Theme

This research identifies characteristics, which are the Theme, Identity, Functions and Authenticity of some current riverfront developments, mainly focusing in urban areas. The study began with the evolution of an urban riverfront, including under standing how early settlements were established along the rivers, later forming the town, leading to the present day cities and their inherent traditional urban culture value. Case studies selected were from South East Asia within Singapore and Sarawak in Malaysia . These examples will then be compared with London and Boston, USA. Much attention will be given to paying high respect to the cities' character and to acknowledging the historical and cultural background of the city where they are set by scrutinising their characteristics. The conclusion will be systematically analysed on design  elements and careful considerations through design  planning and sensitive approaches.

Behnāz Alipour Gaskari has purposefully and deliberately used post-modern techniques in the title, the content and the style of narrative in her short story collection called “Bemānd…”. Recursive structures, short junctions, setting and disrupting frameworks, confusion and lack of coherence in text, contradiction and uncertainty are all the post-modernist techniques have been used in the stories; however the use of recursive structure is more noticeable. Creating several different narrative levels or fictional world in addition to the ontological content of the stories, recursive structure shows the artificiality of them highlighting the fictional framework. The author expresses her own opinion about women issues using the above mentioned worlds. She had worked totally different in two stories. Using the sleep-expressing technique, she creates, in the story of “Bādhāie Ke az Hindukush Mivazand” (The winds blow from the Hindu Kush), an imagery world besides the semi-real world; and shows herself in the story of “Zany Az Jense Mes”(A woman of Copper) and  shows her authority and the artificiality of the story pointing directly to the writing. Using the post-modern techniques by the author to express the problems of women in modern society shows that post-modernism is a narrative tool rather than a method or school of thought.

Günümüz yiyecek-içecek sektörü içerisinde işletmeler, çok daha yoğun bir rekabet ortamı içerisinde faaliyetlerini
sürdürmeye çalışmaktadır. Bu nedenle, yiyecek-içecek işletmeleri tercih edilmek ve karlılığını devam ettirebilmek için
kendilerini farklılaştırma yoluna gitmektedirler. Tema uygulaması, bu doğrultuda gerçekleştirilen çalışmalardan biridir.
Dünya üzerinde, özellikle de gelişmiş ülkelerde temalı restoranların sayısı giderek artmaktadır. Tema uygulaması ile
birlikte restoranlar sadece yemek yenilen yerin ötesine geçerek müşterilere sıradışı ve yeni bir yemek deneyimi sunan
alanlar haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada, restoranlarda tema anlayışının nasıl ortaya çıktığı, tarihsel olarak nasıl gelişim
gösterdiği, hangi nedenler ile ortaya çıktığı ve temalı restoran örnekleri kavramsal olarak derinlemesine incelenmiştir.
Kaynak taraması sonucunda elde edilen bilgiler ışığında temalı restoranlar açısından önemli kabul edilen hususlar bir
araya getirilmiştir. Buna göre; restoran tasarımı, yer seçimi ve inşa süreci, menü tasarımı, ürün sunumu ve insan
kaynağı seçimi tematik restoran işletmeciliğinde dikkat edilmesi gereken hususların başında gelmektedir. Çalışma,
restoran işletmecilerinin özellikle bu hususlara nasıl dikkat edecekleri ve hangi yolları izleyebilecekleri yönündeki
öneriler ile sonlandırılmıştır.

The stories " The Fall of the House of Usher " and " A Rose for Emily " have made an important contribution to literature. " The Fall of the House of Usher " presents a story of a family consisting of two siblings who lived together in an isolated house. Similarly, " A Rose for Emily " presents the story of a woman, Emily who lived a mysterious life. There are various themes that can be drawn from the stories. The aim of this paper is to explore the universal theme of the abyss of the unknown in the two stories. Thus, the paper critically delves into the elements of the stories that support the theme. Some of the supporting themes in " The Fall of the House of Usher " include the house, terror, illness and madness, the description of the family, and death. In " A Rose for Emily " , the presented themes are resistance to change, family, death, and alienation. The paper also analyzes the similarities and dissimilarities as presented in the stories with regard to the universal theme. The similarities include families and residences, incest, house, isolation, and the deaths of the characters. The dissimilarities in the stories were in the setting of the stories and suspense.

