Samvadam Feb2006

]p-kv-X-I-w- c-≠-v / e-°w- F-´-v/ 2006 s^-{_p-h-cn-- -/1427 a-p-l-¿-dw-
4 hm-b-\-°m-cp-sS- kw-hm-Zw-
7 ]-{Xm-[-n-]¿-°v- ]-d-bm-\p-≈-Xv-
17 ssew-Kn-I- Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ß-fpw-
C-kv-e-m-an-I- in-£m-k-{º-Zm-b-hpw-
˛A-_v-Zp¬- A-l-Zv-
21 sIm-e-bv-°v- sIm-e-!-
9 \u-jm-Zn-s≥-d- I-Æpw-
hn-a¿-iI
- c- p-sS- I-Æn-√m-bav- b
- pw--
˛A-_v-Zp¬- ap-kz-Δn¿-
˛A-_q-^m-C-Z
23 tbip ]Tn-∏n® I¿am-\p-jvTm-\-ßƒ
˛apl-Ω-Zen amÃ¿
31 k-`m-t\-Xr-Xz-Ø-n¬- \n-∂v- C-kv-em-an-te°v
˛^ntdmkvapJvZm¿ Alv-a-Zv-
35 "tIm-bn-ap-´-t]m-se- D-cp-≠- `q-a- n'-
A-Y-hm- H-cp- ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn-bp-sS- "tIm-bn-t∏m-cv- '-
˛D-kv-am≥- ]m-e-°m-gn-
43 Ah¿W-cpw ]u-tcm-ln-Xyhpw
˛kn\m≥ sI. Aehn
49 Xn-cp-sam-gn-
50 hn-ip-≤- ]m-X-
Iq-Sn-°m-gv-N- ....... 40
z A√m-lp -t\-csØ Xocp-am-\n-®-Xp-sIm-≠t√ Bfp-Iƒ
]ng-®p-t]m-Ip-∂Xv?
z hy‡n-]-c-amb ]cm-a¿i-ap≈ Jp¿-B≥ kq‡-ß-fn¬
temI¿°v am¿K-Z¿i-\-apt≠m?
z I¨-sI-´pw- B`n-Nm-chpw-
z J_vdn¬ Cl-tem-IsØ Ah-ÿ-bmtWm?
Internet Edition: http://www.nicheoftruth.org/samvadam

Printed Published and owned by M.Mohammed Akbar. Printed at Screen Offset printers, Cochin-18. Published at Cochin-18.
Editor M.Mohammed Akbar, Niche of Truth, Kalabhavan Road, Cochin-18.
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 3
`mc-Xo-b-sa∂v hnfn-°p-∂-Xn¬ lnμp-Xz-
hm-b-\-°m-cp-sS- hm-Zn-Iƒ°p-t]mepw ]q¿-Wa-- mb tbmPn-
∏m-Wp-≈X - v. k\m-X\ kwkvIrXn-bpsS
kw-hm-Zw- B¥-c-L-S-\-°-IØv ]c-kv]c sshcp-
[y-ßƒ \n-d™ \nc-h[n XØ-zi - m-kv{X-
˛-ho-£W t`Z-ßƒ ImWmw. Ah-bn¬
H∂n-s\-am{Xw `mc-Xobsa∂p hnti-jn-
∏n-°p-I-bpw a‰p-≈-hsb A`m-c-Xo-b-
sa∂p ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv- {]am-W-
X-f-®n-Sm≥- {i-an-°p-∂-h¿- hn-P-bn-°p-∂- bpIvXa-√. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v im¶c Z¿
Zm-º-Xy-Po-hn-X-hpw
Xv.- Cu- `q-an-I-bn¬- \n-∂v- t\m-°p-tºmƒ- i\w am{X-amWv `mc-X-Øns‚ XØ-z-
k-Zm-Nm-c-hpw- Nn¥ F∂p ]d-bp-∂tXm Zm¿i-\nI
ssew-Kn-IX - b- p-sS- a-Xhpw- A-Xn¿-Øn-bpw-
hn-iZ- a
- m-bn- N¿-®- sN-øs - ∏-´- "kvt- \-lk- w- kºØv F∂p ]d- b p- ∂ tXm F{X-
h¿-Øa - m-\- Im-es- Ø- G-‰h- pw- h-enb-
hm-Zw'- (2006 P-\p-hc - n- e-°w)- A-`n-\μ - \a- am{Xw Ahm-kvX-h-amWv F∂v- - t\m-°p-
hn-ev-]-\-®-c-°m-Wv- ssew-Kn-I-X;- Zr-iy-am-
¿-ln-°p-∂p.-- hn-hn-[- X-e-ßƒ- kv-]¿-in- I. AtX-{]-Imcw kmam-\y-P-\X ]n¥p-
[y-aØ - n-em-sW-¶n-epw- A-®S- n- am-[y-aØ- n-
°p-∂- cq-]-Øn¬- hn-j-b-ßƒ- te-J-I- S-cp∂ ]cn-an-X-ß-fmb BXvaob k¶¬
em-sW-¶n-epw-.- \n-e-hm-c-ap-≈- {]-kn-≤-o-
∑m¿- ssI-Im-cyw- sN-bv-XXn-epw- A-h¿- ]-ßf - n¬ lrkz-hXvI - rX-amWv C¥y-°m-
I-c-W-ß-fpw- {K-Ÿ-ß-fpw- hm-b-\-°m-cp-
A-`n-\-μ-\-a¿-ln-°p-∂p.- cpsS BXvaobX F∂pw ]d-bm-h-X-√.
sS- Ip-d-hn¬- Du¿-[-izm-kw- h-en-°p-tºm
C°m-cy-ß-sf-∏‰n {io.- i¶-c-\m-cm-b-W
ƒ- ssew-Kn-I-X-bp-sS- C-°n-fn-h¿-Ø-am-\- C-Xn¬- Xp-S¿- N¿-®-I-fpw- ss[-j-Wn-
s‚ {]Xn-I-c-W-Øn¬ th≠{X {i≤-bp-
ß-fp-am-bn- A-Xv- Iq-Sn-b- A-f-hn-tem- Ip-d- I- kw-hm-Z-ß-fpw- D-≠m-Ip-sa-∂v- {]-Xo-
≈-Xmbn tXm∂p-∂n-√. tIhew Hcp
™- A-f-hn-tem- B-sW-¶n-epw- hm-b-\- £n-°-s´.-
{]XnI- c Ww F∂- X n- \ - ∏ p- d Øv - Ah-
°m¿- B-Ir-jv-S-cm-Ip-∂-Xpw k¿-°p-te- ˛ C-_v-\p- A-en,- bnse ]cm-a¿i-ßƒ°v aqey-hp-an-√. tbm
j≥- Ip-Xn-®p-I-b-dp-∂-Xp-am-Wv- Im-Wp-∂- F-S-Ø-\m-´p-I-c.- K- i mkv { Xw _p≤\p apºp- ≈ - X mWv
Xv.- ]-e-hn-[- t]-cp-I-fn¬- ]p-d-Øn-d-ßp∂-
**** F∂p≈ \nco-£Ww t\m°p-I. `mc-X-
"Ip-‰'- {]-kn-≤o-I-c-W-ß-fp-sS- F-Æ-hpw-
Ønse ]e I]Simkv{X-ß-fp-sSbpw
h-Æ-hpw- C-Xn-\v- D-Zm-l-c-W-a-s{X.-
`mc-Xob B[-ym-fln-I-Xbpw {]Nm-c-I¿°v _p≤-\p-ap-ºp-≈Xv F∂
A-Sn-®a - ¿Ø-s∏-´- ssew-Kn-IX - b
- pw- A- {]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ c£-t\-tS≠n hcp-
Xn-cp-I-fn-√m-Ø- Xp-d-∂- ssew-Kn-I-X-bpw- imkv{X-ßfpw
∂Xv- ImWmw. tPymXnjw,- kwJymtPym
H-tc-t]-m-se- A-]-I-S-I-c-am-Wv.- Zn-\-]-{X- Xn-jw, \mUn-imkv{Xw,- kmap-{ZnItPym
tbmK-im-kv{X-sØbpw BXvaob
ß-fn-se- hm¿-Ø-I-fn¬- t]m-epw- ssew- Xnj imkv{Xw F∂n-hs - b-°p-dn®pw Cu
Im]-Sy-ß-sfbpw kw_-‘n®v dPo_.-v
Kn-IX- b - p-am-bn- {]-Xy-£t- am- ]-tcm-£t- am- Ah-Im-ih - mZw D∂-bn-®p-Im-Wmw. _p≤
F. \hw_-¿ e°w "kvt\l-kw-hm-Z'--
B-b- _-‘-ß-f-p-≈- hm¿-Ø-Iƒ- sk≥- \pw _p≤-Z¿i-\hpw tbmKimkv{X-hpam
Øn¬ Fgp- X nb teJ- \ hpw AXp
tk-j≥- D-W¿-Øp-∂h - b
- m-sW-∂v- A-Ø- bn _‘-s∏-ń-cp∂p F∂p-]-d-bp-∂Xv
kw_-‘n®v ]n.-hn. i¶-c-\m-cm-b-W≥
cw- hm¿-Ø-Iƒ-°v- te-Hu-ń-epw- tIm-f-ß- hnh-c-t°-Sm-Wv. tbmK-bnse ]e coXn-
Unkw-_¿ e°-Øn-se-gp-Xnb {]Xn-I-c-
fn-epw-- \¬-Ip-∂- {i-≤-bpw- h-en-∏-hpw- hy- Iƒ°pw _p≤ [ym\-co-Xn-It- fmSp i‡-
Whpw hmbn-®p. Cu kwhm-Z-Øn¬ ]n.-
‡-am-°p-∂p.- I-]-S- ssew-Kn-I-X-bp-sS- amb `n∂-X-Iƒ Im-Wmw. tbmK-bn-se
hn. i¶-c-\m-cm-b-Ws‚ ]£Øp Nne
hm¿-Ø-Iƒ- {]-Xy-£-s∏-´v- A-Xn¬- X-ń- kmt¶-XnI kw⁄-Ifpw {]tbm-K-ß-
ho£-W] - c
- a
- mb ]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ ImWp∂p
kv-Ym-\-{`-jv-S-cm-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- A-]-lm- sh∂mWv Fs‚ A`n-{]m-bw. `mc-X- fp-sa√mw _p≤-Z¿i-\-Øns‚ FXn¿Zn-
ky-cm-hp-I-bpw- sN-bv-X- D-∂-X- hy-‡n-Xz- Ønse hnhn[ k\-ymk k{º-Zm-b-ß i-bn¬ \oßp∂hbmWv- F∂v- Kth-j-
ßƒ- te-mI - Ø- n¬- F-{X-tbm- G-sd-bp-≠v.- fpw, kzX{¥ BXvaobm-Nm-cy≥amcpw I¿ ]d-bp-∂p. _p≤-[ym\ coXn-I-fn¬
C-kv-emw- ssew-Kn-I-X-sb- F-ß-s\- Nn¥- I ≥amcpw Ah- c - h - c psS XØ- z - \n∂v- hnImkw {]m]n-®-XmWv ]q¿W-am
Im-Wp-∂p-sh-∂p-w- C-X-c- hn-izm-km-Z¿-i- imkv{X {KŸ-ßf - n¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-´p≈ bpw tbmK F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv \nc¿Y-I-
ß-fn¬- \n-∂pw- A-sX-ß-s\- hy-Xym-k- ho£-W-ßfp-w \nco-£-W-ß-fpw kw{K- am-Wv. ]e _p≤-a-X-{K-Ÿ-ß-fnepw tbm
s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-∂pw- a-\- n-em-°m-Ø-tXm- ln-®m-bn-cn-°p-at√m dPo_v BXvaobX K-imkv{Xw {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-´p≠v F∂v- i¶-
A-s√-¶n¬- A-ß-s\- \-Sn-°p-∂-tXm- B- bpsS `mc-Xob ho£-W-ßƒ kzcq-]n- c- \ m- c m- b - W ≥ ]d- b p- ∂ Xv sX‰m- W v .
b- Im-c-W-Øm-em-Wv- C-kv-em-an-s\-Xn-sc- ®n-cn-°p-I. `mc-Øns‚ aÆnepw kwkv _p≤-a-X-{K-Ÿ-ß-fnse [ym\-co-Xn-Iƒ
bp-≈- hn-a¿-i-\-ßƒ- F-∂pw-- "\m-ep-sI- Im- c - Ø nepw _‘- s ∏´p \n¬°p∂ °v tbmK-bnse Nne LS-I-ß-fp-ambn
ń'-epw- "sam-gn-sN-m√
- en'-epw t_m-[]
- q¿-hw- GXv B[-ymXvanI \nco-£-W-sØbpw _‘w tXm∂p-∂XpsIm≠p≈ sX‰n
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 4
≤m-cW- b- mImw CXv. X-£i - n-eb- n¬ tbm ]cym-]vX-amb Nne tbmKm-k-\-ß-fp-≠v. t±-l-Øns‚ \nK-a-\-ß-fmWv'' F∂
Kimkv{Xw ]Tn-∏n-®n-cp∂p F∂v- ]d-bp- Ah-sbm∂pw bYm-hn[n C∂sØ tbm hn[n-{]-kvXmhw sX‰m-Wv. i¶-c-\m-cm-b-
∂Xpw tPymXn-jhpw thZ-K-Wn-Xhpw K-]-cn-io-e\ tI{μ-ß-fn¬\n∂v ]Tn-∏n- W≥ H∂mw \º-dn´p kqNn-∏n® am\-kn-
]Tn-∏n-®n-cp∂p F∂v- ]d-bp-∂Xpw Htc- °s∏-Sp-∂p-an-√. lcn-Zzm-dnse kzman tIm¬°-¿j-amWv BXvaobX F∂
t]mse s]m≈-bmb Ah-ImihmZ-am- AKv\nthiv kc-kzXn Fgp-Xnb "tbmK ]cm-a¿iw hmkvXh - tam F∂p Nn¥n-®m
Wv. _p≤-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬\n∂v ]X-⁄-en- imkv{X B‚ v saUn-°¬ kb≥kv' ¬ am\-k-n-tIm¬°¿j-a√ BXvaob-X,
a-l¿jn tbmK-im-kv{XsØ Xmfn-tbme F∂ IrXn-bn¬ CXp kw_-‘-amb a\- ns‚ C√mbvabmWv- F∂ ho£-
{KŸ-ß-fn¬ kam-l-cn®p F∂p ]d-bp- IrXy-amb hnh-c-ßƒ \ap°p e`n-°p- Whpw sX‰m-sW∂p ImWmw.
∂Xv ImS-S-®p≈ shSn-sh-bv∏m-Wv-. ∂p-≠v. {]^. lncäb t{]wNμv Fgp- ""at\m-Pb Gh alm-Pb'' F∂p
tbip-{In-kvXp-hns\ lcn-l-c-]p-{X- Xnb ""t]m n-_n-eo-‰okv Hm^v Unssh≥ ]d™ {_lvam\μ kzman inh-tbm-Kn-
s\∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xpw, kzmXn-Xn-cp-\-mƒ ÃUokv'' F∂ {KŸ-Ønse Nm]v‰¿
bpw, ]›na _wKmfn lcn-\m-cm-bW
alm- c m- P m- h ns\ \ntj- [ n- ° p- ∂ Xpw HºXn¬- tbmKimkv{X-Øns‚ ]cn-an-Xn-
X]-ky-bpw, ""Hs∂m-∂mbn FÆn-sb-Æn,
N¿®m-hn-j-b-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´-X-√. Iƒ hnh-cn-°p-∂n-SØpw C°m-cy-ßƒ
sXms´Æpw s]mcp-fS- ß - n-bm¬, \n∂nSpw
BXvaobXbpsS t]cn-ep≈ Im]-Sy- hni-Z-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. tbmK-bn-eqsS hym
Zr°p-t]m-ep-≈w, \n∂n-e-kv]-cp-am-I
ßsf Xpd∂pIm´p-∂n-S-tØ°v kzman [n-Iƒ kpJ-s∏-Sp-I-b-√, a\- n-s‚bpw
Ww'' F∂p ]d-bp∂ {io\m-cm-bW - K - pcp
hnth-Im-\-μ≥, almXvamKm-‘n, caW ico-cØ- n-s‚bpw Nne tijn-Iƒ t{]mPz-
tZh\pw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv a\- ns‚ D¬°
al¿jn, {iocm-a-Ir-jvW-]-c-a-lwk¿- en-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw X∂n-anØw tcmKn-I-
¿jw AYhm Akv]-μ-Xbpw at\m-P-
F∂n-XymZn alm≥am-cpsS \ma-t[bw fpsS NnIn¬k-Ifpw ]cn-N-c-W-ßfpw
bhpw Xs∂-bmWv BXvaobX F∂
i¶-c\ - m-cm-bW - ≥ hen-®n-g®- Xv- icn-bmb ê-{]-Z-am-bn-Øo-cp-I-bp-amWv- kw`-hn-
]mT-am-Wv. Ch-scm∂pw `mc-Xob k\ym-
kao-]-\-a-√.- Imc-Ww, `mc-Xob B[ym °m-dp-≈-Xv. tcmK-Øn\v Imc-W-ß-fmb
kn-am-cs
- √∂v- ]d-bm≥ i¶-c\ - m-cm-bW
- ≥
XvanI-Xb - p-ambn _‘-s∏´ s]m≈-bmb tcmKm-Wp-Iƒ, sshd-kp-Iƒ, _mly-L-
Xb-m-dm-Im-\n-S-bn-√. a\- ns\ kq£vta-
Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ßƒ D∂-bn®v kaq-l S-I-ßƒ F∂n-hsb \in-∏n-°m-\p≈
{μnbw F∂v ""imXIytam£-kq-Iv-Xw-'',
sØ hgn-sX-‰n-®-h-tcm, Bƒ°-q´ a\x- cmk-ti-jn-sbm∂pw tbmK-im-kv{X-ap-d-
Iƒ°n-√. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ tbmK-bn- ""{_mlvkv]Zob Aac kqIvXw'' XpS-
imkv{X-Øns‚ X{¥-ß-fp-]-tbm-Kn®v ßnb kwkvIrX IrXn-I-fn¬ ]-d-b-p-∂p-
kz¥w ho£-W-ßƒ I®-hSw sNøm≥ eqsS kpJ-s∏´ tcmKnsb Isøm-gn™
B[p-\nI sshZy-im-kv{X-tam, CØ-c- ≠v. ""kv]ncn-®zm-en‰n C≥ lnμp-bnkw''
{ian-®-htcm A√ ta¬]-d-™-hscm
Øn¬ tbmK- I-]-S-am-sW∂p ]d-bp∂ F∂ IrXn-bn¬ CXp kw_-‘-amb hn
∂pw.- AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ AØcw hyIv
Kth-j-W-ßtfm GXmWp I]Sw F∂ h-cWw ImWmw. a\ v ]nfi-amWv
XnIsf I]-S≥am-sct∂m kq{X-im-en-I-
tNmZy-Øn¬ Ig-ºn-√. ISp-Ø-\n-co-iz-c- F∂ ho£Ww ]mX-⁄e tbmK-kq-
sft∂m hnti-jn-∏n-t°-≠b - m-hiyw dPo-
hm-Zn-Iƒ tbmK A`y-kn-°p-∂Xv tbmK- {X-Øn\v FXn-cp-am-Wv. ]nfi-am-b√
_n\v D≈-Xmbn tXm∂p-∂n-√.
bpsS al-Ø-z-Ønt\m imkv{Xo-b-X ssNX-\y-am-bmWv a\- ns\- ]X-⁄en
tbmK-imkv{Xw k¿h-tcmK \nhm-cn- hnti-jn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
t°m sXfn-hm-°m-hp-∂-X-√. Imc-Ww,-
Wn-bmWv F∂Xv- _p≤n-bp-d-°mØ Ip
\nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ F∂p ]d-bp-∂-h¿°v B\μw BXvaob-Xb - √ F∂v- \ntj-
ń-Iƒ°p-am{Xw tbmPn-®-]-cm-a¿i-am-Wv.
GXp B`m-khpw \n¿`bw sNøm≥ tXm [n-°p∂ i¶-c-\m-cm-b-W≥ ""imiz-Xm-\-
tcmKw C√m-sX-bm-°m-t\m, XS-™p-\n¿
∂pw. AXp-sIm≠v Ahsc Hcp Imcy- μ-amWp BXvamhns‚ bYm¿Y- Ah
Øm-t\m, {]Xn-tcm-[n-°mt\m tbmK-im-
Ønepw amXr-I-bm-°m-h-X-√. B[ym ÿ''sb- ∂ p ]d- ™ p- s Im≠v Xm≥
kv{X-Øn\p Ign-hn-√. ]\n, hb-dn-f-°w,
XvanI-ta-J-esb AwKo-I-cn-°mØ \nco- \ntj-[n-®-Xns\ Bh¿Øn®v- AwKo-I-
sNdn-b-Xcw Ae¿Pn-Iƒ, F∂nh XS-
iz-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ tbmK A`y-kn-°p-∂Xv cn-®n-cn-°-p-I-bm-Wv. at\m-\n-{K-l-Øn-
™p-\n¿Øp-hm≥ t]mepw tbmK-im-
tbmK-bpsS imco-cnI t\´-ßƒ I≠p- eqsS F¥mWv- e`n-°pI F∂p tNmZn-
kv{X-Øn\v Ign-bn-√;- F∂n-´t√ alm-tcm-
sIm-≠m-bn-cn-°W - w. \nco-izc bpIvXnhm- ®-t∏mƒ alm-Xpw-K≥ F∂ _p≤ k
K-ßƒ! a\p-jy-a-\- n-s‚bpw ico-c-Øn-
Zn-Iƒ B[-ymXvanI kz`m-h-ap≈ Hcp \ymkn ]d-™Xv- ""henb B\μw e`n-
s‚bpw Nne {]tXyI ÿnXn-K-Xn-Isf
kwK-Xnbpw AwKo-I-cn-°m-Ø-h-cm-I- °p∂p'' F∂m-Wv. B\μw {]m]n-°p-I-
DtØ-Pn-∏n-°p-I, Poh-tIm-iß - ƒ, t]in-
bm¬ Ah¿ tbmKsb ùXn-I-amb Hcp b-√, shfn-s∏-Sp-I-bmWv F∂v i¶c\m
Iƒ, a¿a-ßƒ, kq£va Rc-ºp-Iƒ,
hymbm-aw F∂ \ne-bnte ImWp-∂p- cm-b¨ ]d-bp-tºmƒ A¿Y-am-°p-∂Xv-
\mUo-hyq-lØ - ns‚ GXm\pw Nne [¿a
≠m-hq. a\- n¬ kzb-tah B\μw Ds≠-∂pw,
ßƒ F∂n-h-bn¬ DW¿hp-≠m-°pI
F∂-Xn-sem-s°-b-∏p-dØv h√- Kp-Whp ""`mc-Xob Nn¥m-[m-c-I-fn¬ \n∂v- C{μnb t_m[-ßsf Hgn-hm-°n-bm¬
ap≠m-°p-hm≥ tbmK-imkv{Xw ]cym-]vX- Dcp-Øn-cn™ Zp¿_e Nn¥-Iƒ F∂ AXp-sX-fnbpw F∂pambn-cn-°mw. F∂m
a-√. AtX-k-abw Iym≥k¿,- lrt{ZmKw \nebv°v'' dPo_v ]d™ Imcy-ß-f-{X ¬ C°m-cy-Øn¬ Pn≤p IrjvW-aq¿Øn
t]mse-bp≈ tcmK-ßf - n¬ tcmKn-If - psS bpw icn-bmWv F∂v- C¥y-bnse hnhn[ ]d- b p- ∂ Xv a\- nse amen- \ y- ß ƒ
BXvass[-cyhpw \mUo-hyql {]h¿Ø- B[-ymXvanIkc-Wn-I-sf-°-p-dn®v ]Tn-®- \o°p∂XneqsS a\ p sXfnØv- B\
\-ßfpw kzmk-Yyhpw hos≠-Sp-°p-hm≥ dn-™m¬ a\- n-em-Ipw. AXn-\m¬ ""A μw Dubw sNøp-sa-∂-√, a\ v B\-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 5
tμm≥apJ-ambn k©-cn°pw F∂m-Wv. bmWv BXvaobX F∂v- i¶-c-\m-cm-b- kaq lw F∂nh ASn-t®¬]n-°p∂
C{μn-b-\n-{K-l-Øn-eqsS a\ v _mly- W≥ \n¿h-N-n-°p-∂p. ]q¿W--Xm-t_m-[- _‘-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw a\ v kzX-{¥-
amb bYm¿Y- B\μ t{kmX- n-te°v a√ F∂p Xncp-Øn-s°m-≠mWo \n¿h- am- b n- Ø o- t c- ≠ Xv kzmX{¥yw CO- n -
D≥apJ- a mbn {]bm- W - a m- c w- ` n- ° p- ∂ p. N\w.- F∂m¬ ]q¿W-X {]m]n-®-Xmbn °p∂ hy‡n-Isf kw_-‘n®v A\n-hm-
AXp-sIm≠v a\- n¬\n∂p _mly-amb Nne km[-I¿-°p-≠m-Ip∂ tXm∂-ep- cy-am-Wv. a\ v AXns‚ ap≥Ime _‘-
B\μ t{kmX v At\z-jn-°-emWv Iƒ bYm¿Y-Øn¬ ]q¿W--X -bm-I-W-sa- \-ß-fn¬ \n∂v ]q¿W-ambpw apIvXam-
bYm¿Y- B[-ymXvanIX F∂mWv Irjv ∂n-√. Ah shdpw tXm∂¬ am{X-am-bn- bm ¬ am{Xta D∂-Xa - mb B\-μØ
- ns‚
W-aq¿Øn ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Adn-™-Xn¬\n- cn-°p-I-bpw a\- n¬ h-f¿∂p ]¥-en- Zn i-bn-te°v BXvamhv {]bm-W-am-cw-`n-
∂v, Adn-hn¬ \n∂p≈ tamN\w Cub °p∂ Hc- h - ÿ - b m- b n- c n- ° p- I - b pw °p-Ib - p≈q'' (Z sU^n-\o-jy≥kv˛- t- ]Pv
¿Y-Øn-emWv Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xv sNøm≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v. C°m-cy-Øn¬ 60, Hmtjm Iayq¨ 1998).-
(sP. Irjv W - a q¿Øn˛ dnYw Hm^v {io Ac-hn-μ- a-l¿jn ]d-™-Xv˛ a\p- tbmKimkv{X-Øns‚ {]iv\-ßƒ
sse^v-˛-t]-Pv-˛98).- jys\ kw_-‘n®v ]q¿W-Xsb°-pdn- F∂ \ne-b° v- p≈ A`n-{]m-bß - ƒ am{X-
\n›n-¥sb i¶-cm-Nm-cy¿ ""\n w- ®p≈ t_m[w B[-ymXvanI-Xb - psS anX- amWv dPo-_n- s‚ teJ-\Ø - n-ep-≈s - X∂v
KXz''sa∂p ]d-bp-∂p. Poh≥apIvXn°p amb ÿnXn-bm-sW-∂m-Wv. a\p-jy≥ i¶-c-\m-cm-b-W≥ a\- n-em-°n-b-Xmbn
Imc-W-am-Ip∂ \n›-e-X-Xzhpw \n w- AXn- a m- \ p- j - X - b n- t e°v H∂m- a sØ tXm∂p-∂p. bYm¿Y-Øn¬ `mc-XØ - nse
K-Xzhpw im¶c kqIvXß-fn¬ ]cm-a¿in- NphSp sh°p-∂n-S-amWv BXvaob-X- hnhn[ kc-Wn-I-fn¬ ]cn-Nn-X-I-fmb
°- s ∏- ´ n- c n- ° p- ∂ Xv \n›n¥- X F∂ sb∂pw ]q¿W-Xm-t_m-[Ø - n-eq-sS-bp≈ \nc-h[n i¶¬]ß-fn¬ \n∂v NneXv
Bi-bsØ tZymXn-∏n-°p-hm≥ th≠n- A\p-{Im-an-I-amb hf¿® Hcp Ah-km- FSp-Øp-≤-cn-°p-I- -am-{X-amWv dPo-_v
Ø-s∂-bm-Wv. _na¬Ipam¿ ]msfi- \n-°mØ bm{X-bm-sW-∂p-am-Wv. C°m- sNbvXn-cn-°m-\n-S. tbmKimkv{X-Øn
bpsS ""kv ] - n cn- ® zm- e n‰n C≥ im¶c cy-Øn¬ ""^ntem-k^n B‚ v kv]ocn- s‚ e£yw tam£-amWv- F∂p i¶-c-
kqIvXmkv'' F∂ IrXn Cu hnj-b- ®zm-en‰n Hm^v {iok-ZvKpcp al¿jn Acn- \m-cm-b-W≥ ]d-bp-tºmƒ C¥y-bn¬
Øn¬ aXn-bmb Ah-ew-_-am-Wv. B{K- _ntμm'' F∂ IrXn i¶-c-\m-cm-b-W\v C∂v tbmK-]-cn-io-en-°p-∂-hcpw ioe-am-
l- k - ^ - e o- I - c Ww BXv a ob- X - b mWv shfn®w \¬In-tb-°m-\n-S-bp-≠v. °n-b-hcpw tam£-Zm-b-I-amb hnImkw
F∂p≈ dPo-_ns‚ D≤-c-W-nsb i¶c ""Ah-\-h-\m-fl-kp-J-Øn-\mbv BN- tbmK-bn-eqsS B¿Pn-°p-∂pt≠m F∂
\mcm-b-W≥ Xncp-Øn-bXpw sX‰m-Wv. cn-°p-∂h A]-c\v KpW-Øn-\mbv htc tNmZy-Øn\v {]k-‡n-bp-≠v. i¶-c\ - m-cm-
Imc-Ww, sslμh kaq-l-Øn¬ \S-am- Ww'' F∂¿Y-w hcp∂ {io\m-cm-bW b-W-s\-t∏m-ep-≈-h¿°v tbmK, tPymXn-
Sp∂ ]e ]qP-Iƒ °pw ]n∂n¬ Hcm- kqIvXw hn`m-h\w sNøp∂ BXvaobX jw, XpS-ßn-b-h-bn¬ B[p-\nI imkv
{Kl ]q¿Øo-Ic - W- m-`n-emjw \ap-°p-Im- a\- ns‚ hnImkw Xs∂-bm-Wv. a\ v {X-sØ-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ hnizm-k-ap-≠m-
Wmw. t£{X ÌvXn bp-ambn _‘-s∏´ krjvSn-Pm-e-ßƒ°v KpW-]-c-amb D¬ bn-cn-°mw. AXp-sIm-≠v, tbmK-sIm≠v
hgn-]mSp coXn-If - nepw Cßs\ ImWmw. °¿jhpw \≥abpw hcp-Øn-sh-°p∂ tcmKw amdn-bh - c
- pw, alm-tcm-Kß- ƒ C√m-
t£{X-ßƒ sslμh B[ymfl tI{μ- Nn¥-If - psS t\¿°p hnI-kn-°p∂ ÿn sX-bm-b-h-cpw, BXvaob tam£w {]m]n-
ß- f mbn Xm≥- ImWp- ∂ n√,- lnμp- Xnsb D]-\n-j-Øp-Iƒ BXvaob-X-bm ®-h-cpw, Cuiz-c-{]oXn t\Sn-b-h-cpw, B
°ƒ°v ]qP-Iƒ BXvaob Ncy-I-fpsS bn ImWp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ C°m-cy-Øn¬ {Kl k^-eo-I-cWw t\Sn-b-h-cp-amb
`mK-a-√, ]e-Xcw tlma-ßfpw a‰pw i¶-c-\m-cm-b-W-s\-t∏m-ep≈ hy‡n-I- hyIvXnI-fpsS Hcp enÃv i¶-c-\m-cm-b-
A\mXvanI coXn-I-fmWv Fs∂ms° fpsS hy‡n\njvT-amb ]pXnb \nco-£- W≥ DSs\ ]pd-Øn-d-°p-sa∂v hniz-kn-
i¶-c-\m-cm-b-W-\pw a‰pw kΩ-Xn-°p-sa- W-ßƒ°p {]mam-Wn-IX I¬∏n-t°-≠- °p-∂p. Atem-∏Xn Xosc D]-tbm-Kn-°m
¶n¬ am{Xsa B{Kl k^-eo-I-cWw Xn-√. BXvtam]-tZi iXIw t]mep≈ sX Adp-]Xp hb- p-hsc Btcm-Ky-hm-
BXvaob-X-b-s√∂v ]d-bp-hm≥ At±-l- {io\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-hns‚ IrXn-I-fn¬ \mbn Pohn® Hcp ka-Im-eo\ C¥y≥
Øn\v Ah-Im-i-ap-≈-Xmbn Icp-Xm-s\m- at\m-hn-Imkw BXvaob-Xb - mWv F∂¿ tbmKm-Nm-cys‚ t]sc-¶nepw (Np-cp-ßnb
°q. A¥-cw-K-Øpf hmIp∂ {]k-∂-X- Y-w hcp∂ ]cm-a¿i-ßƒ ImWmw. I]S ]£w) At±lw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-sa∂p
b-√, A¥-cw-KØp tim`n-°p∂ {]k- BXvaobX F∂p hnfn-°p∂ Imcy-ß Rm≥ Icp-Xp-∂p. N{μ-\n¬ t]mIm-\pw,
∂-X-bmWv BXvao bX F∂p ]d-bp- ƒ, h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e- L-´-Ønse Bƒ Hcp cmPy-Øp-\n∂v as‰mcp cmPyØp
∂n-SØpw sX‰p-≠v. Imc-Ww, {]k-∂X ssZh kwkvImc-hp-ambpw I®-hS BXv sN∂n-d-ßm\pw {]mNo\ `mc-Xo-b¿°v
F∂Xv- A¥- c w- K Øp kZm]n aob tI{μ-ß-fp-ambpw _‘-s∏´ hnj- ssham-\nI _ln-cm-Imi hnZy-Iƒ Adn-
h¿Øn°p∂ Hc-h-ÿ-b-√. AXp ]e b-ßƒ Bbn-cn-°p-hm≥ km[y-X-bp-≈- bm-am-bn-cp∂p F∂p ]d-bp-∂h - ¿°v Nnd-
_mlym-\p-h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-eqsS kam-lr- Xp-sIm-≠v, Xo¿®-bmbpw- Hmtjm cP-\o- In-√msX ]d-°m≥ Hcp]t£,- tbmK-
X-am-Ip∂ ÿnXn-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠p- jn-s\-t∏m-ep-≈-h-cpsS \ne-]m-Sp-Isf t{]aw sIm≠p Ign-t™°mw: kz]v\-
Xs∂ B {]k-∂X Df-hm-Ip-∂X - n-\p≈ dPo_v Dt±-in-®n-cn-°m-\n-Sb
- p-≠v. Hmtjm- Øn¬ am{Xw!
LS-Iß - f - psS A\n-hm-cy-Xsb sslμh bpsS Hcp IrXn-bn¬ C{]-Imcw ImWmw. ˛ Cuiz¿Zmkv tImgn-t°mSv
B[- y mXv a nI¿ Du∂n- ∏ - d - b p- ∂ p- ≠ v . ""a\- ns\ ap≥ hn[n-I-fn¬\n∂v ap‡-
****
]q¿W--Xm-t_m-[-a√ ]q¿W-X- X-s∂- am-°p-I. aXw-, kwkvImcw, BNm-cw,
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 6
]-{Xm-[n-]¿-°v- ]-d-bm-\p-≈-Xv-
IÆocpw Im]-Syhpw
Ckvemw am{X-amWv kXy-a-X-sa∂v ]q¿W-t_m-[y-ap-≈-h-\m-IWw

{]t_m-[-I≥. A√mlphns‚ \nb-a-ß-tfm-tcm∂-pw A{]-am-Zn-Xhpw Ah-
{Ihpw AP-ø-hp-am-sW∂-pw Ah-bmWv bYm¿YØn¬ am\-hn-IX {]Zm\w
sNøp--∂s - X-pa
- p≈ ZrV-t_m-[y-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\Ø - n-em-hWw a‰p-≈h - sc
Cu am¿K-Ø-te°v £Wn-°p--∂ -Xv. ssZhn-I-a-XsØ sX‰n-≤-cn-∏n-°phm
\pw Xa-kvI-cn-°p-hm-\p-ap≈ ]cn-{i-a-ß-fpsS _en-bm-Sp-I-fmbn apkvenw
Isf am‰p-hm≥ th≠n-bp≈ X{X-∏m-Sp-I-fmWv temI-saßpw \mw I≠p-
sIm-≠n-cn-°p--∂ -Xv. aX_-t_m-[ap≈ apkvenwI-fn¬ Xs∂- CkvemanI
\nb-a-ß-sf-°p-dn® A]-I¿jX hf¿Øp-hm-\p-X-Ip∂- kw`-h-ß-sfbpw
hm¿Ø-I-sfbpw krjvSn-®p-sIm-≠mWv Ckvemw hncp≤ tem_n AXns‚
Bib {]Im-i\w \n¿h-ln-°p--∂X - v. apkvenwIsf-Øs∂- Ckvemw hncp≤
Bi-b-ß-fpsS {]Nm-c-I-cm-°p-hm≥ CXp-hgn Ign-bp-sa-∂-mWv Ah-cpsS
IW-°p-Iq-´¬ - . Ckvemans\ kwc-£n-°W - s
- a-¶n¬ Nne CkvemanI \nba-
ß-fp-sS-sb-¶nepw AP-øX - bpw A\yq-\X - bpw km¿h--Im-en-IXzh-pw X≈n∏-
d-t™ -a-Xn-bmhqsh∂-v apkvenwIƒ°v kzbw tXm∂n--∏n-°p∂- coXn-bn-
emWv Ah¿ Imcy-ßsf Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I. B[p-\n-I-sa∂-pw am\-hn-I-
sa∂-pw t]cn´-p-hn-fn-°p∂- \nb-a-ßƒ°-\p-kr-X-ambn CkvemanI \nb-a-
ßsf sh´-nbpw Xncp-Ønbpw Ah-X-cn-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-sW∂- [mc-W-bmWv
Ah¿ D≠m-°m-\mbn {ian-°p--∂X - v. CkvemanI \nb-aß - f- √ - , Ch¿ ]qame-
b-Wn-bn-°p∂- B[p-\nI \nb-aß - f - mWv AS-ÿm-\c - l
- n-Xs - a∂- t_m[hpw
t_m[y-hp-an-s√-¶n¬ Ah-scm-cp-°p∂- sIWn-bn¬ Bcpw hoWpt]mIpw.
A{Xbv°pw ka¿Y-am-bmWv sIWn-sbm-cp-°-s∏-Sp∂-Xv. A\-¥-cm-h-Imin-
I-fn-√msX hme‰p t]mb-h\ - mWv apl-ΩZv \_n ()sb∂- ]cn-lm-kØn\v
A√mlp adp-]-Sn- ]-d-bp-tºmƒ ]cn-l-kn-°p--h¿ Xs-∂-bmWv hme-‰-h-sc∂v-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 7
{]Jym-]n-°p∂-Xv Gsd {it≤-b-am-Wv. Ckvemw hna¿i-I-cpsS ÿnXnbpw
CXm-Wv. AXp -a-\- n-em-°p--∂-h-\m-IWw {]t_m-[-I≥. A√mØ ]£w
i{Xp Hcp-°p∂- sIWn-bn¬ Ah\pw s]´-p-t]m-Ipw. Jp¿-B-\nse G‰hpw
sNdnb kq‡-Ønse hcn-If - psS kmcw \ap°v \¬tI≠ Bfl-hn-izmkw
CØ-c-Øn-ep-≈XmWv: ""Xo¿®-bmbpw \n\°v \mw [mcm-f-amb t\´-w \¬
In-bn-cn-°p-∂-p. BI-bm¬ \o \ns‚ c£n-Xm-hn-\p-th≠n \a-kvI-cn-°p-
Ibpw _en-b¿∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I. Xo¿®-bmbpw \nt∂-mSv hntZzjw h®p
]pe¿Øp--∂-h≥ Xs-bm-Ip∂-p hme-‰-h≥ (`m-hn-bn-√m-Ø-h≥)''- (108:1---1˛3).-
\ujm-Zns‚ IÆv Hcp henb N¿®bpw {]iv\hp-am-b-t∏mƒ CXv Ckv
emw hncp-≤-scm-cp-°p∂- sIWn-bm-sWv a\- n-em-°p--∂-Xn¬ ]ecpw ]cmP-
b-s∏-´-p-sh∂-mWv {]Xn-I-c-W-ßƒ \sΩ sXcy-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv. CkvemanI
in£m k{º-Zmbw ImSh-pw A]-cn-jvIr-X-hp-am-sW∂-v hcp-Øn-Øo¿°p-
hm≥ th≠n ]S-s®-Sp-°-s∏´- sIWn-bn-e-I-s∏´v- CkvemanI {]t_m-[-\-
Øns‚ t]mÃ-sdm-´-n® ]ecpw tamßp--XmWv ImWm≥ Ign-™-Xv. IÆn\v
IÆv F∂- in£m k{º-Zmbw {]mIrX-am-sW∂-v {]N-cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ t]\bp-
¥n-b-h-cn¬ Gsd Bt-hiw ImWn-®Xv Ckvemans‚ _mUvPpw t]dn \S-
°p--h-cm-bn-cp∂-psh-∂-Xns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv Cu hne-bn-cp-Ø¬.
i{Xp-shm-cp-°nb sIWn-bn¬ Ah¿ A-_≤Øn¬ hoWp t]mhp-Ibmbn
cp∂-ps- h∂--XmWv bmYm¿Y-yw. in£ \S-∏m-°m≥ Xocp-am-\n® cmjv{S-tØm-
Sp≈ A‘-amb hntcm-[hpw Ckveman-\-IØp \n∂-p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂-
AXns‚ Zm¿i-\n-Im-Sn-Ød XI¿°p-hm≥ th≠n {ian-°p--h-tcm-sSm-∏-ap≈
A\p-cm-Km-flI kl-hm-khpw Cu hogvN°v kv\nKv[X ]I¿∂-n-´p≠m
Imw. Cu hogvN C√m-sX-bm-I-W-sa¶n¬ Ckvemw am{X-amWv kXy-sa∂v
ZrV-t_m-[y-tØmsS Dƒs°m-≈p-hm\pw hnfn®p ]d-bp-hm\pw \ap°v Ign-
b-Ww. ]ecpw sI´-nt- b¬∏n® A]-I¿j-IX - b- psS hngp∏p `mWvUw Xmsg-
bn-d-°m≥ At∏mƒ am{Xsa \ap°v Ign-bq.
i{Xp-°fpw Iq´-pI - mcpw F{X-Xs∂- ]cn-{i-an-®mepw kXy-Zo-\ns‚ {]Im
iw sISp-I-bn-s√∂- Jp¿-B-\nI {]Jym-]-\-Øns‚ ]q¿W-Xbpw kXyX
bpw hnfn-t®m-Xp--∂X - mbn \ujmZv IY-bn-sebpw ss¢amIvkv F∂-Xv A√m-
lp-hns‚ {]Jym-]-\-Øn\pw \S-]Sn {Ia-Øn\pw bmsXmcp am‰-hp-ap-≠m-
Ip-I-bn-s√∂- kXyw Hcn-°¬ IqSn temIsØ t_m[y-s∏-SpØn. Ip‰-hm-
fn-bpsS IÆn-eq-sS-b-√msX,- Ip‰-IrXyw hgn ]oU\w kln-®-hs‚ `qan-I-
bn¬ \n∂-v Ip‰-sØbpw in£-sbbpw- t\m°n-°m-Wp∂- C-kv-em-an-I-
in£m-\n-ba - ß
- f - p-sS- am-\h
- n- I- - ap-Ja- m-Wv- \u-jm-Zn-\v- am∏p-sIm-SpØ kuZn-
bpsS \S-]-Sn-sb-°p-dn®v hnh-cn® hm¿ØIƒ hy‡-am-°n-b-Xv. B Xe-
Øn¬ N¿®-sIm-sfm∂-pw \S∂-ns - √-∂X - v kzm`m-hnIw am{Xw. ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-
\-Øns‚ ]£-]mX kwkvImcw \ap-s°√mw Adn-bm-hp--∂X - m-Wt√m. Ahn-
sSbpw Ckvemans‚ _mUvPv IpØn-b-hcpw s]mXp kwkvIm-c-Øn\v A]-
hm-Z-sam∂-p-ap-≠m-°n-bn-√. F√m-hcpw IqSn A√m-lp-hns‚ {]Imiw sISp-
Øm≥ {ian-°p-tºmgpw Ahs‚ {]Imiw DP-z-e-ambn hnf-ßpI Xs∂-
bmWv. AXp hnf-ßp-Ibpw sNøpw. A]-I¿j-X-bn-√mØ CkvemanI
{]_t_m-[I - c
- psS a\- ns\ AXv Zo]vXa - m-°pw. Ah-cXv ]¶p-sh-°ptºm
ƒ temIw kXyw Adnbpw; A\p-`h - n-°pw. Hmtcm {]Xn-k‘ - nbpw IqSpX¬
Icp-Øm¿P-n-°p-hm-\p≈ Du¿P- t{kmX- m-Wv, BhWw {]t_m-[-I-\v.
