samples were collected bimonthly with help of local fishermen by using fishing craft and gear. A total of 57 species of... more
Kalinga Dal reservoir fish faunal diversity was studied two consequent years from February-2016 to January-2018. Samples were collected bimonthly with help of local fishermen by using fishing craft and gear. A total of 57 species of fishes belonging to seven orders such as Cypriniformes dominated with 47.37% followed by Perciformes 21.05%, Siluriformes 17.54%, Channiformes 7.02%, Angulliformes 3.51%, Cyprinodontiformes and Osteoglossiformes each contributed with 1.75%. The number and percentage composition of population status were calculated to 31.58% common, 24.56% moderate, 22.81% abundant and 20.34% rare species were identified in the Kalinga Dal reservoir. According to IUCN (2017-3) 82.47% species of fish were least concerned (LC), 7.02% near threatened, 5.26% not evaluate (NE), 1.75% data deficient (DD), endangered (ED) and vulnerable (VU).
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BSTRACT To understand the overall changes in spawning, fecundity, length at first maturity and sex ratio of the species Saurida tumbil and Saurida undosquamis inhabiting along North West coast of Indian EEZ were studied during 2010 to... more
BSTRACT
To understand the overall changes in spawning, fecundity, length at first maturity and sex ratio of the species Saurida tumbil and Saurida undosquamis inhabiting along North West coast of Indian EEZ were studied during 2010 to 2014. In both the species, the spawning season is single but prolonged, extending from June to March in case of Saurida tumbil whereas in S. undosquamis, it is observed during September to May. Length at first maturity in S. tumbil was between 29-31 cm and in S. undosquamis, 25-27 cm. Male to female sex ratio was found to be 1:0.7 in both the species. Maximum fecundity of 85,359 ova was observed in S. tumbil at the length of 44.6 cm and of S. undosquamis 11,395 ova in 41 cm fish. The peak GSI values were obtained in the month of November (3.83) for S. tumbil and for S. undosquamis in October (4.38).
Key words: Spawning, Fecundity, Length at first maturity, Sex ratio, Gonado-somatic Index
(GSI)
To understand the overall changes in spawning, fecundity, length at first maturity and sex ratio of the species Saurida tumbil and Saurida undosquamis inhabiting along North West coast of Indian EEZ were studied during 2010 to 2014. In both the species, the spawning season is single but prolonged, extending from June to March in case of Saurida tumbil whereas in S. undosquamis, it is observed during September to May. Length at first maturity in S. tumbil was between 29-31 cm and in S. undosquamis, 25-27 cm. Male to female sex ratio was found to be 1:0.7 in both the species. Maximum fecundity of 85,359 ova was observed in S. tumbil at the length of 44.6 cm and of S. undosquamis 11,395 ova in 41 cm fish. The peak GSI values were obtained in the month of November (3.83) for S. tumbil and for S. undosquamis in October (4.38).
Key words: Spawning, Fecundity, Length at first maturity, Sex ratio, Gonado-somatic Index
(GSI)
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Fish faunal diversity in the four larger freshwater tanks at Jammikunta mandal was studied from October-2016 to September-2017. A total of 56 species of fishes belonging to 9 orders such as Cypriniformes (27 species) Siluriformes... more
Fish faunal diversity in the four larger freshwater tanks at Jammikunta mandal was studied from October-2016 to September-2017. A total of 56 species of fishes belonging to 9 orders such as Cypriniformes (27 species) Siluriformes (13species), Perciformes (14 species), Channiformes (4 species) Beloniformes(2 species), Angulliformes (2 species) Osteoglossiformes (one species) and Mogiliformes(one species). The number and percentage composition of population status was calculated to 32.81% common, 29.69% abundant, 21.86% moderate, and 15.63% rare species were identified in the freshwater tanks. According to IUCN (2017-2) status 82.14% species are least concerned (LC), 3.57% are data deficient (DD), not evaluate (NE) and endangered (EN), and 1.78% species of fish is vulnerable (VU). CAMP (1998) status revealed that 35.71% not evaluate (NE) and Lower risk near threatened (LRnt), 14.29% vulnerable (VU), 8.93% data deficient (DD), 3.57% endangered (EN), 1.78% Lower risk least concern (LRlc).
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Four Important neritic tunas viz. Thunnus tonggol (Longtail tuna), Euthynnus affinis (Little tuna/Kawakawa), Auxis thazard (Frigate tuna) and Auxis rochei (Bullet tuna) were chosen for evaluating the proximate composition and their... more
Four Important neritic tunas viz. Thunnus tonggol (Longtail tuna), Euthynnus affinis (Little tuna/Kawakawa), Auxis thazard (Frigate tuna) and Auxis rochei (Bullet tuna) were chosen for evaluating the proximate composition and their nutritive value/ Caloric values occurring along North Percentage of moisture content in these species observed was 71%, 72%, 70% and 74.3% respectively. The de tonggol and A. thazard (23%) whereas, in case of E. affinis and A. rochei it was between 21 Glycogen value observed to be 0.4% for T. to and A. rochei. The Ash content range among the four species was between 1.2 The range of total Caloric values derived was between 1.49 contributed by neritic tunas to the diet of coas during 2015 (69x10
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Abstract Ichthyofaunal diversity in the Sunamudi Gedda was recorded from July-2016 to June-2017. A total of 39 species of fishes belonging to 15families, 7 orders and 25 genera such as Cypriniformes 20 species,Perciformes 7 species,... more
Abstract
Ichthyofaunal diversity in the Sunamudi Gedda was recorded from July-2016 to June-2017.
A total of 39 species of fishes belonging to 15families, 7 orders and 25 genera such as
Cypriniformes 20 species,Perciformes 7 species, Siluriformes 6species, Channiformes 3
species,Cyprinodontiformes, Angulliformes and Osteoglossiformes each with one species.
The number and percentage composition of families,genera and species, order cypriniformes
was dominant with 51.28% of the total species followed by Perciformes 17.95%, Siluriformes
15.39%,Channiformes 7.69%, Cyprinodontiformes, Osteoglossiformes and Anguilliformes
each 2.56%. Recorded families out of 15, Perciformes 46.67%, followed by Siluriformes
26.67%, Cypiniformies 13.30%, Osteoglossiformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Anguilliformes and
Channiformes each with 06.67%. Recorded genera out of 25, Cypiniformies contributed 11
(44.00%) species followed by Perciformes 06 (24.00%), Siluriformes 04 (16.00%),
Osteoglossiformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Anguilliformes and Channiformes each with 01
(4.00%). The number and Percentage composition of Population Status, IUCN (2017.1),
CAMP (1998) status and Shannon-Weiner diversity for different months were calculated.
Ichthyofaunal diversity in the Sunamudi Gedda was recorded from July-2016 to June-2017.
A total of 39 species of fishes belonging to 15families, 7 orders and 25 genera such as
Cypriniformes 20 species,Perciformes 7 species, Siluriformes 6species, Channiformes 3
species,Cyprinodontiformes, Angulliformes and Osteoglossiformes each with one species.
The number and percentage composition of families,genera and species, order cypriniformes
was dominant with 51.28% of the total species followed by Perciformes 17.95%, Siluriformes
15.39%,Channiformes 7.69%, Cyprinodontiformes, Osteoglossiformes and Anguilliformes
each 2.56%. Recorded families out of 15, Perciformes 46.67%, followed by Siluriformes
26.67%, Cypiniformies 13.30%, Osteoglossiformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Anguilliformes and
Channiformes each with 06.67%. Recorded genera out of 25, Cypiniformies contributed 11
(44.00%) species followed by Perciformes 06 (24.00%), Siluriformes 04 (16.00%),
Osteoglossiformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Anguilliformes and Channiformes each with 01
(4.00%). The number and Percentage composition of Population Status, IUCN (2017.1),
CAMP (1998) status and Shannon-Weiner diversity for different months were calculated.