Theme is sometimes used interchangeably with “motif”, but the term is more usefully applied to a general concept or doctrine, whether implicit or asserted, which an imaginative work is designed to incorporate and make persuasive to the reader (Priawan, 2016). The theme is the main message delivered by the author through his work (Keraf, 1994). Theme in Waiting for Godot by Samuel Becket is Absurdist, Nihilism, and Religion.

ÖZET
1989'dan itibaren yayımladığı kitaplarla öykücülüğümüzün önemli isimlerinden biri olan) adlı öykü kitapları yayımlamıştır. Klasik öykü anlatımını benimseyen yazar, sağlam bir kurgu ile ördüğü öykülerinde Osmanlı Türkçesi kökenli kelimelerin zengin çağrışımlarından yararlanmıştır. Ayfer Tunç, 1980 sonrasında ülkemizde yazılan öykülerdeki yoğun biçim kaygıları ve avangart tutumdan uzakta durmasıyla dikkati çekmiştir. Ayfer Tunç'un öykülerini, öykü türünün iç şartlarını zedelemeden oluşturduğu, insanın değişen yaşam koşulları içindeki tükenişini bütünsellik içinde yansıttığı ifade edilmiştir. Kurgu ve içerik yönünden çağdaş arayışların dışında kalmamakla birlikte, özgün görünme adına insan öğesini ihmal etmediği, tam tersine bütün çabasını insanı sanatsal bir varlık olarak yaratma yolunda gösterdiği belirtilmiştir. Daha ilk kitabından itibaren öykülerindeki ustalıktan ve sahicilikten söz edilmiştir. Ayfer Tunç'un böylesine başarılı bir yazar, bir öykücü olmasının altında, şüphesiz onun edebiyatımızın birikiminden yeterince faydalanmış olması, edebiyatımızın geçmişinde yer alan ustaların eserlerini özümsemiş olması yatmaktadır. Bu makalede, Ayfer Tunç öykülerindeki sevgi arayışı, gerçek sevgiden mahrum oluş teması, tek tek öykülerin olay örgüleri özetlenerek örneklenmeye çalışılmıştır. Yazar hangi konuyu anlatırsa anlatsın, öykünün derinine inildiğinde, öykü kişilerinin temel probleminin sevgiden mahrum kalış olduğu gözlemlenmektedir. Zengin çağrışımlı diliyle, sağlam kurgusuyla, edebiyatımızın birikiminden yararlanarak kendine ait bir üslup çıkarabilmesiyle, sevgiden mahrum kalış, sevgi arayışı temasını derinlemesine ve sahici bir biçimde işleyişiyle ön plana çıkan Ayfer Tunç edebiyatımızın kalıcı isimlerinden olmaya adaydır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Türk Edebiyatı, Türk öykücülüğü, öykü, tema, olay örgüsü. ABSTRACT Ayfer Tunç, who is an outstanding figure of our storytelling with her books published after 1989, was born in 1964 in. Ayfer Tunç has published five story books, from her first book Saklı to Evvelotel (2006). Having won several awards with these books, Ayfer Tunç has made achieved an important place in Turkish storytelling. Adopting classical storytelling, the writer has benefited from rich connotations of Ottoman words in her stories that have strong fiction and has collected the vocabulary of her stories from a wide area, making use of old words of Turkish. The writer has stated that, there were periods when Turkish language was perceived as an ideological tool, a means of expression, and the subject and object of literature, she has pointed out that language should be approached with awareness, not authority, and that there will be no language where awareness does not exist. One of the factors underlying the fact that the writer has such a reasonable understanding of language and that she is a successful story writer is that, she was inspired by the works of the masters of our literature. Without imitating them, Tunç has managed to make use of the important names of our modern literature. One aspect of Ayfer Tunç's storytelling that is appreciated a lot by literary critics is the strong fiction in her stories. This fiction is a result of the fact that the writer has benefited well from the masters of our literature. The mastery and authenticity in her stories were mentioned beginning from her first book. It has been stated that Ayfer Tunç creates her stories without damaging the internal conditions of storytelling and that she reflects the burnout of the human being in the changing life conditions in integrality. Although she is not excluded from the contemporary search in terms of fiction and content, she is stated not to ignore the human factor for the sake of appearing original, in contrast, she is making an effort to make the human being an artistic being. The theme that is hidden in almost all of Ayfer Tunç's stories is the person's being deprived of love, the thirst for love, and not being able to reach love. Though it has been seen that other themes come forward in other stories, when read carefully, the main problems of the protagonists are being deprived of love and not being able to reach love. In this article, the search for love and the theme of being deprived of real love in Ayfer Tunç's stories have been demonstrated by summarizing the plots of the stories one by one. In the story that gave its name to the writer's first book " Saklı " , " the second wife of the immigrant, the elegant lady " experiences bilateral lovelessness. She is deprived of love as she is left alone by the person she loves a lot, and she does not love her husband. Moreover, she is not liked by the society. In the story " Ses Tutsağı " in Mağara Arkadaşları, our narrator is a lonely man and in order to get rid of his loneliness, he listens to the voices coming from the flat upstairs where a widower woman with children lives. He surrenders gradually to this game, and has an attachment for the woman, but doesn't get a response for his love (at first). There are two lonely and " loveless " people, one man and one woman, and the story ends in an interesting way. In the story that gives its name to the book in Aziz Bey Hadisesi, the life of Tamburi Aziz Bey is told through flashbacks. Aziz Bey, who

