Spanish Florida

Critics have missed the music of Seraph on the Suwanee. In response, this paper listens to the music of Zora Neale Hurston’s final novel through the ears of Alejo Carpentier. Although Carpentier published Concierto barroco (1974) twenty-six years after Hurston’s Seraph on the Suwanee (1948), the later novel offers a new reading of American music that changes how readers view the earlier work, in part because Concierto barroco creates an understanding of music in a Caribbean context that suffuses both novels. Although unknown to each other, musical and anthropological interests connect these coeval literary figures. Most compellingly, the trope of music in Hurston’s fictive work puts her musical rhetoric in conversation with Carpentier. In Music, the Brain, and Ecstasy: How Music Captures Our Imagi- nation, Robert Jourdain (1997) discusses the rare ability to create music in one’s mind, a characteristic evident in the protagonists of both of the novels under discussion. Together, this paper ultimately argues, Hurston and Carpentier make beautiful music.

This report presents the archaeological and documentary evidence that the so-called "White Ranch Site", 8MR3538, claimed as an early contact site, in fact never existed, and that claims that it represented an early contact site should be regarded as conclusively disproven.

Excavations at the terrestrial settlement of Tristán de Luna y Arellano on Pensacola Bay suggest that the material culture of the colonists at the site between 1559 and 1561 included a significant amount of contemporaneous Native American ceramics evidently scavenged along with food from evacuated communities along the coast and interior. Combined with newly-discovered documentation detailing the establishment and use of a road between Pensacola and the temporary Spanish settlement at Nanipacana in central Alabama, and deteriorating Native-Spanish relations during this period, these new data offer important insights into the indigenous social geography of this region at a pivotal time.

El presente artículo estudia el manuscrito de La Florida del Inca publicado por Miguel Maticorena Estrada con el título «La Florida»: facsímil de un nuevo manuscrito (2015). El objetivo del estudio es corregir el estado de la crítica actual que establece que este texto fue una versión preliminar de La Florida del Inca
(1605) del Inca Garcilaso de la Vega. Esta investigación sustenta que el manuscrito de Maticorena constituye un documento de trabajo elaborado por el cronista mayor de Indias Antonio de Herrera y Tordesillas durante su tarea de síntesis y adaptación de la obra del Inca para insertarla en la crónica oficial española. El estudio se divide en tres secciones. En primer lugar, se indaga en la vía burocrática por la cual Antonio de Herrera obtuvo el manuscrito inédito de La Florida del Inca que utilizó para elaborar el manuscrito encontrado por Maticorena. En segundo lugar, se realiza un cotejo entre la caligrafía presente en el manuscrito de Maticorena y algunos documentos autógrafos de Antonio de Herrera que confirma su autoría. En tercer lugar, se analizan algunos elementos del manuscrito que revelan aspectos centrales del
método historiográfico de Antonio de Herrera.

The documentary record suggests that Cuban fisherman and "Spanish" Indians established seasonal camps and semi-permanent settlements along the Southwest Gulf Coast of the Florida peninsula in the late 18th century, particularly after the retrocession of the colony from British rule to the Spanish crown in 1783. These fishing "ranchos," as they were called, were reported to be in frequent use through the first half of the 19th century. In 1897, Cushing recovered three pale terracotta pipes on Fisherman's Key (in eastern Pine Island Sound) that are now in the University of Pennsylvania Museum's collections. In 1998, a fragment of a terracotta pipe bowl with a decorative motif and design nearly identical to one of the pipes recovered by Cushing, was recovered during monitoring on Marco Island, 50 miles down the coast. Recent archaeological reports from Cuba and Spain confirm the likely Spanish manufacturing origin of this late 18th- to early 19th-century unique reed-stemmed terracotta pipe form and provide supporting material evidence of the Cuban and Native Floridian fishing communities present along the Gulf Coast two centuries ago.

This presentation was made for the 73rd Annual Meeting of the Florida Anthropological Society on 22 May 2021.

1993 Relation of the Island of Florida, by Luys Hernandez de Biedma.  In The De Soto Chronicles: The Expedition of Hernando de Soto to North America in 1539-1543, ed. by L.A. Clayton, V.J. Knight, Jr., and E.C. Moore, pp. 221-46. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.