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A comparative study on the food and feeding habits of Xenentodon cancila and Hyporhamphus gaimardi from Lower Manair Dam revealed that the feeding habits were studied for a period of one year from August, 2015 to July, 2016. Both fishes... more
A comparative study on the food and feeding habits of Xenentodon cancila and Hyporhamphus gaimardi from Lower Manair Dam revealed that the feeding habits were studied for a period of one year from August, 2015 to July, 2016. Both fishes feed on animal and plant origin food materials. The food and feeding habit of the freshwater fishes has revealed that X. cancila and H. gaimardi are carnivorous and herbivorous habitats. The main food organism contributes of the vertebrates 35.56%, plant materials 13.81%, fish remains 11.70%, crustaceans/ insect parts 9.96% in X. Cancila. H. gaimardi major feed is plant materials 25.94%, crustaceans/ insect parts were 8.85%, fish remains 6.18%, vertebrates 4.10% in frequency of occurrence method. In numerical method it reveals that the highest food organisms are vertebrates 43.46%, lowest food organisms crustaceans/insect parts 12.18% in X. Cancila. H. gaimardi has contributes highest food organisms are plant materials 54.86% and lowest of vertebrates food organisms 8.67%. Keywords: food and feeding habits, food organisms, vertebrates, plant materials frequency of occurrence method, numerical method 1. Introduction Fishes have been reported to be the most important food item among other materials like insects, planktons, snails, detritus, fish remains, algae and macrophytes [1-2]. Studies on natural feeding of fish could provide useful information on the trophic relationships in aquatic ecosystems [3] , which could be used in formulating management strategy options in a multi species fishery. Pius and Benedicta [4] reported that the use of stomach content in reducing intra and inter specific competition for ecological niche. Feeding frequency can be estimated from the total time required to complete gastric evacuation and the proportion of empty stomachs in a sample [5]. The study of the feeding habits of fish and other animals based upon analysis of stomach content has become standard practice [6]. Stomach content analysis provides important insight into fish feeding patterns and quantitative assessment of food habits is an important aspect of fisheries management. Lagler [7] pointed out that the gut contents only indicate what the fish would feed on. Accurate description of fish diets and feeding habits also provides the basis for understanding trophic interactions in aquatic food webs. Diets of fishes represent an integration of many important ecological components that included behavior, condition, habitat use, energy intake and inter/intra specific interactions. A food habit study might be conducted to determine the most frequently consumed prey or to determine the relative importance of different food types to fish nutrition and to quantify the consumption rate of individual prey types. Each of these questions requires information on fish diets and necessitates different approaches in how one collects and analyzes data. Here, we outline qualitative and quantitative techniques used to describe food habits and feeding patterns of fishes. The natural habitats offer a great diversity of organisms that are used as food by fish, which differ in sizes
Research Interests: Fisheries and Aquaculture
Zooplankton diversity and seasonal variations were studied at three stations of Thandava reservoir to provide new insights into reservoir ecology and water quality. The study was carried out during the study period from Nov 2015 to Oct... more
Zooplankton diversity and seasonal variations were studied at three stations of Thandava reservoir to provide new insights into reservoir ecology and water quality. The study was carried out during the study period from Nov 2015 to Oct 2016. A total number of forty four zooplanktons both micro and macro species were identified in this reservoir at three stations. Among eight zooplankton groups, the diversity of rotifera comprise of 17 species (24.38%), cladocera 8 (17.63%), copepoda 5 (17.08%), ostracoda 2 (14.63 %), protozoa 3 (12.03%), crustacea 7 (11.18%), fish larvae and eggs 2 (03.08%). The number and percentage of zooplankton monthly population was highest 9.96% in during May 2016 and lowest 7.11% in November 2016. The group wise and season wise zooplankton mean diversity index was analysed and calculated, rotifera were highest (37.14%) in summer lowest (26.46%) in winter. Followed by cladoceran were highest (36.96%) and lowest (30.01%) in monsoon, followed by copepoda highest (39.40%) and lowest (28.61%), ostracoda highest (35.93%) and lowest (34.26%) in monsoon periods. Protozoa highest (41.80%) and lowest (27.77%), crustacea highest (41.01%) in monsoon and lowest (21.47%) in summer and Fish larvae and eggs highest (57.91%) in monsoon and lowest (16.02%) in summer. Shannon-Wiener index and Margalef's richness index (R1) results were calculated for zooplankton diversity in this reservoir.
Research Interests:
Order siluriformes, Bagridae family of four number of catfish species provides information on the diets of Mystus bleekeri, Mystus cavasius, Mystus tengara, Mystus vittatus in Lower Manair reservoir. The total of 1021 fish species... more
Order siluriformes, Bagridae family of four number of catfish species provides information on the diets of Mystus bleekeri, Mystus cavasius, Mystus tengara, Mystus vittatus in Lower Manair reservoir. The total of 1021 fish species examined and their stomach content was analyzed. The frequency of occurrence and numerical methods were employed in this study. In the numerical analysis, crustaceans and insect parts (85.91%) constituted the most important diet of Mystus bleekeri followed by fish remains (78.40%), plant materials (69.01%), algae/ protozoan (64.79%), molluscs (63.38%), detritus (56.81%) and sand grains (33.80%). The number of food items were enumerated for the crustaceans and insect parts in Mystus bleekeri have been contained the maximum percentage (34.84%) of the content under frequency of occurrence method followed by algae and protozoan with 20.76%, Molluscs with 18.37%, plant materials with 15.60% and sand grains with 10.44%. The result of the analysis showed that Mystus cavasius, Mystus tengara, Mystus vittatus fed on similar food items. These were mainly crustaceans, molluscans, fish remains and macrophytes. Other food items include algae, detritus, sand grains. These four species are omnivorous and occupy the same ecological niche.
Research Interests:
Fish and Hydrophytes bio diversity in the Lower Manair Dam was studied from November-2014 to October-2015. Fish samples were collected once in every fortnight with help of local fishermen by using fishing Craft and Gear. A total of 66... more
Fish and Hydrophytes bio diversity in the Lower Manair Dam was studied from November-2014 to October-2015. Fish samples were collected once in every fortnight with help of local fishermen by using fishing Craft and Gear. A total of 66 species of fishes belonging to 9 orders such as Cypriniformes (27 species), Siluriformes (13species), Perciformes (15 species), Channiformes (4 species), Beloniformes (2 species), Anguilliformes (2 species), Osteoglossiformes (one species), Cyprinodontiformes (One species) and Mugiliformes (one species). The number and percentage composition of population status were calculated to 32.81% common, 29.69% abundant, 21.86% moderate, and 15.63% rare species were identified in the Lower Manair Dam. Of these, 52 species of fish were least concerned (LC), 5 were data deficient (DD), 3 were near threaten (NT), 3 were not evaluate (NE), 2 species of fish were endangered (ED) and 1 species of fish was vulnerable (VU). Forty eight different species of aquatic macrophytes were recorded in 04 classes, 20 orders and 26 families, which include five free floating macrophytes, ten submerged, and thirty three emergent species of weds were recorded. The percentage composition of class, order and families were calculated during the period. IUCN (2015.4), CAMP (1998) status and Shannon-Weiner diversity (H-), Evenness (E), Hmax = ln(S), Maximum diversity possible and species richness (S) for different months were calculated. Evenness (E) and species richness (S), Hmax = ln(S) Maximum diversity possible.
Research Interests:
FIRST TIME RARE GOBID FISH SPECIES FOUND IN LOWER MANAIR DAM AT ANDHRA PRADESH & TELANGANA STATES OF RIVER GODAVARI
Research Interests:
ABSTRACT Pisces, faunal bio diversity in the Lower Manair Dam was studied from June-2013 to May-2014. Samples were collected bimonthly with help of local fishermen by using fishing Craft and Gear. A total of 64 species of fishes belonging... more
ABSTRACT
Pisces, faunal bio diversity in the Lower Manair Dam was studied from June-2013 to May-2014. Samples were
collected bimonthly with help of local fishermen by using fishing Craft and Gear. A total of 64 species of fishes
belonging to 8 orders such as Cypriniformes (27 species) Siluriformes (13species), Perciformes (14 species),
Channiformes (4 species) Beloniformes(2 species), Angulliformes (2 species) Osteoglossiformes (one species) and
Mogiliformes(one species). The number and percentage composition of population status were calculated to 32.81%
common, 29.69% abundant, 21.86% moderate, and 15.63% rare species were identified in the Lower Manair Dam.
Of these, 52 species of fish are least concerned (LC), 4 are data deficient (DD), 2 are not evaluate (NE), 2 species of
fish were endangered (ED) and 1 species of fish is vulnerable (VU). IUCN (2004.2), CAMP (1998) status and
Shannon-Weiner diversity (H-), Evenness (E), Hmax = ln(S) Maximum diversity possible and species richness (S) for
different months were calculated.
Key words: Pisces diversity, Shannon-Weiner diversity (H-), Evenness (E) and species richness (S), Hmax =
ln(S) Maximum diversity possible.
Pisces, faunal bio diversity in the Lower Manair Dam was studied from June-2013 to May-2014. Samples were
collected bimonthly with help of local fishermen by using fishing Craft and Gear. A total of 64 species of fishes
belonging to 8 orders such as Cypriniformes (27 species) Siluriformes (13species), Perciformes (14 species),
Channiformes (4 species) Beloniformes(2 species), Angulliformes (2 species) Osteoglossiformes (one species) and
Mogiliformes(one species). The number and percentage composition of population status were calculated to 32.81%
common, 29.69% abundant, 21.86% moderate, and 15.63% rare species were identified in the Lower Manair Dam.
Of these, 52 species of fish are least concerned (LC), 4 are data deficient (DD), 2 are not evaluate (NE), 2 species of
fish were endangered (ED) and 1 species of fish is vulnerable (VU). IUCN (2004.2), CAMP (1998) status and
Shannon-Weiner diversity (H-), Evenness (E), Hmax = ln(S) Maximum diversity possible and species richness (S) for
different months were calculated.
Key words: Pisces diversity, Shannon-Weiner diversity (H-), Evenness (E) and species richness (S), Hmax =
ln(S) Maximum diversity possible.
Research Interests:
ABSTRACT Present study was carried out to determine the larvivorous activity of fishes was found in Lower Manair Dam to identify the potential fish species for consuming larval forms. The listed 58 larvivorous potential fish species were... more
ABSTRACT
Present study was carried out to determine the larvivorous activity of fishes was found in Lower Manair Dam to
identify the potential fish species for consuming larval forms. The listed 58 larvivorous potential fish species were
collected and identified in the laboratory based on the morphometric and meristimatic characters. Pelagic feeders
occupy 25.59%, bentho pelagic feeders occupy 24.14%, demersal feeders occupy 43.10% and feeding of all
substrata occupies 05.17%. Only 22 species of larvivorous fishes are consuming mosquito larvae effectively and
contributed to 37.93% in the total population. Within the individual orders Perciformes contributed to 66.67%,
Cypiniformies contributed to 52% and Beloiniformes contributed to 50%. Most of the species have a high
larvivorous potential at early stages, hence these are the feasible in controlling reservoir larval forms. The common
name, local name, IUCN (2013.2) and CAMP (1998) conservation status of each fish was listed.
Key words: larvivorous, Pelagic, Benthopelagic, Demersal.
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Present study was carried out to determine the larvivorous activity of fishes was found in Lower Manair Dam to
identify the potential fish species for consuming larval forms. The listed 58 larvivorous potential fish species were
collected and identified in the laboratory based on the morphometric and meristimatic characters. Pelagic feeders
occupy 25.59%, bentho pelagic feeders occupy 24.14%, demersal feeders occupy 43.10% and feeding of all
substrata occupies 05.17%. Only 22 species of larvivorous fishes are consuming mosquito larvae effectively and
contributed to 37.93% in the total population. Within the individual orders Perciformes contributed to 66.67%,
Cypiniformies contributed to 52% and Beloiniformes contributed to 50%. Most of the species have a high
larvivorous potential at early stages, hence these are the feasible in controlling reservoir larval forms. The common
name, local name, IUCN (2013.2) and CAMP (1998) conservation status of each fish was listed.