Abstract
Nowadays authentic reading matter is extensively used in the teaching of English for academic purposes. However choosing and deploying such materials is not as straightforward as it might at first seem. In this paper, the pros and cons of authentic materials are assessed and difficulties in their deployment are discussed, together with suggestions for their successful utilisation.

Through their imaginative writing styles, Emerson, Thoreau, and Whitman incessantly endeavored to resolve the lingering question, what is an American? As individuals from around the world journeyed to the promising shores of America’s East Coast, seeking social and religious freedom, America’s cultural variety swelled and rehabilitated existing conceptions of a truly “American” man. Although he or his ancestors may have once taken pride in a European heritage, this new American left behind the traditions and customs of the past and awakened to new ideas, new principles, and could entertain new thoughts, form his own opinions, and experience the world through his own nature.

As this new way of thinking spread throughout the nation, writers reflected upon conceptions of freedom, individualism, democracy, boundless frontiers, and golden opportunities—experimenting with how America’s multi-cultural nation should define and understand itself in collective terms.

The thematic and information structure of scientific and technical texts are arguably different among languages. This study examines the thematic structure of scientific texts in English and Arabic to see the differences in the hierarchical organization at different thematic levels. It adopts Halliday’s functional model of theme-rheme and applies it to English and Arabic scientific texts. The paper mainly investigates the three levels of theme: textual, interpersonal and experiential with the intention of discussing their translations into Arabic. It uses a corpus data of two scientific texts. The syntactic and textual elements of those texts were compared and contrasted and professional translations were provided to study the Arabic thematic structure. The data provides English and Arabic versions which allow for a comparable analysis of structure, convention and style. The study reveals that the most frequent type of themes and thematic progression is the experiential theme. It shows that those experiential themes are almost always occupying initial positions. The structure of themes has the tendency to be reproduced in the translation. However, the findings of this investigation indicate that position of themes may change as a result of translation, or changed from experiential into textual.