A 2016 bibliography focuses on the history and materiality for maroons in Florida during 1770s-1821 but including other relevant scholarship. Created for the 2015-16 Tragedy and Survival:  Bicentennial of the Southward Movement of Black Seminoles on Florida’s Gulf Coast

Abstract
We choose this investigation as part of my larger investigative work about the Christianization of Florida in sixteenth-seventeenth centuries. This work light very short and very important moment births and death French Florida (“La Floride Française”), which existed from 1562 to 1565 years. This period left a very deep mark on world history. We open the chain very interesting and connecting events that took place in different parts of the World: Spanish Florida, West-India, English, France, Spain, Italy. Also, we analyzed the actions of France, English during the Religion Wars in Europe, and their preparing which were connected with wishes of Frenchmen and English to reach Spanish Florida and close the ways the route Spanish ships. We have found the roots of the events that allowed the beginning of the raids of English pirates Drake in the New World.
Also, we traced the first raids of John Hawking - Francis Drake with the aims for contraband trade and to find the settlements of France on the territories of North America. We found the connection between French Jean Ribault and the Queen's intention to reach America in 1563. The practical and theoretical significance this work is big because it led to an understanding of the events scattered across different countries, which caused the secret actions and backstage games of France, England, and Spain, this led to the understanding of events scattered across different countries, which caused the secret actions and backstage games of France, England and Spain, as a result of which it became possible the hegemony of Spain on the territory of Spanish Florida, and France and England failed to cut the shipping routes for Spanish ships between America and Europe. But these same events triggered the rapid development of piracy and illegal trade by England and France in West India, New Spain, Terra Nova, and Spanish Florida. The paper shows how faith and patriotism could show how patriotism and faith can conflict and change the vector of action at the state level.
Also, we show the intelligence activities England to identify routes for further capture of parts of modern North America and establish its protectorate.

This study examines how justice was administered to regular Army soldiers in the military courts of East Florida during the era known as the Second Spanish period (1784-1821).  The study is based on original Spanish records created by the courts-martial at the provincial capital of St. Augustine.  The study determines that local realities, rather than imperial-level protocols, had a greater influence on the administration justice.

In the eighteenth century the island of Cuba remained a strategic point in the system of the Spanish Silver Fleet. Even as recipient of an important cash subsidy of the Viceroyalty of New Spain, it requested the issuance of a provincial copper currency, which eventually was coined during the War of Jenkins’ Ear, and the problems related to the lack of circulation maintained throughout the century. It is also studied in this paper the currency in circulation in the dependent territories of Florida and Louisiana.

tribes of Florida, Fontaneda, Fontanedo, pre-seminol, florida tribes, history of America, history of North America, history of aborigines, chiefs of tribes of Florida, Florida in XVI century, colonial period, Florida in the colonial period, Kalusa, Tokobaga, Carlos, Carlos, Tanpa, Yagua, Estantapaca, Queyhcha, Juestocobaga, Sinapa, Tomo, Cayuca,  Ñeguitun, Avir, Cutespa, Çononogua, Esquete, Tonçobe (Tonsobe), Chipi, Taguagemue, Namuguya, Caragara, Henhenquepa, Opacataga, Janar, Escuru, Metamapo, Estame, Çacaspada, Satucuava, Juchi, Soco, Vuebe ,Teyo, Muspa, Casitua (Casitoa), Cotevo, Coyovia, Tequemapo, Jutan (Jutun), Custevuiya (Custevia, Custebiya), Cotevo, Coyobea (Coyovia),  Tequemapo,  Jutun (Jutan),  Ño, Sinaesta, Calaobe, Guava, Guebu, Comachicaquiseyobe, Enenpa, Guarungube o Guarungunbe, Cuchyaga o Cuchiyaga, Cuchiaga , Tatesta (Carlos), Tequesta o Tegesta, Tavuaçio o Tavuasia (Carlos), Janar, Cavista, Custegiyo, Jeaga, Ays, Vuacata o Guacata, Mayjuaca o Guacata, Tunsa, Mayjuaca o Mayajuaca, Maycoya, Mayaca, Çilili, Potano, Moloa, Utina, Saravai o Sarabai, Sotoriba o Sotoriva, Moloa el bravo, Alimacany o Alimacani, Palica, Tacatucuru, Guale, Parca o Paica, Olagale, Abalachi, Onagatano, Mocoso o Mogoso, Tocobaga o Tocovaga, Cañagacola o Cañogacola, Pebe, Esquega, Osigbede o Osiguebede, Piyaya, Tanpacaste, Uzita, Pohoy, Guacozo, Luca, Vicela, Tocaste, Auera и Ostaga.