A√mlp A\p-{K-ln-°-s´-˛B-ao≥.-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 8
\u-jm-Zn-s≥-d- I-Æpw-
hn-a¿-i-I-cp-sS- I-Æn-√m-bv-a-bpw--
-A-©¬- X-Sn-°m-Sv- ]p-Ø≥- ho-ń¬- A- ku-Zn-bpsS- Z-b- Im-Øv- a-e-bm-fn- Ip-Spw- A-_q-^m-C-Z-
_v-Zp-√-Xzo-^v-˛\-ô-k- Z-º-X-n-am-cp-sS- aq _w'-,- "k-Du-Zn- tIm-S-Xn- hn-[n-;- \u-jm-Zn-
Ø- a-I-\m-b- \u-jm-Zv- C-°-gn-™- Un s≥-d- {]m¿-Y-\- tI-c-fw- G-‰p-hm-ßp-∂p',- ßƒ- \u-jm-Zn-s\-°p-dn-®p-≈- hm¿-Ø-
kw-_¿- am-kw- c-≠mw- hm-c-Øn-se- hm¿- "\u-jm-Zn-s≥-d- in-£- \-S-∏m-°-cp-Xv-:- B- Iƒ- {]-kn-≤o-Icn-®-Xm-bn- \mw- I-≠p.-
Øm- am-[y-a-ß-fn¬- \n-d-™p- \n¬-°pI- tKm-f- a-\p-jym-h-Im-i- kw-L-S-\'- F-∂n- kz-¥w- Ip-Spw-_s - Ø- t]m-‰p-hm≥- th-
bm-bn-cp-∂p.- "I-Æv- Nq-gvs
- ∂-Sp-°m≥- hn[n;- ß-s\- hn-hn-[- X-e-s°-´p-I-fn¬- ]-{X- ≠n- hn-tZ-i-Øp-sN-∂v- I-jv-S-s∏p-∂- H-cp-
hy-‡n-;- A-Xpw- bm-sXm-cp- {In-an-\¬- ]-
\u-jm-Zn-s≥-d- I-Æn-\p-th-≠n- ap-Xe - °
- Æ - o-scm-gp-°n-bn-cp-∂- ]-ecpw- iv-Nm-Ø-e-hp-an-√m-Ø- hy-‡n- sN-dn-sbm-
B-{K-ln-®n-cp-∂-Xn-\v- hn-]-co-X-am-bm-Wv- kw-`-h-Øn-s≥-d- ss¢-am-Iv cp- Im-c-W-Øm¬- a-\x-]q¿-hw- a-s‰m-cm-fp-
kv.- \u-jm-Zn-s≥-d- I-Æv- "Nq-gvs
- ∂-Sp-Øn-cp-s∂-¶n¬'- A-sXm-∂v- \∂m- sS- I-Æpv- - Ip-Øn-s∏m-ń-°p-I- F-∂-Xv- kw-
bn- B-tLm-jn-°m-sa-∂v- B-i- sh-®h - s
- csb-ms
- °- \n-cm-is - ∏-SpØp- `-hn-°p-hm-\p-≈- km-[y-X C-s√-∂p-Xs - ∂-
]-d-bmw.- F-¥v- B-bp-[w- X-ń-bm-Wv- A-d-
∂-Xm-bn- ku-Zn- ]u-c-s≥-d- k≥-a-\- pw- A-Xn-\p-≈-- h-m-Xm-b-\w- _n-bp-sS- I-Æn-s≥-d- Im-gv-N- \-jv-S-s∏-´Xv-
Xp-d-∂p-sh-®- C-kv-em-an-I- i-co-A-Øn-s≥-d- -am-\p-jn-I- ap-J-hpw.- F-∂v- H-cp- ]-{X-hpw- F-gp-Xn-°≠- n-√.- kzb-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 9
c-£b - v°
- p-th-≠n-bp-≈- {i-aØ - n-\n-Sb - n¬-
\u-jm-Zn-s≥-d- `m-K-Øp-\n-∂v- A-_-≤-
Øn¬- kw-`-h-n-®-Xm-Wv- Cu- A-]-I-Sw- F-
∂m-Wv- ]-d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.-
Im-cm-Kr-l-hm-k-Øn-s‚-
G-Xm-bn-cp-∂m-epw- F-√m-h¿-°pw- B-
izm-kw- \¬-In-s°m-≠v- I-Æn-s≥-d- Im-gv- A-]-cym-]v-X-X-
N- \-jv-S-s∏-´- ku-Zn- ]u-c≥- \u-jm-Zn-\v-
am-∏p- \¬-Ip-I-bpw- I-Æv- "Nq-gv-s∂-Sp-°p-
∂'-Xn¬- \n-∂v- A-t±-lw- c-£s - ∏-Sp-Ib - pw- Imcm-Kr-lØ
- n¬- A-S°
- p-∂X
- p-sIm-≠p-am-{Xw- Ip-‰I
- r-Xy-ßf
- n¬-\n-∂v- k-aqlw-
sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂p.- A-tXmsS- i-co-A-Øv- ap-IvX
- a
- m-hp-Ib- n-s√-∂- k-Xyw- C-∂v- hy-Xy-kvX - - cm-Py-ßf - n¬- h¿-[n-®p-sIm-≠ncn-
hn-a¿-i-I¿-°v- "i-‡-am-b'- H-cm-bp-[w- \- °p-∂- Ip-‰I - r-Xy-ßƒ- hy-IvX - a
- m-°p-∂p-≠v.- ]-Wa - p-≠m-°p-Ibpw- kp-Jn-°p-Ibp-
jv-S-s∏-´-n-cn-°p-∂p.- \u-jm-Zn-s≥-d- I-Æn- am-Wv- Po-hn-X-Øn-s≥-d- B-Xy-¥n-I- e-£y-sa-∂v- ]-Tn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂- bp-h-X-eapd-
\p-th-≠n- ap-X-e-°-Æo-scm-gp-°n-bn-cp-∂- sb- kw-_-\-v[n-®n-S-tØm-fw- ]-W-ap-≠m-°p-hm-\p-≈- Ip-dp-°p-h-gn-I-fm-Wv Ip-‰-
]-ecpw- B-{K-ln-®n-cp-∂-Xn-\v- hn-]-co-X-am- Ir-Xy-ßƒ.- F-√m- B-[p-\n-I- k-aq-l-ß-fn-epw- Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ßƒ- h¿-[n-®p-h-cn-I-
bm-Wv- kw-`-h-Øn-s≥-d- ss¢-am-Iv-kv.- \u- bm-sW-∂m-Wv- kv-Yn-Xn- hn-h-c-°-W-°-p-Iƒ- Im-Wn-°p-∂-Xv.-
jm-Zn-s≥-d- I-Æ-v "Nq-gv-s∂-Sp-Øn-cp-s∂- C-¥y-bn-se- kv-Yn-Xn-X-s∂-sb-Sp-°p-I:- I-gn-™- H-cp- Z-im-_v-Z-Øn-\n-S-°v-
¶n¬'- A-sXm-∂v- \-∂m-bn- B-tLm-jn-°m- Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ß-f-p-sS- \n-c-°n¬- h-ºn-®- h¿-[-\-bm-Wp-≠m-bn-´p-≈-Xv.- kp-Jw- t\Sm-
sa-∂v- B-i- sh-®-h-scsb-m-s°- \n-cm-i- ≥- th-≠n- a¬-k-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂- bp-hm-°ƒ-°n-S-bn-se- Ip-‰-hm-k-\- ò-Xn-
s∏-Sp-Øp-∂X - m-bn- ku-Zn- ]u-cs - ≥-d- k≥- Zm-b-I-am-b- co-Xnbn¬- h¿-[n-®n-´p-s≠-∂v- "C-¥ym-- Sp-tU'- X-bm-dm-°n-b- H-cp- dn-
a-\- pw- A-Xn-\p-≈-- h-m-Xm-b-\w- Xp-d-∂p- t∏m¿-ń¬- hy-Iv-X-am-°-p-∂-Xv- Im-Wp-I:- ""Sm-‰m- C≥-kv-‰n-‰yq-´v- Hm-^v- tkm-jy¬-
sh-®- C-kv-em-an-I- i-co-A-Øn-s≥-d- -am-\p- k-b≥-kn-se- {In-an-t\m-f-Pn- hn-`m-Kw- I-gn-™- H-cp- Z-i-I-Øn¬- \-S-∂- Ip-‰-Ir-
jn-I- ap-J-hpw.- Xy-ß-fp-sS- co-Xn-sb-°p-dn-®v- \-S-Øn-b- B-g-Øn-ep-≈- ]-T-\w- ]q¿-Øn-bm-bn-hcn-
\u-jm-Zv- sX-‰p- sN-bv-Xp-thm- C-t√,- I-bm-Wv.- bp-hm°ƒ-°n-S-bn-ep-≈- Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ßƒ- 40 i-X-am-\w- I-≠v- h¿-[n®ncn-
in-£n-°-s∏S-tWm- th-t≠- F-∂-X-√- C- °p-∂p F-∂m-Wv- B- ]-T-\w- \¬-Ip-∂- `-bm-\-I-am-b- hn-h-cw.- C-Ø-cw- Ip-‰-Ir-
hn-sS- N¿-®- sN-øp-hm-\p-t±-in-°p-∂-Xv.- an Xy-ßƒ- F√m- hn-`m-K-ß-fn-epw- s]-´- bp-hm-°-fpw- sN-øp-∂-p-s≠-¶n-epw- a-[yh¿-
°-hm-dpw- F-√m- am-[y-a-ß-fpw,-- aq-s∏-Øn- K,- D-]-cn-˛a-[y-h¿-K- Ip-Sp-w-ß-fn-se- bp-hm-°ƒ-°n-S-bn¬- C-Ø-cw- {Iq-c-X-Iƒ-
bn-´p-t≠m- F-∂d - n-bp-hm≥- Iq¿-Ø- I-Øn- h¿-[n-®p-h-cp-∂-p-sh-∂ h-kv-Xp-X-bm-Wv- {i-t≤-b-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- cm-Py-Øv- \-S-
sIm-≠v- N-°- Nq-gv∂ - v- Ip-cp- ]p-ds - Ø-Sp°p- °p-∂- Ip-‰I - r-Xy-ßf- n¬- 56 i-Xam-\Ø - n-epw- D-Øc - h
- m-ZnIƒ- bp-hm-°ƒ˛16˛\pw-
∂-Xp-t]m-se- I-Æv- Nq-gv-s∂-Sp-°p-sa-∂- 25˛\pw- C-S-bn-¬- {]m-b-ap≈-h-cm-sW-∂v- \m-j-\¬- ss{Iw- dn-°m¿-Uv-kv- _yqtdm-
[m-c-W- ]-c-Øm-\p-≈- {i-a-hpw- C-kv-eman- A-Xn-s≥-d- ]p-Xn-b- dn-t∏m¿-ń¬- ]-d-™n-cn-°p-∂p.- apw-ss_-bn¬- I-gn-™- 11
I- in-£m-\n-ba - ß
- ƒ- A-Xn-{Iq-ch - pw- am\- amk-ßf - n¬- 551 ò-jW - n-s∏-Sp-Øn- ]-Ww- X-ń-sb-Sp-°¬- kw-`h - ß
- ƒ- D-≠mbXn
hn-I- h-n-cp-≤-hp-am-sW-∂p- h-cp-Øn-Øo¿- ¬- 80 i-X-am-\hpw- B-Z-y-am-bn- C-Ø-cw- {]h-r-Øn-°n-d-ßp-∂- bp-hm-°ƒ- Dƒs∏-
°p-hm-\p-≈- {i-a-hpw- A-Xn-s≥-d- ]n-∂n¬- ´-Xm-Wv.- A-h-cn¬- 50 i-X-am-\-hpw- 20 h-b- n¬- Xm-sg-bp-≈-h-cm-Wv.- _mw-•qcn¬-
H-fn-®p-sh-®n-cp-∂p- F-∂-X-v h-y-‡-am-Wv.- I-h¿-®-bpw- sIm-≈-bpw- h¿-[n-®p-h-cn-I-bm-sW-∂pw- A-Xn¬- 60 i-X-am-\-hpw-
A-Xp-sIm-≠p- - X-s∂- C-kve - m-an-I- in-£m- bp-hm-°ƒ- Dƒ-s∏-´-Xm-sW-∂pw- dn-t∏m¿-´p- sNøp-∂p.- Z¬-ln-bn¬- I-gn-™- h¿-
\n-ba- ß
- s - f-°p-dn-®v- ]-ecpw- sX-‰m-b- coXn- jw- \-S-∂- {Iq-c-am-b- Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ß-fn¬- 93 i-X-a-m-\-hpw- B-Zy-am-bn- A-Xn-\v-
bn¬- a-\- n-em-°n-bn-´p-≠v.- B- h-i-sØ- Cd-ßn-bncn-°p-∂- bp-hm-°ƒ- sN-bv-X-h-bm-Wv''- (C-¥ym- Sp-tU,- 2˛1˛1999).-
°p-dn-®v- N¿-®- sN-ø-p-hm-\m-Wv- C-hn-sS- X-m-\n-jv-S-s∏-Sp-∂- H-cp- s]¨-Ip-ń-bp-am-bn- I-d-ßn- \-S-∂- k-l-]m-Tn-sb-bpw-
Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xv.- Iq-´p-Im-c-s\-bpw- sIm-∂- I¬-°-Øbn-se- ]-Xn-s\m-∂mw- ¢m-kp-Im-c≥;-- ]-Wap-
H-cp- {]-ap-J- a-e-bm-f- ]-{Xw- F-gp-Xn-:- ≠m-°m-\m-bn- Np-cp-ßn-b-Xv- 23 t]-scsb-¶n-epw- X-e-bv-°-Sn-®v- sIm-∂- iym-apw-
""\u-jm-Zpw- ku-Zn-°m-c-\m-b- ss\-^v- ap- c-hn-bpw- (c-≠p- t]¿-°pw- 24 h-b- v-);-- k-v-t\-ln-X-s≥-d- am-Xm-hn-s\- sIm-∂v- ]Ww-
tØ-^pam-bp-≠m-b- kw-L´- \ - Ø - n-\n-Sbn sIm-≈-b-Sn-®- F-©n-\n-b-dnw-Kv- tIm-tf-Pv- hn-Zym¿-Yn;-- Iq-´p-Im-c-s≥-d- ho-Sp-sIm≈-
¬- ss-\-^n-s≥-d H-cp- I-Æn-s≥-d- Im-gv-N- b-Sn-°m-\m-bn- A-h-s≥-d- A-Ω-sb-bpw- k-tlm-Z-cn-sb-bpw- sIm-∂- 21˛Im-c≥;--
t]-m-sb-∂p- I-s≠-Øn-bm-Wp- i-co-A-Øv- \m-ep- s]¨-Ip-ń-I-sf- X-ń-s°m-≠p-t]m-bn- _-em¬-kw-Kw- sN-øp-I-bpw- H-∂ne-
tIm-S-Xn- \-u-jm-Zn-s\- P-bn-e-n-e-S-®-Xv. hn-
[n-®n-cn-°p-∂- in-£-˛ \u-jm-Zn-s≥-d- he-
Xp- I-Æv- -Nq-gv-s∂-Sp-Øv- ss\-^n-\p- h-®p-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 10
]n-Sn-∏n-°p-I''.-
\-u-jm-Zn-s≥-d- I-Æv- sam-Øw- "Nqgv
s∂-Sp-Øv-'- ss\-^n-\p- h-®p-]n-Sn-∏n-°-W-
[n-Iw- t]-sc- sIm-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw- sN-bv-X- Ip-t_-c- ]p-{X≥- (26 h-b- v-);-- 98
sIm-e-]m-X-I-t°-kp-I-fn¬- {]-Xn-bm-b- 25˛Im-c≥.- C-ß-s\- C-¥ym- Sp-tU-bn¬- sa-¶n¬- ss\-^n-s≥-d- Im-gv-N- \-jv-S-s∏-´-
hn-h-cn-°p-∂- Ip-‰-hm-fn-I-fp-sS- \n-c- h-f-sc- \o-≠-Xm-Wv.- I-Æpw- "Nqg-sv- ∂-Sp-Øv'-- am-t‰-≠X - n-t√?--- - \u-
jm-Zv- A-bm-fp-sS- I-Æv- "Nq-gs v- ∂-Sp-Øn-s´m-
F-¥p-sIm-≠v- Cu- Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ß-fp-≠m-Ip-∂p?- H-∂m-a-Xm-bn,- {]-]-©-\m-Y\n-
∂p-an-√-t√m-!- Im-gv-N-bn-s√-¶n-epw- A-hn-sS-
epw- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-X-Øn-ep-ap-≈- hn-izm-kw- \-jv-S-s∏-´-Xv.- c-≠m-a-Xm-bn,-
I-Æn-t√?- A-Xv- "Nq-gv-s∂-'-Sp-°m-sX- a-s‰m-
]-W-ap≠m-°p-I-bpw- ]-c-am-h-[n- kp-Jn-°p-I-bp-am-Wv- a-\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øn-s≥-d-
cp- I-Æv- F-ß-s\- A-hn-sS- h-®p-]n-Sn-∏n-
e-£y-sa-∂v- ]-T-n-∏n°-s∏-´-Xv.- aq-∂m-a-Xm-bn,- F-¥p- Ip-‰w-sN-bv-Xm-epw- X-ßƒ-
°pw?- I-Æv- Nq-gv-s∂-Sp-Øv- A-ß-s\-Ø-
]n-Sn-°s - ∏-Sp-Ib - n-s√-∂pw- A-Yh - m- ]n-Sn-°s - ∏-´m¬-Xs - ∂- kzm-[o-\ß - f - p-]t- bmKn-
®p-sIm-≠v- in-£-bn¬-\n-∂v- c-£-s∏-Sm-sa-∂pw- C-\n- in-£n-°-s∏-´m¬-X-s∂- s∂- h-®p-]n-Sn-∏n°p-hm≥- km-[y-as - √-∂pw-
G-Xm-\pw- am-k-sØ- P-bn¬-hm-k-Øn-\p-ti-jw- kp-J-am-bn- Po-hn-°m-sa-∂p-≈- sd-‰n-\,- tIm¿-Wnb- t]m-ep-≈- G-Xp- `m-
hn-Nm-cw.- ap-X-em-fn-Ø-aq-ey-ßƒ- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂- H-cp- k-aq-l-Øn¬- Cu- h-nNm K-Øn-\m-tWm- X-I-cm-dv- kw-`-hn-®n-cn-°p-
cw- \n-e\ - n-e\
- n¬-°p-∂X - v- Ip-‰I
- r-Xy-ßf - p-sS- ò-Xn-Za- m-b- h-f¿-®°-v- \n-an-ØamIpw.- ∂-Xv- A-Xv- h-®p-]n-Sn-∏n-°-em-Wv- sN-øp-
B-[p-\n-I-sa-∂v- kz-bw- hn-ti-jn-∏n-°p-∂- cm-jv-{S-ß-fn-se-√mw- Cu- {]-iv-\w- I- s b- ∂ pw- A- d n- b m- Ø ,-- H- ´ pw- im- k v -
km-aq-ln-I- im-kv-{X-Pv-R-∑m-sc- A-e-ń-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xm-Wv- k-Xyw.- {Xt_m-[-an-√m-Ø-h-cm-tWm- \-Ωp-sS- \m-
ń-se- ]-{X-{]-h¿-Ø-I¿?- D-t±-iw- a-s‰m-
F-¥m-sWm-cp- ]-cn-lm-cw?- Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ßƒ-°v- I-Tn-\-am-b- in-£- \¬-Ip-I.-
∂m-sW-∂v- hy-‡w-!-
{]-kv-Xp-X- in-£- ]-c-ky-am-bn- \-S-∏m-°p-I.- sIm-≈- \-S-Øn-bm¬- I-cw- tOZn°-
s-∏-Sp-sa-∂pw- sIm-e- sN-bv-Xm¬- X-s≥-d- Po-h≥- \-jv-S-s∏-Sp-sa-∂p-sa√m-ap-≈- in-£m-\n-b-a-ßƒ- F-¥n-\v?-
kv-Yn-Xn-bp-≠m-bm¬- Ip-‰-IrXy-ßƒ- Ip-dbp-sa-∂p-d-∏m-Wv.- C-Xn-\v- Po-hn-°-p-∂- hy-‡n-Iƒ- tN¿-∂m-Wv- Ip-Spw-_ß-
D-Zm-l-c-W-am-W-t√m- C-kv-em-an-I in-£m-hn-[n-Iƒ- \-S-∏m-°p-∂- cm-jv-{S-ßƒ.- fp-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv;- Ip-Spw-_-ßƒ- tN¿-∂-v k-
]-tc-X-\m-b- A-_v-Zp¬- A-ko-kv- cm-Pm-hns≥-d- Im-e-Øv- \o-≠- 25 h¿-j-°m-e- aq-l-hpw.- k-aq-l-Ø-n-s≥-d- \n-e-\n¬-]n\v-
Øn-\p-≈n¬- 16 I-c-tO-Z-ßƒ- am-{X-ta- kp-Du-Zn- A-td-_y-bn¬ th-≠n-h-∂n-´-p- h-y-‡n-Iƒ- [m¿-an-I- \n-b-aß-ƒ- ]m-en
≈q.- A-Yh - m- 16 tam-jW - ß - t- f- 25 h¿-jØ - n-\n-S° - v- \-S∂
- p-≈q-sh-∂¿-Yw.- tamjv- t°-≠-Xp-≠v.- [m¿-an-I- \n-b-a-ßƒ- A\p-
Sn-®-h-\v- ssI- \-jv-S-s∏-Sp-sa-∂- A-h-kv-Y-bp-≠m-hp-tºmƒ,- tam-jv-Sn-®-Xp- h-gn- k-cn-°p-∂- hy-‡n-Iƒ- D¿-s°m-≈p-∂- k-
ssI- \-jv-S-s∏-´-h¿- Po-hn-°p-∂- k-aq-l-Øn¬- ]n-s∂- B- Ip-‰-I-r-Xyw- sN-øp- aq-lw- - k-am-[m-\] - q¿-Wh- pw- \-∑b - pƒ-sIm-
hm≥- s]-s´-s∂-m-∂pw- B-cpw- ap-Xn-cp-I-bn-s√-∂p-d-∏m-Wv.- F-s¥-¥p- {]-tem-`-\- ≈p-∂X - p-am-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂X - n¬- kw-ib - a- n-
ß-fp-≠m-bm-epw- I-Tn-\a - m-b- in-£- `-bs - ∏-´v- Ip-‰Ø - n¬-\n-∂v- H-gn-™p-\n¬-°p∂- √.- [m¿-an-I- \n-b-a-ßƒ- ]m-en-®p-sIm-≠v-
h-cm-bn-cn°pw- `q-cn-]-£w.- Cu- h-kv-Xp-X- ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn-Iƒ- t]m-epw- k-Ω-Xn°p-
Po-hn-°p-∂h - c - pw- A-Xn¬-\n-∂v- Ip-Xd - n- am-
∂-Xm-Wv.- C.-F-kv.- Kw-Km-[-c≥- F-gp-Xn-:- ""sIm-≈,- sI-m-e,- I-f-hv,- h-©-\,- hy-`n-
dn- Po-hn-°p-hm≥- {i-an-°p-∂h - c- pw- G-sXm-
Nm-cw-,- A-Sn-]n-Sn-Iƒ- F-∂n-h-s°-Xncm-b- I-Tn-\- in-£- \¬-Ip-∂- C-kv-em-an-I-
cp- k-aq-l-Øn-epw- D-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.- A-h-
\n-b-a-ßƒ- I¿-i-\-am-bn- \-S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn¬- Z-bm-Zm-£n-Wy-ß-fn-√.- A-d-_v- \mSp-
sc- X-S-™p-\n¿-Øn-b-n-s√-¶n¬- k-aq-l-
I-fn¬- A-Xn-\m¬- I-e-l-Im-c-W-ß-fpw- Zp¿-\-S-]-Sn-I-fpw- Ip-d-hm-Wv'-'- (tZim-`n-
Øn¬- Xn-∑-Iƒ- hym-]n-°p-I-bpw- A-cm-
am-\n- hm-cn-I- 11.- 3.-1979)-.-
PI-Xz-ap-≠m-hp-I-bpw- sN-øpw.- A-ß-s\-
F-∂m¬- P-bn¬-hm-k-Øn-s≥-d- kv-Yn-Xn-tbm?- A-Xv- a-‰p-≈-h-cn¬- bm-sXm- Xn-∑I - ƒ- h-ym- ] - n-°p-∂X - n-s\- X-S™ - p-\n¿-
cp-hn-[- kzm-[o-\h - p-ap-≠m-°p-∂n-√.- Ip-‰h - m-fn- b
- n¬- h-√- am-‰h- p-ap-≠m-°p-∂p-thm?-
Øp-∂-Xn-\m-bp-≈-Xm-Wv- in-£m-\n-b-a-
A-Xpw- C-s√-∂-Xm-W-t√m- k-Xyw.- P-bn¬- in-£-b-\p-`-hn-®v- ]p-d-Øp-h-cp-∂h¿-
ßƒ.- F-∂m¬- hy-‡n-sb- kw-kvI - c
- n-°p-
]-e-t∏m-gpw- s{]m-^-j-\¬- Ip-‰-hm-fn-I-fm-bn- am-dp-∂-Xm-W-t√m- \mw- Im-Wp-∂-
hm≥- ]-cym-]X v- a - m-b- A-\yq-\h - pw- {]m-tbm-
Xv.- Im-cm-Kr-l-hm-kw- I-gn-™v- ]p-d-Øp-h-cp-∂- Ip-‰-hm-fn-I-fn¬- ]-e-cpw- X-ß-
Kn-Ih- p-am-b- [m¿-an-I- \n-ba - ß
- f - pw- i-n£
- m-
fp-sS- ]m-]-]-¶n-e-am-b- Po-hn-Xw- ]q¿-hm-[n-Iw- hm-in-tbm-sSbpw- \n¿-`-b-am-bpw-
\n-b-a-ß-fpw- -B¿-°m-Wv- D-≠m-°p-hm≥-
Xp-S¿-∂-Xv- Im-Wn-°p-∂-Xv- F¥m-Wv?- in-£m-\n-b-a-Øns≥-d- [¿-aw- Im-cm-Krl-
I-gn-bp-I?- {]-]© - - {k-jvS- m-hn-t\- A-Xn\v-
hm-k-sa-∂- in-£- \n¿-h-ln-°p-∂n-s√-∂p-X-s∂.-
I-gn-bq. A-h-\n-¬- -A-N-©-eam-bn- hn-iz-
kn-°p-∂-h¿-t°- A-h-s≥-d- \n-b-a-\n¿-tZ-
i-ßƒ- ]m-en-°p-hm-\pw- I-gn-bq.- \-Ωp-sS-
cm-Py-Øp- X-s∂- H-cp-]m-Sp- \n-b-a-ß-fpw-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 11
\n-b-a-ew-L-\-Øn-\p-≈- in-£-I-fp-ap-≠v.- ∂- ho-£W - w- C-ke v- m-an-en-√.- hy-‡n- kzm- °n-b-Xv.-
F-∂m¬- \n-b-a-ew-L-\w- \n¿-_m-[w- \S- X-{¥y-Øn≥-ta¬- k-aq-l-Ø-n-s≥-d- t\-cn- C-kvem-an-se- in-£m-\n-b-a-ßƒ-
∂p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°p-∂p.- D-- -Ø-c-hm-Z-s∏-´- b- ssI-I-S-Ø¬-t]m-epw- A-]-cm-[-am-bn- {]m-tbm-Kn-I-tam?-- -
h¿- A-dn-bm-sX- F-¥p- sX-‰pw- sN-øm-sa- °-cp-Xp-∂- ap-X-em-fn-Ø- ho-£-W-hpw- k- in-£m-\n-b-a-ßƒ- D-≠m-°p-hm≥- {]-
∂m-Wv- B-fp-I-fp-sS- [m-c-W-;- {]-h¿-Ø\- aq-l-Øn-\p-th-≠n- hy-‡n-bp-sS- k-l-P- bm-k-an-√.- F-∂m¬- A-Xv- {]m-tbm-Kn-I-
hpw- A-Xn-\\ - p-kr--Xa - m-bn-Øs
- ∂.- A-Zr-iy- hn-Im-c-ß-ƒ-t]m-epw- _-en-sIm-Sp-t°-≠- hpw- Kp-W-I-c-hp-am-bn-cn-Øo-cp-∂-Xm-Ip-
am-b- \n-e-bn¬- ssZ-h-sØ- `-b-s∏-Sp-∂h- Xp-s≠-∂- I-ayq-Wn-kv-‰v- ho-£-W-hpw- C- hm≥- ]-cym-]v-X-am-bn-cn-°n-√.- H-cp- in-£m-
∂m-I-s´- ss-Z-h-Øn-s≥-d- \n-b-a-ß-ƒ- ew- kve- man-\v- A-\y-am-Wv.- hy-‡n-bpw- k-aql- \n-b-aw- {]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-sW-∂v- ]-d-bm-\m-
Ln-°p-hm≥- Ign-bn-√. A-Xm-Wv- ssZ-hnI- hp-w- X-Ωn-ep-≈- _-‘w- kw-L-´-\m-fl-I- hp-I- A-X-v Xm-sg- ]-d-bp-∂- Kp-W-ßƒ-
\n-ba- ß
- f- pw- a-\p-jy-\n-¿an-X- \n-ba - ß
- f
- pw- am-sW-∂-√- C-kv-emw- ]-Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.- hy- {]-I-Sn-∏n-°p-tºmgm-Wv.-
X-Ωn-ep-≈ hy-Xym-kw.- ‡n-Iƒ- {k-jv-Sm-hv- Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-® -- aq-
1.- sN-bv-X- sX-‰n-\p-≈- {]-Xn-Im-c-
C-kv-em-an-I- in-£m-\n-b-a-ß-fp-sS- ey-ßƒ- ap-dp-sI-∏-n-Sn-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv- Po-
amhpI.-
e£yw- hn-t°-≠-Xv.- B- aq-ey-ßƒ- ]m-en-®p-sIm-
≠n-cn-°p-∂-h-\v- H-cn-°-epw- a-s‰m-cm-fp-sS- 2.- sX-‰p-Isf- X-S-bm≥- I-gn-bp-I.-
hy-‡n-sb-bpw k-aq-l-sØ-bpw- ]-cn-
ip-≤-am-bn- \n-e-\n¿-Øp-I-bpw- Ip-‰-Ir-Xy- ico-ch - pw- k-ºØ- pw- A-`n-am-\h - pw- A-\ym- 3.- Ip-‰hm-fn-I-sf- `-b-s∏-Sp-Øm-\m-
ßƒ- C-√m-Xm-°p-Ibpa-m-Wv- C-kv-em-an-I- b-am-bn- \-in-∏n-°p-hm≥- I-gn-bn-√.- A-\y- hpI-
in-£m-\n-ba - ß
- f- p-sS- e-£yw.- hy-‡n-sb- t≥-d-Xp- am-{X-a-√- X-t≥-d-Xpw- \-in-∏n-°p- 4.- Ip-‰w- h-gn- {]-bm-k-a-\p-`-hnt°-≠n-
k-aq-lØ - n-\p-th-≠n-tbm- k-aq-ls - Ø- hy- hm≥- A-\p-hm-Za - n-√.- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-Xs - ∂- h-∂-h¿-°v- k-¶-S-\n-hr-Øn- h-cp-Øp-∂-
‡n-°p- th-≠n-tbm- _-e-n-sIm-Sp-°-W-sa- bm-Wv- C-kv-emw- B-fl-l-Xy- \n-jn-≤-a-m- Xm-hp-I.-
k-l-Xm-]-]q¿-W-am-b- k-ao-]-\-w-
Ip-‰-hm-fn-I-tfm-Sv- k-l-Xm-]-]q¿-W-am-b- B-cpw- t\m-°m-\n-√m-sX- sX-cp-hv-
k-ao-]-\-am-Wv- th-≠-sX-∂v- hm-Zn-°p-∂- sX≠-p-∂- Pm-c-k¥-Xn-Iƒ.-
h-scm-s°- Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ßƒ- C-√m-sXbm Ip-Spw-_-\m-Y-s≥-d- a-Zy-]m-\w- h-gn-
°n- k-am-[m-\-]q¿-W-am-b- km-aq-ln-I- Po- XI-cp-∂- Ip-Spw-_-ßƒ.-
hn-Xw- km-[n-°p-∂X - n-\v- {]m-tbm-Kn-Ia- mbn-
Cu- k-¶S-ßt- fm-Sm-tWm- A-X√ - - Ch-
sN-tø-≠-sX-¥m-sW-∂v- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°p-
bv-°v- -D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-I-fm-b- {Iq-c-cpw- \n-jv-
∂-Xn¬- ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv- ]-X-n-hv.-
Tqc-cpw- t`m-Km-ek - c - p-am-b- Ip-‰h
- m-fn-It- fm-
Ip-‰h - m-fn-It- fm-Sv- k-lX - m-]w- Im-Wn-°W-
Sm-tWm- k-l-Xm-]-]q¿-W-am-b- k-ao-]-\-
sa-∂v- ]-d-bp-∂-h¿- {]-kv-Xp-X- Ip-‰-ßƒ-
ap-≠m-tI-≠-Xv?- c-≠pw- Iq-Sn- H-tc-k-a-b-
h-gn- \-jv-S-ßƒ- k-ln-t°-≠n-h-cp-∂-h-cp-
Øv- A-km-[y-am-Wv.- Ip-‰-hm-fn-tbm-S-√,-
sS- k-¶-S-\n-hr-Øn-sb-°p-dn-®v- H-∂pw- Dcn-
{]bmk-a-\p-`hn-®-h-t\m-Sm-Wv- k-lm-\p-
bm-Sm-dn-√.-
`q-Xn- th-≠-sX-∂m-Wv- C-kv-em-an-s≥-d- ho-
bm-sXm-cp- Ip-‰h - pw-- sN-øm-sX- Hm¿-°m- £-Ww.- {]-kv-Xp-X- ho-£W-am-Wv- am-\-
∏p-dØ- v- Po-h≥- \-jvS- s - ∏-Sp-∂- \-nc
- ]
- c- m[n- hnI-sa-∂pw- A-Xn-s≥-d- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-
Iƒ.- Ønep-≈ \n-ba - ß- ƒ-°v- am-{X-ta- a\p-jy-
I-jvS- s - ∏-´v- k-ºm-Zn-®- [-\w- sIm-≈b- sc- Ip-‰Ir-Xy-ßf - n¬-\n-∂v- tam-Nn-∏n-°m≥-
Sn°-s∏-´-v h-gn-bm-[m-c-am-Ip-∂- a-\p-jy¿.- I-gn-bpI-bp-≈q-sh-∂pw- Ckvemw- I-cp-Xp-
C-Wb - p-sS- A-]Y - k- © - m-cØ- n¬- XI ∂p.- AXp-X-s∂-bmWv- i-cn-sb-∂- h-kv-
¿-∂p- X-cn-∏-W-am-Ip-∂- Ip-Spw-_-_-\v[ Xp-X-bm-W-t√m- C-t∏mƒ- hy-Iv-X-am-bn-
ßƒ.- s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 12
5.- Ip-‰-hm-fn-sb- k-w-kv-I-cn-°p-∂-Xm- h-iy-ßƒ- \n¿-h-ln-°-s∏-Spsa-∂- Imcy bmƒ- \n¿-_\ - [ v- n- X- \
- m-bX- m-bn-cn-°m-sa-∂-
hp-I.- Øn¬- kw-i-b-an-√.- N-cn-{Xw- \¬-Ip-∂- kw-ib - Ø
- n-s≥-d- B-\p-Iq-eyw- \¬-In- A-
6.- Ip-‰w- h-gn- \-jvS- w- t\-cn-´h - ¿-°v- ]cn- ]m-Ta - Xm-Wv.- k-Im-Øv- hy-hk - vY - - b-Ym{I- bm-sf- sh-dp-sX- hn-Sp-Ib - p-≠m-bn.- Ip-‰hm-
lm-cw- \¬-Ip-∂-Xm-hp-I.- aw- {]-tbm-K-h-Xv-I-cn-®n-cp-∂- k-aq-l-ßfn fn-I-sf- C-√m-sX-bm-°p-I-sb-∂- e-£y
¬- Zm-\[ - ¿-aß - ƒ- hm-ßp-hm≥- B-cp-an-√m- tØm-sS- in-£m-hn-[n-I-ƒ- hn-[n-°p-I-bpw-
7.- Ip-‰h - m-fn-sb- ]m-iN v- m-Øm-]- hn-hi-
Ø- A-h-kv-Y- kw-Pm-X-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂- A-Xv- {]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-sW-∂v- sX-fn-bn-°p-
\m-°p-∂-Xm-hp-I.-
Xn-\v- Ckve - m-an-I- N-cn-{Xw- \n-ch - [ - n- D-Zml- I-bpw- sN-bv-X- C-kv-em-an-s≥-d- am-\-hn-I-
8.- k-aq-ls - Ø- Ip-‰ß - f - n¬-\n-∂v- kwc- c-Wß - ƒ- \n-cØ - p-∂p-≠v.- k-Im-Øv- hyh ap-J-am-Wv- C-hn-sS-bpw- \-ap-°v Z¿-in-°m-
£n-°p-∂-Xm-hp-I.- kv-Y- \-S-∏m-°n-bn-´pw- ]m-h-s∏-´-h-s≥-d- ]- \m-h-p-I.--.-
C-ke v- m-an-se- G-Xp- in-£m-\n-ba - s- aSp- ń-Wn- ]-cn-lc - n-°p-hm-\m-bn-s√-¶n¬- A-Xn- hy-`n-Nm-c-Øn-s≥-d- Im-cy-hpw- A-ß-
Øm-epw- Cu- [¿-a-ßƒ- A-h- \n¿-hln \p- a-‰p- am¿-K-ßƒ- I-s≠-Øp-hm≥- cmjv- s\-Ø-s∂-bm-Wv.- hy-`n-Nm-c-Øn-te-°-Sp-
°p-∂X - m-bn- Im-Wm≥- I-gn-bpw.- A-Xp-sIm- {Sw- _-m[ - y-kvY - a - m-sW-∂X - m-Wv- C-kv-eman- °p-I-bpw- A-Xn-\v- t{]-c-W- \¬-Ip-I-bpw-
≠p-X-s∂- A-h- {]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-sW-∂v- s≥-d- ho-£-Ww.- "A-b¬-hm-kn- ]-ń-Wn- sN-øp-∂- ap-gp-h≥- Im-cy-ß-fpw- C-kv-emw-
kw-i-b-te-i-a-s\y- ]-d-bm-\m-Ipw.- In-S-°p-tºmƒ- h-b-dp-\n-d-®v- D-Æp-∂-h¿- hn-e-°n-bn-´p-≠v-.- k-v-{Xo-Iƒ- F-ß-s\- h-
Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ßƒ- C-√m-sX-bm-°p-hm≥- \-Ωn¬-s]-´h - c - √ - '- F-∂v- ]-Tn-∏n-®- {]-hmN- kv{- Xw- [-cn-°W - s - a-∂pw- F-s¥-√mw- a-cym-
Ckv-e-mw- km-l-N-cy-sam-cp-°p-∂n-t√?- I-s≥-d- Po-hn-X-{I-a-sØ- B-[m-c-am-°n- \- Z-Iƒ- ]m-en-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv- ]p-d-Øn-d-tß-
Ip-sd in-£m-\n-ba - ß - ƒ- \n¿-tZ-in-°p- S°p-∂- C-kv-em-an-I- cmjv-{S-Øn¬- ]-ń- ≠-sX-∂pa-S-°-ap-≈- A-\-h-[n- \n¿-tZ-i-
I-bpw- Ip-‰I - r-Xyw- sN-øp-∂h - s - c- ]n-Sn-IqSn- Wn-°p-≈- ]-cn-lm-cw- Im-Wp-hm≥- `-cWm- ßƒ- C-kv-em-an-I- {]-am-W-ßƒ- ]-Tn-∏n-
A-t∏mƒ- X-s∂- in-£n-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp- [n-Im-cn-Iƒ-°v- _m-[y-X-bp-≠v.- °p-∂-Xv- hy-`n-Nm-c-Øn-te-°p-≈- Ihm-S-
hm≥- I¬-]n-°p-Ib - pw- Ip-‰I - r-Xy-ßƒ- C- C-ßs - \,- ]-ń-Wn- \n¿-am¿-P\ - w- sNøp- ßƒ- sIm-ń-b-S-°p-hm≥- th-≠n-bm-Wv.-
√m-sX-bm-°p-hm-\p-≈- km-l-N-cyw- H-cp- h-m-\-m-h-iy-am-b- \n-b-a-ßƒ- Bhn-jv-I-cn- ssew-Kn-I- A-cm-P-I-Xz-Øn¬- ap-gp-In-
°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ib - pw- sN-øp-∂p- C-kve - mw- F- °p-I-bpw- A-Xv- \-S-∏m-°n- tem-I-Øn-\v- a-m-d-m-tcm-Kn-I-fpw- k-am-[m-\-]q¿-W-am-b-
∂m-Wv- ]-e-cpw- [-cn-®p-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- am-X-r-I-bm-hp-I-bpw- sNbvX- a-Xw- C-kv- Ip-Spw-Po-hn-Xw- \-bn-°p-hm≥- I-gn-bm-Øh-
F-∂m¬- hm-kv-X-hw- A-X-√.- emw- am-{X-am-Wv.- A-ß-s\- Ip-‰w- sN-ø¬- cp-am-b- hy-‡n-I-sf-b-√- C-kv-emw- hn-`mh-
D-Zm-l-c-W-am-bn- I-f-hn-\p-≈- Jp¿-B- A-\n-hm-cy-am-°n-Øo¿-°p-∂- km-l-Ncy- \ sN-øp-∂X - v.- im-¥a - m-b- Ip-Spw-_m-¥co-
\n-se- in-£m-\n-b-asa-Sp-°p-I.- I-h¿-®- ß-sf- C-√m-bv-a- sN-bv-X-Xn-\p-ti-j-am-Wv- £-hpw- k-am-[-m-\- ]q¿-W-am-b- Zm-ºXy
C-√m-sX-bm-IW - s - a-¶n¬- B-Zyw- ]m-hs - ∏- in-£m- \n-b-a-ß-sf-∏-‰n- Jp¿-B≥- kw hpw- \n-e\ - n¬-°p-∂- k-aq-ls - Ø- kr-jvSn-
´-h-s≥-d- ]-ńWn-°v- ]-cn-lm-cw- I-m-W-W- km-cn-°p-∂X - v.- sXm-gn-en-√m-ba v- b
- pw- Zm-cn{Z- °p-hm-\m-Wv- C-kv-emw- ]-cn-{i-an-°p-∂-Xv.-
sa-∂v- A-dn-bm-hp-∂- {k-jv-Sm-hm-Wv- Jp¿- hpw- \-S-am-Sp-∂- H-cp- k-aq-l-Øn-e√- Ckv- A-Xn-\v- hn-hmt-lX-c- ssew-Kn-I-_-\v-[
B-≥- A-hX - c- n-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂X - v.- A-Xp-sIm- emw- in-£m-\n-b-a-ßƒ- \-S-∏m-°m≥- B- ß-ƒ X-S- -am-Wv.- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-
≠p-X-s∂- ]-ń-Wn-°p-≈- ]-cn-lm-c- \n¿- h-iy-s∏-Sp-∂X - v.- B-lm- c - Ø - n-t\m- A-Sn-kv- hy-`n--Nm-cw- C-kv-emw- \n-jn-≤-am-°p-I-bpw-
tZ-iß - ƒ- \¬-In-b- ti-ja - m-W- v- Jp¿-B≥- Ym-\m-h-iy-ßƒ-t°m- th-≠n- tam-j-W- A-X-v tæ-O-am-sW-∂v- {]-Jym-]n-°p-I-bpw-
in-£m-\n-b-a-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v- ]-cm-a¿-in-°p- tam- sIm-≈t- bm- \-St- Ø-≠X - n-√m-Ø- km- sN-bX v- n-cn-°p-∂p-.- A-Øc - w- ssew-Kn-I- _-
∂-Xp- X-s∂-.- l-N-cyw- kr-jv-Sn-®-Xn-\p- ti-j-hpw- P-\- \v[- ß
- ƒ- C-√m-sX-bm-°p-hm-\m-hi - y-am-b-
ß-fp-sS- ssk-zc - y-Po-hn-Xs - Ø- X-S - s - ∏Sp- in-£-I-fm-Wv- Jp¿-B≥- A-\p-im-kn-°p-
C-kv-em-an-se- k-Im-Øv- hy-h-kv-Y- ]m-
Øp-∂- tam-jvS- m-°fp-s≠-¶n¬- A-hc - p-sS- ∂-Xv.- ssew-Kn-IX - - a-\p-jy-s≥-d- A-Xn-iIv-
h-s∏-´-h-cp-sS- {]bm-k-ßƒ- ]-cn-l-cn-°p- X-am-b- H-cp- hn-Im-c-am-sW-∂n-cn-s°- AXv-
hm≥- th-≠n- \n-iv-N-bn-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xm- I-cw- tO-Zn-°-W-sa-∂p-X-s∂-bm-Wv- C-kv-
em-an-s≥-d- A-\p-im-k-\.- h-gn-hn-´- co-Xn-bn-e-m-Im-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥- iIv
Wv.- k-ºØ - n-s≥-d- H-cp- \n-iN v- n-X- hn-lnXw- X-am-b- \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ- B-h-iy-am-Wv.- Jp¿-
]-W-°m-c\n¬-\n-∂v- ]n-Sn-s®-Sp-Øv- A-Xn- C-kv-eman-I-- cm-jv-{S-Øn¬-X-s∂- Nn-e-
B-\n-se- in-£-Iƒ {]-kIv-X-am-Ip-∂-Xv-
s≥-d- A-h-Im-in-Iƒ-°v- hn-X-c-Ww- sN-ø- t∏mƒ- £m-ah - pw- h-dp-Xn-bp-ap-≠m-Imw.- A-
C-hn-sS-bm-Wv.-
W-sa-∂m-Wv- C-kv-em-an-s≥-d- A\p-im-k- Ø-cw- A-hk - c - ß - f - n¬- ]-ń-Wn- am-‰p-∂Xn-
\.- k-Im-Øv- ]-W-°m-c-s≥-d- Hu-Zm-cy-a√,- \p-th-≠n- H-cmƒ- tam-jv-Sn-®m¬- A-bm-fp- C-kvem-an-se- in-£m-\n-b-a-ßƒ-
{]-Xyp-X- ]m-hs - ∏-´h - s- ≥-d- A-hI - m-ia - mWv- sS- I-cw- tO-Zn-°p-hm≥- C-kv-emw- I¬]n- {Iq-c-tam?-
F-∂m-Wv- {]-hm-NI - ≥-(-)- ]-Tn-∏n-®n-cn-°p- °p-∂n-√.- J-eo-^- D-ad - n-()-s≥-d- `-cW - Im- ""Po-h-\v Po-h≥,- I-Æn-\v- I-Æv,- aq-°n-
∂-Xv.- C-kve - m-an-se- k-Im-Øv- k-{º-Zmbw- e-Øv,- cm-Py-Øv- £m-aw- ]-S¿-∂p-]n-Sn-®- \v- aq°v,- sN-hn-°v- sN-hn,- ]-√n-\v- ]-√v,- ap-
^-e{- ]-Za - m-bn- \-S∏ - m-°n-bm¬-Xs - ∂- kaq- k-ab - Ø - v- H-cp- tam-jvS- m-hn-s\- ]n-Sn-Iq-Snb- dn-hp-Iƒ-°v- X-Øp-ey-am-b- {]-Xn-{In-b- F-
l-Øn-se- ]m-hs - ∏-´h - c - p-sS- A-Sn-kvY - m-\m- t∏mƒ- ]-ń-Wn-aq-ew- tam-j-W-Øn-\v- A- ∂n-ß-s\-bm-Wv- A-Xn-¬-(Xu-d-m-Øn¬)
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 13
\mw- A-h¿-°v- \n-b-a-am-bn- sh-®n-´p-≈-Xv.- \-o-Xn-bp-sS- I-]-S-th-jw- A-Wn-s™-Øp- ∂n-cp-∂p.- C-dm-Jn-se-bpw A-^v-Km-\n-se-
h-√-h-\pw- ({]-Xn-{In-b- sN-øm-sX)- a-m-∏v- ∂- ]o-U-\w- X-s∂-bm-Wv-''- F-∂v- \yqtbm bpw- sX-cp-thm-c-ß-fn¬- A-ta-cn-°-bp-sS-
\¬-Ip-∂- ]-£w- A-Xv- A-h-∂v- ]m-]-tam- ¿-°v- B-kvY - m-\a
- m-b- lyq-a≥- ssd-‰vk
- v- hm- bpw- k-Jy- I-- £
- n-If
- p-sS-bpw {Iq-ca
- m-b- B-
N-\(Øn-\v- D-X-Ip-∂- H-cp- ]p-Wy)-amIp ®v- A-`n-{]-m-b-s∏-´-Xm-bn- ]-{X-ß-fn¬- h- {I-a-W-Øn¬- F-cn-s™m-Sp-ßn-b-Xpw- I
∂p.- B¿- A-√m-lp- A-h-X-cn-∏n-®-X-\p-k-
cn-®v- hn-[n-°p-∂n-√-tbm- A-h¿- X-s∂-bm-
Wv- A-{I-an-Iƒ-''- (Jp¿-B≥- 5:-45).-
Xu-dm-Øn-se- Cu- \n-b-aw- X-s∂-bm-
Wv- i-co-A-Øn¬- C-∂p-ap-≈-Xv.- C-kv-em-
an-I- cm-Py-Øv- C-kve - m-an-I- `-cW
°m-Wv- sX-fn-bn-°-s∏-´- Ip-‰-ßƒ-°v- Cu-
- m-[n-Imcn-
a-X-{K-Ÿ-ß-fn-se-
in-£m-h-n-[n-Iƒ- \-S-∏n-em-°p-hm≥- A-[n-
Im-ca - p-≈X- v.- hy-‡n-]c - a
- m-bn- H-mtcm-cpØ in-£m- hn-[n-Iƒ-
¿-°pw- A-[n-Im-ca - n-√.- C-Øc - Ø
- n-ep-≈- in-
£m-\n-b-a-ßƒ- {Iq-c-hpw- {]m-Ir-X-hp-am-
sW-∂m-Wv- \u-jm-Zn-s\-°p-dn-®p-≈- hm¿- ]-e- a-X-{K-\v-Y-ß-fpw- Ip-‰-ßƒ-°p-≈- in-£-I-sf°p-dn-®v- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°p-
Ø-Iƒ-s°m-∏w- hm¿-Øm-am-[y-a-ß-fpw- ∂p≠v.- A-h-bn¬- ]-e-Xpw- a-\p-jy-cp-sS- ssI-I-S-Ø-ep-Iƒ-°v- hn-t[-b-am-
Nn-e- kw-L-S-\-I-fp-sS- h-‡m-°-fpw- {] bn-cn-°p-∂p- F-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- a\p-jy-Xz- hn-cp-≤-am-b- ]-e-Xpw- A-h-
Jym-]n-®-Xv.- \u-jm-Zn-s≥-d- hn-j-b-Øn-ep- bn¬- Im-Wm≥- I-gn-bpw.- Jp¿-B-\n-s≥-d- kv-Yn-Xn- C-Xn¬-\n-∂v- hy-Xykv-X-
≈- kp-Du-Zn- tIm-SX - n-hn-[n Jp¿-B\ - n-s≥d- am-Wv.- A-Xnse- \n-b-a-ßƒ- ap-gp-h≥- ssZ-hn-I-am-b-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- am-\-
sh-fn-®-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-Wv A-Y-hm- I-Æn-\p- hn-I-am-Wv;- km¿-h-P-\o-\-hpw- k¿-h-Im-e- {]-k-Iv-X-hp-am-Wv.-
]-I-cw- I-Æv- F-∂- {]-Xn-{In-bm-\n-b-aa\p- D-Zm-l-c-W-Øn-\v- hy-`n-Nm-c-Øn-\v- hy-Xy-kv-X- a-X-{K-\v-Y-ßƒ- hn-[n-°p-
k-cn-®m- W- v.- P-UvP - n-°v- Ip-‰w- t_m-[y-amb- ∂- in-£-sb-¥m-sW-∂v- t\m-°p-I.-
Xn-s≥-d- A-Sn-kvY - m-\Ø - n-em-bn-cn-°p-at- √m- "H-cp-Ø-s≥-d- `m-cy-bp-am-bn- hy-`n-Nm-cw- sN-øp-∂-h≥-,- Iq´p-Im-c-s≥-d `m-
A-ß-s\- hn-[n-®-Xv.- A-_-≤-Øn¬- kw`- cy-bp-am-bn-- hy-`-n-Nm-cw- sN-øp-∂- hy-`n-Nm-cn-bpw- hy-`n-Nm-cn-Wnbpw- X-s∂- a-c-
hn-®-Xm-sW-∂v- tIm-S-Xn-°v- t_m-[ys∏ń- W-in-£-b-\p-`-hn-°-Ww'-- (te-hy.- -20:-10)-.-
´p-≠m-In-√.- "H-cp- ]p-cp-js - ≥-d- `m-cy-bm-b- k-{v- Xo-tbm-Sp-Iq-sS- H-cp-Ø≥- i-bn-°p-∂XpI-
\u-jm-Zn-s≥-d- Im-cy-a-√- C-hn-sS- N¿- ≠m¬- kv-{Xo-tbm-Sp-Iq-sS- i-bn-®- ]-p-cp-j-\pw- kv-{Xo-bpw- C-cp-h-cpw- a-c-Win-
®m-hn-j-bw-;- I-Æn-\p- ]-I-cw- I-Æv- F-∂- £-b\ - p-`h
- n-°W - w.- C-ßs - \- C-{km-bo-en¬-\n-∂v- tZm-jw- \o-°n-°f - t- bWw'-
in-£m-co-Xn- X-s∂- {]m-Ir-X-am-Wv- F-∂p- (Bh.- 22:-22)-.-
]-db- p-∂X - m-Wv.- Xn-I™ - - ù-Xn-Ih - m-Zh
- pw- C-hn-sS- ss_-_nƒ- ]-g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬- a-c-W-in-£-hn-[n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv-
ssZ-h\ - n-tj-[h - pw- ap-Ja - p-{Z-bm-b- I-ayq-Wn- hnhm-ln-X-bm-b- kv-{Xo-bp-am-bn- ssew-Kn-I-_-\v-[w- ]p-e¿-Øp-∂-Xn-\p- am{X-
k-Øn-s≥-d- \m-Sm-b- ssN-\-bn-em-Wv- G‰- am-Wv.- I-\y-I-bp-am-bn- hy-`n-N-cn-®m¬- A-Xn-\v- in-£-sbm-∂pw- ss_-_nƒ-
hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- B-fp-Iƒ h-[-in-£-°p- hn-[n-°p-∂n-√.- A-Xp- I-≠p-]n-Sn-°-s∏-´m¬- A-h-sf- hn-hm-lw- sNø-W-sa-
hn-t[-ba - m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂X - v.- A-Xn¬- ∂X-p- am-{X-am-Wv- in-£-.- "hn-hm-l\n-iv-N-bw- I-gn-bm-Ø I-\y-Ibmb- H-cp-
_-lp-`q-cn-`m-K-hpw- a-b-°p-a-cp-∂p- tIkn bp-h-Xn-sb- H-cp-Ø≥- I-≠p- A-h-sf- ]n-Sn-®v- A-h-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn- i-bn-°p-I-bpw-
¬- {]-Xn-I-fm-Wv.- A -- ¬-]w- a-b-°p-a-cp-∂v- A-h-sc- I-≠p-]n-Sn-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xm¬- A-h-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn- ibn®- ]p-cp-j≥-
I-øn¬-sh-®-Xn-s≥-d- t]-cn¬- H-cp- a-\p-jy- bp-h-Xn-bp-sS- A-∏-\v- A-º-Xv- sh-≈n-°m-iv- sIm-Sp-°-Ww.- Ahƒ- A-h-s≥d-
s\- sIm-∂p- I-fbp-I-tbm,- A-Xv- {Iq-c-am- `-m-cy-bm-hp-I-bpw- th-Ww'- (B-h-.- 22:28,-29)-
Wv,- ss]-im-Nn-I-am-Wv,- A-bm-fp-sS- I-p-Spw- hn-hm-ln-X-bm-b- kv-{Xo-bp-am-bp-≈- ssew-Kn-I-_-\v-[-Øn-\v- a-c-W-in-£-
_w- ]-ń-Wn-bn-em-In-t√,- A-bm-fp-sS- a° hn-[n-°p-hm-\p-≈- Im-c-W-sa-¥m-Wv?- (A-tX-k-a-bw- ]p-cp-j≥- hn-hm-ln-X-
