Retailers

The biggest concern of each retailer is the design of the store. The standards set for urban retail stores are important for retailers, especially for grocery stores and large retail areas. Therefore, the store format affects both the purchasing environment and the behavior of the buyers who visit the store. A well-designed store format can create positive buying behaviour that is reflected in the type of purchase behaviour that a retailer must perform. Until now, however, many stores often build common and boring structures for the design of their store, which results in obsolete store formats. Another important aspect that retailers should consider with caution is the distribution of items on the shelves. The efficient distribution of executive board space is not limited to limiting the monetary risks associated with the collection of empty items, but can also result in greater customer satisfaction, a superior relationship with the buyer and a much more critical evaluation. It can have a tremendous constructive impact on the supply of objects.

In recent years the scale and scope of retailer internationalisation activity has grown markedly, mainly through increasing levels of cross‐border merger and acquisition activity. This has been particularly prevalent among companies operating in the food retail sector. During this time, and within the context of increased merger and acquisition activity in international markets, the financial institutions have taken an increasingly prominent role in the retail internationalisation process. Explores the nature of the financial institutions’ role in the retailer internationalisation process and, specifically, the extent to which the financial institutions actually inhibit and/or promote retail international activity. A key purpose of this study is to examine some of the drivers and inhibitors of the retailer internationalisation process. Reports the findings from 30 in‐depth interviews with food retail analysts of the leading investment banks in the City of London. The findings from t...

Digitalization has made a new but substantial entry in the Indian market; which was considered to be unorganized and traditional in many aspects. Over the years, due to better networks, stakeholder’s acceptance and Government initiative, there is a new framework is evolving for digital payments under organized wallets backed by up Government as well as private players. No denying fact that due to this intervention, various linkages to the sustainability is arising, which is the utmost need in the Indian context. In this paper 100 consumers (50 Digital Wallet users and 50 Non Digital wallet users) and 50 retailers (25 Digital Wallet Acceptor and 25 Non 25 Digital Wallet Acceptor) will be surveyed using a structure questionnaire. Using SPSS, their responses were analyzed and a model will be proposed in order to establish and determine the various interlinking’s among the digitalization, wallets and sustainability in Indian context using Mann Whitney U Test and Kruskal-Wallis test (H test). This paper has implication for future digital marketing strategists, policy makers and research enthusiasts of the similar area. This paper will be a convergence of digitalization and sustainability in Indian context.

Purpose-The objective of this study is to find out the impact of demographics (age, income and gender) on the impulse buying behaviour for the purchase of grocery products. Design / Methodology/ Approach-Exploratory analysis using quantitative approach is employed. The sample is drawn from the individuals who visited Reliance Fresh and Big Baazar (two important retail chains in India). Findings-The relationship of gender and age with impulse buying behaviour is not significant. There is a positive relationship between income of the consumers and their impulse buying behaviour. Originality / Value-After critically analyzing the literature on impulse buying, certain gap areas were identified. Only a few studies have focused on the impulse buying of grocery products. In the Indian context very, limited studies have explored the impulse buying behaviour of the consumers in Odisha.

Indian Modern Food Retail Chains (MFRC) have been growing as the fastest in developing countries for the last two decades. What impact will it have on existing fruits and vegetables (F&Vs) supply chains, procurement price offered to farmers and consumers’ purchase prices? This paper analyses the evolution of MFRC, particularly during the last two decades. Further, the paper traces the current structure and expansion of retailing through supermarkets in India and discerns the strategy of the retail chains and price spread in F&Vs. This paper is based on primary survey and data were collected in 2019 in Chennai, Tamilnadu. Field findings show that domestic modern retailers resort to joint ventures with other international companies mainly for utilizing their international experience, expertise in brand development and retail led technological development. The authors noted that the MFRC have shifted away from the use of spot markets towards purchasing directly from the farmers for differentiating their product from traditional retailers, maintaining higher product quality, consistency and cutting costs in order to compete with the traditional players and wet markets. This paper concludes that most of the F&Vs and MFRC offer higher prices to the farmers as compared with traditional and spot market prices

Marketing of fish and fishery products in Dinajpur and livelihoods of the fish retailers were studied during the period from January to May 2013. A total of 60 fish retailers were interviewed for obtaining pertinent data. A survey questionnaire was developed, pre-tested and finally used for the collection of data. The collected data were tabulated using conventional statistical tools. The result showed that the livelihoods of a large number of people are associated with fish and fishery products distribution and marketing in six different markets. Three types of marketing channels were found to be operated in the selected markets. The shorter marketing chain which included the fish farmers, retailers and consumers was found to be more beneficial to the fish producers. Fish traders in village markets generally operate a capital of around TK. 8,000-10,000 and traders in town markets a capital of around TK. 10,000-20,000per day. It was found that most of the fish traders used their own money. The price of fish depends on market structure, species, and freshness, supply-demand of fish and size of fish. There are seasonal variations in prices with the highest in summer (March to May), and lowest in pre-winter: (September to November)during the fish harvesting season. Different types of dried and salted fish were sold in the markets. Traders have broadly improved their food consumption facilities, the standard of living, and purchasing power as an economic sector. However, the unhygienic conditions of the marketplace, lack of ice facilities, poor infrastructure, inadequate storage and poor transportation facilities were reported to be the major constraints hindering the marketing system in the surveyed areas. It is, therefore, necessary to the provision of governmental, institutional and banking assistance for the improvement of the marketing system.