Key words: larvivorous, Pelagic, Benthopelagic, Demersal.
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Research Interests:
Abstract: The freshwater gobid fish Glossogobius giuris were collected from Lower Manair Dam at every week and all fishes were examined for the presence of internal nematode parasite Rhabdochona garuaiin the visceral organs. On an average... more
Abstract: The freshwater gobid fish Glossogobius giuris were collected from Lower Manair Dam at every week and all fishes were examined for the presence of internal nematode parasite Rhabdochona garuaiin the visceral organs. On an average prevalence40.65% were found infected and 2.30 parasites are present in each individual infected and abundance is 0.92.The results indicate that the parasitic mean intensity3.14 and relative density 1.40 is quite high in January and high prevalence55.88 in October. The prevalence 10.00 and mean intensity 1.50are less in April and Relative density 0.47in June.
Key Words: Nematode parasites, Digestive tract, Prevalence, Mean Intensity, Relative Density
Key Words: Nematode parasites, Digestive tract, Prevalence, Mean Intensity, Relative Density
Research Interests:
Abstract: The present investigation concerns with the aquatic macrophyte diversity and its role in understanding the reservoir ecosystem dynamics and species composition of aquatic macrophytes distribution in ten villages around Lower... more
Abstract: The present investigation concerns with the aquatic macrophyte diversity and its role in
understanding the reservoir ecosystem dynamics and species composition of aquatic macrophytes distribution in
ten villages around Lower Manair Dam (LMD) were studied during 2013-2014. Forty eight different species of
aquatic macrophytes were recorded in 04 classes, 20 orders and 26 families, which include five free floating
macrophytes, ten submerged, and thirty three emergent species of weds were recorded. The percentage
composition of class, order and families were calculated during this period. The free floating species Eichornia
crassipes occurs throughout the year, while the submerged species Vallisneria spiralis, Ceratophyllum
demursum, Hydrilla verticillata occur throughout the year. In the rooted floating category Ipomoea aquatica
occurs throughout the year. The common name, habitat and IUCN (2013.2) status of the macrophytes has also
been noted in the present paper.
Key words: Macrophytes, Free floating, Submerged, Emergent, LMD.
understanding the reservoir ecosystem dynamics and species composition of aquatic macrophytes distribution in
ten villages around Lower Manair Dam (LMD) were studied during 2013-2014. Forty eight different species of
aquatic macrophytes were recorded in 04 classes, 20 orders and 26 families, which include five free floating
macrophytes, ten submerged, and thirty three emergent species of weds were recorded. The percentage
composition of class, order and families were calculated during this period. The free floating species Eichornia
crassipes occurs throughout the year, while the submerged species Vallisneria spiralis, Ceratophyllum
demursum, Hydrilla verticillata occur throughout the year. In the rooted floating category Ipomoea aquatica
occurs throughout the year. The common name, habitat and IUCN (2013.2) status of the macrophytes has also
been noted in the present paper.
Key words: Macrophytes, Free floating, Submerged, Emergent, LMD.
Research Interests:
ABSTRACT: Kolleru is one of the most important and a large fresh water ecosystem situated between the two important rivers of Krishna and Godavari. It has achieved fame as a birds' heaven mainly due to high bird diversity and abundance... more
ABSTRACT: Kolleru is one of the most important and a large fresh water ecosystem situated between the two
important rivers of Krishna and Godavari. It has achieved fame as a birds' heaven mainly due to high bird diversity and
abundance that it supports especially in winter season. Kolleru lake which is declared as a wildlife sanctuary is a
Ramsar site and also an Important Bird Area. Excellent bird reserve provides refuge for internationally important
populations of wetland birds. An ornithological survey was carried out for three consecutive years 2010 - 2013 for
assessing the status, diversity and distribution of avifauna. Attempts were made to cover the representative areas, in
order to cover migratory and resident species, highlighting the threatened species. The lake was threatened due to
demographic pressures and it is over- exploited. Fortunately, the lake has been given due protection in recent years and
it resulted in improving the habitat. The lake is regaining its splendour after the state government demolished illegal
fish ponds, backed by a standing order from the Hon‟ble Supreme Court of India. There is an increase in the number of
migratory birds after demolition of fish tanks. The international migratory birds like Pelicans, a variety of Ducks,
Waders etc., are back at Kolleru lake. The lake is serving as refuge for threatened water fowl and waders. The survey
was aimed at the specific problems pertaining to conservation and diversity of the birds. Altogether 232 species of birds
belonging to 138 Genera distributed in 17 Orders are recorded. The lake has been observed to be rich abode of an array
of avifauna. Out of 232 species of birds, 6 are globally threatened and 20 are near threatened and 100 are migratory.
During the study 10 major wetland bird congregation sites were selected and over 75000 birds were recorded, utilizing
this lake annually for feeding breeding and nesting. The research findings are presented. The lake area is
environmentally conscious segment of ecotourism and provides the economic growth for the local community.
KEYWORDS: Kolleru Lake, Ramsar site, Migratory birds, Waders, % species diversity, % species composition,
Conservation.
important rivers of Krishna and Godavari. It has achieved fame as a birds' heaven mainly due to high bird diversity and
abundance that it supports especially in winter season. Kolleru lake which is declared as a wildlife sanctuary is a
Ramsar site and also an Important Bird Area. Excellent bird reserve provides refuge for internationally important
populations of wetland birds. An ornithological survey was carried out for three consecutive years 2010 - 2013 for
assessing the status, diversity and distribution of avifauna. Attempts were made to cover the representative areas, in
order to cover migratory and resident species, highlighting the threatened species. The lake was threatened due to
demographic pressures and it is over- exploited. Fortunately, the lake has been given due protection in recent years and
it resulted in improving the habitat. The lake is regaining its splendour after the state government demolished illegal
fish ponds, backed by a standing order from the Hon‟ble Supreme Court of India. There is an increase in the number of
migratory birds after demolition of fish tanks. The international migratory birds like Pelicans, a variety of Ducks,
Waders etc., are back at Kolleru lake. The lake is serving as refuge for threatened water fowl and waders. The survey
was aimed at the specific problems pertaining to conservation and diversity of the birds. Altogether 232 species of birds
belonging to 138 Genera distributed in 17 Orders are recorded. The lake has been observed to be rich abode of an array
of avifauna. Out of 232 species of birds, 6 are globally threatened and 20 are near threatened and 100 are migratory.
During the study 10 major wetland bird congregation sites were selected and over 75000 birds were recorded, utilizing
this lake annually for feeding breeding and nesting. The research findings are presented. The lake area is
environmentally conscious segment of ecotourism and provides the economic growth for the local community.
KEYWORDS: Kolleru Lake, Ramsar site, Migratory birds, Waders, % species diversity, % species composition,
Conservation.
Research Interests:
Abstract: In Andhra Pradesh, Kolleru Lake has been recognised as wetland of international significance and a Ramsar site. The wetland provides habitat to diverse flora and fauna including some rare and threatened fauna. Seventy eight fish... more
Abstract: In Andhra Pradesh, Kolleru Lake has been recognised as wetland of international significance and a Ramsar site. The wetland provides habitat to diverse flora and fauna including some rare and threatened fauna. Seventy eight fish species belong to fourteen orders, 37 families and 57 genera’s were identified in the Kolluru Lake and Upputeru Creek diversity. Order cypriniformes was dominant with 26 species which contributed to 41.94% of the total species followed by Perciformes 22.58%, Siluriformes with 19.36%, Channiformes 6.45%, Anguilliformes 3.23%, and Osteoglossiformes 1.61% at Kolleru Lake. The recorded families, genus and species under seven orders the number is same, the order Perciformes was dominant with 07 families, genus and species which contributed to 43.75% followed by Mugilliformes contributed 03 families, genus and species (18.75%). Osteoglssiformes contributed 02 families, genus and species (12.5%). Cyprinodontiformes, Siluriformes, Gonorhynchiformes and Pluronectiformes contributed to each with 01 (06.25%) at Upputeru creek. List of fishes including their order, family, genus, species, common name, economic importance, IUCN (2014.3) and CAMP status were recorded in the present investigation. Keywards: Fauna, Diversity, Kolluru Lake, Upputeru Creek, IUCN, CAMP status
Research Interests:
ABSTRACT Fish production in the Lower Manair Reservoir was studied from June-2013 to May-2014. Samples were collected bimonthly with help of local fishermen by using fishing Craft and Gear. The total approximate fish biomass was 33076.550... more
ABSTRACT
Fish production in the Lower Manair Reservoir was studied from June-2013 to May-2014. Samples
were collected bimonthly with help of local fishermen by using fishing Craft and Gear. The total
approximate fish biomass was 33076.550 kilograms per year and 4.082 kg/ha an average fish
production in Lower Manair Reservoir. The effect of physico-chemical parameters on fish
production was investigated on a total of 64 species of fishes belonging to 8 orders. Group wise fish
biomass was calculated on every month and year. The highest fish catch recorded during the month
of December is reported to 4910.7 kgs, the second highest catch is reported in the month of
November is 4141.8 kgs. The reported total of 64 ichthyo faunal species were divided into 12
groups, such as Major carps six species, nine species of Minor carps, eleven species of Minnows,
eleven species of Catfishes, two species of Eels, two species of Beloiniformes, four species of
Murreles, two species of Gobids, two species of Spiny eels, nine species of Perches, one species of
Mugils and five species of Exotic species.