Scholars use various terms for the phenomenon of discourse peak. Only in the last forty years have some scholars suggested different types of peak. This study explores the application of multiple types of peak in the book of Hebrews. The problem of peak in Hebrews is evident by the diverse assertions concerning linguistic peaks by Neeley (1987), Guthrie (1994), and Westfall (2005) and the discrepancies of these peaks with the chiastic centre in Hebrews 8 as asserted by Vaganay (1940), Vanhoye (1977, 1989), Neeley (1987, 63), Gelardini (2009) and Heath (2011). Until more refinement of the notion of discourse peak and uniformity of terms emerges, it may be helpful to analyse the peaks of biblical texts in light of their natures (thematic peak, climax, and apex).

Sarah’s covenantal status in Genesis is rendered ambiguous by God’s covenant-making speech in chapter 17: on the one hand, she is included by name in God’s plan for the first time, but on the other hand, God gives a sign of the covenant that is applied to men only. This has yielded various interpretations that attempt to reconcile this ambiguity, some of which consider her to be parallel to Ishmael—blessed but excluded from the covenant.
Since the exegetical evidence leaves the discussion at an impasse, this paper suggests a long way around by which this problem may be resolved: the study of the theme of Genesis. In hermeneutics it is commonly observed that the parts of work shape the meaning of the whole and that the whole provides a paradigm by which to interpret the parts. This study proposes a rigorous methodology by which the thematic meaning of, in this case, Genesis can be sought, and thereby yielding that paradigm by which Sarah’s place in Genesis 17 can be better understood.

This study should appeal to any reader with an interest in:
- The study of structure, plot, and theme
- The meaning of Genesis (both in parts and whole)
- The place of women in Judeo-Christian theology
- The meaning of circumcision in Genesis

In this study, I provide an improved argument for the toledot structure of Genesis, a rigorous examination of the theme of Genesis (i.e., an account of the singular meaning and purpose of the book), an argument for the full membership of women in the covenant, and an argument for the meaning of circumcision that can explain how women are central to the covenant while not being recipients of its sign.

Resumen Cuando se pasa de un período a otro en la creatividad de Pizarnik, se nota un cambio gradual en el aspecto formal y estructural de la misma. Este cambio crea la impresión de que la poeta nunca demuestra estar satisfecha con la búsqueda continua de nuevas formas estructurales en su poesía. Esta investigación se concentra precisamente en este aspecto. Aspecto que se puede explorar y realizar sólo a través de la observación del texto, es decir, con métodos textuales; semióticos y estructurales. El análisis se hará con la intención de observar las formas de los poemas. Asimismo, servirán de gran ayuda los métodos comparativos. Para entender más fácilmente los poemas de Pizarnik, también nos ocuparemos de los siguientes temas: el miedo, el lenguaje, la ansiedad, el amor, la muerte, el asesinato, la infancia, la inocencia, etc. Palabras claves: estructura poética, lenguaje, texto poético, aspecto formal, silencio.