Facing Florida is the third volume that has emerged from a gathering of scholars in Saint Augustine dedicated to the study of the fascinating history of the Franciscan Order and the peoples of the Spanish Borderlands. Earlier volumes are Franciscans and American Indians in Pan-Borderlands Perspective and From La Florida to La California.

Since the 2015 discovery of the 1559-1561 Tristán de Luna settlement in Pensacola, the University of West Florida has conducted archaeological investigations of the site of this earliest multi-year European settlement in the continental United States. Based on a comprehensive shovel-test survey, three summer field schools, and multiple mitigation projects in this residential neighborhood, we continue to learn about this short-lived colony. This paper discusses ongoing analysis of the spatial distribution of artifacts across the Luna settlement, focusing on the relative proportions of various functional artifact categories as a means for understanding patterns of residence and activity within the settlement.

Exponemos en este artículo diversos acontecimientos que jalonaron la vida activa del capitán Juan Rodríguez de Cartaya, capitán “de mar y tierra” en San Agustín de la Florida en el primer cuarto del siglo XVII. Al servicio de varios gobernadores, realizó múltiples tareas militares,
administrativas y de información, en un entorno dominado por tribus indias hostiles y piratas ingleses y holandeses. Destacó en diversas misiones, entre las que descolla –en 1609- la “jornada del Jacán”, al mando del capitán Fernández de Écija. En 1622 moriría ahogado al tratar de rescatar a un náufrago español, cautivo por los “yndios moros caribes”, dejando numerosa descendencia en la colonia.

Aim. To comprehensively study the real historical events that took place in 1562-1567 in Spanish Florida, when Spain was vilified by its enemies, while the illegal actions of the French themselves were presented in a different light to the society of France and Europe. Methodology. The following important works formed the basis of this research: Bennett's publications, including the memoirs of the French who participated in the events; the letters from the kings of Spain and France, as well as Spanish ambassadors in France; the memoirs of the contemporaries of those events and published manuscripts. The research was conducted using the methods of comparison, historical analysis, and expert assessment. Results. The history of the struggle between Spain and France on the shores of modern Florida and in the West Indies in 1565 allows drawing a historical parallel between the development of manipulative methods of influence today and the methods of denigrating the enemy 450 years ago. Both then and today the "image of the enemy" is used to justify any illegal actions. The examples from 450 years ago show how bribery and the economic incentives of the "fifth column" of traitors within the country can cause irreparable damage to an entire state. Research implications. The historic examples show and reveal the myths about Spain, as well as the methods and scale of the information war aimed at creating an image of the enemy for the society of France and European countries. A comparative analysis of these historical events of 1563-1565 and contemporary technologies of information warfare sets a prospect for further studies.

Abstract.
Aim. To analyze the events that took place in Spain and in the West Indies before the discovery of Florida. The collected new and existing materials were used to investigate the internal and external reasons that led to the need for Ponce de Leon's expedition in 1513.
Methodology. The author analyzed the corpus of texts and found multiple causal relationships that had previously been either ignored or described partially without connection with other events in different parts of the world due to the fragmentation of informative sources in the past.
Results. The study presents a new perspective on the events of the expedition of Ponce de Leon, who discovered Florida in 1513.
Research implications. The author managed to upgrade the issue of the opening of Florida as one of the key moments in the history of the Conquest and to review the events of 1513 in a new light of the interplay of various factors occurring in the societies of Spanish colonists in the West Indies in the early 16th century, as well as in Europe and in the territories of the aborigines of South Florida.