Keywords : Lower Manair Reservoir, Fish production, Biomass. physico-chemical parameters
Fish production in the Lower Manair Reservoir was studied from June-2013 to May-2014. Samples
were collected bimonthly with help of local fishermen by using fishing Craft and Gear. The total
approximate fish biomass was 33076.550 kilograms per year and 4.082 kg/ha an average fish
production in Lower Manair Reservoir. The effect of physico-chemical parameters on fish
production was investigated on a total of 64 species of fishes belonging to 8 orders. Group wise fish
biomass was calculated on every month and year. The highest fish catch recorded during the month
of December is reported to 4910.7 kgs, the second highest catch is reported in the month of
November is 4141.8 kgs. The reported total of 64 ichthyo faunal species were divided into 12
groups, such as Major carps six species, nine species of Minor carps, eleven species of Minnows,
eleven species of Catfishes, two species of Eels, two species of Beloiniformes, four species of
Murreles, two species of Gobids, two species of Spiny eels, nine species of Perches, one species of
Mugils and five species of Exotic species.
Keywords : Lower Manair Reservoir, Fish production, Biomass. physico-chemical parameters
Research Interests:
Abstract: The freshwater ornamental fishes in the Lower Manair Dam were studied from August-2012 toJuly-2013. Samples were collected every week with help of local fishermen by using fishing nets and bamboo traps. In one year study period,... more
Abstract: The freshwater ornamental fishes in the Lower Manair Dam were studied from August-2012 toJuly-2013. Samples were collected every week with help of local fishermen by using fishing nets and bamboo traps. In one year study period, 53 species of ornamental fishes were recorded in Lower Manair Dam. The recorded fishes belong to 8 orders, out of these orders cypriniformes was dominant with 23 species contributes 43.40% in 2 families followed by Perciformes 11 species (20.76%) 6 families, Siluriformes 9 species (16.98%) in 5 families, Channiformes 4 species (7.85%) in 1 family, Beloniformes 2 species (3.77%) 2 families, Angulliformes 2 species (3.77%) 1 family, Osteoglossiformes one species and Mogiliformes one species (1.87%) in each family. Of these, 13 species were abundant, 13 species were common, 19 species were moderate and seven species were rare. Family cyprinidae was dominant with 10 genera and genus Puntius was dominant with 5 species followed by other species, IUCN (2013.2) and CAMP (1998) conservation status of each fish was listed.
Key words: Ornamental fishes, Cypriniformes, IUCN, CAMP.
Key words: Ornamental fishes, Cypriniformes, IUCN, CAMP.
Research Interests:
The ichthyofaunal results of the present study revealed that the occurrence of 41 fish species belonging to 11 orders, 18 families, and 30 genera observed June 2021 to May 2023 at various landing stations. During the study period order... more
The ichthyofaunal results of the present study revealed that the occurrence of 41 fish species belonging to 11 orders, 18 families, and 30 genera observed June 2021 to May 2023 at various landing stations. During the study period order cypriniformes was dominant with 17 species which contributed to 41.46% of the total species followed by Siluriformes 10 (24.39%), Channiformes 3 (7.31%), Anabantiformes, Synbranchiformes and Perciformes each 2 (4.87%), Anguilliformes, Osteoglossiforme, Cyprinodontiformes, Gobiiformes, and Cichliformes each with 01 (2.43%). In the present investigation omnivores fishes were highest to 48.78%, followed by carnivorous 31.71% and herbivorous represents to 19.51%. The number and Percentage composition of Population Status is 22 species were common which contributed to 53.65%, 12 species were Abundant which contributed to 29.26%, 3 species are moderate which contributed to 7.31% and 4 species were moderate which contributed to 9.75% in the total catch. IUCN-2023 status 35 species contributed to highest with 85.36% are least concern (LC) were observed the Jhanjhavathi Rubber Dam.
Research Interests:
The ichthyofaunal survey confirmed the presence of 49 fish species from 12 orders, 19 families, and 33 genera from February 2021 to January 2023 at Gotta Barage's four landing points. Five of the 49 species are alien. The order... more
The ichthyofaunal survey confirmed the presence of 49 fish species from 12 orders, 19 families, and 33 genera from February 2021 to January 2023 at Gotta Barage's four landing points. Five of the 49 species are alien. The order Cypriniformes dominated with 23 species, accounting for 46.93% of all species, followed by Siluriformes 11 (22.44%), Channiformes 3 (6.12%), Synbranchiformes and Cichliformes each 2 (4.08), Osteoglossiforme, Cyprinodontiformes, Anguilliformes, Beloiniformes, Gobiiformes, Anabantiformes and Ovalentaria each with 01 (2.04%). In the present study fish species divided into three groups based on trophic level to represent highest to zooplanktivorous 51.02%, followed by piscivorous 26.53% and herbivorous represents to 18.36%. According to IUCN status 41 species contributed to 83.67% are least concern (LC), five species contributed to 10.20% are near threaten (NT), one species contributed to 02.04% are vulnerable (VU) not evaluated (NE) and data deficient (DD).
Research Interests:
Kalinga Dal reservoir fish faunal diversity was studied two consequent years from February-2016 to January-2018. Samples were collected bimonthly with help of local fishermen by using fishing craft and gear. A total of 57 species of... more
Kalinga Dal reservoir fish faunal diversity was studied two consequent years from February-2016 to January-2018. Samples were collected bimonthly with help of local fishermen by using fishing craft and gear. A total of 57 species of fishes belonging to seven orders such as Cypriniformes dominated with 47.37% followed by Perciformes 21.05%, Siluriformes 17.54%, Channiformes 7.02%, Angulliformes 3.51%, Cyprinodontiformes and Osteoglossiformes each contributed with 1.75%. The number and percentage composition of population status were calculated to 31.58% common, 24.56% moderate, 22.81% abundant and 20.34% rare species were identified in the Kalinga Dal reservoir. According to IUCN (2017-3) 82.47% species of fish were least concerned (LC), 7.02% near threatened, 5.26% not evaluate (NE), 1.75% data deficient (DD), endangered (ED) and vulnerable (VU).
Research Interests:
The Study of Ichthyofaunal Diversity observed in Peddagadda Reservoir from June 2021 to May 2022. The study results revealed that the occurrence of forty one species belongs to seven orders, 17 families, and 27 genera, including three... more
The Study of Ichthyofaunal Diversity observed in Peddagadda Reservoir from June 2021 to May 2022. The study results revealed that the occurrence of forty one species belongs to seven orders, 17 families, and 27 genera, including three exotic species. The order Cypriniformes accounted for 46.34% of all species, followed by Siluriformes (21.95%), Perciformes (17.07%), Channiformes (7.31%), Osteoglossiformes (2.43%), and Anguilliformes (2.43%). According to the IUCN, 82.93% of species are classified as least concern (LC), while 9.75% are classified as near threatened (NT), not evaluated (NE), data deficient (DD), and vulnerable (VU). The Shannon-Wiener diversity index of fish species in Peddagadda Reservoir was higher in the post-monsoon and monsoon seasons. The number and composition of population status and CAMP status have been thoroughly studied. Derelict fishing is being observed and raised awareness among fisher flocks.
Research Interests:
Paranychia is fairly common and usually caused by injury to area around the nail folding of human thumb finger. It is caused by multiple micro organisms of both bacterial and fungal infection mostly both micro organisms were observed in... more
Paranychia is fairly common and usually caused by injury to area around the nail folding of human thumb finger. It is caused by multiple micro organisms of both bacterial and fungal infection mostly both micro organisms were observed in severe cases. For microbial study 42 swab samples were collected from Agricultural farmers and inoculated in suitable agar media. The most commonly responsible bacteria is Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus species, Pseudomonas species etc. and Candida albicans fungus were observed in chronic infectious patients. A series of 10 medicinal plants such as Allium setivum , Anacardium orientalie, Azadirachta indica, Citrus limon, Curcuma longa, Eukaliptus ligulata , Lawsonia alba, Ocimum sanctum, Terminalia chebula, and Tridax prokambence, extracts and decoction were tested for antibacterial and antifungal agents. Most of the plant methanol extraction is highly inhibitory activity for Staphylococcus 2.5 ± 0.34 cm and pseudomonas species 2.4 ± 0.47 cm. Some of the plant extractions were moderate inhibitory activity of fungal species. The plant extractions were compared with market available synthetic drugs in the laboratory.
Research Interests:
A total of 186 fishes of Securicula gora were collected from Meghadrigedda Reservoir during June 2021 to May 2022. Which are having 99 fishes are full gut and 87 are empty stomachs were observed. The food items of insect and crustacean... more
A total of 186 fishes of Securicula gora were collected from Meghadrigedda Reservoir during June 2021 to May 2022. Which are having 99 fishes are full gut and 87 are empty stomachs were observed. The food items of insect and crustacean pieces were showed highest part in September (66.0%) and the lowest in March (42.0%), fish scales and spines were appeared highest in July (15%) and lowest in March (2%), molluscan shells highest in arch (7%) and lowest in July (0.5%), Micro algae highest in February and March (12%) and lowest in October and November (4%), Filaments algae highest in February (12.5%) and lowest in September (2%), digested food highest in March (27%) and lowest in July (12%). The Relative Frequency (%RF) is highest (11.82) in June and less (4.3) in January. An average seasonal variation of RF% resulted more (10.21± 1.58) in monsoon period and low (6.85±2.46) in post-monsoon period. In the present investigation food dominance, Gut repletion index, K-factor and the Gastro Somatic Index were observed during in different seasons.
