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There is a long-standing tradition for the Editors of Bergey’s Manual to open their respective editions with the observation that the new edition is a departure from the earlier ones. As this volume goes to press, however, we recognize a need to deviate from this practice, by offering a separate preface to each volume within this edition.

This is a PDF file of 'A Literature Review of Risk Perception Studies in Behavioral Finance: The Emerging Issues' slides from a presentation at the 25th Annual Meeting of the Society for the Advancement of Behavioral Economics (SABE) Conference hosted by New York University on May 15-18, 2007.

The topic of risk perception is a noteworthy theme within the behavioral finance literature that examines the decision making process of unsophisticated and expert investors. The risk perception literature has a strong historical academic foundation that entails various attributes associated with the notion of the interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary perspective across the different fields such as behavioral finance, behavioral accounting, and psychology. The previous narrative risk perception literature review by Ricciardi (2004) demonstrated that scholars in financial psychology (behavioral finance), behavioral economics, and behavioral accounting have investigated and tested over 150 unique accounting, financial, and investment proxy risk factors (e.g., beta, current ratio) and more than 100 behavioral risk characteristics (e.g., overconfidence, familiarity bias). This presentation is a preliminary discussion that builds on the research work of Ricciardi (2004, 2006) and Ricciardi (2008). This presentation disclosed, 'What are the emerging issues within the behavioral finance risk perception literature?' In particular, this presentation provided an emerging collection of hypotheses based on the various theories, concepts, and themes from the earlier narrative literature review by Ricciardi (2004) and the forthcoming book chapter in Ricciardi (2008).

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Keywords: risk perception, perceived risk, risk analysis, risk management, risk communication, objective risk, subjective risk, behavioral accounting, behavioral economics, standard finance, behavioural finance, psychology, financial psychology, social sciences, risk, beta

The security market is very dynamic and volatile in nature, where prediction plays a pivotal role for an investor to invest in this market. Risk and return are two sides of a same coin, where both the aspects influence each other for an investment. Hence, understanding the risk involved in the investment helps to maximize returns. This study helps the investors to examine and compare the assessments along with the market and to identify the company which would be preferable to invest based on their risk-taking ability. The primary objective of the study was to assess the risk and return of the eight NSE listed financial services companies along with a secondary objective to compare individual company stock volatility before and after the event of demonetization. The tools and techniques used for analysis were Mean, Standard deviation, Beta, Correlation, Covariance and T-test. Analysis was done by using the closing prices of each month for all the selected companies (Bajaj Finserv, HDFC, ICICI, Axis, Cholamandalam investment and finance, State bank of India, Mahindra & Mahindra, Max finance services) for a specified time period. The findings of the study were that Bajaj Finserv had the highest returns amongst the selected eight companies and the volatility of all the selected eight companies had no difference before and after the event of demonetization. The overall study suggested that investors should always be ready to face any unforeseen events. To be on a safer side and to minimize the severity of loss during such events, various preventive measures like assessing the risk and return should be done well in advance.

The paper explains the required return and risk analysis of cement industry in Pakistan to determine the relationship among risk and expected return by capital asset pricing model (CAPM). There are total 18 companies are selected from the cement industry in Pakistan. The secondary data collection is used to calculate risk and return. The daily stock prices of 18 companies in cement industry and daily market data are taken for the period of January 2007 to December 2011. The pricing model is used for return and risk analysis is CAPM. The standard deviation is calculated as a risk of each security with mean returns and then market return is calculated to measure the systematic risk. The results are associated with this study that shows the validity in short period of time. The CAPM provides the nearly accurate results in given combination of years (2007-2011) in this short period of time of cement industry in Pakistan. All the companies in cement industry do not have same level of risk in same period of time.

Purpose: Trains of multiple  192 Ir seeds are used in many clinical trials for intravascular brachytherapy.  192 Ir source is commonly considered as a gamma emitter, despite the understanding that this radionuclide also emits a wide range of electron and beta ...