ƒ- A-\m-Yc - m-In-t√- F-s∂m-∂pw- H-‰- "a\p- \m-tWm- A√-tbm- F-∂-Xv- H-cp- {]-iv-\-am-bnØ-s∂- ss_-_n-ƒ- Im-Wp-∂p-
jy- kv\ - l - n-'b
- pw a-\p-jym-hI - m-i- kw-LS- an-√)-.- kv-{Xo- hn-hm-lw- sN-øs∏-Sp-∂-Xp-h-sc- ]n-Xm-hn-s≥-d-bpw- hn-hm-lw-
\-bpw- ]-d-bm-dn-√-!-- sN-ø-s∏-´p-I-gn-™m¬- `¿-Øm-hn-s≥-d-bpw- kz-Øm-sW-∂m-Wv- ss_-_nƒ-
]-Tn-∏n°p-∂X - v.- A-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv- kv{- Xo-Is - f- hn¬-°m≥- AXv- ]p-cp-j∑msc-
""I-Æn-\p- ]-I-cw- I-Æv- F-∂- in-£-
A-\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-Xv (]p-d-.- 21:-7,- s\-l-ay-.- 5:-5 t\m-°p-I).- Hcp- ]p-cp-j-s≥-d-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 14
Øn-b-a¿-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-h-cp-am-b- ]- h-cp-sS- t\¿-°p-≈- B-{I-a-W-ß-sf- ]o- bpw- k-¶S- s
- Ø-°mƒ- C-ke v- m-an-I- in-£m-
Xn-\m-bn-c°
- W- °
- n-\v- a-\p-jy-Po-h\
- p-Is
- f- U-\s - a-∂v- ]-d™
- X
- m-bpw- H-cp- am-[y-aØ
- n- hn-[n-sb- {Iq-c-sa-∂p- ]-d-™v- -ap-g-∏n-®p-
°p-dn-®v- bm-sXm-cp- th-Z-\-bpw- C-t∂-h- epw- I-≠n-ń-√.- Im-Wn-°p-hm-\m-Wv- ]-e-cpw- {i-an-®-Xv- F-
sc- Cu- kw-L-S-\- {]-I-Sn-∏n-®-Xm-bpw- A- -\u-jm-Zn-s≥-d-bpw- Ip-Spw-_-Øn-s≥-d- ∂v- hy-‡w.-
""Ip-‰h
- m-fn-Iƒ- a-\p-jy-cm-sW-∂pw- A-
h-cp-sS- Ip-‰-ßƒ- C-√m-Xm-°n- A-h-sc- \-
∂m-°-e-m-Wv- in-£-bp-sS- e-£y-sa-∂pw-
kz-Øm-b- kv-{Xo-sb- A-\-[n-Ir-X-am-bn- D-]-tbm-Kn-®p-sh-∂-Xm-Wv- A-bm-fp- A-√m-lp-hn-\pw- A-h-s≥-d- {]-hm-N-I-\pw-
sS- `m-cy-sb- hy-`n-N-cn-°p-∂- hyIv-Xn-sN-øp-∂- Ip‰w.- A-Xv- sN-øp-∂- Bƒ- A-dn-bn-s√-¶n¬- \-ap-°v- Zp-xJ - n-°p-It- b- h-
hnhm-ln-X-\m-bm-epw- A-s√-¶n-epw- Ip-‰w- H-∂p-X-s∂-bm-Wv.- ]p-cp-j≥- kv- gn-bp-≈q.- C-kv-em-an-I- cm-jv-{S-ß-fn¬- C-
{Xo-bpsS- kz-Ø-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ A-bmƒ- hy-`n-N-cn-°p-∂Xv- H-cp- sX-‰m-bn- ∂pw- hy-m-]-I-am-bn- Cu- {Iq-c- \o-Xn-bmWv-
Ø-s∂- ss_-_nƒ- Im-Wp-∂p-an-√.- Cu- h-kv-Xp-X- b-lq-Z- hn-Pv-Rm-\-tIm- km-am-t\y-\- \-S∏ - n-em-°p-∂X - v.- am-\p-jnI-
iw'- X-s∂- kΩ-Xn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv- (Encyclopedia Judaica, Vol II, col 313). hpw- £-¥-hy-hp-am-b- Ip-‰-ßƒ-°v- -F-{X-
Np-cp°-Øn¬,-- ss_-_nƒ- hy-`n-Nm-c-sa-∂- Xn-∑-sb- Im-Wp-∂-Xv- a-s‰mcm- sb-{X- a-\p-jy-cm-Wv- {Iq-c-am-bn- h-[n-°-
fp-sS- kz-Øn-ep-≈- A-\-[n-Ir-X-am-b- ssI-tb-‰-am-bn-s°m-≠m-Wv.- {]-kv-XpX- s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-?- Cu- Im-S≥- \o-Xn- am-\-hn-I-
ssI-tb-‰Ø - n-\v- a-cW
- i
- n-£X- s- ∂- hn-[n-°p-∂p-s≠-∂Xv- i-cn-bm-Wv.- F-∂m¬- k-Zm-Nm-c-t_m-[-Øn-\v- A]-am-\-I-c-am-
hy-`n-Nm-cw- kr-jv-Sn-°p-∂- km-aq-ln-I- {]-iv-\-ß-tfm- Ip-Spw-_- ssi-Yn-eytam- sW-∂- bm-Ym¿-Yyw- F-¥p-sIm-≠v- a-\p-
[m¿-an-I- {]-Xn-k-\v-[n-I-tfm- H-∂p-w-X-s∂- ss_-_n-fn-s≥-d- ]-cn-K-W-\-bn¬- jy-cm-bn-´pw- a-X-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ- Dƒ-s°m-
h-cp-∂n-√.- ≈p-∂n-√?''- F-∂v- c-≠p- ]-Xn-‰-m-≠p- ap-ºv-
sIm-e-]m-X-I-Øn-\p-≈- B-]-kv-Xw-_- [¿-a- kq-{X-Øn-se- in-£m-\n-ba- bp-‡n-hm-Zn- t\-Xm-hm-b- I-em-\m-Y≥- F-
ßƒ- Im-W-p-I:- "{_m-lv-a-W-s\-s°m-√p-∂- iq-{Z-s\- aq∂p- {]m-h-iyam-bn- gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v.- A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- A-⁄-
Xobn-en-´v- Ip-d-®p- Ip-d-®m-bn- Nn-{X-h-[w- sN-bv-Xv- sIm-√-Ww.- F-∂m¬- iq-{Z- X-bp-sS- B-g-am-Wv- Cu- hm-N-I-ß-fn¬-
s\- a-‰p-≈-h¿- sIm-∂m¬- H-cp- h¿-j-sØ- X-S-hv- hn-[n-°p-I-bpw- ]-{¥-≠v- {]-I-S-am-Ip-∂-Xv.- C-kv-em-an-I- cm-P-y-ß-
]-ip-°-sf-- ]n-g-bm-bn- Cu-Sm-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xm¬- a-Xn'- (Ir-jv-Wm-\-μ- kzm- fn¬- am-{X-sa- P-bnep-I-fpw- tem-°-∏p-I-
an- D-≤-cn-®-Xv:- C-¥y-bn-se- h¿-W-k-a-cw- ]p-dw-- 94)-.- fpw- a¿-Z-\-ß-fpw- in-£I-fpw- D-≈q- F-
ssl-μ-h-kv-ar-Xn-I-fn-se- \n-b-a-ß-sf-√mw- h¿-Wm-{i-a- hy-h-kv-Y-bp-sS- ∂- Nn-¥-m-K-Xn-bp-s-S- t]cv- th-sd-bm-Wv.-
A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-Øn-ep-≈-h-bm-Wv.- {_m-lv-a-W-s\- ]q-Py-\m-bpw- iq-{Z-s\- A[a- bp-‡n-hm-Zn-Iƒ-°pw- i-coA-Øv- hn-a-¿-i-
\m-bpw- I-≠p-sIm-≠p-≈- \n-b-a-ß-fn-¬- D-S-\o-fw- Cu- D®-\o-N-Xzw- {]-ISam- I¿-°pw- A-ßs - \-sbm-s°- hcp-Øn-Øo¿-
Wv.- H-tc- sX-‰v- {_m-lv-a-W≥- sN-bv-Xm-ep-≈- in-£-bpw- iq-{Z≥- sN-bv-Xmep- °¬- B-h-iy-am-bn-cn-°mw.- F-∂m¬- i-
≈- in-£-bpw- X-Ωn¬- h-en-b- A-¥-c-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.- Cu- \n-b-a-ßƒ- a-\p- co-A-Øn-s\- A-w-Ko-I-cn-°p∂-hcn¬- Nn-
jy¿-°p- th-≠n-bp-≈-h-b-√;- Pm-Xn-Iƒ-°p-th-≠n-bp-≈-h-bm-sW-∂v- km-cw.- e-sc-¶n-epw- -""I-Æn-\p- ]I-cw- I-Æv-''- F-
Jp¿-B-\n-se- in-£m-hn-[n-I-fn-¬- C-Ø-cw- {]-iv-\-ß-sfm-∂pw- Im-Wp-I- ∂-Xv- A-e] v- w- I-S∂- I- ø
- mbn-t∏m-bn-t√- F-
km-[y-a-√.- A-Xn¬- bm-sXm-cp-hn-[- D-®-\o-N-Xz-ß-fp-an-√.- cm-Pm-hn-\pw- {]-P ∂p-- Nn-¥n-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬- A-Xn-\p- Im-
°pw- H-tc- Ip-‰-Ø-n-\v- H-tc- in-£.- Xn-I-®pw- am-\-hn-I-am-b- Im-gv-N-∏m-Sv-.- c-Ww- -C-kv-em-an-I- in-£m-hn-[nI-fp-sS-
hni-Zmw-i-ß-fpw- A-¥x-k-Ø-bpw- {]m-
A-Xp-t]m-se-Ø-s∂,- Jp¿-B≥- ssew-Kn-I- k-Zm-Nm-c-Øn-s≥-d- ew-L-\-
tbmKnI-X-bpw a-\- n-em-°m-Ø-Xm-Wv-.-
sØ- Im-Wp-∂-Xv- Ip-Sp-w-_-`-{Z-X-sb-bpw- k-a-q-l-Øn-s≥-d- sI-´p-d-∏n-s\bpw
X-I¿-°p-∂- {]h¿-Ø-\-am-bn-´m-Wv.- A-hn-sS- ]p-cp-j-\pw- kv-{Xo-bp-sa-√mw- C-kv-em-an-I- in-£m-\n-b-a-ß-fn¬- {]-
Xp-ey-cm-Wv.- sX-‰v- B-cv- sN-øp-∂p-sh-∂pw- AX-v- k-aq-l-Øn-ep-≠m-°p-∂- Xn-{In-b- am-{X-a-√- D-≈-Xv.- sN-dn-b Nn-e-
{]-iv-\-ß-fp-sS- B-gw- F-{X-tØm-f-ap-≈-Xm-sW-∂p-ap-≈-Xm-Wv- in-£-bp-sS- sX-‰p-Iƒ-°v- sN-dn-b- Nn-e- in-£I-fp-≠v.-
A-f-hv- \n¿-Wbn°p-∂-Xv.- hn-hm-l-n-X-cp-sS-bpw- A-hn-hm-ln-X-cp-sS-bpw- hy`n- th-sd- Nn-e- sN-dn-b- sX-‰p-Iƒ-°v- C-∂-
Nm-cw- kr-jv-Sn-°p-∂- {]-iv-\-ßƒ- hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bXn-\m¬- A-h-bv°p-≈- in-£-sb-∂v- {]-Jym-]n-°-s∏-ń-ń-√.- C-kv-
in£-Iƒ- hy-X-ym-k-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂v- Im-Wmw.- C-hn-sS-bpw- Jp¿-B\-n- em-an-I- cm-Py-Øn-se- P-Uv-Pn-°v- bp-‡am-
I- in£m-hn-[n-I-fp-sS- am-\-hn-I-X-bm-Wv- \-ap-°v- Im-Wm≥- I-gn-bp-∂-Xv.- b- in-£m-hn-[n- kzo-I-cn-°mw-;- A-Ø-cw-
tI-kp-I-fn¬.- F-∂m¬- C-sXm-s°-bpw- a
\-x-]q¿-hw- sN-bv-XXm-sW-∂v- sX-fn-bn-°-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 15
s∏tS-≠-Xp-≠v.- Xn-I-®pw- \o-Xn-]q¿-h-I- _y≥- k-aq-l-Øn¬- \n-e-hn-ep-≠m-bn-cp- º-cI- f
- p-≠m-hpw.-B¿-°pw- `-bc- l
- n-Xa
- m-bn-
am-Wv- C-k-vem-an-se- in-£m-\n-b-a-ßƒ.- ∂- A-Xn-{Iq-c-am-b- {]-Xn-Im-c- \-S-]-Sn-I- Po-hn-°p-hm≥- km-[y-a-√m-Ø- A-h-kv-Y-
H-cm-fp-sS- Im-gv-N-bn-√m-Ø- I-Æn-\m-Wv- a- fp-sS- I-S-bv-°v- I-Øn-sh-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv- kw-Pm-Xa - m-Ipw.- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-Xs
- ∂- Jp¿-
s‰m-cmƒ- ]-cn-t°¬-]n-®-sX-¶-n¬- ]-cn- Cu- kq-Iv-Xw- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´-Xv.- H-cp- B≥- ]-d-™p-:- ""_p-≤n-am-∑m-tc-,- (sIm-e-
t°¬-]n- ® - b
- m-fp-sS- Im-gvN
- b
- p-≈- I-Æv- F- tKm-{X-Øn¬-\n-∂v- B-sc-¶n-epw- h-[n-°- °p- sIm-e-sb-∂)- Xp-ey-in-£- \¬-Ip-
Sp-°p-hm-≥- C-kv-emw- hn-[n-°p-∂n-√.- G- s∏-´m¬- ]-I-cw- sIm-∂-h-s\- sIm-√p-I- ∂-Xn-em-Wv- \n-ß-fp-sS- Po-hn-X-Øn-s≥-d-
Xv- A-h-b-h-Øns≥-d-bpw- Im-cyw- A-ß- sb-∂- k-{º-Zm-ba - m-bn-cp-∂n-√ A-hn-sS- \n- \n-e-\n¬-]v-''- (2:179).-
s\-bm-Wv.- -- e-\n-∂n-cp-∂-Xv.- {]-Xyp-X,- sIm-√-s∏-´- Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ßƒ-°v- X-°-X-m-b- in-£-
Ip-‰-hm-fn-Iƒ- a-\p-jy-cm-sW-∂pw A- hyIv-Xn-°v- F-{X- hn-e-a-Xn-®n-cp-∂p-thm- e-`n-°p-tºmtg- k-aq-l-Øn¬- Ip-‰-hm-fn-
h-tcm-Sv- I-cp-W -Im-Wn-°-W-sa-∂pw- ]-d- AXp- I-W-°m-°n- A-Xn-\p- ]-I-c-am-bn- Iƒ Ip-d-bp-I-bp-≈q.- F-{X- h-en-b- Ip-
bp-∂h - ¿- Ip-‰w- sN-øs - ∏-´h- s
- c-°p-dn-®v- Nn- Lm-X-I-s≥-d- tKm-{X-Øn¬-\n-∂v- B-fp-I- ‰w- sN-bX v- h
- \
- pw- "a-\p-jym-hI
- m-i'-Øn-s‚-
¥n-°-m-Ø-sX-¥m-Wv?- a-¿-Z-I-s≥-d- c-£- sf- sIm-s∂m-Sp-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p- A-h-cp- -bpw- A-\p-I-º-bp-sS-bpw- t]-cn¬- in-£-
b-v-°pth-≠n- hm-Zn-°p-I-bpw- a¿-Zn-X-s≥-d- sS- co-Xn.- H-cmƒ-°v- ]-I-cw- ]-Øpw- \qdpw- bn¬-\n-∂v- c-£s∏-Sm≥- I-gn-bp-sa-∂m-Wv-
bpw- Ip-Spw-_-Øn-s≥-d-bpw- hn-j-aw- I-≠n- B-fp-Is - f- sIm-s∂m-Sp-°p-hm≥- A-h¿-°v- kv-Yn-Xn-sb-¶n¬- Ip-‰-hm-fn-Iƒ- k-aq-l-
s√-∂p- \-Sn-°p-∂X - n-s≥-db - pw- ]n-∂n-ep-≈- bm-sXm-cp- a-Sn-bp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.- Xn-cn- Øn¬- \n¿-_m-[w- hn-l-cn-°p-s-a-∂-Xn¬-
"am-\p-jn-I- ]-cn-K-W-\'-bp-sS- tN-tXm-hn ®pw- C-Xp-Xs - ∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p- A-hk - Yv- .- Hcp- kw-i-b-an-√.- -
Im-c-sa-¥m-Wv?- a¿-Z-I-\v- a-\p-jym-h-Im-i- D-∂-X≥- a-s‰m-cp- tKm-{X-Øn-se- \n- -m-c- Lm-X-I-s\- a-c-W-Øn¬-\n-∂- v- c-£n-
ß-fp-s≠-¶n¬- a¿-Zn-X-\pw- A-Xn-t√?- A- s\- h-[n-®m¬- sIm-∂-h-s\- sIm-√-p-I-sb- °-Wt- am- th-≠t- bm-sb-∂v- Xo-cp-am-\n-°p-
Xn¬- B-cm-W-v Iq-Sp-X¬- ]-cn-K-W-\-b¿- ∂- \n-b-aw \-S-∏m-°m≥- A-h¿-°v- ssh-a- ∂-Xv- sIm-√-s∏-´-h-s≥-d- A-Sp-Ø- _-\v-
ln-°p-∂-Xv?- - \-ky-am-bn-cp-∂p.- "H-cp- ]m-hs- ∏-´h
- \
- p- ]I- [p-°f - m-Wv.- A-h¿-°v- th-Ws - a-¶n¬- {]Xn-
Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ß-ƒ-°v- in-£- \¬-In-tb- cw- D-∂X- t- \m?'- F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p- A-hc - psS- Im-c-aq-eyw- (Zn-bx)- hm-ßn- A-bm-f- sh-dp-
Xo-cq- F-∂v- C-kve - mw- i-Tn-°p-∂n-√.- F√m- tNm-Z-yw.- Cu- k-{º-Zm-b-ßƒ-°v- A-dp-Xn- sX- hn-Smw.- A-bm-sf- sh-dp-sX- hn-Sm-\m-
k-μ¿-`-Øn-epw- H-cp- t]m-se- h-[-Øn-\p- h-cp-Øn-b- Jp¿-B≥- {]-Xn-{In-b- \-S-∏m- Wv- _-\v-[p-°-fp-sS- Xo-cp-am-\-sa-¶n¬- A-
]-I-cw- h-[-in£- -- \¬-I-W-sa-∂pw- I´h- t°-≠-Xv- {]-Xn-bp-sS- ta¬- am-{X-am-sW- Xn-\v- F-Xn-cv- \n¬-°phm≥ tIm-S-Xn-°v-
s≥-d- ssI- ap-dn-°W - s- a-∂pw- I-Æn-\p- ]I- ∂p- hy-Iv-X-am-°p-I-bm-Wv- D-≤-cn-°-s∏-´- A-h-Im-i-an-√.- {]-Xn-Im-c-aq-eyw -hm-ßn-
cw- I-sÆ-Sp-°W - s- a-∂pw- C-ke v- mw- \n¿_- kq-Iv-X-Øn¬- sN-øp-∂-Xv.- Lm-X-I-s\- sh-dp-sX- hn-´p- I-gn-™m¬-
\v[- n-°p-∂n-√.- h-[i - n-£s - b-°p-dn-®v- {]Xn- a-\p-jy-Po-h-\v- D-∂-X-am-b- hn-e-bm-Wv- ]n-s∂- A-bmƒ-s°-Xn-sc- bm-sXm-cp-hn-[-
]m-Zn-°p-∂- Jp¿-B≥- kq-Iv-Xw- Im-WpI:- C-kv-emw- I¬-]n-°p-∂-Xv.- tKm{X- h-g-°n- {]-Xn-Im-c- \-S-]-Sn-bpw- ]m-Sn-√.-
""hn-iz-kn-®-h-tc,- h-[n-°-s∏-´-h-cp-sS- Im- s≥-d-tbm- hn-tcm-[-Øn-s≥-d-tbm- {]-Xn-Im- Lm-XI - s - \- F-¥p- sN-øW - s - a-∂v- Xo-
cy-Øn¬- Xp-ey-am-b- {]-Xn-{In-b- \n-ßƒ- c-Øn-s≥-d-tbm- t]-cn¬- \-in-∏n-°-s∏-Sm- cp-am-\n-°p-hm-\p-≈- B-Xy-¥n-I-amb- A-
°v- \n-b-aam-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.- kz-X-{¥\v- \p-≈X - √- - H-cm-fp-sS- Po-h≥.- Jp-¿B - ≥- hy- [n-Im-cw- sIm√-s∏-´-h-s≥-d- _-\v-[p-°ƒ-
kz-X-{¥≥,- A-Sn-a-°v- A-S-na,- kv-{Xo-°p- Iv-X-am-°p-∂p-:- ""a-s‰m-cm-sf- sIm-∂-Xn-\v- °p- \¬- I n- b - Jp- ¿ - B ≥,- AXn- s ≥- d -
kv-{Xo.- F-∂m¬-,- Lm-X-I-\v- X-s≥-d- k- ]-I-c-am-tbm- `q-an-bn¬- Ip-g-∏-ap-≠m-°n-b- in£m-\n-ba - ß- f- p-sS- t{]m-Pz-ea
- mb- am\-
tlm-Z-c-\n¬-\n-∂v- h-√- C-f-hpw- sN-bv-Xp- Xn-s≥d- t]-cn-tem- A-√m-sX- h-√-h-\pw- hn-I- ap-J-am-Wv- C-h-n-sSbpw- {]-I-Sn-∏n-°p-
In-ń-bm¬- a-cym-Z- {]-Im-cw- A-Xv- Aw-KoI- Hcm-sf- sIm-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬,- A-Xv- a-\p- ∂-Xv.-
cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- \-√- \n-e-bn¬- ]ng- sIm- jy-sc- ap-gp-h≥- sIm-es - ∏-Sp-Øn-bX - n-\v- Xp- \u-jm-Zn-s≥-d- Im-cy-Øn-epw- Cu-
Sp-Øp-hn-Sp-Ib- pw- th-≠X - m-Ip-∂p.- C-Xv- \n- ey-am-Ip-∂p.- H-cm-fp-sS- Po-h≥- h-√-h-\pw- am¿Kw- Xp-d-∂p-In-S-∏p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- I-Æv-
ß-fp-sS- c-£n-Xm-hn¬-\n-∂p-≈- e-Lq-I- c-£n-®m¬- A-Xv- a-\p-jy-cp-sS- ap-gp-h≥- \-jv-S-s∏-´- hy-‡n- am-∏p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥-
c-W-hpw- Im-cp-Wy--hp-a-s{X.- C-\n- A-Xn-\p- Po- h ≥- c£n- ® - X n- \ v - Xp- e y- a m- I p- ∂ p''- X-bm-dm-bm¬- {]-iv-\w- Xo¿-∂p.- A-Xm-Wv-
ti-j-hpw- B-sc-¶n-epw- A-Xn-{I-aw- {]-h¿- (5:32).- kw-`-hn-®-Xpw.- C-kv-em-an-I- in-£m-\n-b-
Øn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬- A-h-\v- th-Z-\-tb- F-∂m¬,- h-[-in-£- i-cn-b-s√-∂- a-ß-fn-se- hn-´p-ho-gv-N-bp-sS- Cu- ap-Jw- ad-
dn-b- in-£-bp-≠m-bn-cn-°pw-''- (2:-178).- hmZw- A-_≤ - a
- m-Wv.- sIm-e°
- p-‰Ø
- n-\v- {] ®p-sh-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv- hn-a¿-i-I¿- B-tcm-
tKm-{X-h-g-°p-Iƒ- Im-c-Ww- ]-c-k-v]- Xn-Im-cw- sN-øm≥- k-∂-≤-a-√m-Ø- H-cp- ]-W-ap-∂-bn-°-p-∂Xv F-∂-Xm-Wv- h-kv-
cw- c-Iv-Xw- Nn-¥n-s°m-≠n-cp-∂- A-td- k-aq-l-Øn¬- sIm-e-]m-X-I-ß-fp-sS- ]-c- XpX.- -
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 16
ssew-Kn-I- Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ß-fpw-
C-kv-e-m-an-I- in-£m-k-{º-Zm-b-hpw-
ssew-Kn-I-X- H-cp- ssZ-hn-I- Zm-\-am-Wv.- hn-XØ- n-se- k-am-[m-\h - p-sa-√mw- ssewKn- A-_v-Zp¬- A-l-Zv-
Po-hn-If
- n¬- A-Xn-s≥-d- ]-ca - a
- m-b- e-£yw- I-Xb- p-am-bn- _-\[ v- s - ∏-ńcn-°p-∂p-.- ssZhn-
{]-Xyp¬-]m-Z-\-am-Wv.- a-\p-jy-cn-em-I-s´,- I- am¿- K - Z ¿- i - \ - { ]- I m- c - a - √ m- s X- b p- ≈ - {]-Xn-Iq-ea - m-bn- _m-[n-°pw.- A-Xp am-{Xa-
{]-Xyp¬-]m-Z-\-sa-∂- e-£y-tØm-sSm-∏w- ssew-Kn-I-X-bp-sS- D-]-tbm-Kw- hy-Iv-Xn-bp- √,- ssew-Kn-I- tcm-K-ßƒ-°pw- A-Xp-h-gn-
X-s∂- A-hs - ≥-d- am-\k
- n-Im-tcm-Ky-hpw- Ip- sS- am-\-kn-I-\n-e-sb-bpw- Ip-Spw-_-`-{Z-X- k-aq-lØ - n-s≥-d- \n-Xy-\m-iØ - n-\p-am-bncn-
Spw-_Ø- n-s≥-d- sI-´p-d∏
- pw- km-aq-ln-I- Po- sb-bpw km-aq-ln-I- L-S\ - s - b-Øs - ∂-bpw- °pw- hn-hm-tl-Xc - - ssew-Kn-I_ - \ - v[- ß
- ƒ-
Jp-¿B- \- n¬- tI-he - w- in-£m-hn-[n-Is - f-°p-dn-®p am-{X-a√ - - ]-cm-a¿in- C-S-h-cp-Øp-I.- Cu- h-kv-X-p-X- A-\p-`-h-
Øn¬-\n-∂v- ]-Tn-®h - c
- m-Wt- √m- B-[p-\nI-
°p-∂-Xv.- in-£mhn-[n-Iƒ- A-h-km-\-sØ- ]-Sn-bm-sW-∂m-Wv- Ckv- kw-kvI - m-cØ - n-s≥-d- h-IvX - m-°s - f-∂h - I
- m-
em-an-s≥-d- ho-£W - w.- hn-hm-tl-Xc - - ssew-Kn-I_ - \ - [v- Ø
- n-te-°v- \bn i-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿.-
°p-∂- km-lN - c- y-ßs- f-sb-√mw- C-√m-ba -v - sN-øW - s - a-∂m-W-v Jp¿B≥- c-≠p- hy-Iv-Xn-Iƒ- ssew-Kn-I-am-bn-
]-Tn-∏n-°p-∂X - v.- A-Xn-\v- B-hi- y-am-b- \n-ba - ß
- f - pw- \n¿-tZ-iß- f - psa- _\v-[-s∏-S-W-sa-¶n¬- hn-hm-lw- F-∂-- I-
√mw- C-kv-emw- {]Zm-\w- sN-øp-∂p-≠v.- cm-dn-eq-sS-bm-IW - s - a-∂m-Wv- C-ke v- mw- ]Tn-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 17
∏n-°p-∂-Xv.- A-X-√m-sX-bp-≈- _-\v-[-ß- Xn-cp-h-\¥-]p-c-sØ- cm-Po-hv-Km-\v-[n- sk≥d¿- t^m¿- _-tbm-sS-Iv-
sf√mw- \m-iw- hn-X°p-∂-h-bm-Wv.- A-Xv- t\m-f-Pn-bn¬- H-m-tcm- am-k-hpw- ap-∂q-dv- t]-sc-¶n-epw- Un.-F≥.-F-
-k-aq-l-Øn¬- \n-e-\n¬t-°-≠- aq-ey-ß-
hn-c-eS-bm-f- ]-cn-tim-[\- \-S-Øn- X-ß-fp-sS- `m-cy-°v- ]n-d-∂
sf-sb-√mw- X-I¿-°pw.-- ssh-hm-ln-I- Pohn-
X-Øn¬- kw-i-b-Øn-s≥-d- hn-Øp-Iƒ- hn-
Ip™v- X-ß-fp-tS-Xp-X-s∂-bm-tWm-sb-∂v- D-d-∏n-°m≥- th-≠n-
X-bv-°pw.- {]-kvX - p-X- kw-ib - ß - ƒ- a-\ p- FØp-∂-p≠-s{X!-
Iƒ- X-Ωn¬- hn-S-hp-I-fp-≠m-°pw.- A-X- v-
Ip-Spw_-_-\v-[-sØ- D-e-bv-°pw.- `m-hn- Nm-Xy-tem-I-Øn-s≥-d- k-ºq¿-W- \m-i- {Xo-Iƒ- A-h-cp-sS- ku-μ-cyw- {]-I-Sn-∏n-
Xe- a p- d - b p- s S- am- \ - k n- I m- t cm- K y- s Ø- Øn-em-Wv- I-em-in-°p-I-sb-∂pw- ap-∂-dn- °p-∂- co-Xn-bn¬- h-kv-{Xw- [-cn-°-cp-Xv.-
t]mepw- A-X- v- _m-[n-°pw.- bn-∏v- \¬-In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-Ib
- m-Wv- kmaq- c-≠v-:- ssew-Kn-I-am-bn- {]-tem-`n-∏n-°p-
]m-iv-Nm-Xy- aq-ey-ßƒ- kzo-I-cn-®p- ln-I- im-kv-{X-Pv-R-∑m¿.- ∂- bm-sXm-∂pw- k-aq-l-Øn¬- D-≠m-I-
sIm-≠v- ]p-tcm-Ka - n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂- tI- C-kv-emw- hn-`m-h-\w- sN-øp-∂- k-aq- cp-Xv-.- Im-_s
- d,- \r-Øß
- ƒ,- ku-μc - y- a¬-
c-f-Øn-se- C-Δn-j-b-I-am-b- kv-Yn-Xn- hn- lw- C-Ø-c-Øn-ep-≈-X-√.- im-¥-am-b- Ip- k-cw,- _m-se- Xp-S-ßn-b-h- C-kv-em-an-I-
h-c-°-W-°p-Iƒ- [m¿-an-I-t_m-[-ap-≈- Spw-_m-¥-co-£-hpw- k-am-[-m-\- ]q¿-W-am- k-aq-l-Øn¬- D-≠m-hp-I-bn-√.
B-sc-bpw- sR-ń-°p-∂X - m-Wv.- Xn-cp-h\
- ¥- b- Zm-º-Xy-hpw- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂- k-aq-l- aq-∂v-:- hy-`n-Nm-c-Øn-te-°v- \-bn-°p-∂-
]p-cs - Ø- cm-Po-hvK - m-\v[ - n- sk≥d¿- t^m¿- sØ- kr-jv-Sn-°p-hm-\m-Wv- C-kv-emw- ]cn- c-oX
- n-bp-≈- \n-¿_ - m-[a- m-b- kv{- Xo-˛]p-cp-j
_-tbm-sS-Itv- \m-fP - n-bn¬- H-mtcm- am-kh - pw- {i-an-°p-∂-Xv.- k-º¿-°w- ]m-Sn-√.-
ap-∂q-dv- t]-sc-¶n-epw- Un.-F≥.-F- hn-c-eS-
A-Xn-\v- hn-hm-l-Øn-\v- ]p-d-Øp-≈- \m-ev-:- ssew-Kn-I-X- H-cp- sXm-gn-embn-
bm-f- ]-cn-tim-[\- \-S-Øn- X-ß-fp-sS- `m-
kI-e- ssew-Kn-I-_-\v-[-ß-fpw- \n-tcm-[n- kzo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv- ]m-sS- h-n-]m-S\w- sN-ø-
cy-°v- ]n-d-∂- Ip-™v- X-ß-fp-tS-Xp-X-s∂-
°-s∏-S-W-sa-∂m-Wv- C-kv-emw- I-cp-Xp-∂- Ww.- th-iy-It- fm- Imƒ-tK-fp-It- fm- skIv-
bm- t Wm- s b- ∂ v - D- d - ∏ n- ° m≥- th- ≠ n-
Xv.- A-Xp-sIm-≠v- A-Ø-cw- ssew-Kn-I- _- kv- t_mw-_p-I-tfm- \-Kv-\-tam-U-ep-I-tfm-
FØp-∂-p-≠-t{X!- (am-Xr-`q-an- B-gv-N-∏-Xn-
\v[
- ß- ƒ- C-√m-sX-bm-°p-hm-\m-hi - y-am-b- H-∂pw- C-kv-em-an-I- k-aq-l-Øn¬- D-≠m-
∏v- 31.-1.-99).- - C-Xp- Im-Wn-°p-∂-sX-¥m-Wv?-
in-£-I-fm-Wv- Jp¿-B≥- A-\p-im-kn-°p- hp-I-bn-√.-
]-ck - v]
- c - w- hn-iz- m- k- a - n-√m-Ø- C-WI - fp-sS-
∂-Xv.- ssew-Kn-I-X- A-Xn-i-Iv-X-am-b- H-cp-
F-Æw- h¿-[n-®p-hc - p-∂p-sh-∂v.- - F-¥m-Wn- A-©v-:- A-\y- kv-{Xo˛]p-cp-j-∑m¿-
hn-Im-ca
- m-sW-∂n-cn-s°- A-Xn-¬\ - n-∂v- a\p-
Xn-\v- I-m-c-Ww?- D-Øcw- "am-Xr-`q-an'-X-s∂- H∂n-®v- (`¿-Øm-thm- hn-hm-lw- \n-jn-≤-
jy-sc- X-S™ - p-\n¿-Øm≥- i-IX v- a- m-b- \S-
]-db - p-∂p-≠v.- "k¿-th-bn¬- ]-s¶-Sp-Ø- 30 am-b- _-\v-[p-thm- Iq-sS-bn-√m-sX)- bm-{X-
]-Sn-Iƒ- B-h-iy-am-Wv.- Jp¿-B-\n-se- in-
i-X-am-\w- ]p-cp-j-∑m-cpw- 18 i-X-am-\w- kv- sN-ø-cp-Xv.-
£-Iƒ {]-kIvX - a
- m-Ip-∂X
- -v C-hn-sS-bmWv.-
{Xo-I-fpw- hn-hm-l-_m-ly-_-\v-[-Øn¬- B-dv-:- A-\y-kv-{Xo- ]p-cp-j-∑m¿- a-s‰m-
G¿-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cm-Wv'.- km-l-N-cy-ß-ƒ C-√m-bv-a- sN-ø-pI
cm-fp-sS- km-∂n-[y-Øn-e-√m-sX- kz-Im-cy-
k-Zm-Nm-c- aq-ey-ßƒ- ap-dp-sI- ]n-Sn-°p- Jp-¿-B-\n¬- tI-h-ew- in-£m-hn-[n-I- kw-`m-j-W-Øn-te¿-s∏-Scp-Xv.-
∂p-sh-∂-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂- tI-c-fo-b- k-aq- sf-°p-dn-®p am-{X-a-√- ]-cm-a¿-in-°p-∂-Xv.-
G-gv-:- ]p-cp-j≥- kv-{Xo-sb-tbm,- kv-{Xo-
l-Øn-s≥-d- kvY - n-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv.- ]m-ivN - m-Xy- in-£mhn-[n-Iƒ- A-h-km-\-sØ- ]-Sn-bm-
-]p-cp-j-s\-tbm,- A-h¿- hn-hm-l-Øn-eq-sS-
k-aq-lß - f - n-se- kvY - n-Xn-bm-Is - ´- C-Xn-epw- sW-∂m-Wv- C-kve - m-an-s≥-d- ho-£W
- w.- hn-
C-WI - f
- m-bn- am-dn-bn-ń-s√-¶n¬,- Im-ah
- n-Im-
I-jv-S-am-Wv.- K¿-`n-Wn-I-fm-Ip-∂- sIm- hm-tl-X-c- ssew-Kn-I-_-\v-[-Øn-te-°v- \-
c-tØm-sS- t\m-°-cp-Xv.-
®pIp-™p-ß-fm-Wv- A-hn-S-sØ- G-‰-hpw- bn-°p-∂- km-l-N-cy-ß-sf-sb-√mw- C-√m-
bv-a- sN-ø-W-sa-∂m-Wv- Jp¿-B-≥- ]-Tn-∏n- F-´v-:- Im-a-hn-Im-c-ap-≠-m-°p-∂- co-Xn-
h-en-b- km-aq-ln-I{- ]-iv\ - w.- Pm-c- k-¥Xn-
°p-∂-Xv.- A-Xn-\v- B-h-iy-am-b- \n-b-a-ß- bn¬- kw-km-cn-°p-I-tbm- sIm-©n-°p-g-
I-fm-Wv K- h
- ¨-sa-≥d - n-s\- A-e´- p-∂ {][m-
fpw- \n¿-tZ-i-ß-fp-sa-√mw- C-kv-emw- {]Zm- bp-I-tbm- sN-ø-cp-Xv.-
\-s∏-´- a-s‰m-cp- {]iv-\w.- CsXm-∂pw- H-cp-
hm¿-Øt- b- A-s√-∂- kvY - n-Xn-bm-Wh - n-sS.- \w- sN-øp-∂p-≠v.- A-h-sb- C-ß-s\- kw- H-º-Xv-:- ]p-cp-j≥- hn-hm-lm-t\z-j-W-
]-t£,- C-Ø-cw- kZm-Nm-c- ew-L-\-ßƒ- {K-ln-°mw.- hp-am-bn- h-∂m¬- A-h≥- kw-kI v- m-c- kº-
h-gn- Ip-Spw-_-sa-∂- kv-Ym-]-\w- A-hn-sS- H-∂v:- - kv{- Xo-If- pw- ]-pc
- p-j∑
- m-cpw- am\y- ∂-\m-sW-¶n¬- s]¨-Ip-ń-sb- hn-hm-lw-
X-I¿-∂p- Xcn-∏W - a- m-bn-´p-s≠-∂pw- AXp- am-bn- h-kv-{Xw- [-cn-°-Ww.- ]p-cp-j-\n-se- sN-bvX- p-sIm-Sp-°m≥- c-£n-Xm-°ƒ- k-∂-
h-ºn-®- km-aq-ln-I- {]-iv-\-ßƒ- kr-jv-Sn- ssew-Kn-I- D-tØ-P-\-Øn-\v- Im-gv-N- H-cp- ≤-cm-I-Ww.-
®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ib - m-sW-∂pw- C-Xv- ]miv- {]-[m-\- Im-cW - a- m-bX- p-sIm-≠p-Xs - ∂- kv- ]-Øv-:- H-cp- kv-{Xo-sb-s°m-≠v- hn-Imc-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 18
ssew-Kn-I- hn-Im-c-sØ- D-tØ-Pn-∏n-°p-∂- co-Xn-bn¬- ao-Un-b-bpw- Ww G-s‰-Sp-°p-I-tbm- A-√m-lp- A-h¿-
am-¿-°-‰p-I-fpw- am-dp-I-bpw- hn-hm-tl-X-c- ssew-Kn-I-_-\v-[w- H-cp- s°m-cp- am¿-Kw- D-≠m-°n-Ø-cn-I-tbm- sN-
øp-∂-Xp-h-sc''- (Jp¿-B≥- 4:-15).-
]m]-a-s√-∂- co-Xn-bn¬- k-aq-lw- ssI-Im-cyw- sN-øp-hm-\m-cw-`n-
°p-I-bpw- sN-b-vX-Xp- Im-c-Ww- kv-{Xo-Iƒ-°p- t\-sc-bp≈- A-{I- Cu- kq-Iv-X-Øn¬- A-√m-lp- \n-ßƒ-
s°m-cp- am¿-Kw- \n-iv-N-bn-°p-∂-Xp-h-sc-
a-ßƒ- h¿[n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xm-Wv- hm-kv-X-hw. sb-∂v- ]-d™ - X
- ns\- A-\z¿-Ya- m-°n-s°m-
≠v- hy-`n-Nm-c-Ø-n-\p-≈- J-Wv-Un-X-am-b-
i-a\- w- km-[y-a√- m-Øh- ¿-°v- H-∂n-e[ - n- I
- w- _\v-[-tØm-Sp-≈- k-aql-Øn-s≥-d- k-ao- hn-[n- ]n-∂o-Sv- h-∂p.- A-Xn-ß-s\-bm-Wv-:-
t]-sc- Nn-e- hy-h-kv-Y-Iƒ-°v- hn-t[-b-am- ]-\Ø- n¬- h-∂- am-‰h- pw- ao-Un-bI
- f
- pw- am¿- ""hy-`n-N-cn-°p-∂- kv-{Xo-˛]p-cp-j-∑m-cn¬-
bn- hn-hm-lw- - sN-øp-hm≥- A-\p-hm- Z- a
- p-≠v.- °-‰p-I-fpw- kv-{Xo-ku-μ-cy-sØ- H-cp- hn¬- Hm-tcm-cp-Ø-sc-bpw- \n-ßƒ- \q-dv- A-Sn- A-
]-\-®-c-°m-bn- D-]-tbm-Kn-°m-\m-cw-`n-®- Sn-°pI.- \n-ß-ƒ- A-√m-lp-hn-epw- A-¥y-
Jp¿-B≥- H-∂m-aX - m-bn,- ssew-Kn-I- hn-
Xpw- Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ß-fp-sS- h¿-[-\-bn¬- sN- Zn-\-Øn-epw- hn-iz-kn-°p-∂-h-cm-sW-¶n¬-
Im-cw- D-tØ-Pn-∏n-°p-I-bpw- Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-
dp-X-√m-Ø- ]-¶p-h-ln-®n-´p-≠v.- Cu- kv-Yn- A-√m-lp-hn-s≥-d- a-X-\n-b-a-Øn¬- (A-Xp-
ßƒ-°v- t{]cn-∏n-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂- km-
Xn- Xp-S¿-∂m¬- am-\y-am-bn- Po-hn-°-W-sa- \-S-∏m-°p-∂- hn-j-b-Øn¬)- Ah-tcm-Sp-
l-N-cy-ßƒ- C-√mbv-a- sNøp-∂p.- c-≠m-a-
∂m-{K-ln-°p-∂- h-\n-X-Iƒ-°v- sskz-c-am- ≈- Z-b-sbm-∂pw- \n-ß-sf- _m-[n-°m-Xn-
Xm-bn-,- hn-lnX-am-b- am¿-K-Øn¬- hn-Im-c-
bn- \-S-°m≥- ]-‰m-Ø- kv-Yn-Xn-bm-Wv- tI- cn-°s- ´.- A-hc
- p-sS- in-£- \-S°
- p-t∂-SØv-
i-a-\-Øn-\m-h-iy-am-b- Xp-d-∂- Aw-Ko-Im-
c-f-Øn-ep-≠m-hp-I.- k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬-\n-∂p-≈- H-cp- kw-
cw- \¬-Ip-∂p.- C-Xn-\p-ti-j-hpw- hn-Im-c-
Lw- k-∂n-ln-X-cm-hp-I-bpw- sN-ø-s´''-
i-a-\-Øn-\v- A-km-∑m¿-Kn-I- am¿K-ß-sf- C-Ø-c-sam-c-h-kv-Y- C-kv-em-an-I- k-aq-
(Jp¿-B≥- 24:-2).-
A-h-ew-_n-°p-∂-h¿- k-aq-l-Øn-s≥-d- l-Øn-ep-≠m-hp-I-bn-√.- A-hn-sS- kv-{Xo-
Iƒ-°v- X-ßfp-sS- am-\w- A-]-l-cn-°-s∏- Cu- kq-Iv-X-Øn¬- \q-d-Sn- hn-[n-®n-cn-
[m¿-an-I- \n-e-hm-csØ- X-I¿-°p-I-bpw-
Sp-sa-∂- ò-Xn-tbm-sS- Po-hn-t°-≠- K-Xn- °p-∂-Xv- A-hn-hm-ln-X-cm-b- hy-`n-Nm-cn-
Ip-Spw-_-sØ-bpw- k-aq-l-sØ-bp-sa-√mw-
bp-≠m- h- p-Ib- n-√.- {]-hm-NI- s
- ≥-d- Im-eØ - v- Iƒ-°m-W.v- - A-h¿- hn-hm-ln-Xc - m-sW-¶n¬-
\-in-∏-n-°p-I-bp-am-Wv- sN-øp-∂-Xv.- A-
hn-ce
- n-se-Æm-hp-∂- hy-IvX - n-Is- f- am-{X-ta- F-dn-™p-sIm-√-W-sa-∂mWv- C-kv-em-an-
Øcw- B-fp-I-sf- I-Tn-\-am-bn- in-£n-°-
hy`n-Nm-c-Øn-\v- in-£n-®n-´p-≈q.- J-eo-^- s≥-d- hn-[n-.- {]-hm-N-I≥- ()- X-s≥-d- `-c-
W-sa-∂m-Wv- C-kv-em-an-s≥-d- \n¿-tZ-iw.-
am-cp-sS- `-c-W-Im-e-Øpw- X-ssY-h.- am-[y- W-Im-e-Øv- CØ-cw- \m-ev- tI-kp-I-fn¬-
a-\p-jy-sc- A-km-∑m¿-Kn-I-fm-°p-∂- F-dn-™p-sIm-√m≥- hn-[n-®n-cp-∂p-sh-∂v-
a-ß-fp-sS- I-S-∂p-I-b-‰-hpw- ]m-iv-Nm-Xy-
Xn¬- km-lN - c - y-ßƒ-°v- A-\¬-]a - m-b- ]- Im-Wm≥- I-gn-bpw.- A-Xn¬- H-sc-Æ-Øn-
kw-kv-Im-c-Øn-s≥-d- kzm-[o-\-hp-sa-√mw-
¶p-≠v.- ssew-Kn-I- hn-Im-c-sØ- D-tØ-Pn- se- {]-Xn-Iƒ- Pq-X∑ - m-cm-bn-cp-∂p.- _m-°n-
G-sd- Po¿-W-X-Iƒ- kr-jv-Sn-®n-´ps≠-¶n-
∏n-°p-∂- co-Xn-bn¬- ao-Un-b-bpw- am-¿-°- aq-∂n-epw- ap-kv-enw-I-fpw.- hn-hm-ln-X-cm-b-
epw- C-∂pw- Jp¿-B\n-I- in-£m-hn-[n-Iƒ-
‰p-I-fpw- am-dp-I-bpw- hn-hm-tl-X-c- ssew- hy-`n-Nm-cn-I-sf- F-dn-™p-sIm-√p-hm-\p-f-
kzo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂- \m-Sp-I-fn¬- ssew-Kn-
Kn-I-_-\v-[w- H-cp- ]m-]-a-s√-∂- co-Xn-bn¬- I¬-]-\- an-°- l-Zo-Yv- {K-\v-Y-ß-fpw- (ap-
I- Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ßƒ- Xm-c-X-tay-\- Ip-d-hm-
k-aq-lw- ssI-Im-cyw- sN-øp-hm-\m-cw-`n-°p- kv-enw,- A_q-Z-m-hqZv,- C_v-\p-am-P,- ss_-
sW-∂- h-kv-Xp-X- C-Xns≥-d- {]m-tbm-Kn-
I-bpw- sN-bv-XX - p- Im-cW
- w- kv{- Xo-Iƒ-°p- I-X- h-y-Iv-X-am-°pI-bm-Wv- sN-øp-∂-Xv.- l-Jn,- A-l-va-Zv)- dn-t∏m¿-´v- sN-bv-Xn-´p-≠v.-
t\-sc-bp≈- A-{I-a-ßƒ- h¿-[n-®p-sIm- AXp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- hn-hmln-X-cm-b- hy-
≠n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂X - m-Wv- hm-kvX- h- w.- tI- c-≠p- X-cw- in-£-Iƒ-
`n-Nm-cn-Is
- f- F-dn-™p-sIm-√p-Ib - m-Wv- th-
c-f-Øn-se- A-h-kv-Y-X-s∂-sb-Sp-°p-I.- C-kve
- m-an-s≥-d- F-√m- \n-ba- ß- s- f-bpw- ≠-sX-∂- Im-cy-Øn¬- ap-kv-enw- ]-Wv-Un-
1994˛¬- tI-c-f-Øn¬- c-Pn-kv-‰¿-sN-ø-s∏- t]m-se- in-£m-\n-b-a-hpw- ]-Sn-]-Sn-bm-bm- X-∑m¿-°n-Sb - n¬- A-`n-{]m-b- h-yX - ym-kß- -
ń-cp-∂- _-em¬-kw-K-t°-kp-Iƒ- 193˛Dw- Wv- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´-Xv.- h-y-`n-Nm-c-Øn- sfm-∂p-an-√.- {]-kv-Xp-X- \n-b-aw- Jp-¿-B-
1995˛¬- 266˛Dw- 1996˛¬- 339˛D-w- B-bn-cp- \v- B-Zyw- hn-[n-°-s∏-´-Xv- ho-´p-X-S-¶-em- \n¬- ]-cm-a¿ - i- n-°s
- ∏-ń-ń-s√-¶n-epw- J-Wv-
∂p-sh-¶n¬- 1997˛¬- A-Xv- 588 Bbn- D- bn-cp-∂p.- ""\n-ß-fp-sS- kv-{Xo-I-fn¬-\n-∂v- Un-X-hpw- k-Xy-k-\v-[-hp-am-b- l-Zo-Y-p-I-
b¿-∂p.- c-≠p-h¿-j-Øn-\n-S-bn¬- 121.-05 \o-N-hr-Øn-bn-te¿-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cm-tcm- A- fm¬- kvYn-c-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xp-sIm-≠-m-Wn-Xv.-
iX-am-\w- h¿-[-\-!- 98 H-Iv-tSm-_¿- am-k- h¿-s°-Xn-cn¬- km-£n-If - m-bn- \n-ßf - n¬-
F-¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv- H-tc- Ip-‰-Øn-\v- c-
am-b-t∏m-tg-°v- 461 _-em¬-kw-K-t°-kp- \n-∂v- \m-ep- t]-sc- \n-ßƒ- sIm-≠p-h-cp-
≠p-X-cw- in£-Iƒ- C-kv-emw- hn[n-®n-cn-
Iƒ- dn-t∏m¿-´v- sN-ø-s∏-ń-´p-≠v.- (A-h-ew- hn≥.- A-ß-s\- A-h¿- km-£yw- h-ln-
°p-∂Xv?-
_w-:- am-X-r-`-q-an- B-gv-N-∏-Xn-∏v- 24.-1.-1999).- - ®m¬- A-h-sc- \n-ßƒ- ho-Sp-I-fn¬- X-S-
™p-sh-®p-sIm-≠-n-cn-°p-I.- A-h-sc- a-c- I
- p-‰w- H-∂p-Xs
- ∂-bm-sW-¶n-epw- A-Xp-
F-¥m-Wn-X-n-\v- Im-c-Ww?- hn-hm-tl-X-c-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 19
sN-øp-∂- hy-IvX - n-If - p-sS- \n-eh - m-ch - pw- A- ]-Xn-{h-X-I-sf-∏-‰n- B-tcm-]-W-ßƒ- ]-d-™p-≠-m-°-p-I-
Xp- k-aq-l-Øn-ep-≠m-°p∂- {]-Xym-Lm- Nn-e-cp-sS- tlm_n-bm-Wv-.- A-Ø-cam-fp-Iƒ- k-aq-l-Øn¬-
X-hp-wIq-Sn- ]-cn-K-Wn-®p-sIm-≠mWv- C-kv-
D-≠m-°p-∂- Ipg∏ßƒ- Nn-√d-sbm-∂p-a-√.- F¨-]-X-Sn-
emw- in-£m-hn-[n-Iƒ- \n-iv-N-bn-®n-cn-°p-
∂-Xv.- A-hn-hm-ln-X-cp-sS- hy-`n-Nm-cw- H-cp-
In-´p-sa-∂v- h-∂m¬- B-cpw- A-Ø-cw- Zp-cm-tcm]W-ß-fp-am-bn-
Ip-‰-am-Wv.- ]-t£-,- A-h¿-°v- X-ß-fp-sS- \-S-°p-I-bn-√.-
ssew-Kn-I- hn-Im-cw- i-an-∏n-°p-hm≥- hnln-
X-am-b am¿-K-ßƒ- ap-∂ne-n-√;-- A-h-cp-sS- km-£n-Is - f- lm-Pc - m-°p-hm≥- k-∂≤ - c
- m- Iƒ- hn-[n-®- C-kv-emw- A-tXm-sSm-∏w-X-
{]-h¿- Ø - \
- w- aq-ew- I-pS- pw-__-\v[ - ß - s- fm- h-Ww.- A-√m-Ø- ]-£w- B-tcm-]n-°-s∏- s∂- \n-c-]-cm-[n-Iƒ- in-£-n-°-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-
∂pw- X-I-cp-∂n-√.- F-∂m¬- hn-hm-ln-Xcp- Sp-∂-h-c-√-,- {]-Xyp-X- B-tcm-]n-°p-∂-h-cm- °p-hm≥- B-h-iy-am-b- \n-b-a-ßƒ- Iq-Sn-
sS- hy-`n-Nm-ct- am?- A-h¿-°p-ap-∂n¬- Xß- Wv- in-£n-°-s∏-Sp-I.- hy-`n-Nm-cm-tcm]W B-hn-jv-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v.- \m-ep- Zr-Iv-km-£n-
fp-sS- hn-Im-ci - a - \
- Ø- n-\v- \n-ba - m-\p-krXw- ap-∂-bn-°p-∂-h¿-°p-≈- in-£-sb-∏-‰n- Iƒ- D-s≠-¶n¬- am-{Xsa- H-cmƒ- a-s‰m-cm-
]-cn-W-bn-®- C-W-I-fp≠v.- {]-kv-Xp-X- Jp¿-B≥- hy-IX -v a
- m-°p-∂X - n-ßs
- \-bmWv:- fp-sS- t]-cn¬- hy-`n-Nm-cm-tcm-]-Wap-∂-bn-
ssew-Kn-I-_-\v-[-Øn-s≥-d- ]-cn-W-X- ê- ""Nm-cn-{X-h-Xn-I-fp-sS- ta¬- (hy-`n-Nm-cw-)- °p-hm≥- ]m-Sp-≈q.- A-s√-¶n¬- B-tc-m-]-
tam?- Ip-Spw-_Ø - I - ¿-®!- - A-ßs - \- kaql- B-tcm-]n-°p-Ib - pw- F-∂n-´v- \m-ep- km-£n- Ww- D-∂-bn-®-h¿- Ip-Spß-pw-.- A-h¿-°v-
Øn¬- ap-gp-h≥- A-cm-NI - X
- zw-!!- - A-Xp-sIm- I-sf- sIm-≠p-h-cm-Xn-cn-°-p-I-bpw- sN-øp- F¨-]X - v- A-Sn- ho-Xw- e-`n-°pw.- I-≈- km-
≠p-Xs - ∂- C-hbv° - p-≈- in-£I - ƒ- hyXy- ∂-h-sc- \n-ßƒ- F¨-]-Xv- A-Sn- A-Sn-°p- £-y-Øn-\p-≈- km-[y-X- C-hn-sS- Xo-sc-
kvX- a- m-bn-cn-°W - w.- hn-hm-ln-Xc - p-sS- hy`n- I.- A-hc - p-sS- km-£yw- \n-ßƒ- H-cn°epw- hn-c-f-am-Wv.- H-cp- ]m-Sp-t]¿- I-≠p-sh-∂v-
Nm-c-hp-am-bn- Xm-c-X-ayw- sN-øp-tºmƒ- A- kzo-I-cn-°p-I-bpw- sNø-cpXv.- A-h¿- X D-d-∏p-≠m-bm¬- am-{Xsa- H-cmƒ- C-Ø-cw-
s∂-bm-Wv- A-[¿-a-Im-cn-Iƒ''- (24:-4).- B-tcm-]-Ww- D-∂-bn-°m≥- ap-Xn-cp-I-bp-
hn-hm-ln-X-cp-tS-Xv- sN-dn-b- Ip-‰-am-Wv.- hn-
ln-X-am¿-K-ap-≠m-bn-´pw- A-hn-ln-X-am¿-K- ]-Xn-{h-X-I-sf-∏-‰n- B-tcm-]-W-ßƒ- ≈q.- A-X-p-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- \n-c-]-cm-[n- in-