Rasim Özdenören, Türk hikâyeciliğine sanatıyla yön veren aydınlar ve modern edebiyat temsilcileri arasında önemli bir konuma sahiptir. Modernist hikâye yazarlarından olan Rasim Özdenören, modern bireyin yalnızlığı, tutunamayışı, çaresizliği, bunalımı vb. izlekler ile kaleme aldığı hikâyelerinin yanı sıra mistik/metafizik eğilimle yazdığı pek çok hikâyesiyle de Türk edebiyatında yeni bir açılımı temsil eder. Hikâyelerinde bireyden yola çıkarak evrensel meseleleri yansıtan yazar, hem sanatı hem de düşünceleriyle Türk hikâyeciliğine katkılar sağlamıştır. Özdenören'in modern anlatım tekniklerini kullanma ve metni farklı yöntemlerle kurgulama eğilimi, anlatmak istediği özü en iyi şekilde yansıtabilme çabasının bir ifadesidir. Hikâyelerin türlerine göre sınıflandırılarak yapı ve kurgu açısından incelenmesi, yazarın ifade ve yansıtma araçlarını kullanım yöntemlerinin çeşitliliğini gösterme açısından önemlidir. Rasim Özdenören'in hikâyelerinin en önemli ve temel kaynağı, yazarın insana bakış açısındadır. Sanatının gayesinin insanı "ruhen" ve "fikren" yüceltmek olduğunu vurgulayan yazarın hikâyelerinde şahıslar kadrosu, evrensel anlamda insan hakikatini temsil eden tüm boyutlarıyla yazarın amacına hizmet eder. Rasim Özdenören, yazılarında dile getirdiği düşüncelerinin hikâyelerinden ayrı bir açılıma sahip olmadığını bildirir. Çalışmada tema ve izlekler açısından incelenen hikâyeler, yazarın deneme türünde kaleme aldığı eserlerinde açıkladığı bazı düşüncelerinin hikâyelerine yansımaları bağlamında da değerlendirilmiştir. Yazar, hikâye türünün kısa, uzun ve minimalist kategorilerinde eserler kaleme almıştır. Türlerin tespit ve tasnifinde belirleyici unsurlar dikkate alınarak Özdenören'in her üç alt türde kaleme aldığı hikâyeler incelenmiştir. Eserlerini yoğun anlam katmanlarıyla kurgulayan Rasim Özdenören'in hikâyelerinde dinî-tasavvufi ve edebî metinler oldukça kapsamlı bir birikim teşkil eder. Eserlerde açık veya kapalı olarak yer alan metinlerin tespiti, hem yazarın kaynaklarını hem de eski metinlerin modern hikâyelerde yeni anlam dairelerinde kullanım amaç ve yöntemlerini belirlemede bir hareket noktası oluşturur.

Nous avons vu dans notre article précédent que la Triade gauloise Esus/Taranis/Toutatis possède un marqueur-identifiant puissant constitué par les trois modes sacrificiels en l’honneur des trois dieux. Nous en avions alors dégagé la typologie : le dieu Esus est honoré par la pendaison, le dieu Taranis par la crémation et le dieu Toutatis par la noyade. On a vu que ces trois modes se retrouvaient encore dans le folklore au 19ième siècle en Finlande et dans les îles Féroé. Dans cet article, nous montrerons que des saints de la Légende Dorée de Jacques de Voragine sont martyrisés suivant les sacrifices de la Triade. Les saints concernés suivent presque tous des caractéristiques communes que nous soulignerons. Nous verrons notamment que le sacrifice de type Esus y suit un déroulement particulier qui prouve que le dieu celtique qui a inspiré ce schème a pu être un dieu borgne, réellement ou métaphoriquement, comme l’était Odin en Scandinavie. De plus cette étude montre que beaucoup des saints concernés se révèlent être des saintes, ce qui nous ouvrira de nouvelles perspectives vers une déesse-prototype celte compagne de la Triade Esus- Taranis-Toutatis.

Abstracts of research articles are dense in nature and require authors to pack information in a concise cohesive paragraph. One principle of cohesion is employing various theme types and thematic progression patterns. The study conducted qualitative contrastive analyses of these aspects in medical research article (RA) abstracts written in English by native and Saudi scholars. The findings revealed the predominance of constant and linear thematic progression patterns. Whereas the two patterns are almost equally used in the native scholars’ data, the constant pattern prevailed in the non-native scholars’ data. Non-native authors tended to simplify complex subject matter by using shorter clauses to exert less effort in processing them. They also relied on cohesive ties to achieve cohesion rather than using various thematic progression patterns. Due to the factual nature of the medical abstracts, unmarked topical and textual themes were the most used instead of interpersonal themes. Multiple themes were minimally employed due to the generic features of abstracts. The study findings may have implications for novice RA scholars of medicine, English for specific purpose instructors, and researchers interested in both second language acquisition and cross-cultural variations. Future studies could investigate themes in medical RA abstracts written in other languages.