The wasp Ampulex compressa injects venom directly into the prothoracic ganglion of its cockroach host to induce a transient paralysis of the front legs. To identify the biochemical basis for this paralysis, we separated venom components according to molecular size and tested fractions for inhibition of synaptic transmission at the cockroach cercal-giant synapse. Only fractions in the low molecular weight range (<2 kDa) caused synaptic block. Dabsylation of venom components and analysis by HPLC and MALDI-TOF-MS revealed high levels of GABA (25 mM), and its receptor agonists β-alanine (18 mM), and taurine (9 mM) in the active fractions. Each component produces transient block of synaptic transmission at the cercal-giant synapse and block of efferent motor output from the prothoracic ganglion, which mimics effects produced by injection of whole venom. Whole venom evokes picrotoxin-sensitive chloride currents in cockroach central neurons, consistent with a GABAergic action. Together these data demonstrate that Ampulex utilizes GABAergic chloride channel activation as a strategy for central synaptic block to induce transient and focal leg paralysis in its host. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol, 2006

The CAPM model was developed to explain the differences in the risk premium across assets. According to the theory these differences are due to differences in the riskiness of the returns on the assets. The model states that the correct measure of the riskiness of an asset is its beta and that the risk premium per unit of riskiness is the same across all assets. Given the risk free rate and the beta of an asset, the CAPM predicts the expected risk premium for an asset. In this paper the empirical testing of CAPM has done to test whether or not the theories should be rejected and to provide information that can aid financial decisions

Key Words: CAPM, Securities, Return, Required Return, Beta, performance of IT, Pharmaceutical & Telecom Sector.

Financial System of the economy bridges a gap between people who have excess funds and the ones with deficit of Funds. Mutual Fund business has become a worthy option for Investment in Indian Financial Markets where majority of middle Indian families are those who want to get supreme return with a minimum risk and tax savings. The main objective of ` selectivity on the return of select Mutual Fund Schemes and observes that fund managers diversification did not fetch much returns on the schemes selected in the study.

Financial System of the economy bridges a gap between people who have excess funds and the ones with deficit of Funds. Mutual Fund business has become a worthy option for Investment in Indian Financial Markets where majority of middle Indian families are those who want to get supreme return with a minimum risk and tax savings. The main objective of ` selectivity on the return of select Mutual Fund Schemes and observes that fund managers diversification did not fetch much returns on the schemes selected in the study.

Financial System of the economy bridges a gap between people who have excess funds and the ones with deficit of Funds. Mutual Fund business has become a worthy option for Investment in Indian Financial Markets where majority of middle Indian families are those who want to get supreme return with a minimum risk and tax savings. The main objective of ` selectivity on the return of select Mutual Fund Schemes and observes that fund managers diversification did not fetch much returns on the schemes selected in the study

Stock prices have always been a subject of intrigue. Researchers have strived to find the factors which influence stock prices thereby returns. Fama and French constructed a 3 factor model which has been applied across the globe to test the validity of the model. The results have varied and have led to inclusion of other variables also in the model. In recent times validity of Fama-French model has been questioned. Also researchers have generally focused on market based factors to examine the relationship. Our study assesses the impact of firm specific fundamental factors, total assets (size effect), debt-equity ratio, current ratio, return on equity and dividend yield apart from market based factors, beta and price to book value ratio (value effect) on the stock returns. We have examined 198 stocks listed on National Stock Exchange (NSE, India). Panel data method is used for the study. Beta and value effect do explain the variation in stock returns. However, size effect and leverage have been found to be insignificant. In addition, we have found that return on equity and dividend yield also significantly affect the stock returns. Our study, thus, concludes that corporate factors, like return on equity and dividend yield, also influence the stock returns apart from the market based factors like beta and value effect.

This paper will portray how much reward one can expect as for the risk by considering Treynor proportion. Consequently, investor(s) can take choices dependent on the hazard with reward levels through the past exhibition of the stocks. We have estimated the stock risk and return level by contrasting with SPX list by utilizing Python interface.