Despite the fact that archaeological ceramics have long been viewed as a proxy for ethno-political identity, recent research exploring the precise relationship between ceramics and identity during the historic-era southeastern United States provides increasing support for the conclusion that geographic variability in archaeological ceramics is best viewed through the lens of practice, and that archaeological phases correspond better to communities of practice than communities of identity. When viewed through the lens of practice theory and social learning theory, it becomes clear that the coexistence of both communities of practice and communities of identity within the same social landscape does not guarantee automatic correspondence between the two realms, nor even does any demonstrated correspondence necessarily prove a causal link between a community of practice and a community of identity that happen to be coterminous. Each type of community must be studied independently using appropriate and available data, and only by first disentangling the two can any demonstrable connection between communities of practice (such as archaeological phases) and communities of identity (such as historically-documented polities or ethnies) be established empirically. Only then can the exact reasons for any congruence (or lack thereof) be explored in a systematic and rigorous manner.

This first volume of a two volume set represents the result of six years of additional research beyond my 1992 dissertation, and presents a detailed analysis of the emergence, structure, and function of the 17th-century colonial system of Spanish Florida, focusing on the Timucuan chiefdoms of the northern peninsular interior of Florida.  The volume explores not only the internal details of indigenous Timucuan chiefly social organization and political economy, but also the over-arching political structure of the military and Franciscan jurisdictions of Spanish Florida, as well as the geographic and demographic infrastructure and the underlying economic basis of the Florida mission system, including a detailed description of the repartimiento labor draft and the sale of surplus corn from the mission provinces, as well as the emergence of private enterprise in the mission provinces (ISBN: 978-0813068398).

Resumen: En el siglo XVIII la isla de Cuba siguió siendo un punto estratégico en el sistema de las Flotas de la Plata. Aún siendo receptora de un importante situado de Nueva España, solicitó la emisión de una moneda provincial de cobre, que finalmente fue acuñada durante la Guerra del Asiento, y los problemas derivados de la falta de circulante se mantuvieron durante toda la centuria. Asimismo, se estudia en el presente artículo la moneda en circulación en los territorios dependientes de las Floridas y Luisiana.

Abstract:  In the eighteenth century the island of Cuba remained a strategic point in the system of the Spanish Silver Fleet. Even as recipient of an important cash subsidy of the Viceroyalty of New Spain, it requested the issuance of a provincial copper currency, which eventually was coined during the War of Jenkins' Ear, and the problems related to the lack of circulation maintained throughout the century. It is also studied in this paper the currency in circulation in the dependent territories of Florida and Louisiana.

Résumé: Au XVIIIe siècle, l'île de Cuba est restée un point stratégique dans le système de la flotte espagnole. Même en tant que destinataire d'un important paiement en garnison de la Nouvelle-Espagne, a demandé l'émission d'une pièce de monnaie de cuivre provinciale, qui a finalement été réalisé pendant la Guerre de l'oreille de Jenkins, et les problèmes découlant de l'absence de circulation est maintenue tout au long du siècle. Également étudié dans ce papier-monnaie en circulation dans les territoires dépendants des Florides et de la Louisiane.

Аннотация.
I. Цель исследования.
Главной задачей исследования было всесторонне изучить реальные исторические события, происходившие в 1562-1567 годах на Земле Испанской Флориды и осветить то, как Испания была "очернена" врагами, а незаконные действия самих французов были показаны в ином «белом» свете обществу Франции и Европы. Необходимо было показать действия "пятой колонны" предателей Испании, действовавшей на острове Эспаньола (Вест-Индия), которые действовали против интересов своей страны. Нам также необходимо было показать аналогию между действиями французов в 1565 году и современным взглядом политической науки на предмет создания "образа врага" в современном мире.

II. Материалы и методы исследования. Для исследования были отобраны важные работы: публикации Беннетта [6], в том числе мемуары французов, участвовавших в событиях, письма королей Испании и Франции, испанских послов во Франции, книга Давида Арбезу-Фернандеса с воспоминаниями современников тех событий и опубликованные найденные рукописи [8]. Для описания "черной легенды" и приемов "очернения"были использованы работы и интервью Е. Юрчик и О. Светлакова [1].