This paper presents the preliminary findings of a study researching the diffusion and the adoption of online retailing in Saudi Arabia. It reports new research that identifies and explores the key issues that positively and negatively influence retailers in Saudi Arabia regarding the adoption of electronic commerce. Retailers in Saudi Arabia have been reserved in their adoption of electronically delivered aspects of their business. Despite the fact that Saudi Arabia has the largest and fastest growth of ICT marketplaces in the Arab ...

The concept of the circular economy is gaining momentum in political and business thinking about the transition to a more sustainable future. EuroCommerce and the European Retail Round Table, for example, have argued that leading retailers are keen to play a leading role in shaping the circular economy within Europe. This exploratory research note outlines the characteristic features of the concept of the circular economy, provides some illustrations of how Europe's leading retailers are publicly addressing circular economy approaches and offers some general reflections on the application of the concept within the retail sector of the economy. The findings reveal that almost 50% of the leading European retailers signalled a commitment to the circular economy and to the principles underpinning it and a number of them looked to evidence their commitment within their retail operations. That said the authors suggest that If Europe's leading retailers' public commitments to a more circular economy are to become a reality then they will not only need to effect a radical change in their current business models and that this will need to be accompanied by radical changes in consumers consumption behaviour. More contentiously, there must be concerns that the leading European retailers might effectively capture the concept of the circular economy to justify continuing economic growth.

Iodine deficiency is severe public health problem in Ethiopia. One out of every 1000 population is mentally handicapped due to a congenital thyroid deficiency, and about 50,000 prenatal deaths are occurring annually due to iodine deficiency disorders. Even though the problem is serious, there were no adequate researches conducted. Therefore, this study focuses on assessment of handling practices of iodized salt and the amount of iodine concentration retained in iodized salts at households and retailers level in Wondo Genet town. The objective of this study was to assess handling practices and concentration of iodine across iodized salt consumption in retailers and households level. Two hundred ninety four households and seventh six retailers were selected by systematic random sampling method for survey using questionnaire and rapid test kit method was used to measure iodine concentration of salt used by the households. The result of this study indicated that iodized salt coverage was found to be 100 % at households and retailers level. Iodine level in the salt examined by iodometric titration, in this study was 4.4 to 70.9 ppm. This indicates the need for further improvement of handling practices of iodized salt. Iodine level in the salt examined by iodometric titration in this study was 60.54% of households and 65.79% retailers salt samples had 15-40 ppm iodine concentration. This shows that in the iodized salt there is no adequate iodine content in accordance with the recommendation. Majority of the households 37.4% add iodized salt half way during boiling of the food/coffee. Although the coverage of iodized salt in the study area was high but availability of adequate iodized salt at household level was low as compared to the WHO recommendation. Eden Leka Lench Lecturer Hawassa University in the school of Nutrition Food science and Technology Dereje Getahun lecturers at school of nutrition, food science and technology, Hawassa University, southern Ethiopia Menen Zegeye, lecturers at school of nutrition, food science and technology, Hawassa University, southern Ethiopia Kidist Fikre, lecturers at school of nutrition, food science and technology, Hawassa University, southern Ethiopia Fikadu Reta, lecturers at school of nutrition, food science and technology, Hawassa University, southern Ethiopia Tafese Bosha Asisstant professor lecturers at school of nutrition, food science and technology, Hawassa University, southern Ethiopia There for this shows that handling practice of iodized salt at the household and retailer level and utilization practice at the household level is poor.

Digitalization has made a new but substantial entry in the Indian market; which was considered to be unorganized and traditional in many aspects. Over the years, due to better networks, stakeholder's acceptance and Government initiative, there is a new framework is evolving for digital payments under organized wallets backed by up Government as well as private players. No denying fact that due to this intervention, various linkages to the sustainability is arising, which is the utmost need in the Indian context. In this paper 100 consumers (50 Digital Wallet users and 50 Non Digital wallet users) and 50 retailers (25 Digital Wallet Acceptor and 25 Non 25 Digital Wallet Acceptor) will be surveyed using a structure questionnaire. Using SPSS, their responses were analyzed and a model will be proposed in order to establish and determine the various interlinking's among the digitalization, wallets and sustainability in Indian context using Mann Whitney U Test and Kruskal-Wallis test (H test). This paper has implication for future digital marketing strategists, policy makers and research enthusiasts of the similar area. This paper will be a convergence of digitalization and sustainability in Indian context.