ßƒ- tX-Sn-t∏m-Ip-∂-h-sc- sh-®p-sIm-≠n- ]-d-™p-≠-m-°-p-I- Nn-e-cp-sS- tlm_n-bm- £n-°s∏-Sp-hm≥- D≈- km-[y-X- Xo-sc-
cp-∂-p-Iq-Sm.- A-h¿- am-Xr-Im-]-c-am-bn- in- Wv.- - A-Øc - am-fp-Iƒ- k-aq-lØ - n¬- D-≠m- bn-s√-∂p-X-s∂- ]-d-bmw.-
£n-°-s∏-S-Ww.- A-Xp- ImWp-∂- H-cm-fpw- °p-∂- Ip-g-∏-ßƒ- Nn-√d-sbm-∂p-a-√.-
C-\n- A-Xn-\v- ap-Xn-cm-Ø- co-Xn-bn-ep-≈- F¨-]-X-Sn- In-´p-sa-∂v- h-∂m¬- B-cpw-
in-£.- A-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv- A-Ø-cw- B-fp- A-Ø-cw- Zp-cm-tcm]W-ßf - p-am-bn- \-S° - p-
I-sf- a-c-Ww-h-sc- I-s√-dn-bp-I- F-∂- \n- I-bn-√.- \m-ep- km-£n-If - n-√m-sX- hy-`n-Nm-
""X-s∂-b-√m-sX-- \n-ßƒ- B-cm-[n-
b-aw- Ckv-emw- \n-iv-N-bn-®n-cn-°p∂-Xv.- cm-tcm-]Ww- D-∂-bn-°p-hm≥- B-cpw- ap-
Xn-cp-I-bn-√.- B-tcm-]-W-ßƒ- ]p-I-™v- °-cp-sX-∂pw- am-Xm-]n-Xm-°ƒ-°v- \-∑-
A-hn-hm-ln-X¿-°m-Is - ´- A-hcp-sS- Ip- sN-øW - s- a-∂pw- \n-s≥-d- c-£n-Xm-hv- hn-
\m-emfp-sS- ap-ºn¬- \-S-°m≥- h-øm-sX-
‰-Øns≥-d- tXm-Xv- {]-Im-cw- ]-cky-am-bn- [n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.- A-h-cn¬-(am-Xm-]n-Xm-
bm-b- F-{X-sb-{X- t]¿- \-Ωp-sS- k-aq-l-
\q-dv- A-Sn- A-Sn-°p-hm≥- Ckv-emw- I¬]n- °-fn¬-)- H-cm-tfm- A-h-cn¬- c-≠p-t]-
Øn-ep-≠v.- \-Ωp-sS- ao-Un-b-Iƒ- k¿-°p-
®p.- A-h¿- k-aq-lØn¬- A-cm-P-I-Xzw- D- te-j≥- h¿-[n-∏n-°p-∂-Xv- C-Øcw- tKm- cpw- X-s∂-tbm- \n-s≥-d- A-Sp-°¬-sh-
≠m-°p-∂p-sh-¶n-epw- Ip-Spw-_-Øn-s≥-d- kn-∏p-Iƒ- D-]tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠m-W-t√m.- ®v- hm¿-[I - y- w- {]m-]n-°p-Ib
- m-sW-¶n¬-
X-I-¿-®-t°m- AXpaq-e-ap≈- km-aq-ln-I- C-Ø-cw- Zpjv-{]-h¿-Ø-\ß-sf√mw- C-kv- A-h-tcm-Sv- "sO'- F-∂v- ]-d-bp-I-tbm-
{]-i-v\-ßƒ-t°m- A-Xv- \n-an-Ø-am-Ip-∂n- eman-I- k-aq-l-Øn-\v- A-\y-am-bn-cn-°p-w.- A-h-tcm-Sv- I-b¿-°p-I-tbm- sN-ø-cp-Xv.-
√t√m.-- am\y-≥a - m-sc- A-Im-cW- a- m-bn- B-tcm-]W - - A-h-tcm-Sv- \o- am-\y-am-b- hm-°v- ]-dbp
hy-`n-Nm-cm-tcm-]-Ww- ß-fn¬- ap-°n-s°m-√p-∂- A-h-kv-Y- B- -I.- Im-cp-Wy-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn- F-fn-a-bp-sS-
Ip-‰h- m-fn-Iƒ- A-√m-Øh - ¿- H-cn-°e- pw- k-aq-lØn¬- \n-e\ - n¬-°p-Ib - n-√.- - B-sc- Nn-d-Iv- \o- A-h¿- C-cp-h¿-°pw- Xm-gv-
i-n-£n-°-s∏-´p-Iq-Sm- F-∂-Xm-Wv- C-kv-em- ¶n-ep-w- A-Xn-\v- -ap-Xn¿-∂m¬- Ah-sc- ]-c- Øn-s°m-Sp-°p-Ib - pw- sN-øp-I.- F-s≥d-
an-I- in-£m-\n-ba - ß
- f - p-sS- H-cp- A-Sn-kvYm- kyambn- F¨-]-Xv- A-Sn- A-Sn-°-W-sa c-£n-Xm-th,- sN-dp-∏-Øn¬- C-h¿- C-
\-X-Øzw.-- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- kw-ip-≤- ∂m-Wv- Jp¿-B\n-s≥d- A\p-im-k-\. cp-h-cpw- F-s∂- t]m-‰n- h-f¿-Øn-b-Xp-
am-bn- Po-hn-Xw- \-bn-°p-∂-h-sc- B-tcm]- hy-`n-Nm-c-Øn-\v- C-kv-emw- \n-iv-N-bn®- t]m-se- C-h-tcm-Sv- \o- I-cp-W- Im-Wn-
W-ß-fp-∂-bn-®v- A-]-Io¿-Øn-s∏-Sp-Øp- in-£I- ƒ-- I-Tn- \
- a
- m-Wv.- hn-hm-ln-Xs
- c-¶n¬- t°-W-ta- F-∂v- \o- ]-d-bp-I-bpw- sN
hm-≥- C-kve - mw- A-\p-hZ- n-°p-∂n-√.- A-Ø- I-s√-dn-™p-sI-m-√p-I!-- A-h-n-hm-ln-X-sc- øp-I-''- (Jp¿-B≥- 17:-23,-24).-
cw- B-tcm-]W - ß- f - p-∂b- n-°p-∂h - ¿- \mep- ¶n¬- ]-c-ky-am-bn- \q-d-Sn-!- C-Ø-cw- in-£-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 20
sIm-e-bv-°v- sIm-e-!-
A-Im-c-W-am-bn- sIm-√-s∏-Sp-∂-h-s≥-d- in-£n-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≈-h¿-°p- am-{Xw.- ]-W- A-_v-Zp¬- ap-kz-Δn¿-
{]-bm-k-ß-tfm- {]-kv-Xp-X- sIm-e- aq-ew- hpw- kzm-[o-\h - p-ap-≈h- ¿- F-{X- t]-sc- sIm
A-\m-Ya - m-Ip-∂- I-pS- pw-_Ø - n-s≥d {]-iv\- ∂m-epw- kp-J-am-bn- c-£-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-∂- Im-cm-b- iym-an-s≥-db- p-w- chnbp-sS-bpw- I-
ßtfm- k-aq-l-Øn-ep-≠m-hp-∂- hn-S-thm- h-kX -v p-Xb- m-Wt- √m- \mw- Zn-t\-\- Adn™p- Y- t\m-°p-I:- C-cp-]-Øn-\m-ev- h-b- v- {]m-
H-∂p-w- ]-cn-KW - n-°m-sX- sIm-eb - m-fn-bn¬- sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- b-ap-≈- chn-bpw- iym-apw- tam-t´m¿- ss_-
Im-cp-Wy-h¿-jw- \-S-Øp-I-bpw- A-h-s\- B-sc- sIm-∂m-epw- H-∂p-ap-≠m-Im≥- °n¬- \-K-cw- (_mw-•q-¿-)- Np‰p-∂p.- H-gn-
kw-kI v- c - n-°p-hm≥- km-[n-°p-sa-∂- an-Yym- t]m-Ip-∂n-s√-∂- kv-Yn-Xn-bp-sS- ]-cn-W-X- ™ C-cp-≠ sX-cp-hp-I-fn¬- H-‰-bv-°v- C-
t_m-[Ø - n-s≥-d- A-Sn-Ød - b- n¬- kn-≤m-¥- ^-es - a-¥m-W?v - sIm-e] - m-XI- °
- p-‰ß
- f- p- sS- cp-N-{I-hm-l-\w- Hm-Sn-®p-t]m-Ip∂- kv-{Xo-
ßƒ- sa-\-bp-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂h¿-°v- Ckv- A-`-q-X-]q¿-h-am-b- h-f¿-®-!- sIm-e-]m-X-I- I-sf-bm-Wv- A-h¿- e£-yw- sh-°p-∂-Xv.-
em-an-I- \n-b-a-ßƒ- A-{]m-tbm-Kn-I-hpw- °p-‰ß - ƒ- sN-øm≥- bp-hm-°ƒ- Iq-Sp-X¬- H-º-Xp- am-k-ßƒ-°p-≈n¬- C-cp-]-Øn-aq-
A-]-cn-jv-Ir-X-hp-am-bn- tXm-∂p-I- kzm`m Iq-Sp-X¬- X-bm-dmIp-∂- A-h-kv-Y-!- 1998¬- ∂v- t]-sc- C-ß-s\- sIm-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-
hn-I-am-Wv.- -F-∂m¬,-- A-\p-`-h-ßƒ- Im C-¥y-bn¬- \-S∂- ss]-im-Nn-I- sIm-e] - m- ≈- A-h¿-°v- ]-e-t∏m-gpw- A-ºXv- cq-]-
Wn-°p-∂X - v,- C-hc - p-sS- K-th-jW - ^-eØ - n- X-I-ß-fn¬- sXm-Æq-‰n-aq-∂v- i-X-am-\-hpw- sbm-s°-bm-bn-cn-°pw- e-`n-°p-I (Ibid).- A-
\v- F-Xn-cm-b-- h-kv-Xp-X-I-fm-sW-∂- k- Cu- cw-K-sØ- ]p-Xp-ap-J-ß-fm-b- bp-hm- º-Xp- cq]-°p-th-≠n- H-cp- Po-h≥- \jv-S-
Xyw- \mw- a-\- n-em-°-Ww.-- °ƒ- sN-bvX - X- m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv- IW- s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥- bm-sXm-cp- ssh-a-\ky-hp-
sIm-e° - p-‰Ø - n-\v- B-[p- \ - n-I- tIm-SXn- °pIƒ- I-m-Wn-°p-∂-Xv (coutesy: India an-√m-Ø- bp-hm-°ƒ-!-
Iƒ- hn-[n-°p-∂X - -v ]c-am-h[ - n- Po-h] - cy¥w- today 20.1.1999). ]-W-Øn-\pw- kp-J- ]-W-Øn¬- ap-ßn-°p-fn-®- k-Rv-Po-hv-
X-S-hm-Wv.- G-Xm-\pw- h¿-j-ßƒ- am-{Xw- ku-I-cy-ßƒ-°pw- th-≠n- B-sc-bpw- \-μn-bpsS- I-Y- a-s‰m-∂m-Wv-:- A-ta-cn-°-
\o-≠p-\n¬-°p-∂- P-bn¬-hm-ka - m-bn-´m-Wv- sIm-√m≥- a-Sn-bn-√m-Ø- H-cp- X-e-ap-d- h- bn-se- an-I-®- _n-kn-\-kv- kv-Iq-fn-sem-∂n
Po-h]- c - y-¥X - S- h
- -v a-md- m-dp-≈X - .v - C-Xp-Xs∂- f¿-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.- Ccp-]Ø - n-\m-ep- ¬- A-b-®v- am-Xm-]n-Xm-°ƒ- A-h-s\- ]Tn-
∏n-®p.- A-dp-]-Xv- e-£w- cq-]- hn-e- h-cp-∂-
B-sc- sIm-∂m-epw- H-∂p-ap-≠m-Im≥- t]m-Ip-∂n-s√-∂- kv-Yn-Xn-bpsS- _n.-Fw.U-ªn-bp Ggmw- ]-cº - c
- b
- n¬-s]´-
]-cn-W-X- ^-es - a-¥m-Wv?- sIm-e]
- m-XI
- °
- p-‰-ß-f-psS- A-`-q-X-]q¿-h- Im¿- C-¥y-bn¬- A-h[n-°m-ew- sN-eh - gn-
am-b- h-f¿-®-!- sIm-e-]m-X-I-°p-‰-ßƒ- sN-øm≥- bp-hm-°ƒ- IqSpX °p-tºmƒ- D-]t- bm-Kn-°m-\m-bn- A-h¿- A-
h-\p- am-{X-am-bn- \¬-In.- C-ß-s\- F-√m-
¬- Iq-Sp-X¬- X-bm-dmIp-∂- A-h-kv-Y-!- hn-[- kp-J-ku-I-cy-ß-fp-≠m-bn-´pw- B-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 21
Po-hn-Xw- X-I¿-°m≥- \-μn- F-t¥- hgnsbm Øn¬-\n-∂v- B-sc-¶n-epw- h-[n-°-s∏-´m¬- k-Xy-X- sh-fn-hm-°p-∂-Xm-Wt√m- ap-ºv-
c
- p-°n?- F-¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv- a-Zy-el - c- n-bn¬- ]-I-cw- sIm-∂-h-s\- sIm-√p-I-sb-∂- k- D-≤-cn-®- kw-`-h-ßƒ.-
X-s≥-d- _n.-Fw.-U-ªn-bp- C-Sn-®v- A-©p- {º-Zm-b-am-bn-cp-∂n-√ A-hn-sS- \n-e-\n-∂n- am-\-hn-IX --
t]-sc- sIm-∂- ti-jw- \n¿-Øm-sX- Hm-Sn- cp-∂-Xv.- {]-Xyp-X,- sIm-√-s∏-´- hyIv-Xn-°v-
sIm-e-°p-‰-Øn-\v- F-√m- k-μ¿-`-Øn-
®p-t]m-b-Xv?- ]-cn-t°-‰-h-sc- k-lm-bn-°m- F-{X- hn-e-a-Xn-®n-cp-∂p-thm- A-Xp- I-W-
epw- H-cp- t]m-se- h-[-in-£- \¬-I-W-sa-
\m-bn- H-cp- \n-an-jw- \n¿-Øp-It- ]m-epw- sN- °m-°n- A-Xn-\p- ]-Ic - a- m-bn- Lm-XI - s- ≥d-
∂v- Jp¿-B≥- \n¿-_-\v-[n-°p-∂n-√.- h-[-
øm-sX I-md - p-am-bn- X-s≥-d- kp-lr-Øns≥d- tKm-{X-Øn¬-\n-∂v- B-fp-I-sf- sIm-s∂m-
in-£-sb-°p-dn-®v- {]-Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂- Jp¿-
h-k-Xn-bn-se-Øn.- Im-dn-se- sX-fn-hp-Isf- Sp-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p- A-h-cp-sS- co-Xn.- Hcm
B≥- kq-Iv-Xw- Im-Wp-I:- ""hn-iz-kn-®-h-
√mw- F-¥n-\m-Wv- A-bmƒ- I-gp-In-°f - ™
- - ƒ-°v- ]-I-cw- ]-Øpw- \q-dpw- B-fp-I-sf-
tc,- h-[n-°s - ∏-´h - c- p-sS- Im-cy-Øn¬- Xpey-
Xv?- (C¥ym- Sp-tU-,- 27.-1.-99)-.- A-©p- \n-c- sIm-s∂m-Sp-°p-hm≥- A-h¿-°v- bm-sXmcp-
am-b- {]-Xn-{In-b- \n-ßƒ-°v- \n-b-aam-°-
]-c-m-[n-I-sf- sIm-∂v- Im-dp-am-bn- IS∂p a-Sn-bp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.- Xn-cn-®pw- C-Xp-X-
s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.- kz-X{- ¥-\v- kz-X{- ¥≥,- A-
t]m-Ip-hm≥- bm-sXm-cp- a-Sn-bp-an-√-m-Ø- s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p- A-h-kv-Y.- H-cp- D-∂-X≥-
Sn-a°- v- A-Sn- a,- kv{- Xo-°p- kv{- Xo.- F-∂m¬,-
Xe-ap-d-!- a-s‰m-cp- tKm-{X-Øn-se- \n- -m-c-s\- h-[n-
Lm-X-I-\v- X-s≥-d- k-tlm-Z-c-\n¬-\n-∂v-
kp-J-Øn-te-°p-≈- X-ß-fp-sS- {]-bm- ®m¬- sIm-∂-h-s\- sIm-√-p-I-sb-∂- \nb-
h-√- C-fh - pw- sN-bvX - p-In-ń-bm¬- a-cym-Z- {]-
W-Øn¬- Im-dn-s≥-d- N-{I-ß-ƒ-°n-S-bn¬- aw \-S-∏m-°m≥- A-h¿-°v- ssh-a-\-ky-am-
Im-cw- A-Xv- Aw-Ko-Ic - n-°s- ∏-Sp-Ib- pw- \√-
In-S∂- v- N-X™ - c
- ™
- h
- c
- p-sS- t\¿-°v- H∂v- bn-cp-∂p.- "H-cp- ]m-h-s∏-´-h-\p- ]-I-cw- D∂-
\n-e-bn¬- ]ng- sIm-Sp-Øp-hn-Sp-I-bpw- th-
Z-btbm-Sp-Iq-Sn- t\m-°p-hm≥- t]m-epw- X-t\m?'- F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p- A-hc - p-sS- tNm-Zyw.-
≠-Xm-Ip-∂p.- C-Xv- \n-ß-fp-sS- c-£n-Xm-
Xbm-dm-hm-Ø- bp-hm-°ƒ!- Cu- k-{º-Zm-bß - ƒ-°v- A-dp-Xn- h-cp-Ønb-
hn¬-\n-∂p-≈- e-Lq-I-c-W-hpw- A-\p-{K-
Jp¿-B≥- {]-Xn-{In-b- \-S-∏m-t°-≠-Xv- {]-
Ip-‰-hm-fn-I-sf- P-bn-en-e-S-®v- kw-kv-I- l-hp-a-s{X''- (2:-178).-
Xn-bp-sS- ta¬- am-{X-am-sW-∂p- hy-Iv-X-am-
cn-®p-- I-f-bm-sa-∂- {In-an-t\m-f-Pn-kv‰v- hmZ- Lm-X-I-s\- a-c-W-Øn¬-\n-∂p- c-£n-
°p-I-bm-Wv- D-≤-cn-°-s∏-´- kq-Iv-X-Øn¬-
Øn-s\-Xn-scbp-≈- Po-hn-°p-∂- sX-fn-hp- °-Wt- am- th-≠t- bm-sb-∂v- Xo-cp-am-\n-°p-
sN-øp-∂-Xv.-
I-fm-Wn-h-!- Iq-Sp-X¬- t]-sc- Ip-‰-hm-fn-I- ∂-Xv- sIm-√-s∏-´-h-s≥-d- A-Sp-Ø- _-\v[p-
fm-°p-hm≥- am-{Xsa- Ip-‰h - m-fn-It- fm-Sp-≈- a-\p-jy-Po-h-\v- D-∂-X-am-b- hn-e-bm-Wv-
°-fm-Wv.- A-h¿-°v- th-W-sa-¶n¬- {]-Xn-
Zm-£n-Wy-tØm-sS-bp-≈- s]-cp-am-‰w- \n- C-kv-emw- I¬-]n-°p-∂-Xv.- tKm{X- h-g-°n-
Im-ca - q-eyw- (Zn-bx)- hm-ßn- A-bm-f- sh-dpsX-
an-Øa - m-hp-Ib - p-≈q.- Ip-‰I - r-Xy-ßƒ- C-√m- s≥-d-tbm- hn-tcm-[-Øn-s≥-d-tbm- {]-Xn-Im-
hn-Smw.- A-bm-sf- sh-dp-sX- hn-Sm-\m-Wv- _-
Xm-°p-hm-\m-h-iy-am-b- km-l-N-cy-ßƒ- c-Øn-s≥-d-tbm- t]-cn¬- \-in-∏n-°-s∏-Sm-
\v[- p-°f - p-sS- Xo-cp-am-\s - a-¶n¬- A-Xn-\v- F-
kr-jv-Sn-°p-I-bpw- F-∂n-´v- Ip-‰w- sN-øm≥- \p-≈X - √- - H-cm-fp-sS- Po-h≥.- Jp-¿B - ≥- hy-
Xn-cv- \n¬-°phm≥ tIm-S-Xn-°v- A-h-Imi-
hm-k-\- {]-I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-h-sc- I-Tn-\-am-bn- Iv-X-am-°p-∂p-:- ""a-s‰m-cm-sf- sIm-∂-Xn-\v-
an-√.- \q-dv- H-´-I-am-Wv- sIm-e-°p-‰-Øn-\p-
in-£n-°p-Ibpw- sN-bv-Xm¬- am-{X-sa- k- ]-I-c-am-tbm- `q-an-bn¬- Ip-g-∏-ap-≠m-°n-b-
≈- {]-Xn-Im-c-aq-eyw.- A-Xp-hm-ßn- Lm-X-
am-[m-\-]q¿-W-am-b- km-aq-ln-I- Po-hn-Xw- Xn-s≥d- t]-cn-tem- A-√m-sX- h-√-h-\pw- H-
I-s\- sh-dp-sX- hn-´p- I-gn-™m¬- ]n-s∂-
km-[y-am-Iq- F-∂- h-kv-Xp-X- I-W-°n-se- cm-sf- sIm-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬,- A-Xv- a-\p-
A-bmƒ-s°-Xn-sc- bm-sXm-cp-hn-[- {]-XnIm-
Sp-Øp-sIm-≠m-Wv- sIm-e° - p-‰Ø
- n-\v- sIm- jy-sc- ap-gp-h≥- sIm-es - ∏-Sp-Øn-bX - n-\v- Xp-
c- \-S-]-Sn-bpw- ]m-Sn-√.-
e-sb-∂- in-£- J-p¿-B≥- \n¿-tZ-in-°p- ey-am-Ip-∂p.- H-cm-fp-sS- Po-h≥- h-√-h-\pw-
c-£n-®m¬- A-Xv- a-\p-jy-cp-sS- ap-gp-h≥- Np-cp-°-Øn¬,- sIm-√-s∏-´-h-s≥-d- _-
∂-Xv.-
Po-h≥- c£n-®X - n-\-v Xp-ey-am-Ip-∂p''- (5:32).- \v-[p-°ƒ-°v- k-Ω-X-sa-¶n¬- \-jv-S-]-cn
""k-Xy-hn-i-zm-kn-I-tf,- sIm-e- sN-ø- lm-cw- hm-ßn- Lm-X-I-s\- sh-dp-sX- hnSp-
s∏-Sp-∂-h-cp-sS- Im-cy-Øn¬- Xp-ey-in-£- F-∂m¬,- h-[i - n-£- i-cn-bs - √-∂- hmZw-
I-bpw- {]-kv-Xp-X- \-jv-S-]-cn-lm-c-ap]tbm
\-S-∏m-°-p-I-sb-∂-Xv- \n-ßƒ-°v- \n-b-a-am- A-Sn-kvY - m-\c-ln-Xa - m-Wv.- sIm-e° - p-‰Ø - n-
Kn-®v- A-\m-Ya - m-bn-Øo¿-∂h - s
- c- ]p-\c - [n-
°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.- kz-X-{¥-\p- ]-I-cw- kz- \v- {]-Xn-Im-cw- sN-øm≥- k-∂-≤-a-√m-Ø-
h-kn-∏n-°p-I-bpw- A-h-cp-sS- Po-h-k-\v-[m-
X-{¥-\pw- A-Sn-a-°p- ]-I-cw- A-Sn-a-bpw- kv- H-cp- k-aq-l-Øn¬- sIm-e-]m-X-I-ß-fp-sS-
c-W-Øn-\p-≈- am¿-K-ap-≠m-°p-I-bpw- sN
{Xo-°p- ]-I-cw- kv-{Xo-bpw- (sIm-√-s∏-tS- ]-c-º-c-I-fp-≠m-hpw.-B¿-°pw- `-b-c-ln-X-
ømw.- Lm-X-I-s\- F-¥p- sN-ø-W-sa-∂v-
≠-Xm-Wv-)''- (2:-178).- am-bn- Po-hn-°p-hm≥- km-[y-a-√m-Ø- Ah-
Xo-cp-am-\n-°p-hm-\p-≈- B-Xy-¥n-I-amb-
kvY - - kw-Pm-Xa - m-Ipw.- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-Xs - ∂-
tKm-{X- h-g-°p-Iƒ- Im-c-Ww- ]-c-k-v A-[n-Im-cw- sIm√-s∏-´-h-s≥-d- _-\v-[p-
Jp¿-B≥- ]-d-™p-:- ""_p-≤n-am-∑m-tc-,-
]-cw- c-IX -v w- Nn-¥n-s°m-≠n-cp-∂- A-td_y °ƒ-°p- \¬-In-b- Jp-¿-B≥,- AXn-s≥-d-
(sIm-e-bv-°p- sIm-e-sb-∂)- Xp-ey-in-£-
≥- k-aq-lØ - n¬- \n-eh - n-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂- A- in-£m-\n-ba - ß
- f - p-sS- t{]m-Pz-ea - m-b- am\-
\¬-Ip-∂X - n-em-Wv- \n-ßf - p-sS- Po-hn-XØ - n-
Xn-{Iq-c-am-b- {]-Xn-Im-c- \-S-]-Sn-I-f-p-sS- I- hn-I- ap-J-am-Wv- C-h-n-sSbpw- {]-I-Sn-∏n-
s≥-d- \n-e-\n¬-]v-''- (2:179).-
S-bv-°v- I-Øn-sh-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv- Cu- kq- °p∂-Xv.-
Iv-Xw- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´-Xv.- H-cp- tKm-{X- Cu- Jp¿-B\n-I- ]-cm-a¿-i-Øn-s≥-d-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 22
tbip ]Tn-∏n® I¿am-\p-jvTm-\-ßƒ
blq-Z, ss{IkvX-h, Ckvemw aXßƒ- Nn® aXw'- F∂ teJ-\Ø - n-eqsS tbip apl-Ω-Zen amÃ¿
`qap-JsØ {]_eam-b- aq∂v skan-‰nIv Dƒs∏-Sp-bp≈ ap≥ {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ {]h-
aX-ßf - mWv. G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ {]hm-NI Nn® aXsØ∏-‰n N¿®-sN-øp-I-bp-≠m- hnj-bw. C-\n- \a-kvIm-cw, kImØv,
-∑m¿- \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏´ kap-Zm-b-amWv C bn. bnc-aymhv 28:9 hN-\-Øns‚ ASn- t\mºv, l÷v F∂o I¿a- Imcy-ßfm
{km-tb-ey¿. Cu kap-Zm-bØ- n\p am{Xam ÿm-\Ø - n¬,- ]q¿h {]hm-NI - ∑
- m-sc√mw Wv N¿® sNtø-≠-Xv. Cu I¿a-]-c-am-b-
bn Ab-°s - ∏´ Ah-km\ {]hm-NI - \
- mbn- {]t_m-[\w sNbvXXv kam-[m\w AY Imcy-ßƒ ]q¿h-{]hm-NI-cp-ambn F{X-
cp∂p tbip. A-t±-lw- ]d-bp∂p: ""C{km hm Ckvemw BsW∂v \mw- a-\ - n-em°n.- tØmfw _‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v blq
tb¬ `h-\-Ønse \jvS-s∏´ BSp-I-fp CkvemwaX Imcy-ß-f-nse ]©kvXw`- Z,- ss{IkvXh thZ{KŸ-ßf - psS ]n≥_-
sS ASp-tØ°v am{X-amWv Rm≥ Ab- ß-fn¬ H∂m-as - Ø-˛A- S- n-ÿm-\˛- h- nizm e-tØmsS N¿® sNtø-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv''- (aØmbn 15:29). k-amb XuloZv AYhm GIssZhhnizm ka-kvIm-cw
Un-kw-_¿- e°-Øn¬ "tbip {]h- -kam-bn-cp∂p Ign™ teJ-\-Ønse Ckvemw Imcy-ß-fn¬ c≠m-a-tØ-
XmWv \a-kI v m-cw. ]q¿h{]hm-NI - ∑
- mcpsS-
C{km-tb-ey-cpsS \a-kvImcw Fßs\,- AXns‚ BIr-Xnbpw {] Im-ew- ap-X¬-°p-≈- Hcp {][m\ Bcm[-
Ir-Xnbpw GXv,- A-Xn-s≥-d- \nb-a-ßƒ Fs¥-√m-am-bncp∂pshs∂ \-bmWv \a-kvIm-cw;- AXns‚ cq]Øn
√mw- Ah-cpsS \ne-hn-ep≈ thZ-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬\n∂v Is≠-Øp-I epw `mh-Ønepw hyXym-ka - p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-
ZpjvI-c-am-Wv. tamim {]hm-N-I\v Ah-X-cn® tXmd Ft∂ \jvS sh-∂v- am-{Xw.- F√m {]hm-N-I-∑mcpw A
Xv \n¿h-ln-°p-Ibpw Xß-fpsS P\X
s∏-´p-t]m-bn. sb DZvt_m[n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 23
C_v-d-mlow (A-{_m-lw)\-_n(--) X ""Ahsc \mw \ΩpsS I¬]-\-{]-Im ssII-SØn hnIr-X-am-°n-b-Xn-\m¬ A
s‚ {]m¿Y-\b - n¬ \a-kvIm-cs - Ø-°p-dn®v cw am¿K-Z¿i\w \¬Ip-∂- t\-Xm-°-fm- h \jvSs - ∏´p-sh¶nepw \a-kvIm-csØ∏
]cm-a¿in-®-Xmbn hnip≤ Jp¿B≥- ]d- °p-Ibpw sNbvXp. \√ Imcy-ßƒ sNø- ‰n-bp≈ Nne kqN-\-Iƒ Ah-ti-jn-∏n-
bp-∂p≠v: W-sa-∂pw \a-kvImcw apd-t]mse \n¿h- ®n-´p-s≠-∂Xv Hcp hkvXp-Xb - m-Wv. AXn
""Fs‚ c£n-Xm-th, Fs∂ \o \a- ln-°-W-sa∂pw kI-mØv \¬I-Wsa se Nne Imcy-ßƒ Dƒs°m-≈p∂ D≤-
kvImcw apd-{]-Imcw \n¿h-ln-°p-∂h - \- m- ∂pw \mw Ah¿°v t_m[\w \¬IpI c-Wn-I-fmWv ta¬ kqNn-∏n-®-Xv.
t°-W-ta. Fs‚ k¥-Xn-I-fn¬ s]´-h- bpw sNbvXp.- \sΩbmbn-cp∂p Ah¿ C{km-tb-ey-cpsS \a-kvIm-cs - Ø-∏‰n
scbpw (A-{]-Imcw BtI-W-ta).- Rß- Bcm-[n-®n-cp-∂Xv''- (21:73). Aev]sa-¶nepw hy-IvXX \¬Ip∂ Hcp
fpsS c£n-Xmth,- Fs‚ {]m¿Y-\ \o C{km-tb-ey-cpsS \a-kvImcw Fß {KŸ- a mWv Jewish Encyclopaedia.
kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNtø-Wta''-(14:90). s\,- AXns‚ BIr-Xnbpw {]Ir-Xnbpw blq-Zc - psS Bcm-[\ - m-eb
- ß- ƒ DS-seSp
Ckvemanse BZysØ \n¿_‘ GXv,- A-Xn-s≥-d- \nb-a-ßƒ Fs¥-√m- Ø Ime-L-´-Øn¬ `‡cpw aXm-[n-jv
A\p-jvT-m\ I¿a-amWv \a-kvIm-cw. kp am-bn-cp∂pshs∂√mw- Ah-cpsS \ne-hn- TnX Pohn-Xw- \bn®h-cp-am-b- blq-Z¿
{]-[m-\-amb Cu I¿a-w apkvenwIƒ A ep≈ thZ-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬\n∂v Is≠-Øp- Xß-fpsS Nn”-ambn aq∂p t\csØ \a-
©v t\c-amWv \n¿h-ln-°p-∂-Xv. \a-kv I ZpjvI-c-am-Wv. tamim {]hm-N-I\v A kvImcw A\p-jvTn-®p-t]m-∂p. kqtcym-Z-
Im-c-Øn-\p-apºv AwKip-≤n hcp-Ø¬- h-Xc - n® tXmd Ft∂ \jvSs - ∏-´p-t]m-bn. bw, a[ymlv\ - w, kqcym-kvXa - bw CXmWv
\n¿-_‘ - a - m-Wv.- ssIIm-ep-If - pw- ap-Jhpw- \ne-hn¬ tXmd F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ ]© B aq∂p ka-bß - ƒ. ]ptcm-ln-X∑ - m- cpsS
I-gp-Ip-Ib - pw- X-eX - S- h- p-Ib
- pw- sN-bX v- mWv- ]pkvX-I-ß-fm-Is´ tami°v tijw Ime-L´w h∂-t∏mƒ H‰°pw kwL-Sn-
Aw-K-ip-≤n- h-cp-Øp-∂-Xv.- \a-kvIm-c- \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ Ign™v- _n.-kn 1000\pw X-hp-amb hyhÿ \ne-hn¬h-∂p. Ah-
Ønse ({]m¿Y-\-bn-se) `‡n-˛-hn-\b 450\pw C-Sbv°v A⁄m-X-cmb hnhn[ cpsS BNm-c-a-\p-k-cn®v Bcm-[\m ka-
{]I-S-\-Øns‚ Atß-b-‰sØ `mh-am {KŸ-Im-c-∑m¿ hyXykvX ÿeØv sh bØv kv{XoIƒ°v ]pcp-j∑ - m-cn¬ \n∂pw
Wv kmjvSmwK {]Wmaw AYhm kpPq
Z.-v Im¬-ap´v- \n-eØ - p- IpØn Iangv∂p ho tamibpw Al-tdm\pw Ahs‚ ]p{X-∑mcpw AXn¬ Iøpw
Wv ssI∏-Ønbpw s\‰n-Ø-Shpw `qan-bn Imepw Igp-In. Ah¿ kam-Ka
- \ IqSm-cØ - n¬ IS-°p-tºmgpw
¬ kv]¿in-®mWv kpPqZv sNøp-∂X - v. Ip
ºn-´X - n(-dp-Iq- A- v)\p tij-amWv kmjvSmw
bmK-]oTØn¬ sN√p-tºmgpw ssIIm-ep-Iƒ Igp-Ipw.
K{]-Wm-a-w sNøp-∂X.-v ]q¿h{]hmN-I- btlmh tami-tbmSp Iev]n-®Xv t]mse-
∑m¿ Cu I¿a-w \n¿h-ln-®n-cp-∂p-sh∂v (]pd∏mS.-v 40:30˛-32).-
kpNn-∏n-®p-h-t√m. ss__nƒ ]d-bs´!
""tamibpw Al-tdm\pw Ahs‚ ]p ®v cNn-°s - ∏-´X
- m-sW∂X-v ss__nƒ ] thdn´v {]tXyI kuIcyw sNø-Wa - mbn-
{X-∑mcpw AXn¬ Iøpw Imepw Igp-In. fin-X-∑m¿ t]mepw AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ cp-∂p. Xe a - d- b
- v°- p-Ibpw Ip\n-bp-Ibpw;-
Ah¿ kam-K-a\ IqSm-c-Øn¬ IS-°p- hkvXp-Xb - m-Wv. ss__nƒ Xs∂ AXn Nne {]tXyI \a-kvIm-cß - f- n¬ \nev°p-
tºmgpw bmK-]o-T-Øn¬ sN√p-tºmgpw se tXmd-sb-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ \ymb{]am- Ibpw sN-ø¬- \n¿_-‘-am-bn-cp-∂p. sb
ssIIm-ep-Iƒ Igp-Ipw. btlmh tami- WsØ hna¿in-°p-∂Xv ImWp-I. k-°n-tb¬ ]pkvXIw ]mcm-bWw sN
tbmSp Iev]n-®Xv t]mse''- (]pd∏mS.-v ""Rßƒ ⁄m\n-Iƒ, btlm-hb - psS øp∂ ka-bØv \a-kvIc - n-°p-∂h- ¿ aq∂v
40:30˛-32).- \ymb-{]-amWw Rß-fpsS ]°¬ D≠v NphSv ]n∂n-te°v am‰n Nhn-´-Ww. {]`m
""hcp-hn≥ \mw hWßn (Ip-ºn´v) \a- F∂p \nßƒ ]d-bp-∂s - X-ßs\? imkv X \a-kI v m-cØ - n¬ Hcp {]tXyI Xc-Øn-
kvIc - n-°. \sΩ \n¿a-n® \ΩpsS btlm- {Xo-b-am-cpsS Is≈-gpØp tIm¬ AXn ep≈ ]pX∏v [cn-°¬ \n¿_-‘-am-Wv.
h-bpsS apºn¬ ap´p-Ip-ØpI'' (k¶o¿ s\ hymPam°n-Øo¿Øn-cn-°p∂p'' (bnc- "Iz¬ IzXzo¿'- F∂p t]cmb Hcp Xcw
Ø-\w-.- 95:6). aymh.-v 8:8). "c£m-_-‘\w'- he-Xp-I-ønepw Xe-bn
epw sI´p-Ibpw thWw.
""At∏mƒ A{_mw kmjvSmwKw (kp- hnip≤ Jp¿B\pw Cu hkvXp-X
Pq-Zn¬) hoWp. ssZhw Ah-t\mSv Acp ]n∂oSv h∂ blq-Z-a-X-Ønse Dev]
sb km£o-Ic - n-°p-∂p-≠v. Jp¿B≥ ]d-
fn sNbvX-sX-s¥-∂-m¬''- (D¬]Øn.-- X-njvWp hn`mKw Bcm-[\ - m-I¿a-ßf - n¬
bp∂p:
17:3). kwKo-tXm-]I - c - W
- ß- ƒ°v AanX {]m[m
""thZ-°mtc(b-lqZ˛ ss{IkvXh - t- c), \yw \¬In. F√m \a-kvIm-c-ßƒ°pw
\a-kvImcw C{km-tb-ey-cn¬ \nß-sf-¥n-\mWv kXysØ Ak-Xyhp- {]tXyIw {]tXyIw CuW-ßfpw cmK-
]q¿h{]hm-N-I-∑m¿°-hX-cn® thZ ambn Iqń-°p-g-°p-I-bpw Adn-™p-sIm ßfpw \n¿W-bn-®p. Ime-{I-taW \akv
{KŸ-ßsf- ]cn-Nb - s- ∏-Sp-Øp∂ hnip≤ ≠v kXyw ad-®p-sh-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂Xv'' Imcw i\n-bm-gvNbpw Nne hnip≤Zn\
Jp¿B≥ C{km-tb-ey-cn¬ \a-kvImcw (3:17). ß-fn-ep-am°n Npcp-°n. am{X-hp-a√ - , {]`m
D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp- AXp-sIm≠v tami°v Ah-X-cn® X \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂
∂p-≠v. CkvlmJn-s\bpw bAvJq- _ns\ tXmd- b n¬ \a- k v I m- c sØ∏- ‰ n- b p≈ c£m-_-‘-\hpw t]mbn-a-d-™p. Xe
bpw kvacn-®-tijw Jp¿B≥ ]d-bp-∂p:- hnh-c-W-ßƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°mw. a\p-jy¿ Ip\n-°epw AS-°hpw HX-p-°hpw \n¿
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 24
Ø-hp-sa√mw A]q¿hw- Nne kμ¿`-ß- ics ¬ \a-kvImcw {InkvXym-\n-If - n¬ F {]m¿Y-\mcq]-hp-sa√mw X\-Xmb cq]
fn¬ am{X-ambn Npcp-ßn. X-ß-fpsS \a- ∂ A[-ym-b-Øn¬ {KŸ-I¿Ømhv {]m Øn¬Øs∂ \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂p. ]utem
kvIm-c-Øn¬ kwKo-tXm-]-I-c-W-ßfpw apJyw \¬Ip∂ A`n-{]mbw tbip b kns‚ BK-a-\-tØmsS ssZhn-Im-Z¿i-
Km\m-em-]\ - hpw Iqń-t®¿Ø-tXm-sS, \a- lq-Zn-It- fm-sSm∏w \a-kvIm-cØ- n¬ ]¶p- Øns‚ ÿm\Øv an{X, _m¬, XΩ-qkv
kvIm-c-Øns‚ Dt±iy e£y-ßƒ ]q¿ tN¿∂n-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. Bcm-[-\°v XpS-ßnb {]mIrX aX-ß-fnse BZ¿i
W-ambn A{]-Xy-£-am-bn. blqZ tZhm- Ah-cpsS ]≈n-If - n¬t]mepw tbip lm hpw {]m¿Y-\m cq-]h - p-sa√mw Xs∂ Xncp
e-bß - f- p-sSbpw Ah-cpsS Bcm-[\m k P-dm-bn-c-∂p. ap≥Km-an-I-fmb {InkvXob In°-b-‰n. AtXmsS \akvImc-Øns‚
{º-Zm-bß - f - p-sSbpw BP∑ i{Xp-°f - mb ]ptcm-ln-X∑ - m¿ AJn-eh-pw BNcn®ncp- ˛{]m¿Y\-bpsS˛ tImew a - m-dn. C-Xv- blq-
kwKoX hnZ-Kv-[≥-am¿- P∑w \¬Inb ∂Xpw AtX amXr-I-X-s∂-bm-bn-c-∂p. Zn-Iƒ ss{IkvXh N¿®-I-tfm-Sp≈ _
Km\-ßƒ- {]m¿Y-\-I-fn¬ Be-]n-°m≥ BZy-X-e-apd A\p-jvTn® cq]Øn¬ X ‘w hntO-Zn-°p-hm≥ Imc-W-am-bn.
Ah¿ \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-bn. Aßs\ Xe- s∂ {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS Bcm-[\m k ss{IkvXh- ¿,- {]tXy-In®v ItØm-en-
ap-d-I-fmbn ssIam-dn-t∏-m∂ Poh-c-‡ {º-Zmbw XpS¿∂pw- \ne \nev°p-Ibpw °¿ hninjvT- Bcm-[-\-bmbn IW-°m
hpw {]mWhmbp-hp-amb Bcm-[\m I¿a- sNbvXp. A-\-¥-cw, blq-Zn-I-fp-am-bp-≈- °p-∂Xv Ip¿_m-\-bm-Wv. A∏hpw ho
ßƒ, Ah-cpsS Xs∂ kΩ-X-tØm-sS, _‘w ss{IkvXh N¿®-p-I-f√ hntO- ™pw FSpØv AƒØmc-bn¬ sh®-Xn
h¿W-\m-Xo-Xa - mb c-q]-Øn¬, i{Xp-°ƒ Zn-®-Xv. adn-®v, blq-Zn-I-fmW.-v \p-tijw ]ptcm-ln-X≥ {]tXyI {]m¿Y-
hnI-ehpw hncq-]h - p-am°nØo¿Øp. Jew tbip-hns\°-pdn®v hnip≤ Jp¿B \-Iƒ \S-Øp-tºmƒ Ah bYm-{Iaw
ish Encyclopaedia bnse blq-Zc - psS \a- ≥ ]d-bp∂p: ""Rm≥ FhnsSbmbn-cp-∂m tbip{InkvXp-hns‚ c‡hpw amw-k-hp-
kvImcw F∂ A[-ym-bØ - nse D≤-cW - n- epw Fs∂ Ah≥ A\p-{K-lo-X-\m-°n- ambn amdp-sa∂v ss{IkvX-h¿ hniz-kn-
I-fn¬ \n∂p-ap≈ Nne kqN-\-I-fmWv bn-cn-°p-∂p. Rm≥ Pohn-®n-cn-°p∂ Ime- °p-Ibpw AXv Ah¿ `£n-°p-Ibpw Ip
ta¬ sImSp-Øn-´p-≈-Xv. a-{Xbpw \a-kvIc - n-°m\pw kI-mØv \ev Sn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p-. CXmWv Ip¿_m
Iq´-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS \a-kvIm-c-Øn
s‚ Nne {Ia-ßfpw kqNn-∏n-°s - ´. \akv \a-kvIm-c-Ønse ({]m¿Y-\-bn-se) `‡n-˛-hn-\b {]I-S-\
I-cn-°p-tºmƒ Im¬]m-Zß - ƒ tN¿Øpw -Øns‚ Atß-b-‰sØ `mh-amWv kmjvSmwKw AYhm kpPqZv
t\tcbpw sh°-Ww. \a-kvIc - n-°p-∂h - ¿
c≠v Ic-ßƒ ]cn-ip-≤-\mb hn[n-I¿
F∂v apºv kqNn∏n®p-h-t√m. tbip Xs≥-d- {]m¿Y-\m-thf-bn¬
Øm-hns‚ t\sc \oń Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn-°p- apkvenwI-fpsS \a-kvIm-c-Øn-se-∂-t]mse ap´p-IpØn
Ibpw Xs‚ ZrjvSn Xmtgm-´m-°p-Ibpw Iangv∂p hoWv- kpPqZv sNbvX-Xmbn ss__nƒ ]d-bp∂p
cmPm-[n-cm-P\ - p-ambn lrZb_‘w ÿm
]n-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ww. kvXpXnIo¿Ø\ Iphm\pw Ah≥ Ft∂mSv A\pim-kn \ F∂-dn-bp-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
-ß-fpsS CS-bn¬ \an-°p-Ibpw btlmh- °p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p''- (19:31). Cu Bcm-[\m-coXn ss{IkvX-h¿
bpsS \ma-t[-b-Øn¬ Db-cp-Ibpw sNø-
\ne-hn-ep≈ -kp-hn-ti-j-ßƒ Jp¿ an{X-a-X-Øn¬ \n∂pw ISw sIm≠-Xm-
Ww. kwL-SnX \a-kI v m-cØ
- n¬ G‰hpw
B≥ ]d-™-Xn-te°v hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂p- Wv. an{X-a-X-°m¿ "kqcytZh'-s\ (an-{X-
Npcp-ßn-bXv ]Øv t]sc-¶nepw ]s¶-Sp-
≠v. \a-kvIm-c-Ønse ({]m¿Y-\-bn-se) s\) {]m¿Y\m thf-bn¬ Acn-am-hp-sIm-
°-Ww. \a-kvImcw {]mbw sN∂ kv{Xo
`‡n-˛-hn-\b {]I-S-\-Øns‚ Atß-b- ≠p≈ A∏-Øn¬ Bhm-ln-®-tijw `
]pcp-j-∑m¿°v \n¿_-‘hpw I\yII
‰sØ `mh-amWv kmjvSmwKw AYhm £n-°p∂ k{º-Zmbw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. an
ƒ°v \njn-≤-hp-am-Wv. F≥sskt¢m]o
kpPqZv F∂v apºv kqNn∏n®p-ht- √m. tb {X aX-°m-cpsS Ip¿_m-\-bm-Wn-Xv.
Un-bm-bn¬ \-ak - vI
- m-cs- Ø-∏‰- n- b
- p-≈- hf- ip Xs≥-d- {]m¿Y-\m-th-fb - n¬ apkvenwI-
sc-b-[nIw hni-Zo-I-cW-ß-fp-≠v.- C{km-tb-ey-cpsS \a-kvImcw F¥-v
fpsS \a-kvIm-cØ - n-se-∂t- ]mse ap´p-Ip
\a-kvImcw ss{IkvX-h-cn¬ ImcWw sIm≠mtWm hnIeam°-s∏-
Øn Iangv∂p hoWv- kpPqZv sNbvX-Xm
´-Xv AtX ImcWw sIm≠v Xs∂-bmWv
tami, tbmip-h, Zmho-Zv, sbi-ø, bnc- bn ss__nƒ ]d-bp-∂p:-
ss{IkvXhcpsS \a-kvIm-c-Øn\pw £-
aymhv XpS-ßnb ]q¿h{]hm-N-I-∑m¿ ""\nßƒ ]co-£-bn¬ Dƒs]-Sm-Xn-cn- X-ta-‰-Xv. {]m¿Y-\-bn¬ kwKo-tXm-]-Ic-
sIm≠p-h∂ AtX ssZhn-I-am¿K-w X °m≥ {]m¿Y-n-°p-hn≥. Ah≥- A-h-cn¬ W-ßfpw Km\m-em-]-\hpw Ipń-t®¿Ø-
s∂bmWv tbiphpw sIm≠p-h-∂-Xv. A \n∂pw Hcp It√dp Zqcw amdn apń-t∑¬ tXm-sS, ss{IkvX-h-cpsS \a-kvIm-cØn
t±lw ]pXp-Xmb Hcm-Z¿iw ]Tn-∏n-°pI hoWp {]m¿Y-n®p''- (eq°v 22:40,41).- s‚ Dt±-iy-e£ - y-ßƒ ]q¿W-ambn Akv
tbm ]pXn-sbmcp aXw ÿm]n-°p-I-tbm- ""Ah≥ Aev]-Zqcw apt∂m´v sN∂v X-an-®p. ItØ-en°m N¿®-pI-fnepw s{]m
sN-bn-Xn-ń-√.- tbip ]d™p: ""Rm≥ Iangv∂p hoWp {]m¿Y-n®p''- (a-Ømbn ´-Ã‚ v N¿®-pI-fnepw Cu {]h-WX Im
\ymb {]am-W-sØsbm {]hm-N-I-∑msc 26:39).- tbip-]-d™p: ""\ns‚ ssZh-amb Wmw. N¿®-p-Iƒ kμ¿in®v t\m°q!- hm
tbm \ot°-≠-Xn\ph∂p F∂p \ncq-]n- I¿Øm-hns\ \a-kvI-cn®v Ahs\ am tZym-]-I-c-W-ß-fpsS AI-º-Sn-tbm-sS-b
°-cp-Xv. \o°p-hm-\√;- \nh¿Øn-∏m\ {Xsa Bcm-[n-°mhq''-(a-Ømbn 4:10). t√ Ah¿ {]m¿Y-\ \S-Øp-∂Xv? Cu
s{X Rm≥ h∂Xv''- (aØmbn.- 5:17).
tbip-hn\p tijw ]Xn-‰m-t≠mfw N¿®-p-Iƒ°v ]pdsa hgn-tbm-c-ß-fnepw
Encyclopaedia of Religion and Eth- At±lw sIm≠p-h∂ Bi-bm-Z¿ihpw Ih-e-I-fnepw Ipcn-ip-]p-c-I-fn-epw- [ym\
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 25
tI{μ-ßf - n-ep-w- a‰-pw {]m¿Y-\ \S-Øp-∂p. I-tf) \nß-fn¬ Ipd-®p-t]-scm-gnsI as‰- (a-Ømbn.- 6:1˛4).
s]¥-t°m-kvXv t]mep≈ k`m hn`m-K- √m-hcpw hnap-J-X-tbmsS ]n∑m-d-n-°-f-bp- t\mºv ({hXw)
ßƒ sXm≠ s]m´p-am-dv- D-®-Øn-e-mWv I-bmWv sNbvXXv''- (2:83).
Ckvemanse ]©kvXw`-ßf - n¬ \m
{]kw-K-ßfpw {]m¿Y-\-Ifpw \S-Øm-dv. Cukm-\_n (tb-ip) ]d-™-Xmbn em-at- Ø-XmWv t\mºv, Ad_n-amk-amb
Ahcpw kwKo-X-hn-cp∂pw hN-t\m-’- Jp¿B≥ ]d-bp∂p: (N-{μ-am-kw) da-Zm-\n¬ ap∏Xv Znhkw
hhpw ImgvNs - h-°p-∂p. {]m¿Y-nt- °≠Xv- ""Rm≥ Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂mepw F \n¿_-‘-ambn apkvenw-Iƒ {hX-a-\p-jv
Fß-s\-bm-sW∂v tbip ]Tn-∏n-®Xv s∂ Ah≥ A\p-{K-lo-X-\m-°n-bn-cn-°p- Tn®v hcp-∂p. {]`mXw apX¬ AkvXabw
ImWpI: ∂p. Rm≥ Pohn-®n-cn-°p∂ Ime-a{- Xbpw hsc-bp≈ ka-bØ - v- A√m-lp-hns‚ {]o
""\nßƒ {]m¿Y-n-°p-tºmƒ I]-S-\m- \a-kvI-cn-°p-hm\pw kImØv \¬Ip- Xnbpw {]Xn-^-ehpw Imw£n-®p-sIm≠v
Sy-°m-sc-t∏mse BI-cp-Xv. Ah¿ a‰p≈- hm\pw Ah≥ Ft∂mSv A\p-im-kn-°p- `£W ]m\o-b-ßfpw imco-cnI COI-
hsc ImWn-°m≥th≠n kn\-tKm-Kp-Ifn Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p''- (19:31). fpw shSn-™mWv apkvenwIƒ t\mºv
epw (]-≈n-I-fn¬ F∂¿Y-w) sXcp-hoYn F∂m¬ C∂v blqZ˛ ss{IkvXh¿ t\m¬-°p-∂X - v. ]q¿h- {]hm-NI
- ∑
- m¿°pw
Ifnepw tImWp-I-fnepw \n∂p {]m¿Y-n- °n-S-bn¬ kI-mØv k{º-Zmbw \nehn Ah-cpsS P-\X - °pw t\mºv \n¿_-‘-am-
°m-\mWv CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. kXy-ambn en-√. apºv kqNn-∏n-®-Xp-t]mse Ahcp °n-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Jp¿B≥ {]-kv-Xm-hn-
Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp∂p: Ah¿°v sS thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ a\p-jy-I-c-ßƒ °p-∂p-≠v. Jp¿B≥ ]d-bp∂p:
{]Xn-êw e`n-®p-I-gn-™p. F∂m¬ \o {]h¿Øn-®-Xn-\m¬ kIm-Øp-ambn _ ""kXy hnizm-kn-I-tf, \nß-fpsS
{]m¿Y-n-°-p-tºmƒ \ns‚ apdn-bn¬ IS- ‘-s∏´ `mK-ßƒ FSp-°s - ∏-ń-´p-≠mImw. apºp-≈-h-tcmSv Iev-]n-®n-cp-∂Xv t]mse-
∂v, IX-I-S-®v, cl-ky-ambn \ns‚ ]nXm- Ckveman¬ kIm-Øn-\p- ]p-dsa Zm\[¿ Øs∂ \nßƒ°pw t\mºv \n¿_-‘am
hn- t \mSv {]m¿Y- n - ° pI.- cl- k y- ß ƒ a-ß-fp-ap-≠v. a‰p-≈-hsc ImWn-°phm≥ bn Iev]n°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. \nßƒ tZm
Adnbp ∂ ]nXmhv \n\°v {]Xn-êw th≠n Zm\-[¿a-ßƒ sNø-cp-sX∂pw j-_m[sb kq£n-°p-hm≥ th≠n-b
\¬Ipw. {]m¿Y-n° - p-tºmƒ hnPm-Xo-bs - c-
t∏mse \nßƒ AXn`mjWw sNø-cp- Ckvemw Imcy-ß-fn¬ aq∂m-a-tØ-XmWv kIm-Øv. apl-ΩZv
Xv. AXn-`m-j-Ww hgn Xß-fpsS {]m¿Y-
\ tIƒ °p-sa∂v Ah¿ Icp-Xp-∂p.