III. Результаты исследования. мы выявили исторические параллели между событиями развития техники манипулятивных методов воздействия сегодня и методами работы по “очернению” врага 450 лет назад. В этой статье мы показали историю борьбы между Испанией и Францией на берегах современной Флориды и в Вест-Индии в 1565 году. И тогда, и сегодня мы видим, как "образ врага" распространяется, чтобы оправдать собственные беспощадные действия. Мы также можем видеть на примерах 450-летней давности, как подкуп и экономические стимулы "пятой колонны" предателей внутри страны могут нанести непоправимый ущерб всему государству.
IV. Ценность работы. Ценность работы заключается в том, что мы рассмотрели и раскрыли мифы (фейки) об Испании на реальных примерах. Нам удалось показать масштабы информационной войны и методы ведения информационной войны, которая в основном была направлена на создание «образа врага» для общества Франции, Англии и других европейских стран, а также нам удалось осветить реальные события, происходившие в 1562-1567 годах.
Важным послесловием к этой работе американского политолога доктора политических наук М. Beznosov из University of West Georgia (UWG) является сравнительный анализ событий 1563-1565 годов и современных технологий информационной войны.

1992 Revised Aboriginal Ceramic Typology for the Timucua Mission Province, A.D. 1597-1656.  Appendix D to Excavations on the Franciscan Frontier: Archaeology at the Fig Springs Mission, by Brent R. Weisman, pp. 188-205. University of Florida Press, Gainesville.

An extensive study, part of a trilogy about Cuban immigration to the United States from the Discovery of the American Continent by the Spaniards to the present. The book extends on the sources, motivations and contradictions of the different political and economic fluxes of emigrations from the island to the mainland, taking into consideration, particularly the part of the state of Florida and the leading intellectual figures of different political exiles arrivals, as José Martí.

Abstract.
The article is devoted to the problems of interdisciplinary interaction in the modern scientific society in the complex consideration of issues in General History by the sample of the discovery and development of Florida in the 16th century.
The material considers how a compilation of data obtained by scientists of different directions, both in the humanities and technical sciences, could consistently make a complete description of the picture of events during the discovery and development of Florida in the 16th century.
There was the analysis of various reference points that can provide support for the construction of many bridges of interdisciplinary interaction using various methods and techniques that can come into the study of the historical issue from different disciplines, bringing a new vision and completeness of the picture to a separate historical segment.
The author studied the already existing multifaceted interaction between scientists and outlined the potential for further work in the direction of studying the attraction of specialists from various fields of science to research the topic of the discovery and development of Florida in the 16th century.
Based on the work already done and interaction with other scientific disciplines, interesting new developments were made and data were obtained and publications were made in the area of interest in the discovery and development of Florida in the 16th century: for example, a preliminary mathematical formula was created that helps explain the behavior of the leaders of local tribes in the territory Spanish Florida regarding the proposals of the Spaniards and the French to establish colonies in the territory called Spanish Florida; revealed the psychological aspects of the uprisings based on the "gender factor"; the sequence of steps in the event of aboriginal uprisings is arranged; an understanding of the nature of mobility of Aboriginal society in southern Florida was introduced; explored the myth of the real depictions of Florida Indians in the works of the Protestant T. De Brie in the XVI century and shows realistic and scientific depictions of Theodore Maurice, made under the leadership of Milanich; the nature of the growth of illegal trade in the West Indies is revealed and the contradictions within the Spanish settlers in the New World are revealed and stated; pointed to the search point for the dependence of the growth of the aboriginal coast, etc.

Abstract.
Although the fact of the discovery of Florida in 1513 by Ponce de Leon is increasingly mentioned in scientific and fiction literature, however, there are still no compiled facts and in-depth studies devoted to the analysis of the failure of the development of Florida after its discovery. This question is a little-studied problem, but the lack of Spanish settlements in southern Florida is extremely important for the consequences in World History.
The theoretical and practical array of already available data on the events from 1513 to 1525 provides an understanding of the events that took place and makes it possible to build a hypothesis about the inevitability of the failure of the development of the south of the Florida Peninsula. In this study, we give several reference points, based on a retrospective view of world events that took place during a difficult period in Spain itself, in the New and Old World, and on the Atlantic Ocean. The relevance of the research topic is quite high and timely, as this study provides clues and insights to all the events that happened due to the lack of development by Spain in the south of the Florida Peninsula. And these consequences were the discovery of navigation routes around the Florida Peninsula by the Spanish merchant fleet and the heavy losses of Spanish merchant ships rounding the south of the peninsula, the fierce and successful resistance of the natives of Florida, and the inability to establish relations with any tribes of southern Florida, the development of piracy and illegal trade in the New World by France and the arrival of the "Silver Age of Piracy" in the Atlantic, the confrontation among the Spanish colonists in the West Indies, etc.