Communication model

During the last glacial-interglacial cycle, northern hemispheric (NH) ice-sheets experienced dramatic changes in radiative forcing, due to orbitally-driven insolation changes and varying greenhouse gas concentrations. This direct forcing caused temperature changes and eventually ablation anomalies. Orbital-scale variations in the atmospheric circulation caused anomalies in temperature advection and precipitation/snowfall that also strongly contributed to the mass balance and hence the time-evolution

This paper describes the development of a methodology to import key products of the DoD Architecture Framework into an executable form to conduct a dynamic analysis of the Command and Control (C2) system or capability represented by the architecture. Dynamic analysis of these models enables a user to assess the impact of change and determine measures of performance and effectiveness. The research team successfully implemented the methodology in a demonstration that made a three-way link among a business process model, a communications network model, and a combat simulation representing the system's operational environment. We linked these models together via the Runtime Infrastructure (RTI) of the High Level Architecture (HLA). Basic HLA interactions that we established allowed key events in the combat simulation to initiate one or more business processes in the process model. As a business process proceeded in time, the process model requested from the communications model a de...

This paper describes two humanoid robots developed in the Humanoid Robotics Institute, Waseda University. Hadaly-2 is intended to realize information interaction with humans by integrating environmental recognition with vision, conversation capability (voice recognition, voice synthesis), and gesture behaviors. It also possesses physical interaction functions for direct contact with humans and behaviors that are gentle and safe for humans. WABIAN is a robot with a complete human configuration that is capable of walking on two legs and ...

Analysis of the pathways by which research outputs come to the attention of potential users, and of factors which influence uptake, requires selection of an appropriate analytical framework and set of indicators. The main factor influencing uptake by users, is the relevance to them of the research output itself. Relevance is not inherent in the research output, but a function of specific contextual factors. In addition the features of the research process and the ‘target’ have a bearing on uptake by intermediate users. Six analytical frameworks are briefly presented and compared. Models of the technology development process suggest questions about the nature and efficiency of linkages between the different elements of the process. Models of information processes focus on the fact that information is not simply passed on but is continually being transformed and adapted through communication. Models of the research management process suggest that the main determinant of relevance is the care and collaboration with which research goals are determined and research implementation is monitored and managed. Systems models allow us to move away from unilinear conceptions of technology development, and can deal more effectively with the diversity of information sources and channels available to potential users. This is also true of the multiple source of innovations and ‘farmer first’ models. Each framework has its uses and limitations: for any particular study, it is important to select one that is most suited to the type of research output and the particular issues under consideration. A wide range of socio-economic research methods have been used to explore promotion and uptake issues. Standard sample survey methods have limitations and alternatives are suggested. Publication, face-to-face interaction and electronic communication are the main pathways for promotion to fellow scientists. Long term relationships between collaborating institutions, and stability in research team composition, are factors in effective promotion at this level. Access to scientific publications in developing country research institutions is seen as a major constraint. Much is already known about the effectiveness of extension and communication methods among end users. There is undoubtedly a lot of untapped potential in the emerging communication technologies for low cost, effective access to agricultural information. The paper ends by suggesting a number of areas for future research on promotion and uptake.

Leadership is both a science and an art; how one chooses to employ it is relevant within the context of a given situation. Leadership exists within relationships that are present throughout an organization. Encouraging a collaborative environment promotes an ongoing integration of ideas and interdependency among multiple stakeholders throughout an organization. The purpose of this work is to provide an overview and analysis of collaborative leadership and shared management tactics. The overview includes an identification of differences between leadership and management, and applies the concepts to collaborative management practices. Analysis occurs in the form of a scholastic discussion related to the pragmatic application and inculcation of collaborative management strategies throughout a health care organization. One issue discussed relates to the lack of a common definition for collaborative management. A definition of collaborative management is based upon an extensive doctoral-level study that was conducted between January and February 2009. Collaboration is a synergistic work environment wherein multiple parties must work together toward the enhancement of health care management practices and processes. The discussion culminates with the presentation of a collaborative communications model developed through the conduct of an academic study. While not an end all document, the information contained within this work is applicable for practitioners of management processes through a pragmatic view of leadership. Health care management practices are changing and leaders must embrace change to remain successful in the management of health care.