) ]pXp-Xmbn sIm≠p-h∂ Hcp A\p-jvT-m\ I¿-a-a-√
\_n(
\nßƒ Ah- s c- t ∏mse BI- c p- X v . kImØv. ]q¿h{]hm-N-I-am¿- kIm-Øn\v A\p-i-m-kn-°p-Ibpw
\nßƒ tNmZn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºp-Xs∂ C{km-tb-ey-cn¬ AXv \n¿_-‘-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xmbn
\nß-fpsS Bhiyw \nß-fpsS ]nXmhv Jp¿B≥ hnh-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.-
Adn-bp-∂p''- (a-Øm-bn.- 6:5˛8).
C∂sØ ss{IkvXh - c
- psS {]m¿Y\ he-XpssI sImSp-°p-∂Xv CS-XpssI s{X AXv''- (2:183).
bpw tbip ]d™ {]m¿Y-\bpw H∂v Adn-b-cp-sX-∂p-a-mWv apl-ΩZv \_n()- t\mºv C{km-tb-ey-cn¬
Xmc-Xayw sNbvXv t\m°q! hn-Pm-Xo-bcn ]Tn-∏n-®-Xv. CtX Bibw Xs∂-bmWv
¬-\n-∂pw- I-Sw-sIm-≠- {]m¿-Y-\m-co-Xn-b- tamim {]hm-N-I≥ ko-\m-a-ebn¬
Zm\-[¿a-ßsf kw_-‘n®v tbiphpw X
t√- A-h¿- kzo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv?- sh®v A\p-jvT-n® \m¬]Xv Znh-ksØ
s‚ A\p-Nc - ∑
- m-scbpw ]Tn-∏n-®X - v. tbip
t\mºns\ A\p-kva-cn-®p-sIm≠v C{km-
kImØv ]d-™p:-
tb-ey¿ A{Xbpw Znhkw {hX-a-\p-jvT-n-
Ckvemw Imcy-ß-fn¬ aq∂m-a-tØ- ""a‰p-≈-hsc ImWn-°m≥ th≠n °p-∂Xv ]pWy-ambn Icp-Xn-h-cp-∂p.
XmWv kIm-Øv. apl-ΩZv \_n(-) ]p Ah-cpsS apºn¬ sh®v \nß-fpsS k¬ ss__nƒ ]d-bp∂p:
Xp-Xmbn sIm≠p-h∂ Hcp A\p-jvT-m\ I¿a-ßƒ A\p-jvT-n-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ kq
""tami \mev]Xv ]Iepw \mev]Xv
I¿-a-a-√ kIm-Øv. ]q¿h{]hm-N-I-am¿- £n-®p-sIm-≈p-hn≥. As√-¶n¬ \nß-fp
cmhpw I¿Øm-hn-t\mSv IqsS AhnsS
kIm-Øn\v A\p-im-kn-°p-Ibpw C{km- sS kz¿K-ÿ-\mb ]nXm-hn-¶¬ \nßƒ
sNe- h - g n- ® p. Ah≥ `£n- ° p- I tbm
tb-ey-cn¬ AXv \n¿_-‘-am-°p-Ibpw °v {]Xn-ê - a - n-√. a-‰p-≈h
- c
- n¬-\n-∂pw- {]-
]m\w sNøp-Itbm sNbvXn-√''- (]pd∏mSv
sNbvXX - mbn Jp¿B≥ hnh-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. iw-k- e-`n-°m≥- I-]-S-\m-Sy-°m¿- kn-\-
Jp¿-B≥]d-b-∂p:- tKm-Kp-I-fn-epw- (]-≈n-I-fnepw) sXcp-ho- 34:28).
"- "A√mlpshb-√msX \nßƒ Bcm- Yn-I-fnepw sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse, \o `n£ C{km-tb-ey-cpsS {hXw blqZ Ie-
[n-°-cp-Xv;- amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ°pw _‘p- sImSp-°p-tºmƒ \ns‚- ap-ºn¬ Imlfw ≠¿ {]Imcw (N-{μ-am-kw) "Geq¬'- am
°ƒ°pw A\m-Y-Iƒ°pw AK-XnIƒ apg-°c - p-Xv. kXy-ambn Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp kw H∂mw XobXn apX¬ "Xnjvdn'- am
°pw \∑ sNø-Ww;- P\-ß-tfmSv \√- ]d-bp-∂p. Ah¿°v {]Xn-êw e`n-®p- kw ]Ømw XobXn hsc-bm-Wv. Ah¿
hm°v ]d-b-Ww; {]m¿Y\ apd-{]-Imcw I-gn-™p. \o [¿ΩZm\w sNøp-tºmƒ Xß-fpsS {hXw {]`mXw apX¬ Bcw`n-
\n¿h-ln-°p-Ibpw kImØv \¬IpI AXp cl-ky-am-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xn\p \ns‚ °p-Ibpw AkvXa-b- k‘y-bpsS BZy
bpw sNøWw Fs∂-√mw \mw C{kmCu- he-XpssI sNøp-∂Xv CS-XpssI Adn- \£{Xw DZn-°p-∂-tXmsS Ah-km-\n-∏n-
ey--tcmSv Icmdv hmßnb kμ¿`w (Hm¿ bm-Xn-cn-°s - ´. cl-ky-ßƒ Adn-bp∂ \n °p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Pqbnjv F≥ssk
°p-I). (F-∂m¬ C{km-Cu-¬ k¥-Xn- s‚ ]nXmhv \n\°v {]Xn-êw \¬Ipw''- t¢m-]n-Unb CXv hy-‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v. b
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 26
tlm-h-bpsS {]oXn Imw£n®v Blmc h-cnse hyXykvX k`mhn`m-Kß - ƒ°nS- IAv_me-b-Øns‚ \n¿a-mWw ]q¿
]m\o-b-ßƒ Dt]-£n-®n-´mWv Ah¿ bn¬ t\mºns‚ \nb-a-ßsf kw_‘n Øn-bm-bt- ∏mƒ, P\-ßƒ°v A√m-lp-hn
t\mºv t\m¬°p-∂-Xv. ®v hyXy-kvXß- f- mb A`n-{]m-bß- fm-Wp- s\ Bcm-[n-°m-\mbn Hcp `h\w \n¿an
t\mºv ss{IkvX-h-cn¬ ≈-Xv.- Nne k`m hn`mKßƒ- amwk-`£ ®n-´p-s≠-∂pw, Ah¿ AhnsS h∂p l
Ww shSn™p sIm≠v (a‰v `£-W-]- ÷vI¿aw \n¿h-ln-t°-≠X - p-s≠∂pw {]
tami-bpsS AtX ]mX ]n¥-pS¿∂p
Zm¿Y-ßƒ Ign-°mw) t\mº-\p--jvTn-°p- Jym-]n-°p-hm≥ A√mlp C_v-d-mlow-
sIm≠mWv tbip {]t_m-[\ cwK-tØ
∂p. Nne¿ a’yhpw ]£n-amw-khpw \_n(-)-tbmSv Iev]n-®p.
°v h∂-Xv. ss__nƒ ]d-bp∂p:
Dt]-£n-°p-∂p. a‰p Nne hn`mKw ap´bpw l÷nse {][m\ I¿aß-fn¬ H∂m
""tbiphns\ Bflmhv acp-`q-an-bn-te ]g-h¿K-ßfpw XyPn-°p-∂p. thsd Nne¿- Wv arK-_e - n. CXv CkvamCu-¬ \_nbp
°v \S-Øn. \mev]Xv ]Iepw \mev]Xv DW° sdmń am{Xw Ign-°p-∂p.- F√m -ambn _‘-s∏-´vIn-S-°p-∂p. C_v-d-mlow-
cmhpw D]-h-kn® tijw Ah\p hni `£-W-]m-\o-b-ßfpw shSn™v t\mº- \_n() hm¿[-I-y-am-bn´pw a°-fn√m
∂p''- (a-Ømbn 4:2). {]`mXw apX¬ Akv \p-jvT-n-°p∂ Npcp°w Nne hn`m-K-ßfp sX h∂-t∏mƒ A√m-lp-hn-t\mSp \nc¥-
X-abw hsc A∂]m\o-b-ßƒ Dt]-£n ap≠v. c-ambn {]m¿Y-n®- X
- ns‚ ê-ambn At±l-
®v tbip Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ ap≥ {]hm-N-I-
l÷v Øns‚ c≠m-asØ `mcy-bmb lmPd
∑m¿ A\p-jvTn- ® {hXw(D-]h - m-kw) apkv
Ckvemw Imcy-ß-fn¬ A©m-a-tØ- (lm-Km¿-) bn¬ \n∂v- A√mlp kΩm-\-
enwI-ƒ XpS¿∂p \n¿h-ln-®p-h-cp-∂p.
XmWv l÷v.- kmº-ØnI tijn-bp-≈ ambn \¬Inb ]p{X-\mWv CkvamCu¬.
tbip-hns‚ {]t_m-[\ ImeØv Ip™v hf¿∂p _me-\m-bt- ∏mƒ, AXm!
h¿°v CXv \n¿_-‘-am-Wv. l÷ns‚
I]-S∑ - m-cmb blq-Z¿ Xßƒ t\mºp-Im- Ahs\ AdpØv _en Ign-°-W-sa∂v
ASn-Ød F√m ap≥-kap-Zm-b-°m-cn-ep-ap-
cm-sW∂v a‰p-≈h - sc- [-cn-∏n-°p-hm≥- th ≠v. Ah-sc√mw A√m-lp-hns‚ hy‡- C{_mlow \_n°v- kz]v\Ø - n-eqsS ssZ
≠n £oWhpw Xf¿®bpw \Sn-°p-am-bn- amb ZrjvSm-¥Ø - ns‚ ASn-ÿm-\Ø - n¬ hn-I I¬]-\ -h-cp∂p! A-√m-lp- C_v-
cp-∂p.- A-Øc°msc Xm°oXv sNbvXp-
sIm≠v tbip ]d-™p:
""\nßƒ D]-hk - n-°p-tºmƒ I]-S\ - m-
A∂]m\o-b-ßƒ Dt]-£n-®p-sIm-≠mWv tbiphpw Xs‚
Sy-°m-sc-t∏mse hnjmZw `mhn-°-cp-Xv. A\pN-c-∑mcpw t\mº-\n-jvT-n-®n-cp-∂-sX∂v ta¬ kqNn∏n® h-N-
Xßƒ D]-h-kn-°p-∂p-sh∂p A\ysc \ßfn¬ \n∂pw hy‡-am-Ip∂p. tbiphn\p-tijw ]utem-
ImWn-°m≥ th≠n Ah¿ apJw hnIrX- kns‚ BKa\-tØmsS D]-hm-k-Øns‚ cq]w Xs∂ amdn.
am-°p-∂p. kXy-ambn Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv Imew amdp-∂-Xn\-\p-k-cn®v AXns‚ tImehpw amdn.
]d-bp-∂p. Ah¿°v {]Xn-êw e`n®p
Ign-™p. F∂m¬ \o D]-h-kn-°p-tºm
ƒ AZr-iy-\mb ]nXm-h-√msX a‰mcpw Xß-fpsS _en-Ifpw I¿a-m-\p-jvT-m-\ß dmlow- \_n()sb- ]-co-£n-°p-I-bm
ImWm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\v-, inc- -n¬ ssX fpw \SØn A\p-{K-lo-X-cm-Im≥ {ian®- bn-cp-∂p.- At±-l-Øn\p bmsXmcp hn-[-
ew ]pc-´p-Ibpw apJw Igp-Ip-Ibpw sN h-cm-Wv. A√m-lp-hn-s\-am{Xw Bcm-[n- aSntbm ssha-\k - ytam tXm∂n-bn-√. Cu
øp-I. cl-ky-ßƒ Adn-bp∂ ]nXmhv \n °p-hm≥ `qap-JØv BZy-ambn \n¿a-n-°- hnhcw Xs‚ s]mt∂m-a\ ]p{Xs\ Adn-
ßƒ°v {]Xn-êw \evIpw''- (aØmbn s∏´ Ahs‚ `h-\-amb IAv_bp-ambn bn-®-t∏m-gm-I-s´, Ah≥ H´pw Ass[-
6:16-˛18). _‘-s∏´v InS-°p-∂p CXv. knwl-`mKw cytam Zp-x-J-tam- Imń-bn-√. ]nXm-hn-s\m-
hcp∂ am\-hc - m-in-bpsS Bflob t\Xm Ø] - p{X ≥! Aßs\ aIs\ Adp-°p-
A∂]m\o-b-ßƒ Dt]-£n-®p-sIm-
hpw ]nXm-hp-amb C_v-d-mlow (A-{_- hm-\p≈ F√m Hcp-°-ßfpw ]q¿Øn-bm-
≠mWv tbiphpw Xs‚ A\p-N-c-∑mcpw
lmw) \_n(-)bpw At±-lØ - ns‚ ISn- bn. B ka-bØv A√m-lp-hns‚ hnfn-
t\mº-\n-jvT-n-®n-cp-∂-sX∂v ta¬ kqNn
™q¬ ]p{X-\mb CkvamCu¬ (Civam tIƒ°p-∂p. Jp¿B≥ ]d-b-s´:-
∏n® h-N-\-ß-fn¬\n∂pw hy‡-am-Ip
tb¬) \_n()-bp-amWv Cu ]pWy-tK ""tl! C_v-d-m-low, Xo¿®-bmbpw \o
∂p. tbiphn\p-tijw ]utem-kns‚
lw ]p\¿ \n¿amWw \SØn ]Sp-Øpb kz]v\w km£m-XvI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Xo¿
BK-a-\-tØmsS D]-hm-k-Øns‚ cq]w
¿Øn-b-Xv. ]Wn-Xp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ ®-bmbpw A{]-Im-ca - mWv \mw kZ-vhrØ
Xs∂ amdn. Imew amdp-∂-Xn\-\p-k-cn®v
Ah¿ Cßs\ {]m¿Y-n®Xmbn Jp¿B ¿°v {]Xn-êw \¬Ip-∂-Xv. Xo¿®bm
AXns‚ tImehpw amdn. hnPm-Xob aX-
\n¬ ImWmw: bpw CXv kv]jvS-amb ]co-£Ww X
Øns‚,- {]tXy-In®v an{XaX-Øns‚
{hXm-\p-jvT-m\{Iaw ss{IkvX-h¿ ssI ""C_vd-m-loapw CkvamCu-epw IqSn s∂-bm-Wv. Ah\p ]Icw _enb¿∏n-
sIm≠p.- Nne `£W ]m\o-b-ßƒ am B `h-\Ø - ns‚ (I-A_ v bp-sS) ASn-Ød °m-\mbn al-Ømb Hcp _en-ar-KsØ
{Xw shSn-™p-sIm-≠mWv an{X-a-X-°m¿ sIń Db¿Øn-s°-m-≠n-cp∂ kμ¿`hpw \mw \evIpIbpw sNbvXp''- (37:104-˛107).
D]-hk - n-®n-cp-∂X- .v Cu {Iaw ss{IkvXh¿ (A-\p-kva-cn-°p-I). (A-h¿ C{]-Imcw Cu al-Ømb Xym-K-Øns‚ kvac
]n≥]‰n-b-Xn-\m¬ GsX√mw `£W {]m¿Y-n®- n-cp-∂p) Rß-fpsS c£n-Xm-th, W \ne-\n¿Øp-hm-\pw, kXyhnizm-knI-
]m\o-bß - f - mWv Dt]-£n-t°-≠X - v F∂- Rß-fn¬ \n∂v \o CXv kzoI-cn-t°W fn¬ XymK-ioew hf¿Øp-hm\pw th≠n-
Xn-s\-∏-‰n hyXykvX A`n-{]mb-ßƒ ta.- Xo¿®-bmbpw \o F√mw tIƒ°p∂- bs{X _-en-s]cp-∂mƒ Znhkw lmPnam
Ah¿°n-Sb - n¬ D≠m-bn. C∂v ss{IkvX- h\pw Adn-bp-∂-h-\p-am-Ip∂p''- (2:127). ¿ ao\m-bn¬sh-®pw, A√m-Øh - ¿ \mń¬
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 27
sh®pw _en-I¿a-w \S-Øp-hm≥ \n›bn- \-h-¿-l-\-√-. AXp-sIm≠v kzX-{¥-bm- °m-cyw A¿Y-i-¶bv-°n-S-bn-√msX ss_
°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv. b-h-fpsS aI-\mb CkvlmJn-\mWv B _nƒ Xs∂ ka¿Yn-°p-∂p.
_en°v sIm≠p-t]mI-s∏-´- aI≥ Zy-Pm-Xs-\∂- A-h-Im-i-ap-≈-sX∂v anj- hwiob Pzcw ]nSn-s]-´ blqZ thZ-
CkvamCu-e√ - , CkvlmJv BsW-∂s{X W-dn-am¿ hmZn-°p-∂p. AX-hc- psS shdpw ⁄-∑m¿ thZ-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ Ir{Xn-aw Im-
thZ°m-cmb blq-Z-c-sSbpw ss{IkvX- hmZw am{X-am-Wv. ImcWw ss__nƒ ń- Ci-vamtb-ens\ Xmd-Sn®p ImWn-°p-
h-cp-sSbpw hmZw. Ah-cpsS thZ-{KŸw ]d-bs´! hm\pw aSn-®n-√. A-h¿- Fgp-Xn-∏-n-Sn-∏n®
]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ Ckvam-Cu-en-s\-Øs - ∂- ""Ahs‚ (A-{_-lm-an-s‚) `mcy km hymPw ImWpI.- I¿Øm-hns‚ ZqX≥
-bmWv _en-°mbn sIm≠p-t]m-b-sX∂v dmbn Zmkn-bmb CuPn-]vXp-Imcn lmKm- lmKm-dn-t\mSv ]d-™p:-
A¿Yi-¶bv°nS-bn-√msX a\- n-em-Ipw. dns\ Xs‚ `¿Øm-hn\p `mcybmbn sIm ""Rm≥ \ns‚ k¥-Xnsb G‰hpw
ss__nƒ ]d-bp-∂p:- SpØp''- (D¬]Øn:16:3). Zmkn-bmb lm h¿[-n∏- n°pw.- AX-v FÆn-°q- S- m-Øh- Æw
Km-dns\ A{_lmw hnhmlw Ign-®t- Xm s]cp-∏a - p-≈X
- m-bn-cn°pw. \o K¿`n-Wn-bm-
""\o kvt\ln-°p∂ \ns‚ GI-aI - ≥
sS Ah¿ kzX-{¥-bm-bn. AXt√ icn?- W-t√m. \o Hcp aIs\ {]k-hn°pw. b
CkvlmJn-s\bpw Iqń-s°-m≠v tamdn
AXp-sIm≠v Ckvamtbepw kzX-{¥-bp tlmh \ns‚ k¶Sw tIƒ°-sIm≠v A
bmtZ-it- Ø°v t]mIp-I. AhnsS Rm≥
sS ]p{X-\m-Wv. hmZ-Øn-\p-th≠n Zmkn- h\v Civamtb¬ F∂pw t]¿ hnfn-°-
ImWn-®p-Xc - p∂ aeapI-fn¬ \o Ahs\
bpsS ]p{X-\m-sW∂p Icp-Xp-I. ssZh- Ww. Ah≥ Im´p-Ig - pXsbt∏m-se-bp≈
F\n°v Hcp Zl-\-_-en-bmbn A¿∏n-° Øn-\pt≠m Zmknbpw Zmk\pw bP-a-m\
Ww''- (D¬]Øn.- 22:2).- a\p-jy-\m-bn-cn°pw''- (D¬∏Øn.- 16:10-12).
\pw bP-am-\-Ønb-pw!- ssZh-Øn\p apºn
Cu hN-\-Ønse "GI-a-I≥'- F∂ Im´p-I-gpX F∂ sX‰mb hnh¿Ø-
¬ A{_-lm-apw, Ckvamtb-epw, Ckvlm
{]tbmKw {i≤n-°pI! _en-bp-ambn _ \-sam-gn®v _m°n-Im-cy-ßƒ icn-bm-Wv.
Jpw kmdmbpw lmKmdpw k¿h- a\p-jy
‘-s∏´ kμ¿`-Øn¬ A{_-lm-an\v- Ad-_n-Iƒ CkvamCu-¬ \_n-bpsS k
cpw Zmk-∑mcpw Zmkn-I-fp-am-Wv.
Htc Hcp aI≥ am{Xw \ne-hn¬ D≠mbn
c
- p-∂p-sh-∂t√ "GI-aI - ≥'- F∂ {]tbm-
Kw-sIm≠v a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv?- F¶n¬ hwio-bX Xe-bn¬ Ib-dnb blqZ d∫namcpw ]fin-X-∑mcpw
GIaI-≥- CkvamCu-tem,- AtXm Ckv 22:2 hN-\-Ønse Ckvamtb-ens‚ ÿm\Øv CkvlmJns\
lmtJm? ss__nƒ ]d-bs´: Xncp-In-°-b‰n F∂-XmWv hkvXpX. ss__n-fn¬ a\p-jy¿
""lm-K-m¿ Ckvamtb-ens\ {]k-hn-®- ssIISØn F∂p-≈-Xn-\p≈ aIp-tSm-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wn-Xv.-
t∏mƒ A{_lm-an\p F¨]-Øn-bmdv
hb- m-bn-cp∂p''-(D¬]Øn 16:16). ""A
{_ml-Øn\p \qdv hb- p-≈-t∏m-gmWv ASp-ØXv BZy-Pm-Xs‚ Ah-Imiw;- ¥m\ ]c-º-c-bm-Wv. B ]c-º-c-bn¬ \n
CkvlmJv P\n-®-Xv''- (D¬]Øn 21:5). ss__nƒ ]d-b-s´:- ∂p-amWv apl-ΩZv \_n(-) `qPm-X\ - mb-
ta¬ kqNn-∏n® hN-\ß - f - n¬ \n∂pw ""Hcmƒ°v c≠v `mcy-am-cp-≠m-bn-cn-°p- Xv. apl-ΩZv \_n-tb-bpw-IqSn Xcw Xmgv
a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv, Ckvamtb-en\p ]Xn- Ibpw Ah≥ Hcp-hsf kvt\ln-°p-I Øn ImWn-°p-Ib - mWv CXv aqew Ahcp
\mev hb- p-≈-t∏m-gmWv CkvlmJv bpw a‰-hsf tZzjn-°p-Ibpw Ccp-hc - nepw sS Dt±-iw. Cu hkvXpX a\- n-em-°p
P\n-°p-∂X - v. AYhm Ckvamtb¬ Ckv Ah\p k¥m-\ß - f
- p-≠m-hp-Ibpw BZy- hm≥ ss__n-fns‚ hyXykvX `mjbnep
lmJn- s \- ° mƒ ]Xn- \ mev hb- n\v Pm-X≥ tZzjn-°p-∂h - f- n¬ \n∂p-≈h - \
- m- ≈ hnh¿Ø-\-ßƒ ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬
aqØ-h-\m-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v GI-a-I≥ bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ Ah≥ Xs‚ am{Xw aXn-bm-I-p-∂-Xm-Wv. hyXykvX
F∂ {]tbm-Kw- Ckvamtb-en-\-√msX hkvXp-h-I-Iƒ ]p{X-∑m¿°v `mKn-®p- Cw•ojv ss__n-fp-I-fpsS hnh¿Ø\w
CkvlmJn\p tbmPn-°p-∂n-√∂v hy‡- sIm-Sp-°p-tºmƒ Xm≥ shdp-°p-∂-h-fp ImWp-I. a wild man (K.J.V. Bible), he
a-t√?- ]ns∂, F¥mWv kw`-hn-®Xv? hw sS aI\pw BZy-Pm-X-\p-am-b-hs\ am‰n will be a wild man ( K.J.V. Red letter
io-bX Xe-bn¬ Ib-dnb blqZ d∫nam \n¿Øn-bn´v ]Icw Xm≥ kvt\ln-°p∂- edition), a wild donkey (Good News
cpw ]fin-X-∑mcpw 22:2 hN-\-Ønse h-fpsS aIs\ BZy-Pm-X-\m-bn-I-W-°m- Bible), a wild donkey of a man (N.I.V.
°-cp-Xv. Ah≥ Xs‚ kIe kº-ØpI- Bible), a wild ass of a man (R.S.V.19
Ckvamtb-ens‚ ÿm\Øv CkvlmJn
fp-sSbpw ct≠mlcn shdp-°p-∂-h-fpsS 52), as a wild ass (The Catholic Living
s\ Xncp-In-°b - ‰n F∂-XmWv hkvXpX.
aI\p sImSpØv Ahs\ BZy-Pm-X\m Bible), a zebra of a man (New World
ss__n-fn¬ a\p-jy¿ ssII-SØn F
bn AwKo-I-cn-°-Ww. Ah-\mWv Xs‚ Translation). ae-bmf ss__nfpIfn¬-
∂p-≈X - n-\p≈ aIp-tSm-Zm-lc - W- a- m-Wn-Xv.
]pcp-jX - z-Øns‚ BZy-êw.- BZyPmX s]mXpsh "Im´p-Ig - p-Xsb t]mse-bp≈
_en-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥ sIm≠p-t]mb s‚ Ah-Imiw Ah-\p-≈X - m-Wv''-(Bh¿ Hcp a\p-jy≥'- F∂pw Xan-gn¬ "ZpjvS
Xv CkvlmJn-s\-bm-sW∂v ÿm]n-°p- Ø\w.- 21:15-˛17).- a\p-jy≥'- F∂p-am-Wp-≈-Xv-. F∂m¬
hm≥ th≠n sIm≠p-hc - p∂ as‰mcp hmZw AXp-sIm≠v A{_-lm-ans‚ BZy- ln-{_p- tXm-db
- n- e
- m-Is - ´- "s^-sdAv- - AZw'-
ImWp-I. Ckvamtb¬ Zmkn-bpsS ]p{X- Pm-X≥ C-ivamtb-emW.-v aq-Ø- ]p{X≥ F-∂m-W-f-≈-Xv.- "i‡\mb a\p-jy≥'-
\m-I-bm¬ BZy-Pm-Xs‚ Ah-Imiw (aq- Civamtb-em-Wv. _en-°mbn sIm≠p- F∂m-Wv- A-Xn-s≥-d- A-¿-Yw-.- AXmWv
Ø-]p-{Xs‚ ÿm\w) e`n-°p-hm≥ Ah- t]mbXv Civamtb-en-s\Ø--s∂-bm-Wv.- C- icn-bpw. ln-{_p- `mj-bn¬ \n∂m-Ws√m
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 28
ss__nƒ (]-g-b-\n-b-aw) a‰p `mj-I-fn- tX-m A-√.- A√m-lp-hns‚ I¬]\ {]Im- ]p{X-\m-Ib - m¬ C°mcyw A{_-lm-an\p
te°v hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXn-´p-≈X - v. AXv c-amWv AXv sNbvX-Xv. Ah-cn¬ \n∂pw- Gsd A\n-jvS-am-bn. F∂m¬ ssZhw
sIm≠v 16:12 s‚ icn-bmb hnh¿Ø\w \_n \S∂p ad-™-t∏mƒ At±lw A{_-lm-an-t\mSv Acpƒ sNbvXp:- ASna
C{]-Im-c-am-Wv. Ah¿°p-th≠n A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv {]m¿ s∏-Æn-s\bpw Ipń-sbbpw {]Xn \o A
""\o K¿`n-Wn-bm-W-t√m, \o Hcp aI Y-n-®p. \njvSw hnNm-cn-t°-≠. kmd ]d-™-Xp-
s\ {]k-hn-°pw. btlmh \ns‚ k¶Sw lmP-d-bpsS ssIh-i-ap≈ sh≈w t]mse {]h¿Øn°p-I. CkvlmJn-eqsS
tIƒ°- s Im≠v Ah\v Civ a mtb¬ Xo¿∂-pt- ]m-bn, amXm-hn\pw ss]X-en\pw bmbn-cn°pw \ns‚ k¥Xn ]d-ºc Adn
F∂p t]¿ hnfn-°Ww.- Ah≥ Hcp i Zmlw h¿[-n-®p. Ip™v Ic-bm≥ XpS b-s∏-Sp-I. ASnas∏-Æns‚ ]p{X-s\bpw
‡-\mb a\p-jy-\m-bn-cn-°pw''-. ßn. a- m-Xmhv Ip™ns\ AhnsS InSØn- Rm≥ Hcp P\-X-bm°-pw.- Abmfpw \n
]p-d-s∏-Sp-∂p. Zqc-tØ°v FØn-t\m-°p- s‚ k¥-Xn-bm-Wt- √m. A{_lmw AXn-
D¬]Øn ]pkvXIw 16-˛mw A[-ymbw
∂-Xn-\p-th≠n Hcp `mKØv kz^mIp∂n cm-hnse Fgp-t∂‰v A∏hpw Hcp Xpcp
H∂p- ap-X¬ ]Xn-\mdvhsc-bp≈ hN-\ß
¬ HmSn°-b-dp-∂p. Bscbpw ImWm-\n- Øn sh≈hpw lmK-dns\ Gev]n-®p.
ƒ Hcm-h¿Øn hmbn-°p-I. 12-˛mw hmIy
√. DSs\ adp-`m-KØv a¿hm-Ip∂n-ta¬ Ipńsb tXmfn¬sh®v Ahsf ]d-™-
Øn¬ i‡\mb a\p-jy≥ F∂-√msX
Ib-dn-t\m-°p-∂p. Bcp-an-√. Ggp-h´w b®p. Ah¿ AhnSw hn´p t_¿ti_
Im´pIgpX-sb-t∏-m-se-bp≈ a-\p-jy≥-
c≠v Ip∂p-I-fn-ep-ambn Aßp-anßpw acp-`q-an-bn¬ Ae™p \S-∂p.
F∂ hnh¿Ø\w Hcn-°epw tbmP-n-°p-
∂n-√∂p hy-‡-am-Ipw.- Ckvam-Cu-¬ Ah¿ HmSn-\-S-∂p. Bscbpw I≠p-In-ń- Xpcp-Ønse shffw Xo¿∂-t∏mƒ
\_n-tbmSpw apl-ΩZv \_n-tbmSpw Acn bn-√. Ipń InS-°p-∂X - ns‚ ASp-Øv\n∂v Ahƒ Ipńsb Hcp Ip‰n-°m-ń¬ Dt]-
iw Xo¿Ø-Xvt]m-se-bt√ ss__nƒ hn Hcp i_vZw tI´p. DSs\ aS-ßn-h-∂p. £n®p.- Ahƒ AhnsS \n∂p Ipd-®-I-
h¿Ø-I-cpsS sNbvXn-Iƒ?- a\p-jy¿ AXm! Hcp \ocp-d-hv, Ipń-bpsS Acn-In- se, AXm-bXv GI-tZiw Hcp hn¬∏mSp-
ss__n-fn¬ ssII-SØn F∂p-≈X - n\v-
CXn¬ Iq-Sp-X¬ F¥-v sXfn-hmWv th l-÷p-ambn- _‘-s∏´ as‰mcp I¿a-amWv kz^m,- a¿hm
≠-Xv?-
Ip∂pIƒ°nS-bn¬ Ggv {]mh-iy-ap≈ \S-Øw. CkvamCu¬
l-÷p-ambn- _‘-s∏´ as‰mcp I¿a-
amWv kz^m,- a¿hm I-p∂p-Iƒ°nS-bn¬ \_nbpw At±-l-Øns‚ amXm-hmb (lmPd ) lm-Km-d-p-ambn
Ggv {]mh-iy-ap≈ \S-Øw. CkvamCu¬ _‘-s∏´ Ncn{X-am-Wn-Xv. hnip≤ Jp¿B\pw ss__n-fp-w-
\_nbpw At±-l-Øns‚ amXm-hmb tbmPn-°p∂ Hcp taJ-e-bm-Wo kw`-hw.
(lmPd ) lm-Km-d-p-ambn _‘-s∏´ Ncn
{X-am-Wn-Xv. hnip≤ Jp¿B\pw ss__n-
fp-w- tbm-Pn-°p∂ Hcp taJ-e-bm-Wo kw embn \nev°p∂ Pn_vcoen-s≥-d-(K-{_n- Zqsc amdn ]pdw-Xn-cn-™n-cp-∂p. F\n°v
`-hw. ss__nƒ hnh¿Ø-I¿- Chn-sS tb¬) Imen-\-Sn-bn¬ IqSn sh≈w Hgp- Ip™ns‚ acWw ItW≠ F∂p ]d-
bpw ssII-S-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. A-Xv- tijw Ins°-m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. \nebv°p-∂n-√. ™p. Ahƒ Zqsc-amdn ]n≥Xn-cn-™n-cp
hnh-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. CkvamCu-¬() ape lmP-d°v B›-cyhpw kt¥m-j-hp-am- ∂-t∏mƒ Ipń Dds° Ic-™p. ssZhw
IpSn- ° p∂ Ime- Ø v , lmP- d n- s \bpw bn. HmSn-h∂p.- kw! kw! (\n¬°s´! \n Ipń-bpsS \ne-hn-fn-tI-´p. ssZh-Øns‚
inip-hns\bpwIqSn C_v-d-mlow() ¬°s´!) F∂p ]d-™p-sIm≠v- B \o amemJ BIm-iØv lmK-dn-t\mSp hnfn
a°-bn¬ h∂p. A∂v AhnsS P\-hmk- cp-dh sIń-\n-dp-Øp-I-bm-bn. CXns‚ ®p ]d™p: lKmtd, \o F¥n\p hnj-
an-√m-bn-cp-∂p. sh≈tam ê-hr-£m-Xn- kvacW \ne \n¿Øp-∂-Xn-\mbn l-÷v- an°p-∂p. `b-s∏-tS-≠. Ipń Ccn-°p∂
Itfm H∂p-an-√. \mev Np‰pw ]md-°p-∂p thf-bn¬ lmPn-am¿ Ggv {]mhiyw kz CS-Øn¬ \n∂v Ahs‚ \ne-hnfn ssZ
Ifpw aW¬°-m-Sp-Ifpw am{Xw. (C∂v ^-m a¿hbv°nSbn¬ HmSn-\-S-°p-∂p. hw tIń-cn-°p-∂p. Fgp-t∂¬°p-I. Ipń
IAv_ ÿnXn sNøp-∂Xv Cu ÿe- Cu kw`hw ss__nƒ hnh-cn-°p∂ sb FSpØv \ns‚ Ic-he - b
- Ø
- n¬ Dd∏n
Øm-Wv).- Ah¿°mbn At±lw Hcp tXm Xv ImWpI: ""inip hf¿∂p. CkvlmJn ®p \ndp-Øp-I. Rm≥ Ahs\ Hcp henb
¬ k-©n-bn¬ CuØ-∏-ghpw HXp tXm s‚ ape-Ip-Sn-am-dnb Znhkw A{_lmw P\-X-bm-°pw. A\-¥cw ssZhw Ahfp
¬ ]m{X-Øn¬ sh≈hpw lmP-d-sb- G- Hcp hncp∂p \¬In. CuPn]vXvImcn-bm sS IÆv Xpd-∂p. Ahƒ Hcp \ocp-dh
ev]n®p . At±lw Xncn®v \S-∂p. At∏m b lmKm-dn¬ A{_-lm-an\p P\n® ]p I≠p. Ahƒ sN∂p Xpcp-Øn¬ sh≈w
ƒ At±-l-Øns‚ `mcy tNmZn-®p;- Rß {X≥ Xs‚ ]p{X-\mb Ckvlm°n-t\m- \nd®v ]p{X\p IpSn-°m≥ sImSpØp''-
sf Cu Xmgv-h-c-bn¬ X\-n-®p-- hn-t´-®p sSm-∂n®v (Xs‚ aI-\mb CkvlmJn- (D¬-]Øn.- 21:8˛19).
t]mIp-I-bmtWm? adp-]-Sn-bp-≠m-bn-√. t\m-sSm-∂n®v F∂v ln{_p-aq-eØ- n-en-√) ta¬ kqNn-∏n® 8 apX¬19 hsc-bp
lmPd ho≠pw- hn-fn®p tNmZn®p: A√m Ifn-°p-∂Xv kmd I≠p. kmd A{_- ≈ hmIy-ßƒ c≠v Ime-L´- ß - f- n-embn
lphns‚ Iev]\ - {- ]-Im-ca
- m-tWm C{]-Im lm-an-t\mSv ]d™p: Cu ASnas∏-Æn- \S∂ c≠v kw`-hß - f- m-Wv. 8,9 hN-\ß
cw sNøp-∂Xv? At±lw adp-]Sn ]d s\bpw ]p{X-s\bpw ASn®v ]pd-Øm-°p- ƒ CkvlmJp-a-mbn _‘-s∏´ kw`-h-
™p: AsX.- lmPd kam-[m-\n-®p. C_v- I. Cu ASn-a-s∏-Æns‚ ]p{X≥, Fs‚ hpw tijn® hmIy-ßƒ CkvlmJv P\n-
d-mlow \_n B sNdp-Ip-Spw-_sØ ]p ]p{X≥ CkvlmJn-t\m-sSm∏w Ah-Imin- °p-∂X - n\pw ]{¥≠v h¿jw apºv \S∂
dw X≈n-bX - √; Dt]-£n®-tX-m shdpØ bmbn Xo¿∂p-Iq-Sm. Civamtbepw Xs‚ Civamtbepw At±-lØ - ns‚ amXm-hmb
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 29
lmKm-dp-ambn _‘-s∏´ Ncn-{X-hp-am-Wv. l÷p-ambn _‘-s∏´ c≠v I¿a-ß sNøm\pw Xocp-am-\n-®p''-.
kzm¿Y-a-Xn-I-fmb ss__nƒ Fgp-Øp- ƒ am{X-amWv \mw- N¿®-sN-bvX-Xv. l F.-Un. ]{¥≠mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ A
Im¿ Cu c≠v kw`-h-ßfpw Iqń-°p-g®v ÷p-ambn _‘-ap≈ ]e-Im-cy-ßfpw ¥ywhsc ^-e-kvXo-\nse ]pWy-ÿ-e-
Ah-cp-tS-Xmb ssI{In-bI
- ƒ- \SØn H‰ tamim {]hm-N-I∂v- Ah-X-cn® tXmd-bn ßƒ {]tXy-In®v bcp-itew tZhm-e-bw-
kw`-h-am°n am‰n. AXn-\m¬ A_-≤ ¬ D≠m-bn-cn-°mw. AXv Ft∂m- \jvS- ˛-ss_-Øp-¬ apIz-±k - v˛- B
- b
- n-cp∂p ss{I-
ßfpw sshcp-[-y-ßfpw \ng-en-®p. s∏-´p-t]m-bn. F∂n´pw ]n¬-Im-eØv F kv-X-h-cp-sS- {]Ya Xo¿Y-m-S\ tI{μw. ]
blq-Z-cpsS BNm-c-a-\p-k-cn®v c≠v gp-Xs
- ∏´ ss__nƒ ]pkvXI - ß
- f - n¬ l Xn-aq∂mw \q‰m-≠m-b-tXmsS ^-ekvXo-
hb- n\p tij-amWv Ip™p-ß-fpsS ÷n-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Nne kqN-\I - ƒ ssZ \nse ]pWy ÿe-ß-sf-°mƒ {]m[m
ape-IpSn am‰p-∂-Xv. B ka-bØv Ckv hw Ah-ti-jn-∏n®p F∂-XmWv hkvXpX. \yw tdman-se-°p≈ Xo¿Y--bm-{X-bm-°n.
lmJn\p c≠v hb pw Civamtb-en\p ss{IkvX-hcpw l÷pw am¿]m-∏b - psS A[n-Im-ct- I-{μ-sa∂ Imc-
]Xn-\mdv (14+2) hb- p-am-Wv. CkvlmJv W-Øm¬ tdmw Hcp kμ¿i\ ÿe-am-
ss__n-fnse ]g-b\- n-ba- s
- Ø-°mƒ
P\n-®-t∏mƒ Civamtb-en\p ]Xn-\mev bn-Øo¿∂p. IqSmsX ]t{Xm-kn-s‚bpw
]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn-\mWv ss{IkvX-h¿-
hb- m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v apºv kqNn-∏n-®p. C ]utem-kn-s‚bpw ih-Ip-So-c-ßƒ Ahn-
AanX {]m[m\yw \¬I-∂X - v. ]pXnb\n
Xns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ D¬]Øn 21: sS-bm-Wv. AtXmsS tdma-m \Kcw I
b-a-Øn¬ l÷n-s\-°p-dnt®m a‰v Xo¿
8˛19 hN-\-ßƒ Cßs\ kw{K-ln-°mw. tØm-en°mk`-bpsS kt¶-X-ambn Db
Ym-S-\-sØ-°p-dnt®m kqN-\-I-sfm-∂p-an-
c≠v hb- p-Im-c-\mb CkvlmJn √. F∂m¬ Encyclopaedia of Rdigious ¿∂p. AhnsS c‡-km-£n-I-fp-sSbpw
t\m-sSm-∂n®v 16 hb- p-Im-c\- mb Civam and Ethics F∂ {KŸw {In-kvXp--aX - Ø
- n ]pWy-hm-f-∑m-cp-sSbpw ]pWy-h-Xn-I-fp-
tb¬ Ifn-®t- ∏mƒ lmKm-dn-s\bpw 16 Im se l÷-n-s\°p-dn®v hnh-cWw \¬Ip- sSbpw ih-°-√-d-Ifpw Ipgn-am-S-ßfpw
c-s\bpw ]pd-Øm-°n-. A{_lmw ]Xn- ∂p-≠v. ImWp-I:- {]Xn-a-I-fpw sIm≠p \nd-™p. Xo¿∞m-
\mdvImc-\mb Civamtb-ens\ lm-Km-dn
s‚ tXmfØv sh®v sImSp-Øp. H∏w sh ani-n-lm-bpsS BZysØ H∂pw c≠pw Xe-ap-d-Iƒ Ahn-SpsØ
≈-hpw. ]Xn-\mdvImc-s\bpw Npa∂v lm ùXn-I-P-U-tØmSv _‘-s∏´ hkvXp-°-sfbpw ÿe-ß-sfbpw
Km¿ acp-`q-an-bn¬ Ae-™p-\-S-∂p. sh
At\z-jn®p I≠p-]n-Sn®v ]pWyhpw A\p-{K-lhpw kºm-Zn-°¬-
≈w Xo¿∂-t∏mƒ amXmhv Xs‚ 16 Imc-
\mb inip-hns\ Ip‰n-°m-ń¬ Dt]-£n
Hcm-h-iy-ambn I≠n-cp-∂n-√. C°mcyØn¬ Ahsc At]-
®p-. 16Imc≥ hmhn´v \ne-hn-fn-®t- ∏mƒ Ip £n®v aq∂mw \q‰m-≠n\p tij-ap≈ ]n≥Xe-ap-d-°m-cmWv
ńsb FSpØv Ic-h-e-b-Øn¬ Dd-∏n-°p- ap≥]-¥n-bn-se-Øn-b-Xv. -
hm≥ lmKm-dn-t\mSv amemJ Iev]n-®p-. ""hnip≤ tI{μ-ßsf e£yw-sh®p SIcpw kμ¿i-Icpw \nc-¥-c-ambn {]h-
\ocpd-h-I≠-t∏mƒ- 16-Im-c-\mb Ipń°v a\p-jy¿ \S-Øp∂ Xo¿Y-bm-{X-bmWv ln-°m≥ XpS-ßn. CXv tdmanse am{Xw
sh≈w IpSn-°m≥ sImSp-Ø-p. l÷v, \ΩpsS bP-am-\-\mb anin-lm- Ah-ÿ-b-√. temI-Øns‚ \m\m-`m-K-
Fs¥mcp ssh-cp-[y-am-Wn-Xv!- hmkvX- bpsS sFlnI Pohn-Xt- ØmSp _‘-s∏ ß-fnepw ÿnXn CsXm-s°-Ø-s∂-bm-
h-Øn¬ c≠v kw`-hß - f- mWv 8˛19 hN\ ´ ê-kvXo-\nse ]pWy-ÿ-e-ßfpw hn Wv. Ahn-sS-sb√mw Bscbpw A¤p-X-
ß
- f- n¬ tIm¿Øn-bn-W° - n-´p-≈X
- v. A{_ ip≤ aX-t\-Xm-°-fpsS tdman-ep≈ B s∏-Sp-Øp∂ cq]-Øn¬ Ah-bpsS FÆw
lm-w lmKm-dn-s\bpw Civamtb-en-s\ ÿm-\-ßfpw c‡-km-£n-I-fp-sSbpw h¿[-n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu {]h-W-X ss{I
bpw ]d-™-b-°p-tºmƒ C-ivamtb-en\v ssZh-km-ao]yw Ic-ÿ-am-°nb k\ym- kvXhsc in¿°n-(_-lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\)-
ape-IpSn {]mb-tam, AXv Ign-™p≈ kn-I-fp-sSbpw a‰pw A¥y-hn-{ia IpSo-c- te°v sIms≠-Øn-®p.
{]mb-tam- B-Wv. CXv CkvlmJv P\n- ßfpw AXn-\p-Zm-l-c-W-ß-fm-Wv. l÷v F∂m¬ Xulo-Zns‚ (G-I-
°p∂-Xn\pw Hcp ]Xn-‰m≠v apºv \S∂ ani-n-lm-bpsS BZysØ H∂pw c ssZ-hm-cm-[\- )- hnfw-_cw F∂mWv Ckv
kw`-h-am-Wv. CkvlmJns‚ ape-IpSn am ≠pw Xe-ap-d-Iƒ Ahn-SpsØ ùXn-I- emw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. _-lp-ssZ-h- h-n-izm-
‰p-∂-Xm-Is´ Civamtb¬ P\n®v ]{¥ P-Ut- ØmSv _‘-s∏´ hkvXp-°s - fbpw k-˛ B-cm-[-\-I-fn¬-\n-∂pw- a-\p-jy-\n¿-
≠v h¿jw Ign-™p≈ kw`-hhpw.- Cu ÿe-ß-sfbpw At\z-jn®p I≠p-]n-Sn an-X- B-Nm-cß- f - n¬-\n-∂pw- (in¿°n¬ \n
c≠v Ncn-{X-ßfpw XΩn¬ ]{¥≠v h¿ ®v ]pWyhpw A\p-{K-lhpw kºm-Zn-° ∂pw _nZvAØn-¬ \n∂pw)- ]q¿W-ambn
jsØ hnS-hp-≠v. 21:8-19 hN-\-ßƒ Hcm- ¬- Hcm-h-iy-ambn I≠n-cp-∂n-√. C°mcy hnap-‡-amb Hcp Bcm-[\m I¿a--amWv
h¿Øn hmbn®v t\m°q. AXv hy‡-am- -Øn¬ Ahsc At]-£n®v aq∂mw \q‰m- l÷v.
Ipw. apºv kqNn-∏n-®-Xp-t]mse Xß-fp ≠n\p tij-ap≈ ]n≥Xe-ap-d-°m-cmWv C-kv-em-an-se- ]-©-k-vXw-`-ß-sf-°p-
sS kzm¿Y- Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ kwc-£n-°p ap≥]-¥n-bn-se-Øn-b-Xv. Ah¿ anin-lm- dn-®m-Wv- I-gn-™- e-°-Øn-epw- Cu- e°-
∂-Xn\p ss__nƒ Fgp-Øp-Im¿ c≠v bpsS BZ¿i kn≤m-¥ß - ƒ Pohn-XØn Øn-ep-am-bn- \mw- N¿-®- sN-bv-X-X-v.- A-Sp-
kw`-h-ßƒ Iqń-°-g®v H‰ kw`-h-am°n ¬ ]I¿Øp-∂X - n\p ]Icw ùXn-I PU- Ø-Xv- hn-izm-k- Im-cy-ß-fm-Wv.- A-X- v- Xp-
Ncn-{XsØ hnIr-X-am-°n F-∂-Xm-Wv- ß-tfmSp _‘-s∏´ Ah-in-jvS-ßƒ S¿-∂v- N¿-®- sN-ømw.- C≥-im- A-√m-lv.-
kXyw.- tXSn-∏n-Sn-°m\pw Atßm-´v- Xo¿Y-m-S\w
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 30
k-`m-t\-Xr-Xz-Øn- ¬- \n-∂-v
C-ke
v- m-an-te-°-- v-
]Øv h¿j-tØmfw ss{IkvXh - a

- n-j\
- dnbn¬ {]h¿Øn°pIbpw 1995 apX¬ apgpkab
ItØm-en° Icn-kvam-‰-nIv anj-\dn {]h¿Ø-\-hp-ambn tIc-f-Øn-\-IØpw ]pdØpw
k©-cn-°p-Ibpw Bbn-c-°-W-°n\p kphn-ti-j-tbm-K-ß-fnepw Icn-kvam-‰nIv [ym\ß-
fnepw N¿®pIfnepw kphn-tij {]kw-K-ßƒ \S-Øp-I-bpw- sN-bv-X- Fgp-Øp-Im-c\pw
kphn-ti-j-I-\p-am-bn-cp∂p- dh-d‚ v Xnsam-sY-bqkv adn-b≥.- C-kv-emw-a-Xm-t«-j-W
Øn\p tijw ^ntdmkvapJvZm¿ Alv-a-Zv- F-∂- t]-cv- kzo-I-cn-®- At±-l-hp-ambn
"kvt\l-kw-hmZw'- {]Xn-\n[n Aen.sI acpX \S-Ønb A`-n-apJw.
Xm¶-fpsS IpSpw-_ -]›m-Ø-ew?- anj-\-dn-am-cpsS kvt\lm-\p-`-q-Xn-bn¬ Ibpw AXn\mbn Fs‚ CS-h-I-bpsS

IÆq¿ Pn√-bnse Hcp ]ucm-WnI BIr-jvSc - m-Ip-Ibpw AΩ-bS°w Rß klm-b-tØmsS apcn-ßq¿ t]m´ [ym\-
\mb¿ IpSpw-_-Ønembn-cp∂p P\-\w. ƒ aq∂p a°ƒ {InkvXp-aXw kzoI-cn°p tI-{μØnseØpIbpw sNbvXp.