Purpose – The objective of this study is to find out the impact of demographics (age, income and gender) on the impulse buying behaviour for the purchase of grocery products. Design / Methodology/ Approach - Exploratory analysis using quantitative approach is employed. The sample is drawn from the individuals who visited Reliance Fresh and Big Baazar (two important retail chains in India). Findings – The relationship of gender and age with impulse buying behaviour is not significant. There is a positive relationship between income of the consumers and their impulse buying behaviour. Originality / Value – After critically analyzing the literature on impulse buying, certain gap areas were identified. Only a few studies have focused on the impulse buying of grocery products. In the Indian context very, limited studies have explored the impulse buying behaviour of the consumers in Odisha.

Indian Modern Food Retail Chains (MFRC) have been growing as the fastest in developing countries for the last two decades. What impact will it have on existing fruits and vegetables (F&Vs) supply chains, procurement price offered to farmers and consumers' purchase prices? This paper analyses the evolution of MFRC, particularly during the last two decades. Further, the paper traces the current structure and expansion of retailing through supermarkets in India and discerns the strategy of the retail chains and price spread in F&Vs. This paper is based on primary survey and data were collected in 2019 in Chennai, Tamilnadu. Field findings show that domestic modern retailers resort to joint ventures with other international companies mainly for utilizing their international experience, expertise in brand development and retail led technological development. The authors noted that the MFRC have shifted away from the use of spot markets towards purchasing directly from the farmers for differentiating their product from traditional retailers, maintaining higher product quality, consistency and cutting costs in order to compete with the traditional players and wet markets. This paper concludes that most of the F&Vs and MFRC offer higher prices to the farmers as compared with traditional and spot market prices.

Studies using the Regulatory-Intermediary-Target (RIT) framework have examined a variety of forms of regulatory capture, including how targets capture intermediaries (TàI) and how intermediaries capture regulators (IàR). Little attention has been paid to why and how regulators themselves might engage in capture. Yet such a scenario is likely in transnational gover-nance settings characterized by regulatory competition and conflict, as well as power differentials between different types of private regulators (non-governmental organizations, multinational corporations, and business associations). This paper elucidates why and how a private regulator might capture another private regulator via a regulatory intermediary: R1àIàR2. Drawing on interview and archival data, I examine three industry-driven regulatory intermediaries created to harmonize private labor codes of conduct and ethical audit processes. These are founded and governed by a small group of retail trade associations and global retailers who also fulfill the role of private regulators (R1). My analysis reveals that the creation of these intermediaries is driven by global retailers' reliance on standardization, low transaction costs, and regulatory harmonization across all aspects of their operations. It further reveals how the harmonization platforms are designed to leverage global retailers' market power and evolve from regulatory intermediaries into de facto regulators that supplant existing private regulators (R2), and thereby capture transnational governance of consumer product supply chains. The article concludes by discussing contributions, implications, and avenues for future research.

Following restructuring of power industry, electricity supply to end-use customers has undergone fundamental changes. In the restructured power system, some of the responsibilities of the vertically integrated distribution companies have been assigned to network managers and retailers. Under the new situation, retailers are in charge of providing electrical energy to electricity consumers who have already signed contract with them. Retailers usually provide the required energy at a variable price, from wholesale electricity markets, forward contracts with energy producers, or distributed energy generators, and sell it at a fixed retail price to its clients. Different strategies are implemented by retailers to reduce the potential financial losses and risks associated with the uncertain nature of wholesale spot electricity market prices and electrical load of the consumers. In this paper, the strategic behavior of retailers in implementing forward contracts, distributed energy sources, and demand-response programs with the aim of increasing their profit and reducing their risk, while keeping their retail prices as low as possible, is investigated. For this purpose, risk management problem of the retailer companies collaborating with wholesale electricity markets, is modeled through bi-level programming approach and a comprehensive framework for retail electricity pricing, considering customers' constraints, is provided in this paper. In the first level of the proposed bi-level optimization problem, the retailer maximizes its expected profit for a given risk level of profit variability, while in the second level, the customers minimize their consumption costs. The proposed programming problem is modeled as Mixed Integer programming (MIP) problem and can be efficiently solved using available commercial solvers. The simulation results on a test case approve the effectiveness of the proposed demand-response program based on dynamic pricing approach on reducing the retailer's risk and increasing its profit.

Merchandise managers have long dreamt of automated dynamic systems to help them make well-informed pricing decisions. However, such systems have proved as elusive as the Holy Grail - until now, that is. The story of an Austrian DIY retailer shows often undetected opportunities to use valuable information, hidden in retailers' data warehouses, on consumer reactions to previous price changes in order to make automatic pricing and promotion decisions.