Research Interests: Fisheries and Aquaculture
A report on the occurrence of Amazon suckermouth armoured catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau, 1855) from the native freshwater tanks at Jangaon, Telangana State, India. The sailfin catfish belonging to the genus Pterygoplichthys... more
A report on the occurrence of Amazon suckermouth armoured catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Castelnau, 1855) from the native freshwater tanks at Jangaon, Telangana State, India. The sailfin catfish belonging to the genus Pterygoplichthys of the Loricariidae family has been introduced to tropical and subtropical freshwater environments. The study was conducted for fish taxonomic identification and behaviour in the laboratory condition. This study was conformed and given information on this invasive species of P. pardalis was dug out the bottom of the soil. Ten meristic and 43 morphometric characteristics were reported in this study for identification of species. This species is radiating pattern of light lines on the head, leopard body ornamentation on the dorsal side, the ventral sucker mouth is triangular, three lips contains 16 + 16+ 32 (two groups) 0.13 mm length of tubular filamented teeth and more number of tubercles are present around the mouth.
Research Interests:
ABSTRACT Ichthyofaunal diversity in Nagavali River at Narayanapuram anicut was observed from July 2019 to June 2021. The occurrence of Fifty six fish species belong to nine orders, 19 families and 34 genera. In the present investigation... more
ABSTRACT
Ichthyofaunal diversity in Nagavali River at Narayanapuram anicut was observed from July 2019 to June 2021. The occurrence of Fifty six fish species belong to nine orders, 19 families and 34 genera. In the present investigation Cypriniformes was contributed to 42.86% of the total species followed by Siluriformes 23.21%, Perciformes 16.07%, Channiformes 7.14%, Osteoglossiformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Ostariophysi, Anguilliformes and Beloiniformes each with1.64.00%. The number and Percentage composition of Population Status is highest of common which contributed to 42.85% followed by abundant which contributed to 25.00%, moderate which contributed to 19.64% and moderate with 12.50%. Shannon-Weiner diversity Index (H) ranged from 0.91 to 1.57. The highest maximum diversity ln(S) was recorded in September and the lowest in April and May 2019 to 2021.
Ichthyofaunal diversity in Nagavali River at Narayanapuram anicut was observed from July 2019 to June 2021. The occurrence of Fifty six fish species belong to nine orders, 19 families and 34 genera. In the present investigation Cypriniformes was contributed to 42.86% of the total species followed by Siluriformes 23.21%, Perciformes 16.07%, Channiformes 7.14%, Osteoglossiformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Ostariophysi, Anguilliformes and Beloiniformes each with1.64.00%. The number and Percentage composition of Population Status is highest of common which contributed to 42.85% followed by abundant which contributed to 25.00%, moderate which contributed to 19.64% and moderate with 12.50%. Shannon-Weiner diversity Index (H) ranged from 0.91 to 1.57. The highest maximum diversity ln(S) was recorded in September and the lowest in April and May 2019 to 2021.
Research Interests:
An investigation was carried out to study the Aquatic Entomofauna of their diversity and distribution in Lower Manair Dam for a period of two years from August 2016 to July 2018. The diversity of aquatic insect fauna of a total 3647... more
An investigation was carried out to study the Aquatic Entomofauna of their diversity and distribution in Lower Manair Dam for a period of two years from August 2016 to July 2018. The diversity of aquatic insect fauna of a total 3647 individuals representing to classified under 22 families and 37 Taxa in seven orders were recorded. The aquatic insects were sampled systematically and randomly in station-wise habitats, using the standard protocols. Among the collected insects recorded order Hemiptera dominated with eight families which contributed to (36.36%) followed by Odonata (18.18%), Coleoptera, Ephemeroptera each with (13.64%), Trichoptera, Megaloptera each with (4.55%) and Diptera (9.09%). Recorded genera out of 37 species, Hemiptera were contributed to (37.84%), Odonata (27.03%), Coleoptera (16.22%), Diptera (5.41%), Ephemeroptera (8.11), Trichoptera and Megaloptera each with (2.70%). The month and season wise Entomofauna density calculated by using Shannon-Wiener diversity index from the number of population was represented.
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Background: Kondakarla Lake is the second largest natural fresh water lake in Andhra Pradesh, India located at a distance of 42 km from Visakhapatnam. The molluscan faunal diversity was investigated during the study period from July 2012... more
Background: Kondakarla Lake is the second largest natural fresh water lake in Andhra Pradesh, India located at a distance of 42 km from Visakhapatnam. The molluscan faunal diversity was investigated during the study period from July 2012 to June 2014. The study aimed to keep records mainly on the taxonomy, distribution, status, and conservation need of the different species. Methods: Samples were collected with the help of local people by using Peterson's grab sampler, Surber and D-Frame. The collected samples were washed and preserved in plastic screw cap bottles and preserved in 70-80% ethyl alcohol and in 5% formalin solution. Results: Altogether 14 species of these 28.57% of class Bivalvia and 71.429% of Gastropoda were recorded at four selected stations. Order Mesogastropoda dominant with 2 families which contributed to 50% of the total population followed by Trigoinoida and Bsommatophora each contributed to 25%. The number and Percentage composition of Population Status were recorded during the study period. The recorded range of various diversity indexes were noted at different seasons. Conclusion: Kondakarla freshwater lake consisting of 28.571% of class Bivalvia and 71.429% of gastropoda was recorded at four stations during the study period. The Population Status was 07.143% abundant, 57.143% species were common, 21.429% species were moderate and 14.286% species were rare in the total catch.
Research Interests:
The` pelecanus philippensis and Mycteria leucocephala arrival and leaving secondary data were provide from 1992 to 2021 at Telineelapuram bird sanctuary. The Pelicans arrived from mid September to early October and left for end of April... more
The` pelecanus philippensis and Mycteria leucocephala arrival and leaving secondary data were provide from 1992 to 2021 at Telineelapuram bird sanctuary. The Pelicans arrived from mid September to early October and left for end of April to May months. The Painted storks arrived from mid September to October ending and leave from May to J une months. The Standard Deviation average values at 99.99% confidence level is the total number of both bird species 289.89 ±58.98 pairs was arrived and occupied 29.22 ±3.99 on different nesting trees for constructed nests. The total number of both bird species 382.33 ±39.06 pairs was arrived and occupied 40.33 ±8.67 on different nesting trees for constructed nests. The Pelicans were constructed nests average 181.67 ±34.33 and Painted storks constructed nests average 200.67 ±49.84 during 2001 to 2011. Pearson correlation coefficient is a measure of the strength of a linear association between two variables, where as the p-value tells us if the result of secondary data is statistically not significant. The results exhibit from 1992 to 2021 at every 10 years, the F probability null hypothesis for the full model is true for interpretation of the significance.
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Fishing craft and gear adopted in the Lower Manair Dam were simple tools used by local fishermen for commercial catches of fish production. The craft and gears were mostly old-fashioned, indigenous and locally manufactured. Several... more
Fishing craft and gear adopted in the Lower
Manair Dam were simple tools used by local fishermen for
commercial catches of fish production. The craft and gears were
mostly old-fashioned, indigenous and locally manufactured. Several
researchers work upon the fishing craft and gears used over
freshwaters of India and abroad. There are number of workers work
upon the fishing methods of Indian reservoirs. Unfortunately, the
fishing methods used in the Lower Manair Dam were not documented
ever in the inland fisheries sector of Telangana region, Andhra
Pradesh. The present paper is an attempt to document the fishing
craft and gears used in Lower Manair Dam.
Manair Dam were simple tools used by local fishermen for
commercial catches of fish production. The craft and gears were
mostly old-fashioned, indigenous and locally manufactured. Several
researchers work upon the fishing craft and gears used over
freshwaters of India and abroad. There are number of workers work
upon the fishing methods of Indian reservoirs. Unfortunately, the
fishing methods used in the Lower Manair Dam were not documented
ever in the inland fisheries sector of Telangana region, Andhra
Pradesh. The present paper is an attempt to document the fishing
craft and gears used in Lower Manair Dam.
Research Interests:
Diversity of bivalve and gastropod molluscans from Lower Manair Dam freshwater habitat was studied during the study period June 2017 to May 2019. A total of 22 species of molluscan communities were represented by two classes, 3orders... more
Diversity of bivalve and gastropod molluscans from Lower Manair Dam freshwater habitat was studied during the study period June 2017 to May 2019. A total of 22 species of molluscan communities were represented by two classes, 3orders under 8 families. The represented class Gastropoda contributed to highest with 66.67% and Bivalvia lowest with 33.33% in the total orders. The class Gastropoda represented to highest with 68.18% species and order Bivalvia with 31.82% species in the population. Order Mesogastropoda contribute to highest with 50.00% species, followed by Unionida with 31.19% species and Basommatophora with 18.18% species in the population. The identified species classified into Class, Order, Family, Scientific name and IUCN (2020-2) were recorded during study period.
Abstract An investigation was carried out to study the aquatic entomofauna of their diversity and distribution in Lower Manair Dam for a period of two years from August 2016 to July 2018. The diversity of aquatic insect fauna of a total... more
Abstract
An investigation was carried out to study the aquatic entomofauna of their diversity and distribution in Lower Manair Dam for a period of two years from August 2016 to July 2018. The diversity of aquatic insect fauna of a total 3647 individuals representing to classified under 22 families and 37 Taxa in seven orders were recorded. The aquatic insects were sampled systematically and randomly in station-wise habitats, using the standard protocols. Among the collected insects recorded order Hemiptera dominated with eight families which contributed to (36.36%) followed by Odonata (18.18%), Coleoptera, Ephemeroptera each with (13.64%), Trichoptera, Megaloptera each with (4.55%) and Diptera (9.09%). Recorded genera out of 37 species, Hemiptera were contributed to (37.84%), Odonata (27.03%), Coleoptera (16.22%), Diptera (5.41%), Ephemeroptera (8.11), Trichoptera and Megaloptera each with (2.70%). The month and season wise entomofauna density calculated by using Shannon -Wiener diversity index from the number of population was represented.