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Balance and conservation of public health is a priority that State provides within plans and projects implemented through its institutions. Communicating risk and crisis is a motor activity that makes a difference when no eminent danger becomes threat to the public order. The strategic orientation of communication in the field of public health institutions requires for proper planning and execution of strategies to inform and to persuade people. Strategic Communication management is a task that World Health Organization (2005) claims to governments and their institutions in order to provide skills and health practices to its populations. In the public scenario of health contingency, informative diligence incorporates mechanisms that contribute to raise peoples' awareness, to guide behavior and to enable decision making. Strategic communication of public health ministries is positioned as an efficient formula that allows through its actions neutralize the perception of risks in societies and reflects the confidence of acting in emergency situations (Martinez, V 2007); its organized and systematized vision allows the achievement of objectives that protect security and public order. Despite the importance of this strategic planning of public communication, there are risks and emergency situations in which failure management prevails. The disproportion between communication actions for risk and crisis management seems to be the reason why the informational disharmony becomes another kind of threat. The intervention of public relations approach as mediator perspective in information management seems to be the key to dissuade the risks involved in the health risk communication. Ongoing research analyzes the strategic communication approach in situations of risk and emergency of public health crisis. This paper presents a review of the prospects for risk and crisis communication that allows identifying what it is proposed as features that keep in balance the management of information risk in emergency situations. From a theoretical review supported by the functionalist paradigm (Wright Ch., 1979), have been identified and described the three functions considered as essential in the process of risk and crisis communication. Surveillance of the environment, Correlation and transmission of culture, have been proposed as main actions that outline strategic communication for the prevention, management and control of information in health contingencies. With this, it is possible to conclude, so far, that both risk communication and crisis communication are links that defined the key to understand and design programs for the management of public information.

Emerging computing architectures present concurrent, het- erogeneous, and hierarchical organizations. Explicit management of dis- tributed memories, bulk communications, and the careful scheduling of data and computation for locality of reference appear to be necessary to achieve high eciencies relative to the peak performance. In some cases, the architectures present mixed execution models. We present the design of a software mapping

The Stable Matching problem was introduced by Gale and Shapley in 1962. The input for the stable matching problem is a complete bipartite K n,n graph together with a ranking for each node. Its output is a matching that does not contain a blocking pair, where a blocking pair is a pair of elements that are not matched together but rank each other higher than they rank their current mates. In this work we study the Distributed Weighted Stable Matching problem. The input to the Weighted Stable Matching problem is a complete bipartite K n,n graph and a weight function W. The ranking of each node is determined by W, i.e. node v prefers node u 1 over node u 2 if W((v,u 1)) > W((v, u 2)). Using this ranking we can solve the original Stable Matching problem. We consider two different communication models: the billboard model and the full distributed model. In the billboard model, we assume that there is a public billboard and each participant can write one message on it in each time step. In the distributed model, we assume that each node can send O(logn) bits on each edge of the K n,n . In the billboard model we prove a somewhat surprising tight bound: any algorithm that solves the Stable Matching problem requires at least n − 1 rounds. We provide an algorithm that meets this bound. In the distributed communication model we provide an algorithm named intermediation agencies algorithm, in short (IAA), that solves the Distributed Weighted Stable Marriage problem in $O(\sqrt{n})$ rounds. This is the first sub-linear distributed algorithm that solves some subcase of the general Stable Marriage problem.

Existing user-level network interfaces deliver high bandwidth, low latency performance to applications, but are typically unable to support diverse styles of communication and are unsuitable for use in multiprogrammed environments. Often this is because the network abstraction is presented at too high a level, and support for synchronisation is inflexible. In this paper we present a new primitive for in-band synchronisation: the Tripwire. Tripwires provide a flexible, efficient and scalable means for synchronisation that is orthogonal to data transfer. We describe the implementation of a non-coherent distributed shared memory network interface, with Tripwires for synchronisation. This interface provides a low-level communications model with gigabit class bandwidth and very low overhead and latency. We show how it supports a variety of communication styles, including remote procedure call, message passing and streaming.