\mep-a° - f- n¬ aq∂p t]cpw s]ä-°fm- -Ibpw sNbvXp. [mcmfw ssZh-ß-fp-≠m- apcn-ßq¿ [ym\-tI-{μ-Øns‚ klm-
bn-cp-∂p. GI B¨ k¥Xn F∂ \ne bn-cp∂ Rßƒ°v AXn-\p-tijw Bcm- b-tØmsS Fs‚ {]tZ-iØv Xs∂ Hcp
bv°v hońse {][m-\-s∏´ hy‡n-bm-bn- [n-°m≥ tbip-sh∂ GI-ssZhw am{X- apgp-ka- b kphn-tijthe \S-Øp-hm≥
cp∂p Rm≥. ]nXm-hns‚ BI-kvanI ac- am-bn-am-dn. ]n∂oSv Rm≥ ]q¿W-ambn Xocp-am-\n-®p. kmº-ØnI,- imco-cnI,- am
WtØmsS kmº-Øn-I-ambn _p≤n-ap´- tbip-hn\v ka¿∏n-°p-hm≥ \n›-bn®p. \-knI {]bm-k-ß-f-\p-`hn-°p∂ Rß-
\p-`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂ Rß-fpsS IpSpw Aßs\ 1995 apX¬ apgpk-ab kphn- fpsS {]tZ-isØ sslμ-h¿°n-S-bn-em
_sØ klm-bn® GXm\pw IrkvXy≥ tij {]h¿Ø-I-\m-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-°p- bn-cp∂p Fs‚ {]t_m-[\w.- kmº-Øn-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 31
I-ambn Zpcn-X-a-\p-`-hn-°p∂hsc klm- tbip-hns‚ KZvi-a-\-tX-m´-Øn¬ sh®p≈ {]m¿Y-\ Fs‚ ap∂n¬ Hcp
bn-°p-hm-\mbn {InkvXy≥ {]am-Wnam tNmZy-Nn-”-ambn \ne-sIm-≠p. "ssZhw ssZh-tØmSp {]m¿Yn-°ptam?-'-
cpw AtXm-sSm∏w [ym\-tI-{μhpw AI-
a-gn™v klm-bn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. CØcw
F∂ tNmZyw Fs∂ h√msX Ipg-°n. Rm≥ hmßn® Imk-‰p-Ifpw
kmaq-ly-t£-a-{]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS `-mK- {KŸ-ßfpw F∂n¬ Akz-ÿ-X-Iƒ krjvSn®p.-
ambn H´-[nIw IpSpw-_-ßsf klm-bn-
°m≥ Fs∂-s°m≠v km[n-®p. Fs‚ ew Fd-Wm-Ipfw Ieq¿ C‚¿ \mjW ∂v- Fs∂ ]n∑m-‰p-hm≥- Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂p
kphn-tij the-bn¬ BIr-jvS-cmb ] ¬ tÃUn-b-Øn¬sh®v \S-°m-\n-cn-°p- A-h-cp-sS- {i-aw-.- IqSp-X¬ d^-d≥kn\m
ecpw {InkvXp-aX - Ø
- n-te°v IS∂ph∂p ∂- \n®v Hm^v {SqØns‚ ]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS bn Rm≥ hmßnb Jp¿-B≥ ]cn-`mj
sIm≠n-cp-∂p. I¿Øm-hmb tbip-hns‚ t]mÃ¿ ImWm-\n-S-bm-bn. "tbip-{In- Fs‚ kl-{]-h¿Ø-Icpw Rß-fpsS
kvt\lw, Ir], ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ hn kv X p Jp¿- B - \ nepw ss__n- f nepw' Kpcp-°-fp-a-S-ßp∂ kphn-ti-j-I¿ F
Sp-X¬ XpS-ßn-b-h-bm-bn-cp∂p apJy-am F∂-XmWv Xe-hm-NIw. h√mØ AXn- ∂n¬ \n∂v- Hfn-∏n-®p-sh-®p. AXp-t]m
bpw Fs‚ hnj-bß - ƒ. Fs‚ {]h¿Ø i-tbm‡n tXm∂n. XnI®pw A{]-Xo se tbip-hns‚ KZvi-a-\-tX-m´-Øn¬
\ta-Je hym]n-®-tXmsS Rß-fpsS £n-Xa - m-sbmcp t{]m{Kmw. hnj-bØ - ns‚ sh®p≈ {]m¿Y-\ Fs‚ ap∂n¬ Hcp
\mńse ^mkn-Ãp-I-fpsS IÆnse Ic- ]pXp-abpw kwi-b-\n-hm-c-W-Øn\v- Ah tNmZy-Nn-”-ambn \ne-sIm-≠p. "ssZhw
Smbn Rm≥ amdn. Fs∂ Ah¿ {Iqc-am k-cap-≠v- F-∂-Xpw- t{]m{Km-an\p t]mIp- ssZh-tØmSp {]m¿Y-n-°ptam?-'- F∂
bn B{I-an-°p-Ibpw hSn-hmƒs°m-s≠ hm≥ F-∂n¬- Xm¬-]-cyw- h-f¿-Øn.- tNmZyw Fs∂ h√msX Ipg-°n. Rm≥
s‚ Xe-°p-shń amc-I-ambn ]cn-t°¬ Jp¿-B-\ns\°-pdn®v F-\n-°v- A∂p hmßn® Imk-‰p-Ifpw {KŸ-ßfpw F
]-n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fs∂ \in-∏n-°- ≠m-bn-cp∂ [mcW;- ss__n-fn¬ \n∂v- ∂n¬ Akz-ÿ-X-Iƒ krjvSn®p.- tami-
em-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS e£y-sa-¶nepw apl-ΩZv ]I¿Øn-sb-gp-Xnb GXm\pw bpsS Iev]-\-Iƒ ]eXpw ]pXn-b-\n-ba
ssZhØn-s≥-d- Xo-cp-am\w AXn-s\-Xncm- Imcy-ß-fp-am-bn-cp∂p Jp¿-B-\n-ep-≈Xv hpw k`-bpw am‰n adn-®-Xmbn ˛]∂namw
bn-cp-∂p. F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. B co-Xn-bn-em-bn-cp∂p kw, ]cn-tOZ-\- t]m-ep≈h˛ Rm≥ a\-
P∑-\m-ń¬ am{X-am-bn-cpt∂m Xm¶- Rß-fpsS ]T-\hpw.- "tbip I¿Ømhn n-em-°n. AXn-s\-°p-dn®v ss{IkvXh
fpsS anj-\dn {]h¿Ø\w?- s\'- hniz-kn-°mØ apkven-wI - ƒ- tbip- ]WvUn-X-tcmSv tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ kphn-ti-
{In-kvXp-hns\°-pdn®v kwkm-cn-°p-I j-I¿Øm-°ƒ°-Xn\v- A[n-Im-c-ap-s≠-
Hcp kphn-tijI\mbn ssZh-Øn\v-
tbm?-- AXpw tNmtZym-Ø-c-tØmsS!- C- ∂m-bn-cp∂p adp-]-Sn.
Fs∂ ka¿∏n-°p-tºmƒ Fs‚ e£yw
Fs‚ {]tZ-iØp Xs∂ kphn-tij sX-∂n¬- A-¤p-X-ap-f-hm-°n.- A-Xp-sIm- Aßs\ Ckvem-anI {KŸ-ßƒ hm
the sNø-Ws - a-∂m-bn-cp-∂p. B{I-an-°- ≠p-Xs - ∂- ]-cn-]m-Sn-bn¬- ]-s¶-Sp-°p-hm≥- bn-°p-Ibpw Jp¿-B≥ ]T-\-am-cw-`-n-°p-
s∏-´- ti-jw- Rm≥- Zo¿L-Imew saUn Rm≥- Xo-cp-am-\n-®p.- ]t£,- tPmen-Ønc Ibpw kwi-b-\n-hm-c-W-Øn-\mbn Ckv
°¬ tImtf-Pn¬ NnIn-’-bn-em-bn-cp- °p ImcWw ]cn-]m-Sn-bn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p em-anI ]WvUn-X-∑msc kao-]n-°pI
∂p.- Gsd-°psd kpJw {]m]n-®p-sh¶n hm≥ km[n-®n-√. AXn-\m¬ as‰mcmsf bpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. Jp¿-B≥
epw \mń-te°p Xncn-®p-t]m-Ip-hm-≥- km ]cn-]m-Sn-bn¬ ]-s¶-Sp-°p-hm≥- ]d™p ]T-\-Øn-\nSbv°v kqdx- adnbw (Jp¿-B-
[n-°pw hn-[-am-bn-cp-∂n√ ÿnXn-K-Xn-I hn´p.- GXm\pw ]pkvX-I-ßfpw Imk‰p- \-n-se- 19˛mw- A-[ym-bw)- Fs∂ h√msX
ƒ. Fs‚ Poh\p ho≠pw `-ojWn t\cn- Ifpw hmßn-∏n®p.- ]cn-]m-Sn-bpsS Imk‰v kzm[o-\n®p.- tbip-{In-kvXp-hns‚ A¤p
Sp-sa-∂-Xn-\m¬ Xs∂ Rm≥ Xncn®p ]n∂oSv tIƒ°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. X P\-\sØ Rm≥ thZ]pkvX-Ihp-am
apcn-ßq¿ [ym\-tI-{μ-Øn-se-Øp-Ibpw AXp-hsc Rm≥ hniz-kn-®-Xn¬ \n bn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXp ]Tn-®p.
Ahn-sS-\n-∂p≈ \n¿tZ-i-{]-Imcw apcn- ∂pw XnI®pw hyXy-ÿ-amb [mcmfw Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂ ]e-Im-cy-ßfpw
ßq-cn¬ Xs∂ kphn-tij the-bp-ambn Imcy-ß-fmWv F\n°v- ]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬ kX-ya - m-sW-s∂-\n°p tXm∂nsb¶nepw
Ign-®p-Iq-Sp-I-bp-a-mWv sNbvX-Xv. \n∂pw Im-k-‰p-I-fn¬ \n∂pw a\- n-em- Ckvemw kzoI-cn-°m≥ a\- \ - p-hZ- n-®n√.
apcn-ßq¿ Unssh≥ sk‚-dns‚ Icn- °m-\m-b-Xv. tbml-∂m≥ kphn-ti-j- ImcWw A{X-am{Xw tæO-≥am-cm-bn´mWv-
kvam-‰nIv [ym\-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´v tIc- Øn¬ tbip {]h-Nn-°p∂ Imcy-ÿs\ apkven-wIsf Rm≥ I≠n-cp-∂X - v. apkven-
f-Øn-\-IØpw Xan-gv\m-Sv, I¿Wm-S-I, °- p dn- ® p≈ ]T- \ - a mWv F\n- t °sd am-hm≥ Xb-m-dm-bn-s√-¶nepw Jp¿-B≥
B{‘, XpS-ßnb kwÿm-\-ß-fn-ep-am BI¿j-I-ambn tXm∂n-b-Xv. ]Tn-°pw- ]T\w XpS¿∂p-sIm-t≠-bn-cp-∂p. {Inkv
bn Bbn-c-°-W-°n\p kphn-tij tbm tXmdpw A¤p-X-ßƒ Gdn-h-∂p. Fs‚ Xym\n-Iƒ°n-S-bnse Hcp Xncp-Ø¬hm
K-ßfn-e-pw Icn-kvam-‰nIv [ym\ ip{iq- a\- -n-eq-dn-h∂ kwi-b-ßƒ thZ ]Wv Zn-bmbn \ne-sIm-≈m-\mWv Rm≥ {ian-
j-I-fnepw t\XrX-zw sImSp-°p-hm-s\-\n Un-X-∑m-cp-ambn N¿®-sN-bvXp. Fs‚ ®-Xv. Jp¿-B-≥ hmbn-°p-w-tXmdpw Ckv
°v- Ah-kcw e`-n-®n-´p-≠v. kwi-b-ßƒ°p≈ \nhm-c-W-amWv Rm em-an-te°v- BIr-jvS-\m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-
≥ {]Xo-£n-®n-cp-∂-sX-¶nepw adp-]Sn °p∂ Fs∂ BI¿jn-°m-\mbn [ym\-
Xm¶ƒ Ckveman-te°v IS∂p hcp-
\ncm-im-P-\-I-am-bn-cp-∂p. IrX-yhpw hy tI-{μ-Øns‚ t\Xr-X-z-Øn¬ Fs∂ t\
hm-\p≠m-b- kml-Ncyw?-
‡-hp-amb DØcw F\n°p e`n-®n-√. Xm-hm-°n-s°m≠v adn-b-Øn-eqsS ssZh-
1999¬ Rm≥ kPo-h-ambn Icn-kvam- adp-]-Sn-Iƒ Fs∂ \ncp-’m-l-s∏-Sp-Øn- Øn-te°v F∂ Hcp Imº-bn≥ Xs∂
‰nIv ip{iq-j-bp-ambn \mSp-Np-‰p∂ Im sb∂p am{X-a√,- Fs‚ ]T-\-Øn¬ \n {]Jym-]n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. kphntijth
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 32
e-bn-te°v Fs∂ Xncn-®p-sIm-≠p-hc - e
- m- Zn\w{]Xn A©p-t\cw IrX-y-ambn \n¿h-ln-°-s∏-Sp∂ \a-kvIm-c-amWv Fs∂
bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS e£yw. ]e-co-Xn-bn
G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ BI¿jn-®-Xv. BgvN-bn-semcp Rmb-dm-gvNtbm h√-t∏mgptam
¬ Fs∂ {]tem-`n-∏n-°m≥ {ian®psIm
≠n-cp-∂p. Rm≥ am\-kn-I-ambn BsI N¿®n¬ t]mI-p∂ {InkvXym-\nsb At]-£n®v Ir-Xy-ambn ]´mf®n-´ IWs°
Xf¿∂p. sNIp-Øm\pw- IS-en-\-p-an-S-bn \n¿h-ln-°-s∏-Sp∂ \a-kv Im-c-Øn-eqsS {]tXyI B\μ \n¿hr-Xn- e-`n-°p-∂p.
¬ s]´-t]m-se.
t∏mƒ {]Xn-k-‘n-Iƒ Bthmfw A\p- FXn-cmWv AsX∂ Imcy-Øn¬ X¿°-
AXn-\nsS Hcp bm{X-°nSbn¬- ]cn
`-hn-®-Xm-Wv. an-√. aX-{]-t_m-[\ kzmX{¥yw \ne-
N-bs - ∏´ \√-h\- mb H-cp- apkvenw kplr-
Ckvem-an¬ Xm¶sf G‰hpw IqSp- \n¬°p-∂n-S-tØmfw Imew aX-am-‰hpw
Øp-ambn Fs‚ Cu am\-kn-Im-hÿ
X¬ BI¿jn® Imcy-sa-¥m-bn-cp∂p?- D≠m-hpw. AXv \nbaw aqew \ntcm-[n-
Rm≥ ]¶p-sh-®p. At±-lw Ft∂mSv
°m-\m-hp∂ H∂-√.
D]-tZ-in-®Xv "C∂sØ apkven-w-I-sf- Zn\w{]Xn A©p-t\cw IrX-y-ambn
\nßƒ t\mt°-≠-Xn-√, Ah-sc-°≠v \n¿h-ln-°-s∏-Sp∂ \a-kvIm-c-amWv F Jp¿-B≥ `-oI-c-hm-Zn-I-sfbpw Xo{h-
Bcpw Ckvemw kzoI-cn-°pI-bn-√. \n s∂ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ BI¿jn-®-Xv. hm-Zn-I-sfbpw krjvSn-°p∂ {KŸ-am-
ßƒ ]Tn-®n-St- Ømfw, hmbn-®n-St- Ømfw BgvN-bn-semcp Rmb-dm-gvNtbm h√- sW∂ Btcm-]-W-tØmSv Xm¶-fpsS
\nßƒ°v- kXy-sa∂p tXm∂p∂ ] t∏mgptam N¿®n¬ t]mI-p∂ {InkvXym- {]Xn-I-cWw?-
£w \nßƒ- C-kv-emw- kzoI-cn-°p-I, \n \nsb At]-£n®v Ir-Xy-ambn ]´mf®n- Ckvemw F∂ ]Z-Øn-s≥-d- A¿-Yw
ß-fpsS ac-Wm-\-¥c Pohn-X-hp-ambn -´ IWs° \n¿h-ln-°-s∏-Sp∂ \a-kv Xs∂ ka¿∏Ww,- kam-[m\w Fs∂m-
_‘-s∏´ Hcp c£m-]≤Xn-bm-Wn-Xv'- Im-c-Øn-eqsS {]tXyI B\μ \n¿hr- s°-bm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ Xs∂ Hcp Ckv
F∂m-bn-cp∂p Fs‚ a\- n¬ Bizm- Xn- e-`n-°p-∂p. am\-knI kt¥m-jhpw emw aX-hn-izmkn°v- Hcn-°epw kam-[m-
k-Øns‚ Hcp Ipfn¿ag-s]-øn-°m≥ B PohnX hnip-≤nbpw Bfl-ss[-cyhpw \-Øns\Xncp-\n¬°m≥ km[n-°n-√.
hm-°p-Iƒ°v km[n®p. Aßs\ F¥p CXn-eqsS F\n°p t\Sm-\m-hp-∂p. PqX˛-ss{I-kvXhcm¬ \nb-{¥n-°-s∏-
Xs∂ kln-®mepw Ckvemw kzoI-cn- apl-ΩZv \_n() s°Xnsc i‡- Sp∂ am[y-a-ß-fpsS krjvSn-bmWv Hcp
°p-hm≥ Xs∂ Xocp-am-\n-®p. F√m-Øn- amb Btcm-]W - ß- fpw A]-hm-Zß - fpam ]cn-[n-tbmfw Ckvem-anI Xo{h-hmZw
s\-°mfpw kX-y-tØmSpw Xs∂ krjv Wt√m {InkvXy≥ anj-\-dn-am¿ \S-Øp- F∂ Btcm-]Ww F∂mWv Rm≥ a\-
Sn-® -ssZ-h-tØm-Sp-amWv {]Xn-_-≤-X-bp- ∂-Xv. CXns\ Fßs\ hne-bn-cp-Øp- n-em-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ Cu am[y-a-ß
≠m-th-≠Xv F∂p a\- n-em°n Fs‚ ∂p?- fpsS Btcm-]W - ß- sf icn-sh°pw hn[-
ùXnI kpJ-ku-I-cy-ßfpw ÿm\-am- Øn-ep≈ H‰-s∏´ Nne Bƒ°q-´-ßsf
\-ßfpw shSn-bm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p. Fs∂ Ckvem-an-t\mSpw apkvenw-I-tfmSpw krjvSn-°m≥ {]kvXpX am[y-aß - ƒ°m-
]n¥n-cn-∏n-°m≥ kl-{]-h¿Ø-Icpw Iq Ah⁄bp-≠m°n Jp¿-B-\n\p ap∂n bn-´p-≠v F∂Xpw icn-bmW.-v Xo{h-hm-Z
sS ]nd-∏p-I-fmb ktlm-Zcnamcpw {ian ¬ ad-bn-Sm-\p≈ anj-\-dn-am-cpsS X{¥- -sØbpw Iem-]-ßsfbpw aX-h¬I-cn-
®p t\m°n. A\-¥c - m-hI
- m-ia- mbn e`n® amtb F\n-°n-Xns\ ho£n-°m-\m-Ip- °p-∂Xn\p ]Icw sX‰v Bcv sNbvXm
kzsØ√mw Ah¿°p Xncn-t®¬∏n®v- ∂p-≈q. AXn-\mbn Jp¿-B-\n-s\-Xnsc epw B hy-‡n-I-fn¬ HXp-°n-\n¿ØpI-
Ckvemw kzoI-cn-°m≥ Xs∂ Xocp-am- t\cns´mcp B{I- a Ww \S- Ø n- b m¬ bmWv th≠Xv F∂mWv Fs‚ A`n-
\n-®p. At∏m-gXm as‰mcp {]iv\w˛- apkv th≠-Xp-t]mse Gip-I-bn-√. Imc-Ww, {]mbw. am{X-a√ CØcw bmYm¿Y-y-ß
en-w-I-ƒ°n-S-bnse kwL-S\-m-ss-hhn Jp¿-B≥ Gh¿°pw hmbn-°m-\mhpw sf ]pdØp sIm≠p-h-cp-hm≥ sI-e-] v- p-
[yw.- A-sX-s∂- Xf¿Øn. Aßs\ apkv hn[w ]cn-`m-jI - ƒ e`y-am-Ip∂ Hcp Xpd ≈- Ckvem-anI am[y-a-ß-fpsS A`mh
enw-Iƒ-°n-S-bnse hnhn[ hn`m-K-ßsf- ∂ ]pkvX-I-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬ Xs∂ C hpw Hcp {]iv\-am-Wv.
°-pdn®v _mly-ambn ]Tn-®-tijw Ckzv kvem-ans\ Xmd-Sn-°m≥ Ah¿ Xnscs™-
Xm¶ƒ anj-\dn {]h¿Ø-\-cw-KØv
emlo- {]ÿm-\-tØmSv tN¿∂v {]h¿ SpØ as‰mcp coXn-bmWv apl-ΩZv \_n
kzoI-cn-®n-cp-∂-t]mse kmaqly t£a-
Øn-°m≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p. ()sb CI-gvØn-°m-Wn-°pI F∂-Xv.
{]-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \SØn ¢o≥ CtaPv
{]tXy-In®pw hnhmlw,- bp≤-ßƒ XpS-
kX-y-a-X-Øn-te°v- IS-∂p-h∂ ti D≠m-°nb tijw aX {]t_m-[\w \S-
ßnb hnj-b-ß-fn¬ s]s´∂v sX‰n-≤m-
jw Xm¶ƒ A`-n-ap-Jo-I-cn® G‰hpw h Øm-sa∂ Bi-b-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ho
cW krjvSn-°m≥ km[n-°p-∂p.-
enb {]Xn-k‘n F¥m-bn-cp∂p?- £Ww?-
Cubn-sS-bmbn \nb-a] - c
- a - mbn {]m_-
Rm≥ t\csØ ]d- ™ p- h t√m;- ASn- ÿ m\ Bi- b sØ A- Y - h m-
e-yØ- n¬ sIm≠p-hc - W
- s
- a∂v ^mkn-Ãp-
Ckveman-te°v- IS∂p hcp-∂Xp Xs∂ Xulo-Zns\ Ah-K-Wn-®p-sIm-≠p≈
Iƒ apd-hn-fn-Iq-´p∂ aX-]-cn-h¿Ø\ \n
IrX-ya - mb ]T-\Ø- n-\p-ti-ja - m-Wv. AXn- Hcp kmaq-ly-t£-a- {]-h¿Ø-\-hpw- A
tcm-[\ \nb-asØ°-pdn®v- F-¥p- ]d-bp-
\m¬ Xs∂ t\sc Ckzvemlo- {]ÿm- \p-Kp-W-as-√-∂XmWv Fs‚ A\p-`-hw.
∂p?- kphn-ti-j-I-\m-bn-cns° F∂n-eqsS
\-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-hm≥ F\n°v Ah-
kcw e`-n-®-Xp-sIm≠v FSpØp]d-b-Ø {]kvXpX _n√ns‚ hni-Zmw-i-ßƒ kmº-ØnI klmbw e`n-®-Xp-aqew
° {]Xn-k-‘n-I-sfm∂pw t\cn-tS≠n F\n-°-dn-bn-√. F∂m¬ \ΩpsS `-cW {InkvXp-aXw kzoI-cn® ]e-cp-ap-s≠∂p
h∂n-ń-√. apºv Rm≥ lnμpaX-Øn¬ LS\ \ap-°\p-h-Zn-®p-X-cp∂ ]uc-kzm ]d-™p-ht√m,- Ah¿°v- F∂n-eqsS
\n∂v {InkvXp-a-X-Øn-te°v IS∂ph∂- X- { ¥y--Ø n\pw aX- k zm- X - { ¥y- Ø n\pw e`y-am-b-Xn-s\-°mƒ henb klm-b-ß
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 33
ƒ as‰mcp k`-°mtcm As√-¶n¬ ssl Poh-Im-cp-Wy {]h¿Ø-\-sØ-°mƒ Hcp {]t_m-[-Is‚ PohnX hnip≤n- I-≠p-
μ- h tcm apkv e n- w - I - t fm \¬In- b m¬ sIm-≠m-hWw CX-c-a-X-ÿ¿ Ckvem-an-te°v- BIr-jvS-cm-th-≠-Xv. CØc-samcp
Ah-cpsS IqsS IqSn√ F∂v F\n-°p-d-
hnip≤ PohnXw \bn-°m≥ Cbmƒ°p t{]cW Ckvem-am-sW∂p {Kln-°p-∂-h-
∏n-√. AXn-\m¬ kmaqlyt£a-{]-h¿
Ø-\-ß-fn-eq-sS-bp≈ Bib {]N-c-W- sc√mw Ckvem-an-te°v- BIr-jvS-cm-Ipsa-∂Xv- Xo¿®-bm-Wv.
sa-∂p-≈Xv Hcp Xm¬Im-enI X{¥w
kphn-ti-jt- h-eb - n-embncn°p-tºmƒ Dd- Xm¶-fpsS `-mhn {]h¿Ø\ taJe?-
am{X-am-Wv. Ckvem-ans\ kw_-‘n-®nS
°-Øn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw tbip F\n°v Ct∏mƒ Rm≥ kt¥m-j-I-c-amb
-tØmfw Poh-Im-cpWy{]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ
{]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂-Xmbn kz]v\w ImWm- IpSpw-_-Po-hnXw \bn-°p-∂p. Fs‚ bp
Ahs‚ hnizm-k-Øns‚ `mK-ambn Po
dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ \mw H∂n¬ h-X-z-Øns‚ \s√m-cp-Im-e-L-´hpw bm
hn-X-Øn-te°v sIm≠p-h-tc-≠-Xm-Wv.
Xs∂ \nc-Xcmbn \n¬°p-tºmƒ km Ym¿Y-y-a-dn-bmsX Ak-X-y-{]-t_m-[-\-
AXn\v ùXn-I-amb {]Xn-^-e-\-ßƒ
[m-cW- b - mbn kw`-hn-°m-dp≈ Hcp `-uXn- Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-ti-jn-°p∂ Imew
D≠m-Ip-sa∂v {]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv \∂-√.
I {]Xn-`-mkw am{X-amWv AXv F∂p- ap-gp-h≥- AXn-s\mcp {]mb-›n-Ø-sa-
am{X-a√,- Poh-Im-cp-Wy {]h¿Ø-\-sØ- ≈-XmWv- hkvXp-X.
°mƒ Hcp {]t_m-[-Is‚ PohnX hnip t∂mWw Ckvem-anI {]t_m-[\ {]h¿
≤n- I-≠p-sIm-≠m-hWw CX-c-a-X-ÿ¿ Xm¶ƒ Hcp Icn-kvam-‰nIv kphn-ti- Ø-\-ß-fn¬ \ncXamh-W-sa-∂mWv Xo
Ckvem-an-te°v- BIr-jvS-cm-th-≠-Xv. jI-\m-bn-cp-∂p-ht- √m. Icn-kvam‰nIv [ym cp-am-\w. Rm≥ aqew [mcmfw hy‡n-I
CØc-samcp hnip≤ PohnXw \bn-°m \-Øn-eqsS A¬`-pX tcmK-im-¥n-Iƒ fpw IpSpw-_-ßfpw {InkvXp-a-X-Øn-te
≥ Cbmƒ°p t{]cW Ckvem-am-sW∂p \S-∂-Xmbn ss{IkvXh {]kn-≤o-I-c-W- °v IS-∂p-h∂ - n-´p-s≠∂p ]d-™p-ht√m.
{Kln-°p-∂-h-sc√mw Ckvem-an-te°v- ß-fn-eq-sS ]e-cp-sSbpw A\p-`-h-ß-ƒ Ah¿s°- ¶ nepw kXy- a X ktμiw
sIm-Sp-°m-dp-≠v.- CØcw Ht´sd IY-I FØn-°-W-sa∂v B{K-l-ap-≠v. AtXm-
BIr-jvS-cm-Ipsa-∂Xv- Xo¿®-bm-Wv.
ƒ {]N-cn-∏n-°s∏-´p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°p-∂p.- sSm∏w Rm\n-t∏mƒ Fs‚ Pohn-X-I-Y
kphn-ti-j-I¿ Xß-fpsS {]kw-K C-Xns‚ hkvXp-X-sb-¥mWv?-
Ønepw A\p-`h-km-£y-ß-fnepw km bpw A\p-`-ß-fp-apƒs°m-≈n-®p-sIm≠,v
GXv tcmK-ßƒ°pw sshZy-im-kv{X "tbip Fs∂ ap-kv-en-am°n'- F∂ {K
[m-cW- b - mbn D]-tbm-Kn-®p-hc - m-dp≈ km
{- ]-Imcw c≠v Imc-Wß - f- p-≠m-hmw;- am\- ŸØn-s≥-d- cN-\-bn-em-Wv. {]t_m-[\
t¶-XnI ]Z-ß-fm-Wt√m ho≠pw P\
kn-Ih - pw imco-cn-Ih - pw. H´p-an-°t- cm-Kß
- - cwKØv AXv Gsd D]-I-cn-°p-sa-∂mWv
\w,- tbip-hns‚ shfn-s∏-S¬ F∂nh.-
fp-sSbpw Imc-W-ßƒ am\-kn-I-am-W- Fs‚ {]Xo£.
Ch-sbm∂v hni-Zo-I-cn-°mtam?-
t√m.- Icn-kvam-‰nIv [ym\-Øn-eqsS e`-y- "kvt\l-kw-hmZw'- hmb-\-°m-tcmSv
]m]sØ a\- n-em°n,- ]m]-ßf - n¬ am-Ip∂ GIm-{K-Xbpw Ahcp-sS- hnizm-
\n∂v tamN\w t\Sn,- tbipsh Xs‚ Xm¶ƒ°v \¬Im-\p≈ D]-tZiw?-
k-hpw- ssZh`-bhpw a\-xi - m-¥nbpsa√mw
I¿Ømhpw c£n-Xm-hp-ambn Dd®v hniz- ]-e- -tcm-K-ßƒ°pw Xm¬-°m-en-I-am-b- Aap-kv-ew-I-ƒ°n-S-bn-te°v kX-y-
kn®v ]pXn-sbmcp Pohn-X-coXn kzoI-cn- ia\w \¬In-tb-°mw. F∂m¬ {]Xy aX ktμ-is - a-Øn-°m-\p≈ Hcp Iq´mbv
°p∂Xns\- b mWv km[m- c - W - b mbn £-am-bn-°m-Wp∂ tcmK-ßtfm AwK- a-bpsS {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-sa∂ \nebv°v
ho≠pw P\\w,- Bflm-hn¬ ho≠pw ssh-I-e-y-ßtfm CØcw Icn-kvam-‰nIv "kvt\l-kw-hmZw'- amknI IqSp-X¬ {]
P\\w F∂o {]tbm-K-ßƒsI-m-≠p-t±- [ym\-Øn-eqsS km[m-cWbmbn t`-Z-am- N-cn-∏n-°p-I. kz¥-amtbm kvt]m¨k¿
in-°p-∂X - v. tbip- X-\n°v Dd-°Ø - ntem Im-dn-√!- ]e-tcm-K-ß-fpsSbpw- ImcWw amsc Is≠-Øntbm hmb-\-im-e-Iƒ,
DW¿hntem {]Xy-£-s∏´v Ahs‚ kp ss]im-Nn-I-X-bm-b-Xp-sIm≠v ]nim-Nn hnZym-`-ymk ÿm]-\-ßƒ, sXmgn¬ im
hn-ti-j-th-e-°mbn Xs∂ hnfn-®p-th¿ s\ {]oXn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ CØcw _lp- e-Iƒ, a‰n-Xc s]mXp-ÿ-e-ßƒ F∂n-
X-n-cn®v Xs‚ ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂pw tbip- ssZ-hm-cm-[-\m-]-c-amb NnIn-’m-ap-d-I-ƒ hn-S-ß-fn¬ kvt\lkwhmZw FØn°p
{InkvXp hnSp-X¬ \¬In hos≠-Sp-°p kzoI-cn-°p-tºmƒ ss]im-NnI klm I. {]t_m-[\ {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v- D]-
∂ Z¿i\hc {]{In-b-bmWv CØcw bw e`-ya - m-Ip-sa∂v Xo¿®-bm-Wt- √m. Hcp Im-cs- ∏-Sp∂ teJ-\ß - ƒ eLpteJ-bm-
shfn-s∏-S¬ sIm≠v km[m-c-W-bmbn ]t£,- tcmK-ßƒ t`-Z-ambn-tØm-∂m-\p- °n-hn-X-cWw sNøp-I. {]t_m-[\ cwK
Dt±-in-°m-dp-≈-Xv. ≈- Imc-Wß - f - n-sem∂v AXp-am-tb-°mw. Øv Cu {]kn-≤o-Ic - Ww hen-sbm-cp-apX
CØcw shfn-s∏-S¬ Xm¶-fpsS Po F∂m¬ CXns‚ as‰mcp hiw,- CØcw ¬°-q-´m-b-Xn-\m¬ [mcmfw Bfp-Isf
hn-X-Øn¬ hos≠-Sp-∏n\p aptºm tij A\p-`h - k- m£yw {]Jym-]n-°p∂ tcmKn- Xulo-Zn-te°v sIm≠p-h-cm≥ "kvt\l-
tam D≠m-b-ti-j-amtWm Xm¶ƒ apgp- I-fn-emcpw Xßƒ°v CØ-cs - amcp tcmK- kw-hmZw'- amkn-I-°p-km-[n-°pw. {]
k-ab kphn-ti-j-I-\m-bXv?- ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂Xn\p≈ imkv{Xob t_m-[-\-cw-KØv A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXn
sXfn-hp-Itfm tUmIvS¿am-cpsS ]cn-tim- am{Xw e£yw h®v ap∂n-ń-d-ßp-I. C_v
A√. km[m-cW ]e -kp-hn-ti-j-I
[\m tcJ-Itfm lmP-cm-°m-dn-√ F-∂- dmlow \-_n-()sb- t]m-se- XymKw
cpw AXn-i-tbm-‡n-bp-≠m-°m≥ th≠n
Xm-Wv.- kln-°m≥ {]-t_m-[-I¿- Xb-m-dm-h-Ww.
{]kw-K-Øn-\nsS km£yw ]d-bm-dp≈
kX-y-a-X-Øn-te°p IS-∂p-h∂ X¶- A√mlp \sΩ A\p- { K- l n- ° - s ´˛
t]mse Rm\pw {]kw-Kn-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-
∂p-sh-¶nepw F\n°v AØ-c-samcp ho fpsS Ct∏m-gsØ Ah-ÿ-sb-¥mWv? Bao≥.-
s≠-Sp∏v D≠m-bn-ń-√. F∂m¬ \nc-¥cw Hcp apgpka-b- kp-hn-ti-I-\m-bn-cp∂
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 34
"tIm-bn-ap-´-t]m-se- D-cp-≠- `q-an'--
A-Y-hm- H-cp- ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn-bp-sS- "tIm-bn-t∏m-cv-'-
D-kv-am≥- ]m-e-°m-gn- kw-L-]-cn-hm-dn-s≥-d- ]-{X-Øn¬- k-Zbw- A-\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-´- "ln-Iv-a-Øv'-

F-∂- {]-Xn-h-m-c- ]-c-Zq-j-W- ]w-‡n-bn¬- am-‰dn-\v- h-√- ]-™hp-ap-t≠m?-
D-s≠-¶n¬Xs∂- kv-t\-l-kw-hm-ZØn-\p-≈- a-dp-]-Sn- Ah¿- {]-kn-≤o-I-
tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- C-kv-emw- cn-°p-sa-∂n-cn-s°- a-s‰m-cp- ]-{X-Øn¬- sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬- F-¥v- "ln-Iv-a-
hn-a¿-i-I-\pw- Xn-I-™- ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn-bpw- Øv-'- B-Wp-≈-Xv?
Xm-\m-sW-∂- A-lw-t_m-[t- Øm-sS- AXv-
sX-fn-bn-°p-hm≥- G-X‰ - w- h-sc- t]m-Ip-hm- ≠m-bn-√''-- F-∂v- bp-‡n-h-m-Zn- {]-kn-≤o-I- ≈-h-s\- t^m¨- sN-øp-∂-Xv.- ""te-J-\-
\pw- X-bm-dp-≈- B-\° - b - Ø- p-Im-c≥- sk- c-Wß - f - n-tem- ss{I-kXv- h
- ,- kw-L] - c
- n-hm ß-ƒ- hm-bn-®p.- sk-bvZp-ap-l-Ω-Z-n-s\- sN-
bv-Zp-ap-l-Ω-Zv- "kv-t\-l-kw-hm-Z'--Øn-te-°v- ¿- {]-kn-≤o-I-c-W-ß-fn-tem- I-m-®m-a-t√m.- ∂p- I-≠p.- a-dp-]-Sn- F-gp-Xp-∂n-t√- F-∂v-
"H-cp- ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn-bp-sS tNm-Zy-ßƒ'- F- ]-t£,- kvt- \-lk - w-hm-Zw- "_-Um- bp-‡n- tNm-Zn-®p.- A-t∏mƒ- A-t±-lw- ]-d-™-Xv-
∂- t]-cn¬- H-cp- te-J-\w- A-b-®p- X-∂p.- hm-Zn-'-bp-sS- {]-kv-Xp-X- te-J-\w-- {]-kn-≤n- P-∑-`q-an- ]-{X-Øn¬- A-Xn-\p-≈- a-dp-]-Sn-
"kv-t\-l-kw-hm-Z'Øn¬- A-Xv- {]-kn-≤o- I-cn- ®
- p-;- A-Xn-\p-≈- a-dp-]S- n-bpw- H-∏w- sIm- sIm-Sp-Øn-´p-≠v- F-∂m-Wv.- "kv-t\-l-kw
I-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°-tW- F-∂v- "C-√m-Ø- ssZ- Sp-Øp.- Xp-S¿-®-bm-b- H-cp- kw-hm-Z-Øn-\v- hm-Z'Øn¬- Xm-¶-fp-sS- te-J-\-hpw- A-Xn
h-tØm-Sv'- {]m¿-Yn-®p-sIm-≠m-bn-cn-°W - w- I-fs - am-cp-ßs - ´- F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p- {]-Xo-£.- \p-≈- a-dp-]-Sn-bpw- h-∂ kv-Y-n-Xn-°v- B-
A-t±-lw- A-Xv- A-b-®p- X-∂-Xv.- F-∂m¬- Sn-bm-s≥-d- a-dp-]S- n-bpw- Im-Øn-cp-∂p.- c-≠p- a-dp-]S- n-°p-≈- hn-a¿-i\ - °
- p-dn-∏v- "kvt- \-l-
]n-s∂- ""Rm-s\m-cp- te-J-\w- "kv-t\-l- a-mk
- w- I-gn-™n-´pw- bm-sXm-cp- a-dp-]S- n-bpw- kw-hm-Z'Øn--te°-p- X-s∂- A-b® - p-sImSp-
kw-hm-Z'Øn-\v- A-b® - p-sIm-Sp-Øp-;- "kvt- \- I-≠n-√.- °p-Ib - m-bn-cp-∂n-t√- th-≠X - v- F-∂p- tNm-
l-kw-hm-Z'Øn-s≥-d- A-Wn-b-d-°m¿-°v- A-ß-s\-bn-cn-°p-tºm-gm-W-v B-\-°- Zn-®-t∏mƒ- "A-h¿- F-s≥-d- a-dp-]-Sn- {]-kn-
A-Xv- {]-kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-hm-≥- B¿-P-h-ap- b-Øp X-s∂-bp-≈- H-cp- kp-lr-Øv- Cubp- ≤o-I-cn-°n-√- F-∂p- I-cp-Xn-b-m-Wv- A-h¿-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 35
°p- A-b® - p-sIm-Sp-°m-Xn-cp-∂X - 'v- F
- ∂
- m-bn- A-tXm-sS- Cu-bp-≈-h-\v- H-cp- Im-cyw- hy-‡-am-bn.- "B-\-°-b-'-Øp-Im-c≥- ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn-
cp-∂p- hn-i-Zo-I-c-Ww''-.- C-Xm-Wv- B- kp i-cn-°pw- "B-\-°-b'-Øn¬- ho-Wn-cn-°p-∂p.- B- "I-b'-Øn¬- \n-∂v- c-£-s∏-Sm≥
lr-Øv- t^mWn-eq-sS- ]-d-™-Xn-s≥-d- Np- Aev]w- {]-bm-k-ap-≠v.- A-Xn¬- ap-ßn-Øm-Wp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºm-gm-Wv- Un-kw-_-¿-
cp-°w.- A-tXm-sS- Cu-bp-≈-h-\v- H-cp- Im-
cyw- hy-‡-am-bn.- "B-\-°-b-'-Øp-Im-c≥-
e°w- k-vt\-l-kw-hm-Z-Øn¬- "bp-‡n-hm-Zn-°v- bp-‡n- \-jv-S-s∏-´m¬- F-∂- t]-cn¬-
ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn- i-cn-°pw- "B-\-°-b'-Øn¬- Hcp- te-J\w- sh-fn-®w- I-≠-Xv-.-
ho-Wn-cn-°p-∂p.- B- "I-b'-Øn¬- \n-∂v-
c-£-s∏-Sm≥ A-ev-]w- {]-bm-k-ap-≠v.- A- an-kv-‰¿- B-\-°-bw-!- `-u-X-I-hm-Zn- F °-b-ØpIm-c≥- bp-‡n-hm-Zn-bp-sS- ap-
Xn¬- ap-ßn-Øm-Wp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºm-gm- ∂-Xn-\¿-Yw- B¿-P-h-c-ln-X≥- F-∂m- ºn¬- Htc-sbm-cp- C-c-tb-bp-≈q.- A-Xv- C-
Wv- Un-kw-_-¿- e-°w- k-vt\-l-kw-hm-Z- tWm?- B¿-P-h-hpw- X-t‚-S-hp-ap-s≠-¶n¬- kv-emam-Wv- A-Y-hm- ap-kv-enw- k-aq-l-am-
Øn¬- "bp-‡n-hm-Zn-°v- bp-‡n- \-jv-S-s∏- Xm-¶ƒ- kv-t\-l-kw-hm-ZØn-\p-≈- a-dp-]- Wvv.- AXp-sIm-≠-p-X-s∂- Sn-bm≥- X-s≥-d-
-´m¬- F-∂- t]-cn¬- H-cp- te-J-\w- sh-fn- Sn- kvt- \-lk- w-hm-ZØn-\p-Xs - ∂-bm-Wv- A- Xq-en-I-bn-eq-sS- C-kv-emw- hn-a¿-i-\-Øn-
®w- I-≠X - v-.- A-Xv- Iq-Sn- I-≠t- ∏mƒ- ùXn- b-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂X - v.- kvt- \-lk- w-hm-ZØn- s≥-d- Im-f-Iq-Sw- -am-{Xw- hn-k-¿-Pn-®p-sIm-
I-hm-Zn-bp-sS- I-Æp-If - n¬- C-cp-´p- ]-S¿-s∂- s≥-d- A-Wn-b-d- in¬-]n-Iƒ- ò-cp-°-f-√-;- - t≠-bn-cn-°p-∂p;-- ]-g-In-∏p-fn-®- hn-X-fi-
∂p- hy-‡w.- C-kv-em-an-s\- Xm-d-Sn-®p-Im- B-Z¿-i- iq-\y-X-b\p-`-hn-°p-∂-h-cp-a-√.- hm-Z-ßƒ- \nc-Øn-s°m-t≠-bn-cn-°p-∂p;-
Wn-°p-hm-\p-≈- Xs≥-d- Ip-’n-X {i-a-ß- kp-hy-‡-am-b- {]-am-W-ß-fp-sS- ]n≥-_- ap-kvenw- ]fin-X∑m¿- D-Nn-X-am-b- a-dp-]-
sf- Xp-d∂- p-Im-Wn-°p-∂- {]-kvX - p-X- teJ- e-ap≈-h-cm-Wv.- A-Xp-s-Im-≠-p-X-s∂- G- Sn-bpw- hn-i-ZoI-c-W-ß-fpw- \¬-In-b- B-
\-Øn-\p-w- A-t±-lw- {]-Xn-Ic - n-®n-√.- b -- p-‡n- Xp-X-cw- hn-a¿-i-\-ß-sf-bpw- A-h¿- sN- tcm-]-W-ßƒ- ho-≠pw- ho-≠pw- B-h¿-
hn-Nm-cw- am-kn-I-bp-sS- hr-Øn-sI-´- hn-a¿- hns°-m-≈pw;- bp-‡-am-b- a-dp-]-Sn- sIm- Øn-®p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°p-∂p.- F-∂n-´v- h-en-
i-\-ß-sf-bpw- {]-kv-Xp-X- te-J-\-Øn¬- Sp-°p-I-bpw- sN-øpw.- "kv-t\-l-kw-hm-Z'- b-hm-bn-¬- hn-fn-®p- ]-d-bp-∂p-;- "C-kv-em-an-
Xp-d-∂p-Im-ń-bn-cp-∂p.- C-kv-em-an-s\-Xn-sc- Øn-s≥d- am-{Xw- k-hn-ti-j-X-bm-Wn-Xv.- I- Z¿-i-\-Øn-s\-X-n-sc-bpw- Jp¿B-\n-I-
hn-jw- No-‰n-s°m-≠-n-cn-°p-∂- {]-kv-Xp-X- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- ap-kv-enw-I-fpw- A-ap- \n-b-a-ßƒ-s°-Xn-sc-bpw- Rm≥- F-gp-Xn-
am-kn-Ib- pw- X-ßƒ-i° - X- n-sc-bp-≈- ]-cm- kv-enw-I-fp-am-b- hm-b-\-°m¿- Cu- X-t‚- b- Ip-dn-∏p-Iƒ-s°m-∂pw- C-Xp-h-sc- B-
a¿-i-ß-sf- I-≠n-s√-∂p- \-Sn-®p!- S-sØ- A-`n-\-μn-®p-sIm-≠v- kvt\-l-kw- cpw a-dp-]-Sn- ]-d-bp-I-tbm- {]-Xn-I-cn-°p-I-
ssh-cp-[ym-[n-jvT - n-X- `-uX - n-Ih- m-Zw- F- hm-Z-Øn-\v- F-gp-Xm-dp-ap-≠v-.- tbm- sN-bvX - n-ń-√'-- F-∂v!- im-¥w- !- - ]m-hw- !- -
∂p- tI-ń-t´-bp-≈q.- C-t∏m-gm-Wv- A-Xv- I- kw-L-]-cn-hm-dn-s≥-d- ]-{X-Øn¬- k- C-ke v- m-an-s\- hn-a¿-in-°p-∂h - c- n¬- bp-
≠-dn-™-Xv.- H-cp- C-kv-em-an-I- {]-kn-≤o- Zbw- A-\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-´- "ln-Iv-a-Øv'- F-∂- ‡n-hm-Zn- ]-£-Øp-\n-∂p-ap-≈- k¿-hm-[n-
I-cW - Ø - n-\v- hn-a¿-i\ - - te-J\-ab - ®- p-sIm- {]-Xn-h-m-c- ]-c-Zq-j-W- ]w-‡n-bn¬- am-‰dn ]-Xn-bm-Wv- Xm-s\-∂- A-l-¥- sIm-≠m-
Sp-°p-I.- a-dp-]-Sn- k-ln-Xw- {]-kv-Xp-X- te- \
- -v h-√- ]-™h - p-ap-t≠m?- D-s≠-¶n¬Xs∂- Wv- Sn-bm≥- \n¿-e÷ - w- hn-Xfi - h
- m-Zß
- ƒ-
J\w- B- am-kn-I- {]-kn-≤o-I-cn-®-t∏mƒ- kvt- \-lk - w-hm-ZØn-\p-≈- a-dp-]S- n- A-h¿- B-h¿-Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂X - v.- C-kev- mw-
B a-d-p-]-Sn-sb- J-fin-®q-sIm-≠p-≈- te- {]-kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-sa-∂n-cn-s°- a-s‰m-cp- ]- hn-a¿-i-\-Ø-n¬- apgp-In-b- ss{I-kv-X-h- an-
J-\w- A-tX- am-kn-I-°v- A-b-®p-sI-m-Sp- {X-Øn¬- sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬- F-¥v- "ln- j-W-dn-amcpw- a-‰p- C-kv-emw- hn-a¿-i-I-cpw-
°m-sX- k - w-L] - c- n-hm-dn-s≥-d- ]-{X-Ønse- Iv-a-Øv-'- B-Wp-≈-Xv? "ln-Iv-a-Øv'- F-∂- N-h®- p-Xp-∏n-bs - X-Sp-Øv- A-t±-lw- ho-≠pw-
X-s≥-d- kvY - n-cw- ]w-‡nbn¬- s - Im-Sp-°pI! A-d-_n- ]-Z-Øn-\v- \ym-bw,- bp-‡n,- A-dn N-h-®p-Xp-∏p-∂p F-∂-Xm-Wv- hm-kv-X-hw.-
X-s≥-d- Hm-tcm- Im-cy-hpw- ssh-cp-[ym-[njv- hv,- X-Øz-⁄m-\w- F-s∂m-s°-bm-W¿ "C-Ωn-Wn- _-ey' B-fm-bn- kz-bw- N-a-bp-
Tn-X-am-sW-∂v- ta-∏-Sn- ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn- sXfn- Yw.- A-sXm-∂p-w- Xm-¶f - p-sS- ]w-‡n-°v- tN ∂-Xv- B-fl-l¿-jw- \¬-In-tb-°pw.- F-
bn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p- F-∂¿-Yw.- C-kv ¿-∂-X-√.- "ln-I-va-Øv'-- F-∂-√- "lo-e-Øv-'- ∂m¬- ap-kve - nw-Is - f- kw-_‘ - n-®n-St- Øm-
em-an-s\- hn-a¿-in-®p-sIm-≠p-≈- te-J-\w- (Ip-X{- ¥w)- F-∂- t]-cm-Wv- Xm-¶f - p-sS- ]w- fw- S-n-bm≥- "_-tey'- hn-a¿-i-I-\pw- t]-Sn-
"kvt- \-lk - w-hm-Z'--Øn-\b - ®- p-X∂ - - hy-‡n- ‡n-°v- A-\p-tbm-Py-w- F-∂v- k-hn-\-bw- kz-]v-\-hp-sam-∂p-a-√.- A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- D-
A-Xv- {]-kn-≤o-I-cn-®p- I-≠n-´pw- A-Xn-\p- A-dn-bn-°-s´.- kv-Xm-Zp-am-cpw- A-h-cp-sS- D-kv-Xm-Zp-am-cp-am-
≈- hn-a¿-i-\w- "kv-t\-l-kw-hm-Zw'--{]-kn- C-kv-em-an-s\- hn-a¿-in-°p-∂- hn-j-b- b- _-Um-_U - m- bp-‡n-hm-Zn-Iƒ-s°ms°
≤o-Ic - n-°n-√- F-∂p- hn-Nm-cn-®v- kw-L] - cn- Øn¬- bp-‡n-h-mZn-I¿- ss{I-kv-X-h- an-j- hy-‡a - m-b- a-dp-]S- n- ap-kve
- n-w- ]-fin-X∑ - m
hm¿- ]-{X-Øn¬- a-dp-]-Sn- F-gp-Xn- F-∂Xn W-dn- {]-h¿-ØI - c
- p-am-bpw- kw-L] - c
- n-hmdp- ¿- \¬-In-bn-´p-ap-≠v.- F-∂n-´-t√- C-Øn-cn-
¬-]-cw- ssh-cp-[yw- F-¥p-≠v?- a-dp-]-Sn- F am-bpw- ssI-tIm¿-Øv- apt∂m-´p- t]m-Ip- t∏m-∂- tI-c-f-Øn-se- "T'- h-´-Øn-ep-≈-
gp-Xn- F-∂p- h-cp-Øp-I-;- A-Xn-ep-]-cn-bm- ∂p- F-∂-Xv- A-\p-`-h- bm-Ym¿-Yy-am-Wv. B-\-°-b-Øn¬- Ig-n-bp-∂ ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn-
bn- C-kv-em-an-s\-°p-dn-®v- Iq-Sp-X-sem-∂p- F-√m- a-X-ß-sf-bpw- F-Xn¿-°p-∂-h-cpw- bp-sS- tNm-Zy-ßƒ-°p- ap-ºn¬- ap-kv-enw-
a-dn-bm-Ø-b-m-fp-I-sf- sX-‰n-≤-cn-∏n-°p-I,- ssZ-h\ - n-tj-[n-If- p-am-bh
- ¿- F-¥p-sIm-≠v- ]-fin-X-∑m¿-°v- D-Ø-cw- ap-´p-∂p.-
A-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bt- √- A-ßs - \-sbm-cp- Zp¿- Nn-e- a-X-°m-cp-am-bn- Iq-´p-Iq-Sp-∂p?- A¬- t\-c-sØ- kq-Nn-∏n-®- B-\-°-b-Øp-
_p-≤n- {]-tbm-Kn-®-Xv?- H-‰- sh-Sn-!- c-≠p- ]-sa-¶n-epw- B-flm-`n-am-\-ap-≈- H-cp- bp Im-c-\m-b- ap-kv-enw- k-tl-m-Z-cs≥d- \n-c-
]-£n-!-!- A-t√?- ‡n-hm-Zn-°v- A-Xn-\v- I-gn-bp-tam?- B-\- ¥-c- k-Ω-¿-Z-^-e-am-bm-Wv- P-∑-`q-an-bn¬-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 36
{]-kn-≤o-I-cn-®- c-≠p- te-J-\-ßƒ- sk- F-¥m-Wp- km¿- Cu- "k-Zm-Nm-c'-sa-∂p- ]-d-™m¬?- A-ß-s\-sbm-cm-Nm-c-ap-t≠m?
bv-Zp-ap-l-Ω-Zv- A-b-®p-X-∂-Xv-.- A-Xv- kv-t\- - Ds≠-¶n¬- B-cv- ]Tn-∏n-®p?- G-Xv- a-\p-jy-\n¿-an-X- `-u-Xn-I-\n-b-a- In-Xm-_n-em-Wv- km¿-
l-kw-hm-ZØn-\v- In-´p-∂-Xv- 2006 P-\p-h-
A-Xp-≈-Xv?- k¿-hmw-Ko-Ir-X-am-tWm- km¿- B- \n-b-a-ßƒ?- H-cp- ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn-°v- k-Zm-
cn- 14\m-Wv.- sk-bv-Zp-ap-l-Ω-Zv- B-\-°-bw-
F-∂- t]-cn¬- "ln-I-va-Øn'¬- F-s¥-gpXn-
Nm-c-sa-∂p- tXm-∂p-∂-Xv- a-s‰m-cp- ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn°v- k-Zm-Nm-c-hn-cp-≤-am-bn- tXm-∂m-\pw-
bm-epw A-Xv- bp-‡n-hm-Zn-bp-sS- P¬-]-\- km[y-Xn-bn-t√- km¿?