An investigation was carried out to study the aquatic entomofauna of their diversity and distribution in Lower Manair Dam for a period of two years from August 2016 to July 2018. The diversity of aquatic insect fauna of a total 3647 individuals representing to classified under 22 families and 37 Taxa in seven orders were recorded. The aquatic insects were sampled systematically and randomly in station-wise habitats, using the standard protocols. Among the collected insects recorded order Hemiptera dominated with eight families which contributed to (36.36%) followed by Odonata (18.18%), Coleoptera, Ephemeroptera each with (13.64%), Trichoptera, Megaloptera each with (4.55%) and Diptera (9.09%). Recorded genera out of 37 species, Hemiptera were contributed to (37.84%), Odonata (27.03%), Coleoptera (16.22%), Diptera (5.41%), Ephemeroptera (8.11), Trichoptera and Megaloptera each with (2.70%). The month and season wise entomofauna density calculated by using Shannon -Wiener diversity index from the number of population was represented.
Research Interests:
ABSTRACT A comparative study on causative agents related to kidney diseases were more salt consumption, pain killers, lack of proper drinking water, heat stress, consumption of tobacco, alcohol and using of pesticides at that the victims... more
ABSTRACT
A comparative study on causative agents related to kidney diseases were more salt consumption, pain killers, lack of proper drinking water, heat stress, consumption of tobacco, alcohol and using of pesticides at that the victims of chronic kidney diseases in Uddanam area of a coastal belt in Srikakulam Dist, Andhra Pradesh. The research oriented information related to this study obtained from 45 to 68 years aged peoples by structured questionnaire and comparison of other CKDs geographical areas. Most of the researchers published in various causative agents to effect of kidney diseases basing on that we selected 17 related questions from framed questionnaire. The study results were revealed that 62.5± 5.57% of the people were agricultural labors and the salts range from 8 to 14 ppt was recorded in vegetarian and non-vegetarian foods. Each person took on an average 3.5 glasses of water per day this is equal to 1.5±0.2 lits. of water. 63.25±7.03 candidates were approached to RMPs, 22.47±3.56 candidates were approached to ayurvedic medicines and few peoples were approached to trained doctors. The study report contains to that the CKDs affectd is not a single problem and it may leads to multiple disorders affect in the Uddanm costal belt.
KEYWORDS: Salt consumption, pain killers, heat stress, tobacco, RMPs, CKDs.
A comparative study on causative agents related to kidney diseases were more salt consumption, pain killers, lack of proper drinking water, heat stress, consumption of tobacco, alcohol and using of pesticides at that the victims of chronic kidney diseases in Uddanam area of a coastal belt in Srikakulam Dist, Andhra Pradesh. The research oriented information related to this study obtained from 45 to 68 years aged peoples by structured questionnaire and comparison of other CKDs geographical areas. Most of the researchers published in various causative agents to effect of kidney diseases basing on that we selected 17 related questions from framed questionnaire. The study results were revealed that 62.5± 5.57% of the people were agricultural labors and the salts range from 8 to 14 ppt was recorded in vegetarian and non-vegetarian foods. Each person took on an average 3.5 glasses of water per day this is equal to 1.5±0.2 lits. of water. 63.25±7.03 candidates were approached to RMPs, 22.47±3.56 candidates were approached to ayurvedic medicines and few peoples were approached to trained doctors. The study report contains to that the CKDs affectd is not a single problem and it may leads to multiple disorders affect in the Uddanm costal belt.
KEYWORDS: Salt consumption, pain killers, heat stress, tobacco, RMPs, CKDs.
An ornithological survey was carried out for three consecutive years from March 2016 February 2019 for assessing the distribution status, abundance, W(A)P and IUCN status of avifaunal diversity in Dabarusinghi reservoir. Attempts were... more
An ornithological survey was carried out for three consecutive years from March 2016 February 2019 for
assessing the distribution status, abundance, W(A)P and IUCN status of avifaunal diversity in
Dabarusinghi reservoir. Attempts were made to cover the representative areas, in order to cover
migratory and resident species. In this survey a total 97 bird species were recorded and belonging to 78
genera, 41 families and over 20 orders were noticed. Of these 97 bird species diversity shows that
80.41% residents, 27.84% local migrant, 17.52% winter visitor, 4.12% breeding visitors, 1.09% summer
visitors were distributed. The habitation of birds in the total population is 57.73% are Terrestrial, 35.05%
Wetland, 9.28% Wetland dependent, 6.19% Edge species, 1.09% Sea coasts and Inland. According
IUCN 2018-2 red list category shows that Near Threatened is 2. 06%, Vulnerable 1.09% and Least
Concern 96.91% were recorded in Dabarusingi surrounding area.
assessing the distribution status, abundance, W(A)P and IUCN status of avifaunal diversity in
Dabarusinghi reservoir. Attempts were made to cover the representative areas, in order to cover
migratory and resident species. In this survey a total 97 bird species were recorded and belonging to 78
genera, 41 families and over 20 orders were noticed. Of these 97 bird species diversity shows that
80.41% residents, 27.84% local migrant, 17.52% winter visitor, 4.12% breeding visitors, 1.09% summer
visitors were distributed. The habitation of birds in the total population is 57.73% are Terrestrial, 35.05%
Wetland, 9.28% Wetland dependent, 6.19% Edge species, 1.09% Sea coasts and Inland. According
IUCN 2018-2 red list category shows that Near Threatened is 2. 06%, Vulnerable 1.09% and Least
Concern 96.91% were recorded in Dabarusingi surrounding area.
Ghost fishing gear is the most harmful type of marine plastic because it entangles marine animals, seabirds, sea turtles, and sharks, causing them to die slowly and painfully from fatigue and asphyxia. Ghost fishing gear also harms... more
Ghost fishing gear is the most harmful type of marine plastic because it entangles marine animals, seabirds, sea turtles, and sharks, causing them to die slowly and painfully from fatigue and asphyxia. Ghost fishing gear also harms important marine environments like
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The Blue Revolution, also known as the Neel or Nili Kranti Mission in India, was launched between 1985 and 1990 as part of the 7th Five-Year Plan.
Research Interests:
Definition of Aquaculture: Aquaculture is defined as the cultivation of aquatic organisms in artificially controlled water bodies for a stipulated period until they reach marketable size for the purposes of food, recreation,... more
Definition of Aquaculture: Aquaculture is defined as the cultivation of aquatic organisms in artificially controlled water bodies for a stipulated period until they reach marketable size for the purposes of food, recreation, sustainability, and bioactive substances.
…. Dr. Karri Rama Rao
…. Dr. Karri Rama Rao
Research Interests:
Initially, when the shrimp are small and the feed quantity is minimal; two feeds per day will sufficient. After about 30 days of stocking, this should be increased to about 4 or 5 feeds per day. Feeding frequency should be increased to... more
Initially, when the shrimp are small and the feed quantity is minimal; two feeds per day will sufficient. After about 30 days of stocking, this should be increased to about 4 or 5 feeds per day. Feeding frequency should be increased to the highest practical number. The feeding ration should be more during night than day.
Research Interests: Fisheries and Aquaculture
Water quality is a critical factor when culturing any aquatic organism. Optimal water quality varies by species and must be monitored to ensure growth and survival. The quality of the water in the production systems can significantly... more
Water quality is a critical factor when culturing any aquatic organism. Optimal water quality varies by species and must be monitored to ensure growth and survival. The quality of the water in the production systems can significantly affect the organism’s health.
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Water transparency depends on the amount of particles in the water. These particles can be algae or sediment from erosion, the more particles, the less water transparency. In other words, when the water is turbid or cloudy and contains a... more
Water transparency depends on the amount of particles in the water. These particles can be algae or sediment from erosion, the more particles, the less water transparency. In other words, when the water is turbid or cloudy and contains a lot of particles, the light cannot penetrate as deeply into the water column.
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Water pH Determination AIM: To determine the pH in given sample water by use of a pH meter. APPARATUS Wide-mouth glass beaker, watch glass. pH meter, one or two electrodes, small scoop, A glass stirring rod, A thermometer capable of... more
Water pH Determination AIM: To determine the pH in given sample water by use of a pH meter. APPARATUS Wide-mouth glass beaker, watch glass. pH meter, one or two electrodes, small scoop, A glass stirring rod, A thermometer capable of reading 77±18°F (25±10°C) to the nearest 0.1°C. REAGENTS Standard buffer solutions of known pH values-standards to be used are pH of 4.0, 7.0, and 10.0, Distilled water.
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Hypophysation is a process in which ripe fish brooders are induced to spawn in captivity by pituitary hormone administration. Injected pituitary gland extract skips the brain-pituitary connection and acts directly on the ovaries and... more
Hypophysation is a process in which ripe fish brooders are induced to spawn in captivity by pituitary hormone administration. Injected pituitary gland extract skips the brain-pituitary connection and acts directly on the ovaries and testes, causing a rise in blood GtH levels that normally precedes spawning.
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The arrangement of teeth in the upper and lower jaws, mainly on the premaxilla, maxilla and dentary bones, is called dentition.
Research Interests:
In many vertebrates, the exoskeleton covering of body is made of two types of scales-epidermal and dermal. They are well developed in terrestrial vertebrates such as reptiles, birds and mammals. Dermal scales are mesenchymal in origin and... more
In many vertebrates, the exoskeleton covering of body is made of two types of scales-epidermal and dermal. They are well developed in terrestrial vertebrates such as reptiles, birds and mammals. Dermal scales are mesenchymal in origin and especially developed in the fishes. They are small, thin, cornified, calcareous or bony plates which fit closely together or overlap. As regards the arrangement of scales on fish body is concerned, they are most often imbricated and overlap like shingles on the roof, with their free margins directed towards the tail, so as to minimise the friction of water.