Trump declared his intention to build a wall along the U.S.-Mexico border during his presidential campaign in 2016. On 4 January 2019, President Trump sent a letter to members of the U.S. Congress on the need to build a long wall to secure the U.S. border. This led local news reporters to discuss this political issue and its effects on the American and Mexican populations. Since Trump's decision of building the wall is one of the global issues that have been widely discussed in social media and American media news agencies, it is pertinent to analyze thematic choices in Trump's tweets on the U.S.-Mexico border wall issue. The present study aims to investigate Trump's thematic choices, employing Halliday's systemic functional linguistics' approach. UAM Corpus Tool software was employed in the annotation of Theme types. The results of the study showed that topical Theme was the most frequent Theme type in Trumps' tweets, followed by the textual Theme. Interpersonal Theme was rarely employed. Trump tends to use a simple, direct, and spontaneous language to make the communication style with his audience more natural and less complex. The study contributes to our understanding of Theme types in political discourse on social media.

A sample of 1,747 students attending undergraduate classes in legal education at an online university completed the StrengthsQuest assessment as part of a larger investigation; of this number, 117 students also completed the Kuder Career Search. Exploratory factor analysis (principal components followed varimax rotation) of 34 StrengthsQuest theme rankings found 11 factors. The results replicate and extend an earlier report of correlations between StrengthsQuest theme subscales and indicators of Holland’s six vocational personality types. Implications are discussed for the use of the StrengthsQuest in career assessment.

L’œuvre entière de Tanguy Viel, est traversée par des retours de toutes sortes qui l’alimentent de multiples façons. Ses romans tournent autour de cette problématique, l’investissant aux niveaux esthétique et thématique, narratif et discursif, afin de créer une complémentarité originale entre la forme et le fond. En s’appuyant sur des travaux concernant divers aspects du phénomène de retour (esthétique, philosophique, stylistique), le présent article se propose de dépister ses formes dans la prose de Viel et de montrer la manière absolument inédite dont l’écrivain exploite ce motif séculaire pour faire une littérature exigeante autant que captivante sur le sens des retours dans la vie humaine.

The idea of return in its multiple forms and manifestations is central to Tanguy Viel’s oeuvre. His novels explore this phenomenon in terms of literary aesthetics as well as thematic, narrative and discursive concerns by forging peculiar analogies between form and content. Drawing on selected aesthetic, philosophical and stylistic theories of return, the present paper seeks to discuss its forms in Viel’s texts and analyses how he uses them to create a literary reflection on the sense of returns in human life.

Resumen
Un espacio fragmentado como es el Archipiélago Canario cuenta en la actualidad con un amplio número de publicaciones diarias digitales de carácter informativo que han surgido en los últimos años con el objetivo de hacer llegar a la audiencia a través de Internet lo que ocurre en cada una de las islas. Determinar cuáles son sus contenidos, la distribución de las informaciones, su línea editorial y el número de sus lectores es el objetivo de este estudio.

Abstract
A space is fragmented as the Canary Islands now has a large number of digital dailies for information that have emerged in recent years in order to reach the Internet audience through what happens in each of islands. Identify their contents, distribution of information, their editorial and the number of readers is the goal of this study.

Cet article etudie une homelie attribuee par une majorite de manuscrits a saint Jean Damascene, et qui fut donnee a l'occasion de la nativite de la Mere de Dieu. Elle propose une des meilleures presentations des grands themes de la theologie des Peres grecs, et une mariologie entierement orientee vers le Christ. Cette homelie est situee dans le mystere du Dieu transcendant, Lumiere de lumiere, et se refere au mystere trinitaire. Le Fils est le Logos du Pere, il est createur, et dans son incarnation, c'est Dieu lui-meme qui descend sur la terre.