ß-fm-sW-∂p- a-\ - n-em-°n- ap-ke v- nw-If- pw-
A-ap-kv-enw-I-fpw- X-≈n-°-f-bpw.- A-Xn-\m- I-hm-Zn-Iƒ- ]n-¥p-S-cp-∂p-≠v.- A-Xv- sXfn- hn-a¿-iI - ≥- F-gp-Xp-∂p-:- ""C-kve - m-an¬-
em-bn-cn-°-Ww- sk-bv-Zp-ap-l-Ω-Zv- F-∂p- bn-°p-hm-\m-Wv- ap-I-fn¬- sIm-Sp-Ø- tNm- ]p-cp-j≥- k-{Xo-I-sf- hn-e-s°-Sp-°p-∂-
am-{Xw- sIm-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂X - v.- A-ßs - \-bm- Zyw- Rm≥- tNm-Zn-®-Xv.- Cu- tNm-Zyw- F-Sp- G¿-∏m-Sm-Wp-≈-Xv.- I-gn-hp-≈-h-\v- F-{X
Ip-tºmƒ- ]p-\¿-hm-b-\m-hm-Zn-bpw- ]-cn-jv Øp-≤-cn-®- bp-‡n-hm-Zn- A-Xn-\p-≈- a-dp- bp-am-Im- w.- H-tc- k-ab
- w- \m-ep-- `m-cy-am- c
- n¬-
I-c-W- Nn-¥-I-\p-am-b- G-tXm- H-cp- sk- ]-Sn- \¬-Ip-∂n-√.- A-cn-sb-{X- F-∂- tNm- Iq-Sm≥- ]m-Sn-s√-t∂-bp-≈q.- A-Xn-∂v- ]pd-
bvZ- p-ap-lΩ
- Z- v- F-∂- ap-kve - nw- F-gp-Xn-bX - m- Zy-Øn-\v- ]-b-d-™m-gn- F-∂ a-dp-]-Sn- ]-g- sa-bpw- B-sf- kzo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬- e-n-an-
sW-∂v- hm-b-\-°m¿- [-cn-°p-I-bpw- A-Xv- s©m-√m-bn- tI-Sn-t´-bp-≈q.- A-Xv- Im-Wn- ‰pw- I-¬-]-n-®n-ń-√.- C-°m-c-W-ßƒ- sIm-
hm-bn-°p-hm≥ A-hs - c- t{]-cn-∏n-°p-Ib - pw- ®p- X-cp-∂p- an-kv-‰¿- B-\-°-bw.- ""Ip-sd- ≠p-X-s∂-bm-Wv- C-kv-em-an-I- \-m-Sp-I-fn¬-
sN-øp-at- √m-!- {]-kX v- p-X- te-J\ - ß
- ƒ- Acn- hn-[n-I-fpw- hn-e-°p-fpw- D-s≠-¶n-epw- hgn- hy-`n-Nm-cw- Iq-Sp-X¬- \-S-°p-∂-Xv'-'.-
®p-s]-dp-°n- a-dp-]-Sn- ]-d-bp--hm≥- C-hn-sS- sX-‰n-t∏m-Ip∂- Z-º-Xn-am¿- ap-k-venw-Iƒ- C-kv-emw- ]p-cp-j-≥-am-tcm-Sv- kv-{Xo-°v-
ap-Xn-cp-∂n-√. A-Xn-\p- ap-Xn- ¿-∂m¬- C-sXm- °n-S-bn-ep-≠v.- A-Xp-t]m-sebp-≈- {]-iv\- hn-hm-l-aq-eyw- A-Y-hm- a-lv¿- \¬-I-W-w-
cp- Xp-S¿-te-J-\-am-bn- am-dpw.- a-dp-]-Sn-b¿- ßƒ-- ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn-bp-sS- Ip-Spw-_-Øn-epw- F-∂v- \n-jv-I¿-jn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-bn-cn-
ln-°p-∂- Nn-e- ]-cm-a¿-i-ßƒ-°p- am-{Xw- Im-Wpw''-- F-∂-m-Wv- A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- adp- °mw- k-{Xo-I-sf- hn-e-s°-Sp-°p-∂- G¿-
kw-£n-]v-X-am-b- hn-h-c-Ww- \¬-Imw.-- ]-Sn-bp-sS- Np-cp-°w- .- {]-iv\- w- D-t≠m- Ct√- ∏m-Sv- F-∂p- ]-d-™v- hn-a¿-i-I≥- I-fn-bm-
F-∂X - √- - F-s≥-d- tNm-Zyw.- A-ßs - \-sbm- °p-∂-Xv.- kv-{Xo-bp-sS- c-£n-Xm-hv- In-S-∏m-
"R-Ω-sS- `q-an- tIm-bn-ap-´-t]m-se- D-
cp- A-\p-`-h-ap-≠m-bm¬- ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn- F- Sw- ]-W-b-w- sh-®p-t]m-epw- Im-ipw- B`c-
cp-≠-Xm-Wv'-,- "]-m-‰-bn¬-\n-∂v- H-´-I-sØ-
ß-s\- {]-Xn-I-cn-°pw- F-∂-Xm-Wv.- kz-Po- W-hpw- \¬-In- i-eyw- H-gn-hm-°pw- a-ń-ep-
P-\n-∏n-®- A-√m-lp'- F-∂n-ß-s\- ]-cn-lm-
hn-X-Øn¬- A-Ø-c-sam-c-\p-`-h-ap-≠m- ≈- kv{- Xo-[\ - - k-{º-Zm-ba - m-tWm- `-uX - nI-
k-cq-t]-W-bp-≈- X-e-s°-´p-I-fm-Wv bp-
bm¬- X-ß-fp-sS- X-Øz-im-kv-{X-a-\p-k-cn- hm-Z\ - n-ba - Ø
- n-s≥-d- I-Æn¬- Iq-Sp-X¬- A-
‡n-hm-Zn- X-s≥-d- te-J-\-ßƒ-°v- \¬-In-
®v- A-Xn-s\- Aw-Ko-Ic - n-°p-tam- A-X√- - aX- `n-Im-ayw?- \m-ep- `m-cy-am-sc- Iq-Sm-sX- ""B-
bn-cn-°p-∂X - v.- F-s≥-d- a-dp-]S- n-bn¬- Rm≥-
hn-izm-kn-If - p-sS- [m¿-an-I- t_m-[t- ØmsS- sf- kzo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬- e-n-an-‰pw- I-¬-]-n-
-C-ß-s\- tNm-Zn-®n-cp-∂p-:- ""-ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn,-
A-Xn-\v- X-S-bn-Sp-tam?- a-dp-]-Sn- ]-d-bm-tam- ®n-ń-√'-'- F-∂v- H-gp-°≥- a-ń¬- ]-d-™p-
\n-co-iz-c-hm-Zn,- bp-‡n-hm-Zn- F-∂o- t]-cp-
km¿?- t]m-bX - v- a-s‰m-cp- kq-{Xw.- hn-iZ- o-Ic
- n-®m¬-
I-fn¬- A-dn-bs - ∏-Sp∂-hs - c-√mw- H-tc- P\p-
n¬- s]-Sp-∂h - c
- m-Wt- √-m.- Cu- P-\p- n¬- ""ssZ-hn-I-''- \n-b-a-ß-fn¬- a-m-{X-a-√- a- X-s≥-d- e-£yw- \-S° - n-√t- √m.- ""C-°m-cW
s]-Sp-∂- G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cmƒ- X-s≥-d- ho- \p-jy-\n¿-an-X- `-u-Xn-I-\n-b-a-ß-fnepw- k- -ßƒ- sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bm-Wv- C-kv-em-an-I-
ń-te-°v- I-b-dn-h-cp-tºm¿- X-s≥-d- C-W- Zm-Nm-c-hn-cp-≤- {]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ- X-S-bp- \-m-Sp-I-fn¬- hy-`n-Nm-cw- Iq-Sp-X¬- \-S-°p-
a-s‰m-cp- ]p-cp-j-s≥-d- Iq-sS- i-bn-°p-∂Xp- hm≥- \n-ba - ß- fp- --- ≠v'- '-˛ ù-Xn-Ih
- m-Zn-bpsS- ∂-Xv''- F-∂- ]-cm-a¿-iw- B-cp-sS- I-W-
Im-WpI-bm-sW-¶n¬- F-¥m-Wp- sN-øp- hm-°p-I-fm-Wn-Xv.- F-¥m-Wp- km¿- Cu- s°-Sp-∏n-s≥-d- A-Sn-kvY - m-\Ø - n-em-Wv?- A-
I?- ""_-te- t`-jv-!- \-∂m-bn-!- ù-Xn-I-hmZw- "k-Zm-Nm-c'-sa-∂p- ]-d-™m¬?- A-ß-s\- ‘-am-b- hn-tcm-[-a-√m-sX- a-s‰-¥v- h-kv-Xp-
hn-P-bn-°-s´;- Zp-jn-®- a-X-Nn-¥- \-in-°- sbm-cm-Nm-ca - p-t≠m?- D-s≠-¶n¬- B-cv- ]Tn- X-bm-Wv- Cu- ]-cm-a¿-i-Øn-\p- ]n-∂n¬?-
s´''-- F-s∂m-s°- ]-d-™v- A-h¿-°v- Nq-Sp- ∏n-®p?- G-Xv- a-\p-jy-\n¿-an-X- `-u-Xn-I-\n- tZ-io-b- h-cp-am-\-Øn-s≥-d- {]-[m-\- t{km-
≈- _Zmw- an¬-°v- sIm-≠p-t]m-bn-s°m- b-a- In-Xm-_n-em-Wv- km¿- A-Xp-≈-Xv?- X- v- hy-`n-Nm-c-am-b- Xm-bv-e≥-dp-t]-m-se-
Sp-°p-tam,- A-tXm- sIm-Sp-hm-fp-am-bn- A- k¿-hmw-Ko-Ir-X-am-tWm- km¿- B- \n-b-a- bp-≈- cm-Py-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v- ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn-
h-cp-sS- ap-ºn¬- Nm-Sn- ho-gp-tam?- hn-a¿-i- ßƒ?- H-cp- ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn-°v- k-Zm-Nm-c-sa- km-ln-_n-\v- A-dn-hn-s√-¶n¬- kz-¥w- B-
I≥- F-¥p-]-d-bp-∂p?-''- ∂p- tXm-∂p-∂X - v- a-s‰m-cp- ù-Xn-Ih - m-Zn°v- Nm-cy-\m-b- C-S-adp-In-s≥-d- bm-{Xm-hn-h-c-
k-Zm-Nm-ch - n-cp-≤a - m-bn- tXm-∂m-\pw- km[y- W-sa-¶n-ep-sam-∂v- hm-bn-®p-t\m-°p-I.- k¿-
kz-X-{¥-c-Xn -hm-Zn-If-- m-W-v ù-Xn-I-hm-
X-bn-t√- km¿?- k-Zm-Nm-c-sa-∂- "a-Æm-¶- h-X{- ¥- kz-X{- ¥- c-Xn-bp-sS- h-‡m-°f - mb-
Zn-Iƒ.- C-jSv- a
- p-≈- hy-‡n-If - p-am-bn- ssew-
´'-bp-s≠-¶n¬- "R-Ω-s≥-d'- D-kv-Xm-Zp-am¿- ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn-I-fp-sS- cm-Pyw- h-∂m¬- A-
Kn-I- _-‘-Øn-te¿-s∏-Smw;- A-Xn¬- bm-
D-b¿-Øn-∏n-Sn-®- "Xn-∂p-I,- Ip-Sn-°p-I,- c- hn-sS- \-S-°p-∂- "C-S-]m-S-p-I'-fp-sS- t]-sc-
sXm-cp- hn-[- hn-e-°p-I-fpw- B-i-b-X-e-
an-°p-I'- F-∂- ap-{Zm-hm-Iyw- sh-≈-Øn- ¥m-bn-cn-°pw?-
Øn¬- A-h¿-°n-S-bn-en-√.- F-∂m¬- AXv-
e-en-bn-t√- km¿?- C-Xn-\p-≈- a-dp-]S- n-bn¬- C-kv-em-an-se- km-º-Øn-I- hy-h-kv-
{]m-h¿-Øn-I-am-°p-hm≥- A-h¿- X-bm-dm-
`-uX- n-I\
- n-ba - ß
- f - n-se- k-Zm-Nm-cØ - n-s≥d- Ybn¬- \yq-\X - - I-s≠-Øp-∂- ù-Xn-Ih
- m-
tWm?- A-√-;- Im-c-Ww- a-Xw- ]-Tn-∏n-°p-∂-
H-cp- ]-ń-I- sIm-Sp-°m-tam?- Zn-°v- G-sXm-cp- km-º-Øn-I- hy-h-kvY-
Nn-e- aq-ey-ßƒ- A-dn-bm-sX- X-s∂- ùXn-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 37
bm-Wv- ]-Ic - w- \n¿-tZ-in-°p-hm-\p-≈X - v?- I- ap-kv-enw-I-tfm-Sv- ""C-h-scm-s°- G-Xv- \q-‰m-≠n-em-Wm-thm- Po-hn-°p-∂-Xv ''- F-∂p- tNm-Zn
ayq-Wn-kw- ap-t∂m-´p- sh-°p-∂tXm?- Iayp- °p-∂- hn-a¿-i-I-t\m-Sv- Xn-cn-®v- tNm-Zn-°-s´-:- Xm-¶ƒ- G-Xp- tem-I-Øm-Wv- Po-hn-®p
Wn-kv-‰p- km-º-Øn-I- kn-≤m-¥w- D-t´m-
sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv-?- k-º-∂¿- k-lm-bn-®m¬- B-cpw- kz-¥w- Im-en¬- \n¬-°m≥-
]y≥- kn-≤-m¥-am-sW-∂v- Im-ew- sX-fn-bn-
®p- I-gn-™n-cn-s°- ]p-Xn-b- h-√X - p-ap-t≠m- {]m]v-X-\mIn-t√?- A-ß-s\-sb-m-cp- Im-cyw- tem-I-Øv-
Nq-≠-n°m-Wn-°p-hm-≥?- kz-Ø-v k-ºm-Zn- C-t∂-h-sc- \-S-∂n-t´-bn-t√?-
°p-∂-Xn-\v- ]-cn-[n- \-n-iv-N-bn-°-W-sa-∂m- ¿- X-s≥-d- k-º-Øv- k-Zv-I¿-a-ßƒ-°m-bn- {]m-]-©n-I- h-kv-Xp-°-sf-√mw- H-∂n-®v- H‰-
Wv- hn-a¿-iI - s - ≥-d-- hm-Zs
- a-¶n- ¬,- ]m-hß - ƒ- D-]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬- F-√m-h¿-°pw- ]-Zm¿-Y-Øn-s≥-d- `m-K-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw-
[m-cm-f-ap-≠m-bn-cn-s°- A-bmƒ-°v- h-√- t£-ssa-iz-cy-ßƒ- t\-Sm≥- I-gn-bp-sa-∂- B- B-Zn-]-Zm¿-Y-Øn-¬-\-n-∂v- th¿-s]-´m-
Xpw- [¿-aw- sIm-Sp-Øv- [-\m-Vy¿- [-\m- [m-c-W-bm-Wv- ap-k-venw-Iƒ- sh-®p-]p-e¿- Wv- B-Im-i-tKm-f-ß-fpw- `q-an-bp-sa-√mw- D-
Vycm-bn-s°m-≠p-X-s∂- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂-
Øp-∂-Xv''.- ≠m-b-Xv- F-∂p-ap-f-f-- h-kv-Xp-X- im-kv-{X-
Xv- i-cn-b-√- F-∂v- ]-d-bp-∂p-sh-¶n¬- kz-
ap-kv-enw-I-tfm-Sv- ""C-h-scm-s°- G-Xv- tem-IØ - v- A-hn-X¿-°n-Xa - m-b- Im-cy-am-Wv.-
¥w- Po-hn-X-Øn¬- H-cp- am-‰w- h-cp-Øp-
\q-‰m-≠n-em-Wm-thm- Po-hn-°p-∂-Xv''- F- A-Xn-te-°p-≈- hy-‡a - m-b- kq-N\ - b
- m-Wv-
hm≥- Xm-¶ƒ- X-bm-dm-Ip-tam?- ""....-k-º-
∂p- tNm-Zn-°p-∂- hn-a¿-i-I-t\m-Sv- Xn-cn-®v- Jp¿-B-\n-se- 21:-30 kq-‡w- \¬-Ip-∂-Xv.-
Øp- Ip-∂p-Iq-´p-∂-h-cp-sS- Zm-\-[¿-a-Øn-
tNm-Zn-°s - ´-:- Xm-¶ƒ- G-Xp- tem-IØ - m-Wv- Jp¿-B≥- sX-‰m-sW-∂p- kvY - m-]n-°p-hm≥-
\v- ssI-\o-t´-≠-h-c-√- a-\p-jy-sc-∂pw- F-
Po-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv-?- k-º-∂¿- k- th-≠n- Aw-Ko-Ir-X- im-kv-{X- kn-≤m-¥-
√m-h-cpw- A-\p-`-hn-t°-≠- k-º-Øv- k-a-
lm-bn-®m¬- B-cpw- kz-¥w- Im-en¬- \n¬- ß-sf t]m-epw- X-≈n-∏-d-tb-≠n- h-cp-∂-
`-m-h-\-tbm-sS- ssI-Im-c-yw- sN-tø-≠-Xm-
°m≥- {]m-]v-X-\mIn-t√?- A-ß-s\-sb-m- A-hk - Yv- - ù-Xn-Ih
- m-Zn-bm-bm¬- h-cp-sa∂
sW-∂pw-.... A-Xv- a-\p-jy-s≥-d- A-h-Im-
cp- Im-cyw- tem-I-Øv- C-t∂-h-sc- \-S-∂n- ¿-Yw.-
i-am-sW-∂pw- hm-Zn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv- ù-Xn-
I-hm-Zn-Iƒ-''- F-∂v- ]-d-bp-∂- hn-a¿-i-I≥- t´-bn-t√?- A-‘-am-b- hn-tcm-[w- a-\p-jy- "`q-an- H-cp- tKm-fa - m-sW-∂v- te-mI - P
- \ - X-
"I-dX- o-¿∂
- - ù-Xn-Ih - m-Zn'--bm-Wt- √m.- Xm¶- s\-s°m-≠v- F-¥pw- ]-dbn-∏n-°p-sa-∂-Xn- Xn-cn-®-dn-™n-´v- A-™q-tdm-fw- h¿-j-ß-
fp-sS- k-º-Øv- "F-√m-h¿-°pw- k-a-`m-h- \v- C-Xn¬-]-cw- sX-fn-sh-¥m-Wv?- ]-en-i- sf- B-bn-´p-≈q- '- F-∂pw- A-t±-lw- k-ΩXn-
\-tbm-sS- ss-II - m-cyw- sN-øp-hm≥'-- th-≠n- c-ln-X-am-b- C-kv-em-an-I- km-º-Øn-I- hy- °p-∂p-≠v.- 1400 h¿-jw- ap-ºp-Xs - ∂- AXn
a-e¿-s°- Xp-d-∂p-h-®n´p-t≠-m?- k-a-`m-h- h-kv-Y- C-∂v- tem-I-Øn¬- ]-c-s°- N¿-®- t- e-°p- Jp¿-B≥- kq-N\ - - \¬-In-bn-´p- s - ≠-
\-bp-sS- t]-cpw- ]-d-™v- h-√-h-\pw- h-∂v- sN-ø-s∏-´-p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.- ap-kv- ∂- h-kv-Xp-X- Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p-hm-\p-≈-
A-Xn¬- I-øn-´p-hm-cm≥- {i-an-®m¬- ""F-S-p- enw-I-f-√m-Ø- km-º-Øn-I- im-kv-{X-⁄ ssh-a-\-k-yØ -- m¬- A-√m-lp-hn-s\-bpw-
tØm-fq,- F-Sp-tØm-fq,- H-∂pw- t]-Sn-t°- ¿- A-Xn-s\- ]p-I-gv-Øn-∏-d-bp-I-bpw- Nq-j- Jq¿-B-s\-bpw- ]-c-am-h-[n- ]-cn-l-kn-®p-
≠,- Rm-s\m-cp- ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn-bm-Wv. C-Xv- Wm-[n-jv-Tn-X-a-√m-Ø- B- hy-h-kv-Y- P-\- sIm-≠v- hn-a¿-i-I≥- F-gp-Xp-∂-Xv- Im-Wp-
\n-ßƒ-°pw- A-\p-`-hn-°p-hm-\p-≈-Xm- tIm-Sn-I¿-°v- B-izm-k-am-sW-∂v- {]-Jym- I:- ""Jp¿-B\ - n¬- `q-an-sb-°p-dn-®pw- BIm-
Wv''- F-∂p- ]-d-™v- Xm-¶-fp-sS- k-º-Øv- ]n-°p-Ib - pw- sN-bX v- p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.- C- i-sØ-°p-dn-®pw- \m--\q-dn¬-]-cw- kq-‡-
"ssI-Im-cyw'-- sN-øp-hm≥- A-h-sc- k-Ω- kv-em-an-I- _m-¶nw-Kv- k-{º-Zm-bw- ]-e- cm- ß-fn¬- B-h¿-Øn-®v- ]-cm-a¿-in-°p-tºm-
Xn-°p-tam;-- A-X-√- Xm-¶-ƒ- A-h-sc- "ssI- jv-{S-ß-fpw- Xp-S-ßn-°-gn-™p.- F-∂n-´pw- sg-¶n-epw- A√m-lp-hn-\v- C-ßs - \- ]-d™ - p-
Im-cyw'-- sN-øp-tam?- A-dn-bm≥- Iu-Xp-Iap- _-lp-am-\-s∏-´- h-a¿-i-I≥- Iq-]-a-fiq-I- sIm-Sp-°m-am-bn-cp-∂p-:- ""A-√- ap-a-Ω-sZ,-
≠v.- X-c-t°-Sn-√m-Ø- km-º-Øn-I- `-{Z-X- a-\-kv-Yn-Xn- sh-®p- ]p-e¿-Øp-∂p- F-∂p- ÷v- ß-s\- ]-d-™p-sIm-Sp-°v.- R-Ω-fp-
bpw- `q-kz-Øp-sam-s°-bp-≈- Xm-¶s - f-t∏m- ]-d-tb-≠n- h-∂-Xn¬- tJ-Z-ap-≠v.- ≠m-°n-b- `q-an- ]-c-∂-X-√.- A-Xv- tIm-bn-
ep-≈- bp-‡n-h-m-Zn-Iƒ- F-t¥- A-sXm- \-a-kv-I-m-c-hpw- t\m-ºp-sam-s°- A-\p- ap-´t- ]mse- D-cp-≠X - m-Wv''.-- `q-an-bp-sS- tKm-
s°- ]m-h-ßƒ-°v- ho-Xw-sh-®v- kz-b-sam- jv-Tn-°p-∂-hcpw- {]-Ir-Xn-Zp-c-¥-ß-fn¬- a- fm-Ir-Xn-bn-te-°v- kq-N-\- \¬-Ip-∂- kq-
cp- tkm-jy-en-kv‰ - m-Ip-hm≥- X-bm-dm-Ip-∂n- cn-°p-∂-Xn¬- hn-a¿-I≥- th-h-em-Xn- sIm- ‡-ßf - n¬- Nn-eXv- F-SpØp- ]-d™ - v- Ah
√?- A-h-\h-\v- sN-øp-hm≥- I-gn-bm-Ø- ≈p-∂p-≠v.- A-Xn-s≥-d-- B-hi - yw- G-Xm-bm- A-ß-s\- a-\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂n-√- F-∂v-
Imcyw- a-‰p-≈-h¿- sN-ø-W-sas∂-t¥- ep-an-√.- hn-izm-kn-Iƒ-°v- A-Xv- Dƒ-s°m- ]-d-™p-sIm-≠v- aq-∂mgv-N-Iƒ-°p-ti-jw
C{X- hm-in?- Xm≥- sN-øp-∂-Xp- Xs-∂bm- ≈-p-hm≥- I-gn-bm-Ø- {]-iv-\-an-√.- a-c-W- ho-≠pw- hn-a¿-i-I≥- F-gp-Xp-∂p-≠v.- A-
Wv- a-‰p-≈-h¿- sN-øp-∂-sX-¶n-epw- A-h¿- sa-∂- bm-Ym¿-YysØ- C-√m-sX-bm-°-p- t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- B-Nm-cy-∑m¿- F-gp-Xn- sh-
sN-øp-∂X - - v- sX-‰pw- Rm≥- sN-øp-∂X - - v- icn- hm≥- h-√-Xpw- ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn-Iƒ I-≠p-]n- ®-Xv- B-h¿-Øn-s®-gp-Xm≥- "s]-cp-Øv'- _p-
bpw- F-∂-Xv- B-cp-sS- \n-b-a-am-Wv?- Sn-®-n´pt≠m?- F-¶n-te- a-c-W-sØ-°p-dn- ≤-n-sbm-∂pw- B-h-iy-an-√-t√m.- J-p¿-B-\n-
hn-a¿-i-I≥- F-gp-Xp-∂p-:- ""A-K-Xn-Iƒ- ®v- N¿®- sN-tø-≠-Xp-≈q.- s\- A-ht-l-fn-°mw-;- "ln-Iv-a-Øn-\v'-- hn-j-
°pw- A- \ m- Y ¿- ° p- s am- s °- k- º - ∂ ¿- b-hp-am-bn-!
B-Im-i-`q-an-Iƒ- B-Zy-w- H-ń-t®¿-∂-
klmb-[\ - w- sIm-SpØp-sIm-≠v- A-hs - c- Xm-bn-cp-∂p- F-∂- Jp¿-B-\n-I- `-m-jyw- a-\p-tjym¬-]-Øn-sb-°p-dn-®p-≈- Jp
kz-¥w- Im-en¬- \n¬-°m≥- {]m-]v-X-\m- sX-‰m-sW-∂v- im-kv{- Xw- sX-fn-bn-®n-´p-s≠- ¿-B-\n-I- hn-i-Zo-I-W-ß-sf- I-W-°-‰v- I-
°m≥- I-gn-bp-sa-∂v- tXm-∂p-∂n-√''-.- ∂v- ]-d-bp-∂- hn-a¿-i-I-s≥-d- i-m-kv-{Xm-h- fn-bm-°p-∂p-≠v- hn-a¿-iI
- ≥.- ]-cn-Wm-ak
- n-
""]-en-i- \n-tcm-[n-®p-sIm-≠v- ]-W°m t_m-[s - Ø-- A-`n-\μ
- n-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.- ≤m-¥w- sh-√p-hn-fn-°-s∏-´- im-kv-{X-\-n-co-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 38
£-W-am-sW-∂- A-`n-{]m-bw- A¿-Y-iq-\y- ""]m-d-bn¬-\n∂v- B-\-sb- D-≠m-°m≥- A-√m-lp-hn-\v- I-gn-bp-sa-∂v- "B-i-b-kw-hm-Zw'-
am-sW-∂pw- A-t±lw- X-ń-hn-Sp-∂p-≠v.- X- te-J-I≥-- [z-\n-∏n-°p-∂- p-''- F-s∂-gp-Xnb- hn-a¿-i-I≥- a-\- n-em-°p-I-;- ]m-d-bn¬-\n-∂- v- -
s≥-d- X-e-sXm-´-∏-∑m-cm-b- ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn-
N-n-¥-I-∑m-cp-sS- {K-Ÿ-ß-ƒ- am-{Xw- hm-bn- B-\-sb- am-{X-a-√-;- "B-\-°-b'-Øn¬-\n-∂v- B-asb-bpw- B-a-bn¬-\n-∂v- B-\-sb-bpw-
®m¬- C-ß-s\-sbm-s°- ]-d-tb-≠- K-Xn- kr-j-vSn-°p-hm≥- {]-]©-\m-Y-\v- H-cp- {]-bm-k-hp-ap-≠m-In-√.-
tI-Sp-≠m-hp-w.- im-kv-{X-tem-I-sØ- N-e-
\-ßƒ- a-\ - n-em-°m≥- {i-an-°m-sX- Jp¿- °p-∂-sX-∂-dn-™m¬- sIm-≈-mw.- B-sc- L-SI- ß
- ƒ- H-fn-∏n-®p-sh-®X
- v?- B-sc-gp-Xn-
B-\n-s\- hn-a¿-in-°p-∂-Xv- am-{Xw- sXm- ¶n-epw- F-gp-Xn-hn-´- A-_≤
- w- sXm-≠- sXm- sh-®p- A-Xv?- G-sXm-cp- B-I-kv-an-I-X-bv-
gn-em-°n- \-S-∂m¬- C-Xpw- C-Xn-e-∏p-d-hpw- Sm-sX- hn-gp-ßp-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºv- A-sXm-s°- °m-Wv- C-Øc - Ø
- n-ep-≈- A-]m-ca - m-b- Ign-
]-d-bpw.- i-cn-bm-tWm- F-∂v- H-∂v- ]-cn-tim-[n-®p-Iq- hp-≈-Xv?-
I-Æpw- Im-Xp-a-S-®v- C-kv-em-an-s\- hna tS?- F-∂m¬- C-Ø-c-Øn-ep-≈- A-_-≤- C- k v - e m- a n- s \- hn- a ¿- i n- ° p- ∂ - X n¬-
¿-in-°p-I- F-∂-Xv- Po-hn-X-N-cy-bm°n- am- ß-fn¬- sN-∂v- Nm-Sp-tam?-- ""]m-d-bn¬-\n∂v- B\-μw- I-s≠-Øp-Ib - pw- A-Xn-\m-bn- F-
‰n-b- hn-a¿-i-I-t\m-Sv- k-hn-\-bw- H-cp- Im- B-\-sb- D-≠m-°m≥- A-√m-lp-hn-\v- I-gn- ¥pw- F-gp-Xn- hn-Sp-I-bpw- A-h- kz-¥w- hm-
cyw- D-W¿-Øs - ´.- F-¥n-s\-bm-tWm- hna¿- bp--sa-∂v- "B-i-b-kw-hm-Zw'- te-J-I≥-- [z- bn-®v- l¿-j-]p-f-In-X-\m-hp-I-bpw- sN-bv-
in-°p-∂-Xv- A-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®v- B-Z-y-w- ]-Tn- \n-∏n-°p-∂p--''- F-s∂-gp-Xnb- hn-a¿-i-I≥- Xm¬- t]m-cm,- A-h- {]-kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-
°-Ww- F-∂-Xv- H-cp- km-am-\y- a-cy-m-Z-bm- a-\- n-em-°p-I-;- ]m-d-bn¬-\n-∂v- -- -B-\-sb- ]-{X- am-kn-II-fn-se- a-‰p- te-J-\-ß-fpw-
Wv.- B-sc-¶n-eq-w- ]-d™ - p-sh-®X- v- A-_≤- am-{X-a-√-;- B-\-°-b-Øn¬-\n-∂v- B-asb- hm-bn-°-W-sa-∂m-Wv- k-hn-\-bw- D-W¿-
am-tWm- kp-_-≤-am-tWm- F-∂p-t]m-epw- bpw- B-a-bn¬-\n-∂v- B-\-sb-bpw- kr-j-v Øm-\p-≈-Xv.- \n¿-Po-h- h-kv-Xp-°-fn¬- \n-
t\m-°m-sX- X-ń-hn-Sp-∂X - v- _p-≤n-b√ - ;- - bp Sn-°p-hm≥- {]-]©-\m-Y-\v- H-cp- {]-bm-k- ∂v- Po-h-\p-≈-h-sb- kr-jv-Sn-°p-hm≥- im-
‡n-bp-a-√.- ssk-Zp-ap-lΩ-Zv- B-\-°-bw- hp-ap-≠m-In-√.- kv-{X-Øn-\v- I-gn-bp-sa-∂v- ho-ºp-]-d-bp-∂-
F-∂- ù-Xn-I-hm-Zn-bp-sS- A-⁄-X-bp-sS-
""Jp¿B≥ Bi-bØ - n\v hncp-≤a - mbn ù-XnI-hm-Zn- Xm-sg- sIm-Sp-°p-∂- D-≤-c-
bpw- A-{i-Zv-[-bp-sS-bp-w- B-g-a-dn-b-W-sa-
\n¿P-oh hkvXp-°-fn¬ \n∂v Poh≥ Wn-Iƒ- H-∂p- Im-Wp-I-:-
¶n¬- A-t±-lw- F-gp-Xn-b- Xm-sg-s°m-Sp-
D≠m-°m≥ Ign-bp-sa-∂mWv imkv{Xw ""ssP-h- h-kv-Xp-°ƒ- A-ssP-h -h-kv-
Ø- hm-N-Iw- Im-Wp-I-:- ""A-√m-lp- \q-lv-
Is≠-Øn-bn-´p-≈X - v. k¶-ch- n-Øn-\ß - ƒ Xp-°f - n¬-\n-∂pw- kz-bt- a- D-≠m-Ip-∂p- F-
\-_n-bp-sS- {]-hm-NI - X - zw- s]m-Xp-P\ - ß- ƒ-
apX¬ t¢mWnßv Pohn-Iƒhsc a\pjy ∂- "]q-tj-'-bp-sS- \n-K-a-\-sØ- eq-bn- ]m-
°v- Im-Wn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥- Ip-sd- A-¤p-
s‚ krjvSn-I-fm-Wv''- F-∂-,- -hn-a¿-i-I- kv®- ¿- sX-fn-hp-kl - n-Xw- F-Xn¿-Øn-´p-≠v.-
X- Ir-Xy-ß-ƒ- sN-bv-Xn-´p-s≠∂v- Jp-dm≥-
s≥d- {]-kv-Xm-h-\- hym-tam-l-Øn¬-\-n-∂v- {^-©v- A-°m-Z-an- Hm-^v- k-b≥-k-kv-,-
X-s∂- hn-h-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.- A-Xn-sem-∂v-
D-S-se-Sp-Ø-Xm-Wv.- B-\-bn¬-\n-∂v- ]m- kzb-ta-h-bp-≈- ssP-thm-ev-]-Øn-sb-°p-
]md-bn¬-\n-∂v- H-´-I-sØ- kr-jv-Sn-®- IY-
d-sb-bpw- ]m-d-bn¬-\n-∂v- B-\-sb-bpw- D- dn-®p-≈- G-‰-hpw- \-√- te-J-\-Øn-\p-≈-
bm-Wv.- K¿-bm-ib - Ø- n¬- Ip-™v- ]p-dØ - p-
≠m-°p-hm≥- im-kv-{X-Øn-\p- I-gn-bpw- F- A-hm¿-Uv- (1862)- eq-bo- ]m-kv-®-dn-\m-Wp-
h-cp-∂-Xp-t]m-se- ]m-d- ]n-f¿-∂m-Wv- H-´-
∂-p- tXm-∂n-t∏m-Ipw- B- hm-°p-I-fn¬- \n- \-ev-In-b-Xv.- A-Xn¬- A-t±-lw- k-a¿-Yn-
Iw- ]p-d-Ø-p-h-∂-sX-∂v- Jp-dm≥- A-h-Im-
∂v.- Po-h≥- t]m-b- H-cp- Ip-™p-dp-ºn-s\- °p-∂-Xv- ssP-h- h-kv-Xp-°ƒ- A-ssP-h-
i-s∏-Sp-∂p''.- -
¶n-epw- Po-h≥- \¬-Ip-hm≥- tem-IØ - p-≈- h-kv-Xp-°-fn¬-\n-∂pw- kz-b-ta- D-≠m-Ip-
\q-lv- \-_n-bp-sS- {]-hm-N-I-Xzw- s]m- k-Ie - a
- m-\- im-kv{- X-⁄c - pw- ap-gp-h≥- ù-
Xp-P-\-ßƒ-°v- Im-Wn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥- ∂n-√- F-∂m-Wv''- (-"bp-‡n-tc-J'-- am-kn-I,-
Xn-I-hm-Zn-I-fpw- {i-an-®m¬- \-S-°p-tam?''- 2005 sk-]v-‰w-_¿).-- -
Ip-sd-- A-¤p-X- Ir-Xy-ß-ƒ- sN-bv-Xn-´p-
s≠∂v- "Jp-dm≥'- X-s∂- hn-h-cn-°p-∂p F-s≥-d- Cu- tNm-Zy-Øn-\v- D-Ø-cw- ""eq-bo- ]m-kv-®-dp-sS- ta¬- hn-h-cn-®-
s≠-¶n¬- B- kq-‡-ßƒ- G-sXm-s°- \¬-Im-sX- t¢m-Wnw-Kn-s\-°p-dn-®m- W - v- hn- ]-co-£-W-ßƒ- ssP-h-h-kv-Xp-°-fn¬-\n-
sb-∂v- Xm-¶-ƒ-°- v- Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°m-tam?- a¿-i-I≥- N¿-®- sN-øp-∂-Xv.- ""Po-h-s≥-d- ∂v- am-{X-sa- Po-hn-Iƒ- D-≠m-Iq- F-∂- kn-
\q-lv- \-_n-bp-sS- {]-hm-N-I-Xzw- sX-fn-b- kq-£v-a- L-S-I-am-b- tIm-i-ß-fp-sS- k- ≤m-¥w- (biogenesis)- i-cn-bm-sW-∂v- sX-
Xn-°p-hm≥- ]m-d-bn¬-\n-∂v- A-√m-lp- H-´- lm-b-Øm-e-t√- t¢mWnßv \-S-°p-∂-Xv?- fn-bn-®p.- A-Xv- sX-‰m-sW-∂v- sX-fn-bn°m
I-sØ- kr-jv-Sn-®p- F-∂v- `q-ap-J-Øp-≈- H-cp- a-W¬-X-cn-sb-Sp-Øv- t¢mWnßv \-S- ≥- th-≠n- ]n-∂o-S-v \-S-∂- F-√m- {i-a-ß-
G-Xv- Jp¿B--\n¬- Im-Wn-®p-X-cp-hm≥- hn- Øn- ]p-Xn-sb-mc - p- Po-hn-sb- D-≠m-°p-hm≥- fpw- ]-cm-Pb- s
- ∏-Sp-Ib
- mW-p≠- m-bX
- v''- (-"bp-
a¿-i-I-\v- I-gn-bpw?- A-ß-s\-sbm-cp- kw- I-gn-bp-tam?''- F-∂- tNm-Zy-hpw- D-Øc - w- In- ‡n-tc-J'-- am-kn-I,- 2005 Un-kw-_¿).-
`-hw- \-S-°p-∂-Xv- kzm-en-lv- \-_n-bp-sS- ´m-sX- In-S-°p-∂p!-
A-√m-lp- Cu-- {]-]© - Ø - n-s≥-d- {kjv-
Im-e-Øm-Wv.- F-∂m¬- A-Xn-epw- ""K¿-`-m- ""Po-h-s≥-d- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\- L-S-I-ß-fm- Sm-hm-Wv.- C-√m-bv-a-bn¬-\n-∂v- F-¥pw- kr-
i-bØ - n¬- Ip-™v- ]p-dØ - p-hc - p-∂X - p-t]m- b- Po-\p-Iƒ- 4 A-£-c-ßƒ- sIm-≠m-Wv- jv-Sn-°p-hm≥- I-gn-hp-≈- A-h-s\- kw-_-
se-''- ]m-d- ]n-f¿-∂m-Wv- H-´-Iw- ]p-d-Ø-p-h- F-gp-X-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂X-v.- F.- -kn. -Sn. -Pn F- ‘n-®n- S- t- Øm-fw- \n¿-Po-h- h-kXv- p-hn¬- \n-
∂-sX-∂v- ]-d-bp-∂n-√.- A-Xv- hn-a¿-i-I- ∂n-h-bm-W-h''- F-∂v- F-gp-Xp-∂- ù-Xn-I- ∂v- Po-h-\p-≈-h-sb- D-Z-v]m-Zn-∏n-°p-hm≥-
s≥d- hI-bm-bp-≈- "]m-d-sh-®'- \p-W-bm- hm-Zn-tbm-Sv- tNm-Zn-°-s´;-- B-cm-Wv- B- \m- F-¥v- {]-bm-k-amWp-≈-Xv?-
Wv.- G-Xv- Jp¿-B\m-Wv- Xm-¶ƒ- hm-bn- ev- A-£-c-ß-fn¬- A-Xn-k-¶o¿-W-am-b-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 39
z A√m-lp -t\-csØ Xocp-am-\n-®-Xp-sIm-≠t√ Bfp-Iƒ
? ]ng-®p-t]m-Ip-∂Xv?
z hy‡n-]-c-amb ]cm-a¿i-ap≈ Jp¿-B≥ kq‡-ß-fn¬
temI¿°v am¿K-Z¿i-\-apt≠m?
z I¨-sI-´pw- B`n-Nm-chpw-
z J_vdn¬ Cl-tem-IsØ Ah-ÿ-bmtWm?
Iq-Sn-°m-gv-N-
tNm-Zyw-: F√m a\p-jy-scbpw kr -≥ th≠n BXvam¿Y-ambn {ian-®m hp-I-bn-√.- {]]-©-Øn¬ sNdpXpw hep-
jvSn®v Ah-cpsS hn[n-Iƒ \n›- epw Rm≥ \∂m-In√; A√mlp X-amb GXv Imcyw kw`-hn-°p-∂Xpw
bn®v A√mlp \sΩ `qan-bnte°v- F\n°v CXmWv ]t≠ IW-°m- Ah≥ \n›bn-®X - \
- p-kc
- n-®m-Wv. CXn¬
am‰w-h-cp-Øm≥ krjvSn-I-fn¬ B¿°pw
Ab-®p. AXn¬ _p≤n-Po-hn-I-fpw, °n- b - s X∂v ]cn- X - ] n- ° p- ∂ - h ¿
km[y-a-√. ""`qan-bntem \nß-fpsS tZl-
_p≤n Ipd-™-hcpw Idp-Ø-h-cpw [mcm-f-ap-≠v. Ah¿°pw F\n°pw ß-fn¬ Xs∂tbm bmsXm-cm-]Øpw _m
shfp-Øh - c
- pw F√mhcp-ap-≠v. Nne A√mlphn-s‚ "hn[n'- F¥m-sW [n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn-ń√; AXns\ \mw
¿ \√ kz`m-h-°m¿, a‰p-Nn-e¿ No ∂v a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-hm≥ Xmev D≠m-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv Xs∂ Hcp tcJ-
Ø kz`m-h° - m¿.- Aßs\ A√mlp- ]cy-s∏-Sp-∂p. bn¬ Dƒs]´p-I-gn-™-Xm-bn-´-√m-sX. Xo
hns‚ "JZ-m-Av' A\p-k-cn-®m-W -˛Xm-ln¿-, Cu-cm-‰p-t]-´- ¿®-bmbpw AXv A√m-lpsh kw_-‘n-
t√m \mw Pohn®pt]mIp-∂-Xv. \ t®-S-tØmfw Ffp-∏-ap-≈-Xm-Ip-∂p'' (hn.-
∂m-°m≥ (c-£n-°m≥) A√mlp D--Ø-cw-: A√mlp k¿h-⁄\pw k¿ Jp¿-B≥- 57:22).-
Xocp-am-\n-®-h¿- -am-{Xsa \-∂m-Iq.- h-i-‡-\p-am-sW∂v hnip≤ Jp¿B\n A√m-lp-hns‚ Xocp-am-\-amWv ]c-
\ntj-[mXv-aI-amtbm sh√p-hn-fn se At\Iw kq‡-ßƒ \ap°v a\- n- ahpw \n¿W-m-b-I-hp-sa∂v hy‡am°p
bm- t bm Ckv - e - m - a ns\ ImWp- ∂ - em-°n-Ø-cp-∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ Adnhv ∂ Jp¿B\n¬ Xs∂ a\p-jy-cpsS A`n-
h¿°v B am\-kn-Im-hÿ A√m Hcn-°epw sX‰m-hp-I-bn-√. Ahs‚ bm {]m-b˛- {- ]-h¿Ø\ kzmX-{¥y-sØ kw_-
lphm-Wt√m \¬Ip-∂X - v. \∂m-Im- sXmcp Xocp-am-\hpw \S-∏m-°m-sX-t]m- ‘n®v A√mlp hy‡-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn®n-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 40
´p-≠v. ""]d-bp-I. kXyw \nß-fpsS c£n- Xv icn-b-√. \ΩpsS ]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ Adn A√m-lp-thm-Sp≈ IS-∏m-Sp-Iƒ a\-
Xm-hn-¶¬ \n∂p-≈X - m-Ip-∂p. AXn-\m¬ ™pw- AwKo-I-cn-®p-w- sIm≠v \ΩpsS n-em-°n-s°-m≠v \akvImchpw _en
CjvSa - p-≈h- ¿ hniz-kn-°s - ´. CjvSa
- p-≈- apºn-ep≈ km[y-XI- ƒ Is≠-Øp-Ib - m bpw \n¿hln-°Ww F∂Xv F√m- a-\p-
h¿ Ahn-iz-kn-°s - ´. A{I-an-Iƒ°v \mw Wv icn-bmb am¿Kw. jycpw inc mhln-t°≠ BPvR-bm-
\c-Im·n Hcp°n sh®n-´p-≠v'' (18:29).- Ip-∂p. kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬ Nne¿°v
A√m-lp-hns‚ Imem-Xo-Xa - mb Adnthm *** kzØpw k¥-Xn-Ifpw C√mØ Ah-ÿ-
Xocp-am-\t- am, icnbpw sX‰pw sXc-s™- bp-≠m-I-mw. AXv A√m-lp-h-√mØ ssZ
Sp-°m\pw kz¥w lnX-a-\p-k-cn®v {]h¿ tNmZ- yw-:
kqd-Xp¬ IuY-¿ t]mep- h-ßsf X≈n-°-f-™-Xp-sIm≠v kw`-
Øn-°m-\p-ap≈ a\p-jys‚ kzmX-{¥y- ≈, apl-ΩZv \_n(-)-bp-ambn am hn-®X
- m-sW∂v _lp-ssZ-hh - m-Zn-Iƒ P¬
Øn\v XS- -am-hp-I-bn√ F∂s{X CXn {Xw _‘-s∏´ ]cm-a¿i-ap≈ Jp¿- ]nt®-°mw. F∂m¬ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ
¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂X - v. \∑ sXc-s™- B≥ hN-\-ß-fn¬ temI¿°v F A√m-lp-hns‚ imizX {]Xn-^-e-Øn\v
Sp-°m\pw kzoI-cn-°m-\p-ap≈ kzmX-{¥y ¥v am¿K-Z¿i\-am-Wp-≈-X?-- Ah-Im-in-I-fm-b-Xn-\m¬ Ah-scm-cn-°
hpw kuI-cyhpw D≠-mb - n´pw A\ym-bam ˛ X≥ko¿,-]Ø-∏n-cnbw epw hme-‰-h-tcm -`mhn \jvS-s∏-´-htcm
bn Xn∑-bn-te°v \oßn-b-Xn-\m-emWv BIp-∂n-√. Ah-tcmSv A\ym-b-ambn
a\p-jy¿ \c-I-in£ A\p-`-hn-t°-≠n- D-Ø
- c
- w-: ""Xo¿®-bmbpw \n\°v \mw [m hntZzjw ]pe¿Øp-∂-h¿ Cl-Øntem
h-cp-∂-sX∂pw Cu kq‡w kqNn-∏n- cmfw t\´-ßƒ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. BI- ]c-Øntem A√m-lp-hns‚ ITn\ in
°p∂p. bm¬ \ns‚ c£n-Xm-hn\p th≠n \a- £bv°v Ah-Im-in-I-fm-bn-Øo-cpw. A
kvIc- n-°p-Ibpw _en-b¿∏n-°p-Ibpw sN t∏mƒ Ah¿ Xs∂-bmWv `mhn-bn-√m-Ø-
Rßƒ _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-I-cm-bXv
øp-I. Xo¿®-bmbpw \nt∂mSv hntZzjw h¿ F∂ hIp-∏n¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-I. Cßs\
Aßs\ A√mlp ap≥Iqń \nivNbn®-
sh®p ]pe¿Øp-∂-h≥ Xs∂-bm-Ip∂p Cu A[ym- b - Ø ns‚ D≈- S - ° - Ø n\v
Xp-sIm-≠mWv F∂v hmZn-°p-∂-hsc
h-me-‰-h≥ (`m-hn-bn-√m-Ø-h≥)''.- CXm F°m-eØpw {]k-‡n-bp-≠v.
hnip≤ Jp¿B\n¬ A√mlp Jfin-
Wv kqd-Øp¬IuY-dns‚ X¿P-a. Cu
°p-I-bmWv sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xv. ""B _lp ***
A[ym-b-Øns‚ {]Ya A`n-kw-t_m-[n-
ssZ-hm-cm-[-I¿- ]-d-t™-°pw;- Rßtfm
X≥ apl-ΩZ- v\_- n(-)-bm-sW-¶nepw CXn
Rß-fpsS ]nXm-°tfm (A-√m-lp-thmSv tNmZ- yw-: tami {]hm-NI
- \pw Al-
s‚ D≈-S°w A√m-lp-hns‚ [mcmfw
CXc ssZh-ß-sf) ]¶p-tN¿°p-am-bn-cp- tcm\pw (aq-k, lmdp≥) ^d-thms‚
A\p-{K-l-ßƒ A\p-`-hn-°p-Ibpw Ah-
∂n√; Rßƒ bmsXm∂pw \njn-≤-am- A-Sp-°¬ sN√-p-tºmƒ Hcp AXv`p
t\mSv \μn -Im-Wn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ F
°pam-bn-cp-∂p-an√ F∂v. CtX-{]-Imcw
√m-h¿°pw _m[-I-am-Ip-∂p. X-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ tami-{]-hm-NI - ≥
Ah-cpsS ap≥Km-an-I-fpw, \ΩpsS in£
\ΩpsS a\ v ss\cm-iy-Øn¬\n Xs‚ Iøn-ep≈ hSn \ne-ØnSp-I
Bkz-Zn-°p-∂-Xp-hsc \ntj-[n-®p-Ifbp
∂pw kwL¿j-Øn¬\n∂pw ap‡-am-°- bpw AXv Hcp hen-b] - m-ºmbn amdp-
Ibp-≠m-bn. ]d-bpI: \nß-fpsS ]°¬
h√ hnh-c-hp-apt≠m? Ds≠¶n¬ Rß W-sa-¶n¬ G‰hpw {][m-\-ambn th≠ Ibpw sNbvXp. AXv ssZh-Øns‚
ƒ°v \nßƒ AsXm∂v shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn- Hcp Imcyw A√m-lp-hns‚ Af-h‰ A\p- Ign-hm-Wv. F∂m¬ ^d-thms‚
Ø-cq. Dul-sØ-am-{X-amWv \nßƒ ]n {K-l-ßƒ \ap°v kZm e`n-®p-sIm-≠n- Bfp-Iƒ \ne-Øn-Sp∂ Ib-dp-Ifpw
¥p-S-cp-∂-Xv. \nßƒ A\p-am-\n-°pI am cn-°p-∂p≠v F∂ bmYm¿Y-yw Adn-bp- ]mºp-Ifpw ]mºmbn amdp-∂p-≠v.
{X-amWv sNøp-∂-Xv'' (6:148).- Cu hnj Ibpw AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-bm- AXn\p ]n∂n¬ ssZhtam km
bw 16:35 kq‡-Ønepw ]cm-a¿in-®n´p≠v. Wv. A√m-lp-hns‚ B⁄-Iƒ \nd-th- Ømt\m? ssZh-am-Im≥ hgn-bn-√.
\sΩ kw_-‘n®v A√mlp Dt±in®Xv ‰m≥ AXv \ap°v {]tNm-Z-I-am-bn-Øo- kmØ- m - \ m- s W- ¶ n¬ B`n- N mc
C∂-hn-[-Øn-em-sW∂v Adn-bm≥ bm cpw. I¿a-ßƒ ê-kn-≤n-bp-≈-Xm-sW-
sXmcp am¿K-hp-an-√. AXv kw_-‘n® ""\nßƒ Ah-t\mSv Bh-iy-s∏-´-Xn ∂p-hc - pw. a\p-jys\ hgn-]n-g∏
- n-°p-
\ΩpsS Dulhpw A\p-am-\hpw icn-bm- ¬ \ns∂√mw Ah≥ \nßƒ°v \¬In- hm≥ kmØm≥ {]m]v-X-\m-W-t√m.
I-Ws - a-∂n-√. F∂m¬ kXyw ] - d- b- m\pw bn-cn-°p-∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-{Klw kmØm-\nI i‡n temIØv \ne-
AkXyw ]d-bm-\p-ap≈ kzmX{¥yw \nßƒ FÆp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \nßƒ°v -\n¬°p∂p F∂t√ CsX√mw sX
\mw ChnsS A\p-`h - n-°p∂p F∂Xv A AXns‚ IW-s°-Sp-°m-\m-hn-√. Xo¿®-
fn-bn-°p-∂Xv?