Research Interests:
General characters of Mammals
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Dipnoi (Gr. di-two, pnoe-breathing) is a small order of fresh water bony fishes. They respire by gills and lungs. Dipnoi evolved during Devonian period. They are characterized by short jaws, crushing plate like teeth, internal... more
Dipnoi (Gr. di-two, pnoe-breathing) is a small order of fresh water bony fishes. They respire by gills and lungs. Dipnoi evolved during Devonian period. They are characterized by short jaws, crushing plate like teeth, internal nares, reduced exo-and endo-skeleton, and diphycercal tail. The air bladder i.e., so called 'lungs' are one or two. They are functional with related changes in the circulatory system and in the heart. Distribution of Dipnoi Modern lung fishes show discontinuous distribution. The three surviving genera of lung fishes are Neoceratodus (=Epiceratodus) Protopterus and Lepidosiren. All are inhabitants of river. Neoceratodus is the only living genus of the family Ceratodontidae, the other being extinct Ceratodus. It is found only in the Burnett and Mary rivers of Queens-land in Australia, so commonly called as 'Burnett Salmon' or Australian lungfish. Protopterus lives in large lakes and rivers of tropical Africa. It is commonly called as 'Nile lungfish' or African lung fish.
Research Interests: Zoology and Fish Biology
Dr. K. Rama Rao IV. Parasitic diseases The common internal parasitic infections occurring in poultry include cestodes, nematodes and coccidia, with mixed infections being very common.
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Fungal/mycotic diseases cause significant economic losses to the poultry industry either due to their direct infectious nature or due to production of mycotoxins, the secondary fungal metabolites produced in grains or poultry feed. Fungal... more
Fungal/mycotic diseases cause significant economic losses to the poultry industry either due to their direct infectious nature or due to production of mycotoxins, the secondary fungal metabolites produced in grains or poultry feed. Fungal diseases of poultry include aspergillosis, candidiasis, dactylariosis, cryptococcosis, favus, rhodotorulic, torulopsis, mucormycosis, histoplasmosis and cryptococcosis.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Most complicated aspect of poultry farming is the problem of diseases and their control. Commonly poultry birds are encountered with Newcastle disease, Ranikhet disease, Pneumoencephalyetis, Pseudo fowl pest, besides infectious,... more
Most complicated aspect of poultry farming is the problem of diseases and their control. Commonly poultry birds are encountered with Newcastle disease, Ranikhet disease, Pneumoencephalyetis, Pseudo fowl pest, besides infectious, contagious, septicemic and zoonotic diseases. Viral diseases among the above are caused by the infection of Paramyxovirus type-1
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Growth is influenced by genetic and nutritional factors as well as intrauterine conditions. Growth parameters assessed at birth help predict subsequent growth and development and risk of disease. The parameters are length. Growth from... more
Growth is influenced by genetic and nutritional factors as well as intrauterine conditions. Growth parameters assessed at birth help predict subsequent growth and development and risk of disease. The parameters are length. Growth from birth to adolescence.
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Pearl is a valuable gem known to mankind since ancient times. The pearl, in fact, is of animal origin and produced by certain bivalves of Mollusca. The pearl producing bivalves are
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Liming materials are used in aquaculture primarily to neutralize acidity in bottom soil and water and to increase the total alkalinity of water. Such conditions typically occur in ponds in humid regions with highly leached, acidic soils.
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In most natural waters, the supply of oxygen to water (diffusion from the atmosphere and production from underwater photosynthesis) exceeds the amount used in oxygen-consuming processes, and fish seldom have problems obtaining enough... more
In most natural waters, the supply of oxygen to water (diffusion from the atmosphere and production from underwater photosynthesis) exceeds the amount used in oxygen-consuming processes, and fish seldom have problems obtaining enough oxygen to meet normal metabolic demands. In aquaculture ponds, however, the biomass of plants, animals and microbes is much greater than in natural waters, so oxygen is sometimes consumed faster than it is replenished. Aeration is the term used to provide oxygen i.e. DO to the aquatic animals. Aquatic
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Depending on hydrobiological features aquaculture is divided into following:
(a) Freshwater,
(b) Brackish water,
(c) Metahaline, and
(d) Mariculture.
(a) Freshwater,
(b) Brackish water,
(c) Metahaline, and
(d) Mariculture.
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Water is maintained in an enclosed area by artificially constructed ponds where the aquatic animals such the finfish and shellfish are reared. The ponds may be filled with canal water, rain water, bore well water or from other water... more
Water is maintained in an enclosed area by artificially constructed ponds where the aquatic animals such the finfish and shellfish are reared. The ponds may be filled with canal water, rain water, bore well water or from other water sources.
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Telangana is known as the land of dams, reservoirs, lakes, tanks and canals than any other South Indian state. Nearly 3200 major / medium dams and barrages have been constructed in India till the year 2012. Government has identified... more
Telangana is known as the land of dams, reservoirs, lakes, tanks and canals than any other South
Indian state. Nearly 3200 major / medium dams and barrages have been constructed in India till
the year 2012. Government has identified 45,000+ tanks and lakes in a special intensive survey
on minor irrigation tanks in Telangana. The Program of Mission Kakatiya was inaugurated on 12
March 2015 by the chief minister Sri Kalvakuntla Chandrasekhara Rao garu. The main aim of
this program is to restore almost all the tanks and make as much as 250~270 TMC of water
available for agriculture, irrigation, livestock and drinking water needs. The Program of Mission
Kakatiyawas inaugurated on 12 March 2015 by the chief minister Sri Kalvakuntla
Chandrasekhara Rao garu. All the age old tanks restoration will completed, it can hold more
water catering to the needs of irrigation, live stock culture and recharge the ground water levels
in villages. The undivided state of Andhra Pradesh is known to contain 158 fish species under 68
genera. The
Indian state. Nearly 3200 major / medium dams and barrages have been constructed in India till
the year 2012. Government has identified 45,000+ tanks and lakes in a special intensive survey
on minor irrigation tanks in Telangana. The Program of Mission Kakatiya was inaugurated on 12
March 2015 by the chief minister Sri Kalvakuntla Chandrasekhara Rao garu. The main aim of
this program is to restore almost all the tanks and make as much as 250~270 TMC of water
available for agriculture, irrigation, livestock and drinking water needs. The Program of Mission
Kakatiyawas inaugurated on 12 March 2015 by the chief minister Sri Kalvakuntla
Chandrasekhara Rao garu. All the age old tanks restoration will completed, it can hold more
water catering to the needs of irrigation, live stock culture and recharge the ground water levels
in villages. The undivided state of Andhra Pradesh is known to contain 158 fish species under 68
genera. The
State Bester Teacher Awardee-2022
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Chordates are a group of animals that includes vertebrates, Tunicates, Lancelets. Of these, the vertebrates-lampreys, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals are called higher Vertebrates.
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The general instructions of what the students were expected to do was given. Students who were comfortable drawing an animal by themselves were given the option of drawing the animals while others had an option of pasting a picture of the... more
The general instructions of what the students were expected to do was given. Students who were comfortable drawing an animal by themselves were given the option of drawing the animals while others had an option of pasting a picture of the animal. Later, students wrote 8 to 10 sentences describing the physical features of the animals, their physical characteristics, food habits and habitation.
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Dr. Karri Rama Rao Bio-data
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The depth of water for a conditioning enclosure is to be maintained to a minimum of 30-35 cm. The period of conditioning depends on the size and health of the spawn, fry and fingerlings. Clean and natural water at a temperature of 20-23 ... more
The depth of water for a conditioning enclosure is to be maintained to a minimum of 30-35 cm. The period of conditioning depends on the size and health of the spawn, fry and fingerlings. Clean and natural water at a temperature of 20-23 C is suitable for conditioning of ornamental fishes.
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Polygenic inheritance first discover by Herman Nilsson-Elhe and East in kernel color in wheat. Charles Davenport and Gertrude C Devenport was discovered the inheritance of skin color in human. Character or trait refers to any property of... more
Polygenic inheritance first discover by Herman Nilsson-Elhe and East in kernel color in wheat. Charles Davenport and Gertrude C Devenport was discovered the inheritance of skin color in human.
Character or trait refers to any property of an individual showing heritable variation. It includes morphological, physiological, biochemical and behavioural properties. Some characters are governed by one or few genes. Such traits are referred to as qualitative characters or oligogenic characters.
Character or trait refers to any property of an individual showing heritable variation. It includes morphological, physiological, biochemical and behavioural properties. Some characters are governed by one or few genes. Such traits are referred to as qualitative characters or oligogenic characters.
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According to agriculture diary, poultry refers to a wide range of birds of various species and it applies to them generally alive or dressed that is killed and prepared for sales. It involves chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, guinea fowl,... more
According to agriculture diary, poultry refers to a wide range of birds of various species and it applies to them generally alive or dressed that is killed and prepared for sales. It involves chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, guinea fowl, pigeons, peacock, peafowl, ostriches, quails and even other game birds. Most of them may be classified based on the basis of utility, economic value or purpose and this may include meat type, Egg type, dual purpose, game, ornamental etc.
Changing food habits, globalization, industrialization, rising income and urbanization have created a favorable atmosphere for development of poultry sector.
Changing food habits, globalization, industrialization, rising income and urbanization have created a favorable atmosphere for development of poultry sector.
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Carp culture in ponds is basically a three tier culture system where the first step begins with the rearing of spawn up to fry (2–3 cm) stage for 2–3 weeks in nursery ponds followed by rearing of 2–3 weeks old fry for about 3 months up to... more
Carp culture in ponds is basically a three tier culture system where the first step begins with the rearing of spawn up to fry (2–3 cm) stage for 2–3 weeks in nursery ponds followed by rearing of 2–3 weeks old fry for about 3 months up to fingerling stage (8–12 cm) in rearing ponds before they are finally released in stocking ponds for growing up to table size fish.
Techniques of management involve (i) Manipulation of pond ecology, while maintaining the water quality parameters and (ii) The fish stock manipulation, supplementary feeding and health care.
Techniques of management involve (i) Manipulation of pond ecology, while maintaining the water quality parameters and (ii) The fish stock manipulation, supplementary feeding and health care.
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Introduction: Induced breeding is. a technique whereby ripe fish breeders are stimulated by pituitary hormone or any other synthetic hormone introduction to breed in captive condition. Then the carps being excited lay eggs in the pond... more
Introduction:
Induced breeding is. a technique whereby ripe fish breeders are stimulated by pituitary hormone or any other synthetic hormone introduction to breed in captive condition. Then the carps being excited lay eggs in the pond water and the process is called induced breeding. This process of breeding is also known as hypophysation.
Induced breeding is. a technique whereby ripe fish breeders are stimulated by pituitary hormone or any other synthetic hormone introduction to breed in captive condition. Then the carps being excited lay eggs in the pond water and the process is called induced breeding. This process of breeding is also known as hypophysation.
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Various types of gears are used for fishing in Inland and Marine waters. They may be of different size, shape and designs. These gears may be made by fishermen. They are also manufactured in cottage industries. The most common and widely... more
Various types of gears are used for fishing in Inland and Marine waters. They may be of different size, shape and designs. These gears may be made by fishermen. They are also manufactured in cottage industries. The most common and widely used fishing gear are different types of nets.
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Fishing crafts are most essential for catching the fish in large scale in water bodies. A large variety of crafts (boats) have been designed for marine and inland fishing in India. Crafts are provides platform for fishing operations,... more
Fishing crafts are most essential for catching the fish in large scale in water bodies. A large variety of crafts (boats) have been designed for marine and inland fishing in India. Crafts are provides platform for fishing operations, carrying the crew.
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In India large scale farming of Macrobrachium rosenbergii is very popular. It is commonly called Giant freshwater prawn or "Scampi". It has high demand in both domestic and international markets. India stands second in world aquaculture... more
In India large scale farming of Macrobrachium rosenbergii is very popular. It is commonly called Giant freshwater prawn or "Scampi". It has high demand in both domestic and international markets. India stands second in world aquaculture production next to China. Currently, Macrobrachium rosenbergii is the favorite species of Indian prawn culture. In India, Prawn Breeding unit of Central Inland Fisheries Research institutes developed indigenous technology for prawn culture in the year 1975.
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Fisheries refer to the areas or grounds which are characterized by intense rearing, catching, processing and selling of fish and aquatic resources. Fishery can be categorized into a) Fin fish f fisheries b) Shell fish fisheries and C)... more
Fisheries refer to the areas or grounds which are characterized by intense rearing, catching, processing and selling of fish and aquatic resources.
Fishery can be categorized into
a) Fin fish f fisheries b) Shell fish fisheries and C) Other aquatic resources
Fin fish fisheries are true fishes (Vertebrates) and Shell fish fisheries are non- fin fisheries (Invertebrates). Fin fisheries caught only fin like fishes, where fish which bear fins i.e true fish. Shell fisheries caught only shell like fishes such as Prawns, Crab,Llobster, Oyster, Muscles etc.,
Other aquatic resources such as sponges, jelly fishes, sea cucumbers, algae, sea grass etc.,
Fishery can be categorized into
a) Fin fish f fisheries b) Shell fish fisheries and C) Other aquatic resources
Fin fish fisheries are true fishes (Vertebrates) and Shell fish fisheries are non- fin fisheries (Invertebrates). Fin fisheries caught only fin like fishes, where fish which bear fins i.e true fish. Shell fisheries caught only shell like fishes such as Prawns, Crab,Llobster, Oyster, Muscles etc.,
Other aquatic resources such as sponges, jelly fishes, sea cucumbers, algae, sea grass etc.,
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Poultry farming for B. Sc s
Poultry Farming (Skill Development Course) CCE
Poultry Farming (Skill Development Course) CCE
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The mangrove ecosystems have great ecological and economical value. These ecosystems help in protecting the coastline from erosion and the destructive forces of cyclones, helps in generating many of the fishery resources and imparts value... more
The mangrove ecosystems have great ecological and economical value. These ecosystems help in protecting the coastline from erosion and the destructive forces of cyclones, helps in generating many of the fishery resources and imparts value to forestry products. Though the mangrove ecosystems provide enormous benefits to the mankind, they are repeatedly disturbed and destructed all over the world. Hence it has become a major global concern to protect the ecosystem and the diversity existing in it. According to the data from the past six decades, it was reported that one third of world’s mangrove forests have disappeared, thereby severely affecting the host biological species existing in it.
In the light of this, there is an urgent need to collect real-time information about the diversity of plants and animals existing in the marine mangrove ecosystems and document them in an appropriate manner. To this endeavour, the authors have put their best efforts in bringing out this publication entitled “Mangroves-ecosystems” and their efforts are highly appreciated. The information enshrined in this publication will be greatly beneficial to the readers, researchers and stimulate the end-users to understand the importance and usefulness of mangrove ecosystems and its diversity.
In the light of this, there is an urgent need to collect real-time information about the diversity of plants and animals existing in the marine mangrove ecosystems and document them in an appropriate manner. To this endeavour, the authors have put their best efforts in bringing out this publication entitled “Mangroves-ecosystems” and their efforts are highly appreciated. The information enshrined in this publication will be greatly beneficial to the readers, researchers and stimulate the end-users to understand the importance and usefulness of mangrove ecosystems and its diversity.
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This book also provides information about the chick anatomy, various diseases which infect poultry and cattle breeds. It covers the practical Under Graduate syllabus of CBCS pattern for paper entitled ‘Animal Husbandry’. The contents of... more
This book also provides information about the chick anatomy, various diseases which infect poultry and cattle breeds. It covers the practical Under Graduate syllabus of CBCS pattern for paper entitled ‘Animal Husbandry’. The contents of this handbook have been prepared by young and enthusiastic final year B.Sc., CBZ (EM) students (2021-‘22 batch) under the guidance of lecturers as a part of one of the best practices of our college. We wish this small contribution from student community will be of great help for anyone from the field of poultry farming and dairy technology.
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.Animal Husbandry Manual
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Animal Diversity- Invertebrates
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Omega-3 fatty acids (Health and Beauty)
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Recent trends in Aquaculture text book
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DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY PRACTICALS MANUAL
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Aquaculture practical manual
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The oxygen consumption and metabolic rates was observed at varying salinities from 1 ppt to 45 ppt to effect on 15-35°C temperatures in P. monodon. The results reveled that the shrimps were inactive and the metabolic rate was minimal at... more
The oxygen consumption and metabolic rates was observed at varying salinities from 1 ppt to 45 ppt to effect on 15-35°C temperatures in P. monodon. The results reveled that the shrimps were inactive and the metabolic rate was minimal at 15°C. With an increase in temperature the activity of the shrimp changed, resulting in more oxygen consumption. The shrimps were active in temperatures ranging from 25-30°C. At 25°C the metabolic rate is further increased, but the increase in metabolic rate between 15°C and 20°C is much higher when compared to the increase in metabolic rate between 20°C and 25°C. This is very much dependent upon the ambient salinity. An average of 50-60% increase in metabolic rate has been noticed with an increase of temperature from 15°C to 20°C at salinities up to 20 ppt. The percentage increase in the metabolic rate from 20°C to 25°C is 100-114%; i.e. with an increase of 10°C temperature, 100% increase in metabolic rate took place. The oxygen consumption is twice doubled with increase in temperature of 10°C from 15°C to 25°C or from 20°C to 30°C. But the increase in oxygen consumption is not doubled from 25°C to 35°C.
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Dissolved oxygen levels and variations have been monitored in culture pond stocked with P. monodon. Experiments were conducted on diurnal variations of oxygen consumption, temperature, pH, turbidity, growth and biomass. In the... more
Dissolved oxygen levels and variations have been monitored in culture pond stocked with P. monodon. Experiments were conducted on diurnal variations of oxygen consumption, temperature, pH, turbidity, growth and biomass. In the experimental culture pond the lowest oxygen was recorded in early morning is 2.08±0.183mg/lit and night (12 AM) is 4.73±0.295mg/lit at 124 to 128 days of culture period. The lowest water temperature was recorded in early morning is 19.7 0 C and evening (6PM) is 23.5 0 C at 130 days culture period. The lowest pH was recorded in early morning is 7.4 and evening 7.6 at 124 to 128 days. The lowest transparency/turbidity was recorded in early morning is 37.5 cm, and evening is 25.5 cms. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient of individual body weight and total biomass of R value is +1. This is a strong positive correlation, which means that high X variable scores go with high Y variable scores. The P-Value is <.00001hence the result is significant at p <.05. The F value of temperature, pH and turbidity is a value on the F distribution to determine the test is statistically significant in culture ponds.
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In the present investigation 65 species of water birds belonging to 8 orders, 21 families and 45 genera were recorded during the study period from June 2015 to May 2018 at Kondakarla Freshwater Lake. Orders, Charadriiformes were found to... more
In the present investigation 65 species of water birds belonging to 8 orders, 21 families and 45 genera were recorded during the study period from June 2015 to May 2018 at Kondakarla Freshwater Lake. Orders, Charadriiformes were found to be the most dominant with 19 species followed by Ciconiiformes represented with 16 species, Anseriformes with 9 species, Passeriformes with 8 species, Gruiformes with 6 species, Coraciiformes with 4 species, Pelecaniformes with 2 species, Podicipediformes and Columbiformes were represented to one species each. The parentage of species composition was revealed that the abundance of avifauna was highest record, 39 species were common and occupied 60.00% in the total population, followed by the uncommon birds are 21 contributed to 32.31%, five species were rare category contributed to 7.68%. An average yearly population diversity was resulted that richness of species was 41.92, Shannon-Wiener diversity Index (H) was 1.56, Maximum possible diversity ln (S) 3.73 and Evenness (E) 0.42.