\n-tj[y kXy-am-Wv. AXns‚ ASn-ÿm- bmbpw a\p-jy≥ alm A{I-a-Im-cnbpw
hfsc \μnsI´-h-\pw-Xs∂-s∂''- (14:34). -˛km-_p-Nmt°m, Du∂pI¬
\-Øn¬ {kjvSmhpw am¿K-Z¿i-I\ - p-amb
A√m-lp-thm-Sp≈ _m[yX \nd-th-‰n-bm - ""A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-{Klw \nßƒ D-Ø
- c
- w-: ^n¿-Hus‚ (^-dt- hm-s‚) Bh-
¬ bmsXmcp Bi-¶bv°pw ÿm\-an-√. F Æp- I - b m- s W- ¶ n¬ \nßƒ°v iy-{]-Imcw Pme-hn-Zy-°m¿ ImWn-®Xv C
k¿h⁄-\m-b- A-√m-lp-hn-s≥-d- A-dn- AXns‚ IW-s°-Sp-°m-\m-hp-I-bn-√. t∏mgpw [mcm-fa
- m-fp-Iƒ ImWn-°p∂ Xc-
hpw- Xo-cp-am-\-hpw- \-ap-°v- ]q¿-W-am-bn- Xo¿®-bm bpw A√mlp Gsd s]mdp-°p- Øn¬s]´ amPn°v AYhm I¨sI´v
DƒsIm-≈m≥ Ign-b-W-sa∂v iTn-°p-∂ ∂-h\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[nbpw Xs∂'' (16:18).- hnZy-bm-Wv. Xm¬°men-I-amb anYym-Z¿
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 41
i-\-ap-≠m-°pI F∂-X-√msX ÿmbn- ∂-h-cp-sSbpw ta¬am-{X-am-Ip∂p'' (16:99, ac-W-Øn\pw A¥y-Zn-\-Øn\pw CS-bn-
bmb ê-kn-≤n-sbm∂pw CXp-sIm≠v 100).- ep≈ in£-bpsS `mK-am-bn-´mWv Ahsc
D≠m-Ip-∂n-√. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ CXns\ *** \c-I-Øn-\p-ap-ºn¬ {]Z¿in-∏n-°p-∂-
kw_-‘n®v ]d-bp-∂Xv C{]-Im-c-am-Ip sX∂v Cu kq‡-Øn¬ \n∂v hy‡-am-
∂p: ""\ns‚ he-Xp-I-øp-≈Xv (h-Sn) \o tNm-Zyw-:J_vdn¬ tNmZyhpw in Ip-∂p. ""c≠p {]mhiyw \mw Ahsc
Ct´-°p-I. Ah¿ D≠m-°n-b-sX√mw A in£n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. ]n∂oSv hºn® in
£bpw D≠v F∂v Ckvemw ]Tn∏n-
Xv hngp-ßn-s°m-≈p-w-. Ah-cp-≠m-°n-b £-bn-te°v Ah¿ X≈-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-am
°p-∂p. CXv PU-Øn-te°v Bflm- Wv'' (9:101) F∂ Jp¿-B≥ kq‡-Øn¬
Xv Pme-hn-Zy-°m-cs‚ X{¥w am{X-am-Wv.
hns\ ho≠pw k∂n-th-in-∏n-®-Xn ]d-™n-´p≈ c≠mw- {]mh-iysØ in£
Pme- h n- Z y- ° m- c ≥- F- h nsSs®∂mepw
hnP-bn-bm-hp-I-bn√'' (20:69).- hy‡n-I-fn \p tij-amtWm? BsW-¶n¬ C J_vdnse in£-bm-sW∂v {]apJ Jp¿
tem hkvXp-°-fntem \n¿W-m-b-I-amb l-tem-IsØ AtX- Ah-ÿ-bn¬ B≥ hymJym-Xm-°ƒ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-ń-cn-
{]Xn-^-e-\-ap-≠m-°m≥ Pme-hn-Zy-sIm Bbn-cn-°nt√? At∏mƒ hni∏pw °p-∂p. J_vdnb in£-bn¬\n∂v \_n
≠v km[n-°p-I-bn-s√∂v CXn¬ \n∂v Zmlhpw kz¥-°m-sc-°-p-dn-®p≈ () A√m-lp-thmSv A`-bw-tX-Sn-bn-cp-∂
hy‡-am-Ip-∂p. Hm¿a-Ifpw D≠m-bn-cn-°nt√? Xmbn _pJm-cnbpw apkvenbpw a‰pw D≤-
aqkm-\_n sIm≠p-h∂ kXysØ cn® \_n-h-N-\-ß-fn¬Im-Wmw.
˛l-\o^v F≥. IS-h-Øq¿
tXm¬]n-°-W-sa∂ Dt±-i-tØm-sS-bm- J_vdnse in£ GXv Xc-Øn-ep≈
Wt√m ^n¿Hu≥- Pme-hn-Zy-°m-sc -sIm- D-Ø
- c
- w-: ac-WØ
- n\p tijw Dbn¿sØ A\p`ham-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Jp¿B\ntem
≠p-h-∂-Xv. kmØms‚ klm-b-k-l-I- gp-t∂¬∏vhsc-bp≈ Ime-amWv J_v¿ lZo-Y-ntem hy‡-am-°-s∏-ń-ń-√. \Ωp
c-W-ßƒ Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ D≠m-hpI hmk-Im-ew- s
- Im≠v Dt±-in-°s - ∏-Sp-∂X - v. sS ]t©- { μn- b - ß - f p- s Sbpw ùXnI
kzm`m-hn-If - m-Wv. a\p-jysc ]ng-∏n-°m≥ arX-tZlw Zln-∏n®p Nmc-am-°n-bmepw ⁄mt\m-]m-[n-I-fp-sSbpw ]cn-[n°v A
A√mlp kmØm\v Ah-kcw \¬In- IS-en¬X-≈n-bn´v a’y-ßƒ Xn∂pXo¿ X-o-X-am-bn-cn°pw AsX-∂mWv ""Ah-cp
bn-´p-s≠-¶nepw \√ a\p-jysc ]ng-∏n- Ømepw aÆn-\-Sn-bn¬sh®v ]pgp-°ƒ sS ]n∂n¬ Ah¿ Dbn¿sØgp-t∂¬]n
°m≥ kmØm\v Ign-bn-s√∂v Jp¿B\n Xn∂pXo¿Ømepw "J_v¿ in£' A√m °-s∏-Sp∂ Znhkwhsc Hcp ad-bp-≠m-
¬ hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. (A-√mlp ]nim- lp \n›-bn® Af-hn¬ A\p-`-hn-t°- bn-cn-°p-∂-XmWv'' (23:100) F∂ Jp¿-B
Nn-t\mSv C{]-Imcw ]d™p:) ""Xo¿®-bm ≠n-h-cp-sa-∂mWv hnip-≤-Jp¿B\n¬ ≥ hmIy-Øn¬\n∂v {Kln-°m-hp-∂-Xv.
bpw Fs‚ Zmk-∑m-cpsS ta¬ \n\°v bm \n∂pw hniz-k-\o-b-ambn D≤-cn-°-s∏´ ac-W-Øn-\p-tijw Dbn¿sØgp-t∂¬
sXmcp B[n-]-Xy-hp-an-√. \ns∂ ]n≥] \_n hN-\-ß-fn¬\n∂pw {Kln-°m-hp- ]phsc a\p-jy¿ ]q¿W-ambpw A√m-lp-
‰nb Zp¿am¿Kn-If - psS tae-√msX'' (15:42).- ∂-Xv. ^n¿Hu\ns‚ kl-bm-{X-nI - sc kw hns‚ A[o-\-Øn-em-Wv. Ah≥ Dt±-in-
""hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw Xß-fpsS c£n- _-‘n®v hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p: °p∂ hn[-Øn¬ Ah¿°v A\p-{K-l
Xm-hns‚ ta¬ `c-ta¬]n-°p-Ibpw sN ""\cIw! cmhn-sebpw sshIp-t∂-chpw tam in£tbm \¬Ipw. Ah≥ GXv Xc-
øp-∂-h-cmtcm Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ Ah\v (]n- Ah¿ AXn\v apºn¬ {]Z¿in-∏n-°-s∏- Øn¬ c£m-in-£-Iƒ \¬Im\pw Ign-
im-Nn-\v) bmsXmcp A[n-Im-c-hp-an√; Xo Spw. B A¥y-k-abw \ne-hn¬h-cp∂ hp-≈-h-\m-Wv. F∂m¬ acn-®-h¿ Cl-
¿®. Ahs‚ A[n-Imcw Ahs\ c£m- Znhkw ^n¿Hus‚ Bfp-Isf G‰hpw tem-IsØ AtX Ah-ÿ-bn¬Xs∂
[n-Im-cn-bm-°p-∂-h-cp-sSbpw A√m-lp-h- ITn-\-amb in£-bn¬ \nßƒ {]th-in- XpS-cp-sa-∂-Xn\v aX-]-c-amb sXfn-shm-
tcmSv (C-X-c-ssZ-h-ß-sf) ]¶p tN¿°p- ∏n-°pI (F∂v I¬]n-°s - ∏-Spw)''- (40:46). ∂p-an-√.
ho-≠pw hm-bn-°p-hm≥..........-
""{_n-´-\n-ep-≈- tdm-a≥- I-tØm-en-°m-k-`- ss_-_n-fn-se- D¬-]-Øn,- ]p-d-∏m-Sv,- k-Zr-iy-
hm-Iy-ßƒ- (kp-`-m-jn-X-ßƒ),- sh-fn-∏m-Sv- ]p-kv-X-Iw- F-∂n-h- ss_-_n-fn¬-\n-∂pw- F-Sp-
Øp-a-m-‰n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.- Cu- ]p-kv-X-I-ß-sf-√mw- Ir-{Xn-a-X-z-hpw- kw-`-hn-°m-Ø-Xpw- F-∂m-Wv-
A-h¿- hm-Zn-°p-∂-Xv.- F-∂m¬- A-t\-I- I-tØm-en-°- hn-izm-kn-Iƒ- C-Xn-s\- F-Xn¿-°p-∂p.-
F-Xn¿-°p-∂p-s≠¶n-epw- H-cp- hn-hm-Za - m-bn- h-cp-tºmƒ- A-\p-Iq-en-°p-∂h - ¿- h¿-[n-®p-hc
- phm≥-
km-[y-X-bp-≠v''-
(Ir-]- kp-hn-ti-j- am-kn-I,- 2006 P-\p-hcn).--
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 42
Ah¿W-cpw ]u-tcm-ln-Xyhpw
kn\m≥ sI. Aehn Xm¬]cy-ßƒ ap≥\n¿Øn sslμh hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. ImcWw lnμp {]am-W-
ktlm-Z-c-ßsf hgn-sX-‰n-°p-I-bpw sN ßƒ A\p-k-cn®v h¿W--˛-B-{i-a- [¿a-
øp∂ kml-N-cy-Øn¬ h¿W-m-{i-a-[¿a- ßƒ ]men-°p-∂-h-\mWv lnμp. Cu
Cug-h¿ AS-ßnb Ah¿W- hn`m-Kß
-
-Øn\p ]pdØp \n¬°p∂ e£-°-W- [¿a-ß ƒ _m[-I-a-√m-Ø-hsc a\p-jy-
ƒ°v sslμ-h-t£-{X-ß-fn¬ ]qPm-cn-I-
°n\v a\p-jy¿°p-ap-∂n¬, PmXob hnhm cmbn ImWp-hm≥t]mepw t{]cW \¬
fmbn tPmen sNøp-hm≥ A¿l-X-bn√
Z-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ \-nc¿Y-I-amb au\w Im-Ø-hn-[-Øn¬ h¿W-m-{i-a -[¿a-Øn
F∂v kh¿W-cn¬ Nne hn`m-Kß - ƒ hf-
sX‰mb {]h-W-X-bm-Wv. s‚ {]amW-ßƒ Ah¿W-sc Ah-K-Wn-
sc-°m-e-ambn hmZn-°p-Ibpw {]N-cn-∏n-
{_mlvaWyhpw ]u-tcm-ln-Xyhpw °p-∂p-ap-≠v. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ lnμp-
°p-Ibpw sNbvXp hcp-∂p-≠v. kao-]I
- m-
°-fpsS Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ßƒ F∂ ]cn-
eØv Cu hnhmZw kPo-h-am-bn-cn-°-p-I- sslμh ho£W {]Imcw ]u-tcm-
K-W\ \¬I-s∏-Sp∂ t£{X-ß-fnse
bm-Wv. tIc-fØ
- nse c≠p {]_e PmXn- ln-Xyhpw {_mlvaWyhpw ]cym-b] - Z- ß
- -
]u-tcm ln-Xz-Øn-\p-th≠n Ah¿W-
Iƒ XΩn-ep≈ kwL¿jmXvaIX \nd fm-Wv. h¿W- [¿a-Øns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬
P\-hn-`m-Kß
- ƒ Ah-Im-ih - m-Za- p-∂b
- n-°p-
™ Cu hnhm-Z-Øn¬ I£n-tN-cpI hcp∂ P\-ßsf kw_-‘n®v Aew-L-
∂Xv \nc¿Y-I-am-Wv.
F∂ Xm¬]cyw Cu teJ\ I¿Ømhn- \o-b-amb XØ-z-amWv ]u-tcm-ln-Xym-h-
\n-√. AtX kabw Ncn-{X-Øn-s‚bpw Imiw {_mlv a Wy- Ø n- \ m- b n- c n- ° pI {_mlvaWy-ap-≈-h∂v am{Xta tZh-
hkvXp-X-I-fp-sSbpw shfn-®-Øn¬ \njv F∂Xv. thZw ]Tn-°p-hm-\pw {]mtbm-Kn- ]qP sNøp-hm≥ A[n-Im-c-ap≈q F∂v
]£-ambn Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ Dcp-Øn-bn- I-am-°p-hm-\pw Cuiz-cs\ ]qPn-°p-h-m- X{¥m-[n-Imc \n¿W-bw, X{¥-k-ap-›-
bp∂ Bi-b-ßƒ s]mXpkaq-l-Øn-\p- \pw tPmen \n¿h-ln-°p-hm\pw Ah-Im- bw, tjmUi {]Im-inIw XpS-ßnb {]m
ap-∂n¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv At\z-j-W- i-ap-≈h- ¿ {_mlvaW¿ am{X-amWv F∂v No\ {KŸ-ß-fn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂p-≠v.
ßsf t{]m¬km-ln-∏n-°m-\n-S-bp-≠v. sslμh kaqlw samØ-Øn¬ AwKo- Cu {_mlvaWyw I¿aWm-ep≈ {_mlv
sslμh kwkvIm-cØ - ns‚ t]cn¬ ]e- I-cn®p h∂n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. sslμh kaq- aWy-as- √-∂pw, adn®v P≥a\-me- p≈ {_m
Xcw Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ßƒ \ne-\n¬°p-I- l-Øns‚ \n¿h-N-\-Øn¬ Fhn-sSbpw lvaWy-am-sW∂pw X{¥m-[n-Imc \n¿W-
bpw ]ecpw cmjv{So-btam at‰m- Bb Ah¿W-¿°v ÿm\-an√ F∂Xv as‰mcp b-Øn¬ hy‡am°n-bn-´p-ap-≠v. Ah¿W-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 43
tcm, kh¿W-cn¬ Xs∂-bp≈ A{_m cw Ah¿W-¿°p \ntj-[n-°p∂ {_mlv hnt[-ba - m-°pI F∂Xv Bcy≥hm-Zn-Ifp
lvaWtcm tjmVihn-[n -{]-Im-c-ap≈ aW-˛k - h
- ¿W-]£ \ne-]m-Sn\v kh¿W- sS e£y-am-bn-cp-∂p.
bm⁄n-I-{_mlvaWyw hcn-°p-Ibpw P\-ßtfm Ah-cpsS kwL-S-\-Itfm Bcy-k-am-P-Øns‚ coXn-Iƒ ]n¥p-
thZ-hn-⁄m-\w, X{¥-imkv{Xw ]qPm-Zn- A√ Hc¿YØn¬ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ;- adn®v S¿∂p-sIm≠v ]n∂oSv C¥y-bpsS hnhn[
Iƒ F∂nh ]Tn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ sslμh {]am- W - ß ƒ Xs∂- b m- W v . `mK-ß-fn¬ iq≤o-I-c-W-Øn-eqsSbp≈
t]m-epw- A-h¿°v ]qPm-cn-Itfm t£{X {_mlvaWyw I¿a-Øm¬ t\Sm-hp-∂Xm {_mlvaW-hXv-I-c-W-Øn\p ]e kwL-
im¥n-Itfm BIm≥ ]mSn√ F∂mWv Wv F∂pw, P≥a-a√ I¿a-amWv {_mlva S-\-Ifpw {ian-°-p-Ibp-≠m-bn. Xmgv∂
kh¿W- {]am-W-ßƒ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂- Wy- Ø ns‚ ASn- ÿ m- \ - s a- ∂ p- a p≈ PmXn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw, ]mgvkn-I-fn¬\n-
Xv. I¿aWm-ep≈ {_mlvaWyw X{¥m- ho£-W-Øn\v auenI sslμh{]am- ∂pw, apkvenw ss{IkvXh hn`m-K-ß-
[n-Im-c-Øn¬ ]cn-K-W-\o-b-a-s√-∂pw, W-ßƒ ]n¥pW \¬Ip-∂n-√-. ]n¬-Im- fn¬\n-∂p-sa√mw Bcy-\n-k-Øn-te°v
PmXym-¬ {_mlvaWy-ap≈ hy‡n°v eØv lnμp[¿a- ]cnjvI¿Øm-°-fpw \nc-h-[n-t]¿ ]cn-h¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-
hn[n-Iƒ A¬]w sX‰n-bmepw icn-bmw- lnμpXz cmjv{So-b-hm-Zn-I-fpw sslμh ≠m- b n. lnμp- [ ¿a- w kzoI- c n- ° p∂
hn- [ - Ø n¬ Xm{¥n- I m- \ p- j v T m- \ - ß ƒ im-IvXoI-c-W-Øns‚ h¿K-ob e£y- hy‡n-°pw, Ah¿W-cn¬ \n∂v kh¿cn-
\n¿h-ln-°p∂ Ah¿W-sc°mƒ al ßƒ ]pe¿Øp-∂-hcpw hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp- te°v amdp∂ hy‡n°psa√mw Htc-
Ø-z-ap-s≠-∂p-amWv {]am-Ww. AXp-sIm- Øn-´p≈ hnime lnμpXzw F∂ Bi t]mse sN∂p-tNcp-hm≥ km[n°pw
≠p-X-s∂, Ah¿W-¿t°m, kh¿W- bØns‚ ASn-ÿm-\Ø - n-emWv {_mlva hn[-Øn¬ {_mlvaWysØ ]p\¿ \n¿
cnse {_mlvatW-X-c¿t°m Hcp-\n-ebv Wyw I¿a-Wm¬ t\Sm-hp-∂-XmWv F h-Nn-°p-I-bmWv kXy-Øn¬ CØcw
°pw t£{X-ß-fn¬ tZh]qPm-cn-I-fm-bn- ∂pw, Ah¿W-¿°pw Xmgv∂ PmXn-°m¿ {]ÿm-\-ßfpw hy‡n-Ifpw sNbvX-Xv.
cn-°m≥ ]mSn-s√∂ {_mlvaW \ne-]m- °pw tjmU-i-{In-b-I-fn-eqsS {_mlva ZznP≥am¿ AYhm lnμp-Xz-Øn-te°v
Spw, sslμh {]am-W-ß-fpsS ]n≥_e- Wyw B¿Pn-°m-hp-∂-XmWv F∂p-ap≈ ]pXnb P≥aw e`n-°p-∂-h¿ GXp-Pm-Xn-
ap-≈-Xp-X-s∂-bm-Wv. t£{X-]q-Pm-[nIm Nn¥m-KXn Nne¿ {]N-cn-∏n-®-Xv. lnμp- °m-cmWv F∂ tNmZy-Øn\v DØcw
[¿a-Øn\v kh¿W- LS-\-°-∏p-dØpw Is≠-Øp-hm≥ CXp-aqew km[n-°p-sa-
\ne-\n¬]p km[y-am-sW-∂- hn-[-Øn¬ ∂m-Wv lnμp-]c - n-jvIc - W
- h- m-Zn-Iƒ Nn¥n-
Nn¥n-°p-hm≥ X-s∂- km-[n-°m-Ø- hn- ®-Xv. F∂m¬ kXy-Øn¬ lnμp-[¿a
[-Øn¬- Hcp Imew D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]Xn- Øns‚ kp{]-[m-\-amb Hcp ]cm-Pbw
s\-´v, ]sØm≥]Xv- \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ AØ- Cu ÿm\- \n¿W-b-Øn-eqsS shfn-s∏-
c-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Sp-ØpIbmWv sNbvX-Xv. B ]-cm-P-b-
sslμh ho£W {]Im
lnμpXz cmjv{Sob°mcmb Nne¿ am-hs´ lnμp-Xz-Ønse h¿W-[¿a-Øn\v
cw ]u-tcm-ln-Xyhpw {_m
]n¬-°m-eØp hnI-kn-∏n-s®-SpØ hnim- Ds≠∂v ]d-bp∂ bp‡nsb XInSw adn-
lvaWyhpw ]cym-b-]-Z-ß- e-ln-μp-Xz-Øns‚ t{]c-W-bn¬ \n∂p- °-p-∂-Xp-am-bn-cp-∂p. \q‰m-≠p-I-fmbn
fm-Wv. h¿W- [¿a-Øns‚ amWv {]am-Wß - sf hnI-ea- mbn hymJym- h¿W-m-{ia [¿a-w AwKo-I-cn®p Pohn-
]cn-[n-bn¬ hcp∂ P\-ß \n-®p-sIm-≠p≈ {_mlvaWyw I¿a-m-[n- °p∂ {_mlvatW-Xc h¿W-°m¿°v
sf kw_-‘n®v Aew-L- jvTn-X-am-Wv,- P≥am[n-jvTn-X-a√ F∂ km[y-am-ImØ h¿W-°b - ‰w ip≤n-I¿a-
kn≤m¥w hnImkw {]m]n-®-Xv. {]am-W- Øn-s‚tbm ZznP-Xz-Øn-s‚tbm t]cn¬
\o-b-amb XØ-z-amWv ]u-
ß-fpsS ]n≥_-e-an-√mØ Cu ]pXnb a‰p PmXn-˛-a-X-ß-fn¬ \n∂v- IS-∂p-h-cp-
tcm-ln-Xym-h-Imiw {_mlv [¿a-\n¿W-b hmZw G‰p ]nSn-°p-hm≥ ∂-h¿°v e`n-°p∂p F∂-XmWv B ]cm-
aWy-Øn-\m-bn-cn-°pI F lnμp[¿a-Ø-nse ]cnjvI-c-W-hm-Zn-Iƒ P-bw. Cu ]cm-Pb - w-aqew \ncm-Ic - n-°s
- ∏-
∂Xv. thZw ]Tn-°p-hm-\pw ap≥]-¥n-bn¬ h¿Øn-®p. Bcy-k-am-Pw Sp∂ bpIvXnbm-h-s´, h¿W--[¿a-ßƒ
{]mtbm-Kn-I-am-°p-hm-\pw t]msebp≈ Nne {]ÿm-\-ßƒ F√m- bYm-hn[n ]men®p Pohn-°p∂h¿°v
h¿°pw {_mlvaWylnμpXzw hnX-cWw {_mlvaW-cmbnØocm-sa∂ {]am-W-ß-
Cuiz- c s\ ]qPn- ° p- h - m -
sNøp∂ GP≥knI-fmbn h¿Øn-°p- fnse Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-hp-am-Wv. h¿W[
\pw tPmen \n¿h-ln-°p-hm tºmƒ Xs∂-bpw, aX-]-cnjvIc-W-hm-Z- ¿aw ]men®p Pohn-°p∂ hy‡n-Iƒ°v
\pw Ah- I m- i - a p- ≈ - h ¿ Øn-s‚bpw Bcy-\n-k-Øn-s‚bpw CS- {_mlvaWy-Øn-te-°p≈ Ib‰w km[y-
{_mlv a W¿ am{X- a mWv bn¬ ka-\zb {ia-ßƒ \S-Øn. Bcy≥ am-I-W-sa-¶n¬ P≥aßƒ ]eXp ]n∂o-
F∂v sslμh kaqlw F∂m-¬ t{ijvT≥, AYhm {_mlva tS-≠-Xp-s≠-¶n¬, ip≤n- I¿aØn-eqsS
W≥ F∂p \n¿h-Nn® Zbm-\μ kc-kz- h¿W-[¿a-Øns‚ DØpw-K-]-Z-hn-bmb
samØ- Ø n¬ AwKo- I -
cn-sb-t∏m-ep-≈-h-cmWv ip≤n {Inb-I-fn- {_mlvaWy-Øn¬ FØp-hm≥ Hscm‰
cn®p h∂n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. eqsS B¿°pw Bcy-\m-hm-sa∂ hmZ-K- Znh-kw-sIm≠p Ign-bp-sa-∂X - mWv Gsd
Xn°v hºn® {]Nmcw \¬In-b-Xv. AXn- sshcp-[y-I-c-am-bn-´p-≈-Xv. GXp-Xcw
\n-Kq-V-amb kh¿W-hXv-I-c-W-Øn-\pw, bpIvXn°pw \ymbo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ km[n-
AXns‚ ]n∂nse AXo-h-\n-KqV cm °mØ hn[w Cu sshcp[yw Kuc-h-ta-
jv { Sob e£y- ß ƒ°pw Ah¿W- s c dn-b-Xp-am-Wv.
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 44
{_mlvaWy-sa-∂m¬ Bc-yXzw {_mlvaWt\m BIp-∂n-√. AXp-sIm- XØ-z-ß-fp-ambn hnImkw {]m]n®p.
{_mlvaWy-Øns‚ XØ-zimkv{X- ≠p-Xs∂ \n›-e-hpw AbpIvXnI-hp-am \ne-hn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ lnμp-Xz-
ßfpw hni-I-e-\ -co-Xn-I-fp-sa-√mw, AXv b Hcp LS-\b - mWv h¿W-[¿aØn-t‚-Xv. Ønse {_mlvaWy-sa-∂m¬ AXv Bcy
Hcp s]m≈-bmb PmXn-hm-Z-Øn-e-∏pdw ]cn-Wm-an-Itam ]cn-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ Xzw Xs∂-bm-Wv. Bcy-hn-ti-jWw D]-
as‰m-∂p-a-s√∂pw hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v. XpS¿®tbm Bbn kn≤n-°p∂ alØzw tbm-Kn-°s - ∏-ń-cn-°p∂ {]amW ]cm-a¿i-
h¿W-hy-h-ÿ°p Iosgm-Xpßn Pohn- F∂ \ne-bn¬ {_mlvaWysØ ImWp ß-fn-se√mw Xs∂ AXv {_mlvaWy-
°p-∂h - c
- n¬ {_mlvaW¿ Hgn-®p≈ B¿ I km[y-ta-b-√. h¿W--˛-B-{ia [¿aß Øns‚ kam-\m¿Y-I ]Z-am-Wv. GsX-
°pw Ah-cpsS h¿W-[¿a-m-\p-jvTm\w fn¬ Du∂p∂ lnμp-[¿asØ samØ- ¶nepw Xc-Øn-ep≈ `n∂X Bcy-\n-k
aqew {_mlvaWy-Øn-se-Øm≥ Ign-bp- Øn¬ \nco-£n-°p-Ibpw {]am-W_‘n hpw {_mlvaWyhpw XΩn-ep≈Xmbn
∂n√ F∂-XmWv kXyw. {_mlvaW-Ip- Xambn hni-I-e\ hnt[-b-am-°p-Ibpw {]am-W-ß-fn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-°m≥
e-Øn¬ P\n-®h - \
- m-hs´ I¿a-an-s√¶n¬ sNbvXm¬ {_mlvaW PmXn-°p-th≠n km[y-a-√. AXn-\m¬ B[p-\nI Ime-
t]mepw Ahs‚ D∂X Pm-Xo-bm- h-Imi- am{X-amWv CXc PmXn-Isf {Ia-s∏-Sp- L-´-Øn¬ {_mlvaW-hXv-Ic-- -W-sa∂
ßƒ hI-sh®p sImSp-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-ap-≠v. Øn-bn-´p-≈Xv F∂p Nn¥n-°m≥ t{]cn- t]cn¬ \S-°p∂ ip≤nI¿a-ßfpw tjm
Xmgv∂ h¿W-ßƒ°v Db¿∂ h¿WØn ∏n-°p∂ sXfn-hp-If - mWv- IqSp-Xe- p-≈X- v. Ui I¿a-ß-fp-sa√mw Bcy-hXv-I-c-W-
-te-°p≈ Ib‰w Hc-h-Im-i-hm-Z-ambn h¿W-˛-B-{ia [¿a-Øns‚ bYm¿Y- Øns‚ Ir{Xna coXn-bm-Wv. Bcy≥
tijn-°p-∂p. GsX-¶nepw {_mlvaW¿ {]mtbm-P-I¿ {_mlvaW¿ am{X-am-Wv. _p≤n-im-en-Iƒ A\m-cy¿°v Bcy-cm-bn-
°v Xß-fpsS ]q¿h-P≥a-Ønse h¿Ww {_mlvaW¿°v {_mlvaW¿ Bbn-cn- Øo-cm≥ Ign-bn√ F∂p≈ coXn-bn¬
GsX∂p ]d-bp-hm≥ Ign-bn-√. h¿W- °m≥ th≠n-bmWv a‰p h¿W-°m¿ Ah- {Ia- s ∏- S p- Ø n- b n- ´ p≈ {]am- W - ß - s f-
]p-tcm-bm\w F∂ anYym-h-Im-i-hm-Z- c- h - c psS h¿W- [ ¿a- w ]men- ° p- ∂ - X v . {Xbpw Hcp-h-iØp am‰n-sh-®p-sIm≠v
Øn\v bpIvXn]-c-X-bn-√. sshiy≥ hf {_mlvaWy ]u-tcm-ln-Xy-Øn\v kpc- XnI®pw cmjv{So-b-amb e£y-ßƒ am
¿∂v £{Xn-bt\m £{Xn-b≥ hf¿∂v £n-X-amb Pohn-X-{Iaw \ne-\n¿Øp-∂- {Xw ap≥\n¿Øn kw`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-
Xn-∂m-h-iy-amb {]hr-Øn-I-fmWv kXy- ∂-XmWv h¿Ø-am\ Ime-L-´-Ønse
Øn¬ CXc hn`m-K-ßƒ sNbvXp-sIm- ip≤o-I-c-W-Øn-eqsSbp≈ Bcy-hXv-I-
≠n-cn-°p∂ h¿W-[¿a-ßƒ. F∂m¬ c-Ww. Hc¿Y-Øn¬ CXv Im]-Syhpw
Ahsc Cu bmYm¿Y-yw a\- n-em-°p- _men-i-Xzhpw am{X-am-Wv.
∂-Xn¬- \ - n∂v- XS-™p-\n¿Øp-hm≥ {_m Ah¿W-cpsS lnμpXzw?
lvaWy-Øn\p Ign-bp∂p F∂n-SØ - mWv Ah¿W- P\-hn-`m-K-ß-sf-°-qSn Dƒ
]cn-Wm-an-Itam ]cn-h¿Ø- Cu X{¥-Øns‚ hnP-bw. s∏-SpØn lnμp-XzsØ hnI-kn-∏n-®-Xv
\-Øns‚ XpS¿®tbm B Nqj-I-cmb Bcy≥am¿ Ah-cpsS ]n¬-°me cmjv{Sob X{¥-am-Wv. lnμp
bn kn≤n-°p∂ alØzw tImbva \ne-\n¿Øp-hm-\mbn sIńs∏- hns\ \n¿h-Nn-°p∂ {]am-W-ß-fp-sS
Sp-Øp-≠m-°n-b-XmWv h¿W-m-{iahyh- tbm lnμp-Xz-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\ tcJ-
F∂ \ne-bn¬ {_mlva
ÿ. AXn-e-∏p-d-samcp imkv{Xob ]cn- I-fp-sStbm ]n≥_e-an-√mØ Cu ho£
WysØ ImWpI km[y- ip-≤nbpw AXn-en-√. `mc-X-Øn-te°v- Ww {]N-cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ B[p-\nI C¥y
ta-b-√. h¿W--˛-B-{ia [¿ A[n-\n-th-in-°p- I - b
- pw, Imem-¥c - Ø
- n¬ bn¬ cmjv{Sob kzbw-tk-hI kwLw
aßfn¬ Du∂p∂ lnμp- Chn- S - Ø p- I msc Iogv s ∏Sp- Ø p- I bpw t]mse-bp≈ {]ÿm-\-ßƒ ap∂n-ń-d-
[¿asØ samØ-Øn¬ \n sNbvXv Bcy≥am¿ Ah-cpsS kmaq-ly- ßn-b-Xn\p ]n∂n¬ cmjv{Sob e£y-am
amb ta¬tI-mbva a‰p-≈-h-cn¬ Ac-°n- Wp-≈-Xv-;- lnμp-Xz-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ icn-
co-£n-°p-Ibpw {]am-W
´p-d-∏n-°p-hm-\mWv h¿W-m-{ia [¿a-w bmb kmwkvIm-cnI ho£-W-ß-f-√.
_‘nXambn hni-I-e\ BhnjvI-cn-®-Xv. Imem-¥-c-Øn¬ CXv Ah¿W-sc lnμp-°f - m°n am‰p∂ XØz
hnt[-b-am-°p-Ibpw sNbv {]amW_‘n-X-amb A\-n-tj[y imk- -imkv{Xw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-h-cpsS e£y-ß
Xm¬ {_mlvaW PmXn-°p- \-I-fmbn ]cn-W-an-®p. PmXo-b-X-bp-sS ƒ Xncn-®d - n-bp-hm≥ Awt_ZvIsd-t∏mse
th≠n am{X-amWv CXc bpw hwio-b-X-bp-sSbpw XS-hp-Im-cm-bn- ]e¿°pw km[n-®n-´p-≈-Xp-sIm-≠mWv
Øo-cm≥ hn[n-°-s∏´ henb Hcp hn`m Ah¿ kh¿W-¿°p-am-{Xta lnμp-°-fm-
PmXn-Isf {Ia-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- Im≥ km[n°q F∂ hmZw D∂-bn-®-Xv.
Kw P\-ßƒ, Xßƒ A\-n-tj[y imk
´p-≈Xv F∂p Nn¥n-°m≥ \-If - m-bn s - Im≠p\S-°p-∂h - b
- nse Nqj- lnμp-[¿a-sØ Bg-Øn¬ ]Tn-®-ti-j-
t{]cn-∏n-°p∂ sXfn-hp-I- W-Øns‚ hi-ßƒ Xn-cn®dnbm≥ km[n- amWv Awt_-Zv°¿ Ah¿W-¿ lnμp-°-
fmWv- IqSp-X-ep-≈-Xv. °m-Øh - c - p-am-bn-cp-∂p. lnμp-[¿a-Øns‚ f√ F∂-`n-{]m-b-s∏-´-Xv. k\m-X\ {]am
bYm¿Y- D¬`h-tI{μw Bcy≥amcpsS W-ß-fpsS i‡-amb ]n≥_-e-ap-≈-Xm
_p≤n-bm-Wv. hfsc Bkq-{XnX-ambn bncp∂p Awt_ZvIdpsS Cu ho£-Ww.
Ah¿ km[n-s®-SpØ kwhn-[m-\-ßƒ Ah¿W-¿°v lnμpXzw hI-sh-®p-
Imem-¥c - Ø- n¬ Hcp henb kaq-lsØ sIm-Sp-°p∂ lnμp ]cnjvI¿Øm-°-fp-
ASn-apSn \nb-{¥n-°p∂ kwln-X-Ifpw sSbpw sslμh PmK-c-W-hm-Zn-I-fp-sS
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 45
bpw e£y-ßƒ {][m-\a
- mbpw Ch-bmbn- °p∂ kmaqly kml-N-cy-ß-fmbn ]cn- kmayX ]pe¿Øp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ Xs∂
cp-∂p:- W-an-°p-Ib
- pw sNøpw. CXns\ {]Xn-tcm- bpw, B km-ayX \ma-am-{Xhpw D]-cn-Xe
(1).- amdn-h-cp∂ Ime-L-´-Øn¬ h¿ [n-t°--≠-Xp≠v kh¿W-¿°v. kv]¿inbpw am{X-am-W.v ASn-ÿm\ LS-
W--˛-Pm-Xob t{iWo-I-c-W-ßƒ°v Ah- (3).- Ah¿W-sc-°qSn kwL-Sn-∏n-®p- \-bn¬ c≠p kwkvIm-c-ßfpw XΩn¬
bpsS {]mNo\ cq]-Øn¬ \ne-\n¬°p- sIm≠p am{Xsa C¥y-bn¬ cmjv{So-b- i‡-amb `n∂-X-I-fp-≠v. _mly-amb
hm≥ km[y-a-√. AXp-sIm≠v h¿W-- [ ¿ amb t\´-ß-fp-≠m-°m≥ Ign-bq.- AXn- kmay-X-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ kh¿
a-Øns‚ auen-I-Kp-W-ßƒ kh¿W- \m¬ Ah¿Wsc t{]m¬kmln-∏n-°p-I- W-˛-A-h¿W- kwkvIm-c-ßsf Hcp-an®v
¿°v A\p-`-hn-°p-hm≥ X{¥-]q¿W-amb bpw {]tNm-Zn-∏n-°p-Ib
- pw sNøm≥ kh¿ lnμp kwkvIm-cs - a∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv \nc¿
coXn-Iƒ Bcm-tb-≠Xv Bh-iy-am-Wv. W -]-£Øp \n∂v- {ia-ß-fp-≠m-h-Ww. YI-X-bm-Wv. Ah¿W-sc-°qSn DƒsIm
Ah¿W-sc -IqsS\n¿Øn kh¿W- Xm CXn-\p≈ BZy-]Sn Ah¿W-¿°v lnμp ≈n-®p-sIm≠v lnμp sFIy-sa∂p ]dbp-
¬]cy-ßƒ kwc-£n-°p-I-bmWv- Bh- Xzw \¬I-em-Wv. ∂Xpw \nc¿Y-Ia - m-Wv. Xß-fpsS X\-Xm
iy-ambn hcp-∂-Xv. CXn\v Ah¿W-¿°v b kwkvIm-c-sØbpw kzXz-sØ-bpw-Ip-
cmjv{Sob kzbw tkh-Ik - wLw Dƒ
lnμp-Xz- ]-Zhn \¬tI-≠Xv \n¿_-‘- dn®v Ah¿W-¿ t_m[-hm≥amcm-Im-Xn-cn-
s∏-sS-bp≈ F√m {]ÿm-\-ßfpw {]I-
am-Wv. °p-hm\pw AØ-c-samcp t_m[-Øns‚
Sn-∏n-®n-´p≈ kh¿W-m-\p-Iqe kao-]-\-
ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≈ {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ
(2).- h¿W-[¿a-w AXns‚ icn-bmb ßƒ°p ]n∂n¬ ta¬kqNn-∏n® e£y-
D≠m-Im-Xn-cn-°m\pw Ah¿Wsc hgn-sX-
cq]-Øn¬ \ne-\n-∂m¬ Ckvemw, {Inkv ß-fmWv D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ t]m
‰n-°p-I-bmWv kwL-]-cn-hm¿ B`n-ap-Jy-
Xp-aXw F∂n-h-bn-te-°p≈ Ah¿W-cp epw Bsd- - ns‚ XmXzn-Im-Nm-cy≥am-
ap-≈-h¿ sNøp-∂-Xv. Ah¿W-cpw kh¿
sS Hgn-®p-t]m°v XpS-cp-Ib
- pw, AXv kh cp-sSbpw kz`m-h-Øn¬ kh¿W-tImbv W-cpw c≠p hn`n∂ kzXz-ap-≈-h¿ BI-
¿W- hn`m-K-Øns‚ \ne-\n¬]n\pw kzm amhm-Za - mWp ap∂n´p \n∂-Xv. "hnNm-c[ - m- bm¬ Ah¿°n-S-bn-ep≈ Xm¬°men-I
¿Y-Xm¬]cy-ßƒ°pw XS- -ß-fp-≠m- c-'-bpsS hcn-Iƒ°nS-bnse Ah¿W- hpw D]-cn-π-h-hp-amb sFIy-s∏-S-ep-Iƒ
hntcm-[-Øns‚ hnj-_n-μp-°ƒ GsXm kmaq-ln-I-ambn bmsXmcp KpW-^-e-hp-
cp \njv]£ At\z-j-I\pw Is≠-Øp- ≠m-°n-\n-S-bn√ F∂ kXyw cmjv{Sob
hm≥ Ign-bpw. a\pkvarXn-bp-sSbpw kw e£y- ° m- c mb Nne kzm¿Y- a - X n- I ƒ
Ah¿W- ¿ lnμp- ° - f √ ln-XI - f- p-sSbpw am\-kn- I XS-hd
- b
- n¬\n- hnkvacn-°p-∂p.
F∂- X n\v lnμp- X zsØ ∂p≈ tamN\w Bsd- kv BNmcy≥
Ah¿W-h-cpsS A¥ pw B`n-Pm-
\n¿h-Nn-°p∂ {]am-W-ß am¿°v km[n-®n-cp-∂n-√.
Xyhpw \ne-sIm-≈p-∂Xv Ah¿ kh¿W-
ƒ th≠{X sXfn-hp-Iƒ Ah¿W-¿ lnμp-°-f√ F∂-Xn\v cm-Im≥ {ian-°p-Itbm kh¿W-cpsS
lnμp-XzsØ \n¿h-Nn-°p∂ {]am-W- X{¥-ßsf ASn-ÿm-\-am°n {]h¿Øn-
\¬In-bn-´p-≠v. Ah¿W-
ßƒ th≠{X sXfn-hp-Iƒ \¬In-bn-´p- °p∂ kwhn-[m-\-ß-fn¬ `mK-`m-°p-I-
sc-°p-dn-®p≈ ]cm-a¿i-ß ≠v. Ah¿W-sc-°p-dn-®p≈ ]cm-a¿i-ß fmbn h¿Øn-°p-Itbm sNøp-tºm-g√;-
ƒ sslμh {]am-W-ß-fn ƒ sslμh {]am-W-ß-fn¬ ImWp-∂Xv adn®v Ah-c-h-cpsS kwkvImc-Øn-eq∂n
¬ ImWp-∂Xv Ah¿W-sc Ah¿W-sc kz¥w Bh-iy-ßƒ°mbn \n∂p-sIm≠v am{Xw apt∂m´p \oßp-
kz¥w Bh-iy-ßƒ°m kh¿W-¿ D]-tbm-Kn-t°-≠X - ns‚ am¿K- tºm-gm-Wv. Cu bmYm¿Yyw Ah¿W-sc
bn kh¿W-¿ D]-tbm-Kn- Z¿i\-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´p-am-{X-am-Wv. h¿ hnkvacn-∏n-°m-\mWv Nne¿ {ian-°p-∂-
W-LS- \- b - nse G‰hpw Xmgv∂ ]Sn-bn¬ Xv. Ah¿W- P\-hn-`m-K-ßsf kh¿W-
t°-≠-Xns‚ am¿K-Z¿i\-
\n¬°p∂ iq{Z≥am-sc-t∏mepw a\p-jy- kz`m-h-Øn-te°v ]cn-h¿Øn-∏n-°m-sa-
hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´p-am-{X-amcm-bn-°m-Wm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-hn-[-Øn¬ ∂Xv hymtam-lw- -am-{X-am-Wv. {_mlva
Wv. h¿W-LS- \ - b
- nse G‰ {]Xn-tem-a-I- kz-`mhw ]pe¿Øp∂ a\p- Wyw I¿a--Ø n-eqsS {]m]n-°pI F∂Xp
hpw Xmgv∂ ]Sn-bn¬ \n¬ \o-Xn-hmZw Ah¿W-sc AwKo-Ic - n-°p-sa km[y-a-s√∂pw I¿a-m-[n-jvTn-X-amb Zzn-
°p∂ iq{Z≥am-sc-t∏mepw ∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv- XnI™ hntcm-[m-`m-k- P-Xz-sa-∂Xv Im¬]\n-I-amb Hcm-i-b-am-
a\p- j y- c m- b n- ° m- W m≥ am-Wv. X\-Xmb kwkvIm-c-hpw aX-hpw sW-∂p-amWv {_mlvaW-Ip-eØ - n¬ P\n
Ign-bm-Øh - n-[Ø- n¬ {]Xn- PohnXcoXn-Ifpw D≈-h-cmWv C¥y- ®p hf¿∂-h¿ [cn-°p-∂Xpw [cn-∏n-°p-
bnse Ah¿W-¿. Ah¿W-cpsS {]m¿Y- ∂-Xpw. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ GsXmcp
tem- a - I - kz- ` mhw ]pe¿ \-Iƒ, Bcm-[-\-Iƒ Pohn-X-co-Xn-Iƒ, PmXn-bnepw tbm\n-bnepw PmX-cm-b-
Øp∂ a\p-\o-Xn-hmZw A hnizm-kß - ƒ F∂n-hs - bm-s°bpw BZn- h¿°pw I¿a-ß-fn-eqsS {_mlvaWyw
h¿W-sc AwKo-I-cn-°p-sa {Zm-hnU kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ hI-t`-Z-ß- {]m]n-°m-sa∂p ]d-bp-∂Xpw ASn-ÿm-
∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv- XnI™ fn¬ \n∂v hnI-kn®p h∂n-´p-≈h - b- m-Wv. \-Øn¬ Ah¿W-sc sX‰n-≤-cn-∏n-°p-
hntcm-[m-`m-k-am-Wv. D]-cn-πh- I - a
- mb GsX-¶nepw coXn-If - n¬ ∂Xpw kmaqly h©-\-bm-Wv. D]-\-b-
Ah¿W-cpsS ]qPm-Zn-Itfm Bcm-[-\m- \m-Zn-I-fmb ip≤o-I-cW kwkvI-cW
Zn-Itfm kh¿W-cpsS coXn-I-fp-ambn I¿a-ß-fn-eqsS ZznP-Xz-hpw, {Ita-W -th-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 46
Z-˛-ssh-ZnI ]T-\-Øn-eqsS hn{]-Xzhpw {]m]n-°m-sa-∂Xv {]am-Wn-[n-jvTn-X-amb Ah¿W- ¿ °p I¬]n- ° - s ∏- S p- ∂ n- √ ;-
t\Sm- s a∂p ]d- b p- ∂ - h ¿ lnμp- [ ¿a- \nco-£n-W-am-sW-∂p-h-cn-In¬, {_mlva F∂n-cns°,- I¿a-Øm¬ {_mlvaWyw
Øn\v ImenI kmaq-ly-t_m-[-Øn-t\m- W-Ip-e-Øn¬ P\n-®-hcpw \q‰m-≠p-I- t\Snb Cug-hc - mZn Ah¿W-¿°v t£{X-
sSm- ∏ n® \qX- h ym- J ym\w \¬Ip∂ fmbn tjmUi kwkvIm-c-a-\p-k-cn®v ß-fn¬ ]qPm-cn-Ifpw im¥n-°m-cp-ambn
]cnjvI-c-W-hm-Zn-I-fm-Wv. CØ-c-°m- Pohn-®p-h-∂-hcpw ]n¥p-S¿∂X{Xbpw cn°m- s a∂v hmZn- ° p- ∂ Xp sX‰m- W v .
cpsS Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ßsf \njv{]`-am- sX‰pw Aim-kv{Xo-b-hp-amb coXn-I- tjmUi hn[n-{]-Imcw I¿a-ß-f-\p-jvTn-
°p∂ Xc-Øn¬ kmaqlybmYm¿Y-y- fmWv F∂p-h-cpw. am{X-hp-a√ h¿W-{I- °p∂ Xm{¥nI ]cn- ⁄ m- \ n- I - f mb
ßƒ XnIvXhpw cq£hpw hn]p-e-hp-am- a-a-\p-k-cn-®p≈ Pohn-X-Øn-eqsS ]Sn-]- Ah¿W¿°v tIc-f-Ønse t£{X-ß-
Wv. `qX-Im-eØ
- pw, h¿Ø-am-\I - m-eØpw- Sn- b mbn Db¿∂p- t ]m- b m¬ am{Xsa fn¬ im¥n-°m-cmbn {]h¿Øn-°m≥
bmYm¿Yy- ß - f psS t\¿°p \n¬°p- h¿W-Øn¬ Xmsg-bp-≈-h¿°v {_mlva Nne tImS-Xn-hn-[n-I-fp-sS-bpw, tZhkzw
hm≥ sslμh kmaq-ly-]-cnjvIcW Wyw {]m]n-°m≥ Ignbq F∂ kvarXn- t_m¿Uns‚bpw k¿°m-dn-s‚bpw Nne
hmZßƒ°p {XmWn-bp-≠m-bn-ń√ F∂- I-fnse Bi-bhpw At∏mƒ XnckvIcn- \S]Sn-I-fp-sSbpw ]n≥_-e-ap-≠m-Im-sa-
XmWv- hkvXp-X. Ah¿W¿°v {_mlva °-s∏-Spw. ]e P≥aßƒ ImØn-cn-°m ¶nepw Xm{¥nI hn[n-Iƒ {]Xn-]m-Zn-
Wyw {]m]n-°m-sa∂pw, I¿aWm {]m]y- sX GXp NWvUm-e-\pw Nne I¿aß- °p∂ {KŸ-ß-fp-sSbpw {]am-W-ß-fp-
am-Ip-∂-XmWv {_mlvaWyw F∂p-ap≈ fn-eqsS {_mlvaWyw {]m]n-°m-sa∂p sSbpw ]n≥_e-an√ F∂-XmWv hnkvXp-
\ho-I-c-W-hm-Zn-I-fpsS ho£Ww `qX- hcp-tºmƒ ]p\¿P≥aw, I¿a-m-[n-jvTn-X- X. Ah¿W¿ tjmU-i-hn-[n-Iƒ A\p-
Im-e-sØbpw bmYm¿Yy-ß-sfbpw Xnc amb h¿W-]-cn-Wmaw F∂n-h-sbms° h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ Xbm-dm-hpI F∂Xp
kvIcn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. D]-\-b-\mZn kwkv ]pdw-Xf - f
- s
- ∏-Sp∂ {]am-W]
- I
- j
- ß
- f- m-bn- Xs∂bpw hntcm-[m-`m-k-am-Wv. kh¿W-
I-cW {Inb-I-fn-eqsS NWvUm-e-\pw, Øo-cpw. Cu bmYm¿Y-yw Hm¿a-n-°p-∂-Xp- imkv{X-amWv tjmU-i-im-kv{Xw. AXv-
]©-a-\pw, Ah¿W-\pw {_mlvaWyw sIm-≠mWv tIc-f-Ønse {_mlvaW-k- Ah¿W¿°v _m[-I-am-°m-hp-∂-X-√.
aqlmwK-ßfpw tbmK-t£a k`-t]m- Ah¿W- Bcm-[\ - m-eb
- ß
- ƒ°v X{¥-hn-
ep≈ {]ÿm-\ß - fpw Ah¿W-cp-sSbpw [n-I-tam, ]qPm-Zn-I-fpsS kh¿W- coXn-
Xmgv∂ PmXn-°m-cp-sSbpw {_mlvaWy- im-kv{X-ßtfm _m[-I-a-√. Ah¿W-¿
{]m]vXn F∂ ho£-WsØ FXn¿°p- ]≠p Ime-ß-fn¬ Bcm-[\ \S-Øn-bn-
∂-Xv. lnμp-[¿a-Øns‚ {]am-W-ßƒ cp∂ tI{μ-ßƒ- amS-ßƒ, Be-b-ßƒ,
t\¿°p-t\¿ ]cn-tim-[n-°p-tºmƒ Cu Xpd-Iƒ, Xd-Iƒ, sImSn-ep-Iƒ Fs¥m-
]£-Øn-\mWv ap≥K-W\ \¬I-s∏-tS- s°-bmWv hnhn[ {]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ Adn-
Ah¿W-¿ lnμp-°-fmWv ≠-Xv. {_mlvaWyw I¿a-w sIm≠m-Wv, b-s∏-ń-cp-∂-Xv. t£{X-ß-fpsS kh¿W-
F∂ Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-Øn\p P≥aw sIm≠√ F∂ ho£Ww ]n∂m coXn-I-sfm∂pw Ah-bn¬ ]men-°-s∏-ń-
]n≥_ew C√m-Ø-Xp-sIm ° PmXn-I-fnse [nj-Wm-im-en-Ifpw cp-∂n-√. Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m-≠ns‚ BZy-Z-
≠p Xs∂ sslμh BNm- D∞m-\h - m-Zn-Ifpw D¬°¿tj-Op- °- f- p-am- i-I-ßƒ {]tXy-In®v {io\m-cm-b-W- Kp-
b-h¿ {]N-cn-∏n®p h∂n-´p≈ Hcp Nn¥m cp-hns‚ t£{X {]Xn-jvT-Iƒ Bcw-`n-
c-ßƒ A\p-jvTm-\-ßƒ
KXn-bmWv F∂p≈ kh¿W-]-£-Øn °p∂ Imewhscbpw Ah \ne-\n-∂n-
hnizm-k-co-Xn-Iƒ F∂n-h- s‚ hmZw sX-‰√ cp-∂p. amS≥, adp-X, Imfn, Iqfn, Ipd-
bp-ambn _‘-s∏´ Ah- Ah¿W-¿ lnμp-°-fmWv F∂ Ah- Øn, apt≠-Øn, NpS-e, `qXw, NmØ≥,
Im- i - h m- Z - Ø n\pw ]n≥ Im-i-hm-Z-Øn\p ]n≥_ew C√m-Ø-Xp- Icnw-Im-f≥- X-pS-ßnb ssZhk¶¬]-ß-
_ew e`n-°p-Ib - n-√. ssl sIm≠p Xs∂ sslμh BNm-c-ßƒ fp-ambn _‘-s∏´ amS-ß-fpw, aT-∏p-c-
μh Bcm-[\ - m-eb- ß
- f- mb A\p- j v T m- \ - ß ƒ hnizm- k - c o- X n- I ƒ Ifpw tIc-f-Ønse Ah¿W- P\-hn-`m-
F∂n-hb - p-ambn _‘-s∏´ Ah-Im-ih - m- K-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂p. DØ-
t£{X-ß-fp-ambn _‘-
Z- Ø n\pw ]n≥_ew e`n- ° p- I - b n- √ . c-˛Z- £
- nW tIc-fØ - ns‚ hnhn[ `mK-ß-
s∏´ ]qPm- Z n- I m- c y- ß ƒ fn-embn C∂pw \ne-\n¬°p∂ t£{X-
sslμh Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ß-fmb t£{X-
°pw ]u-tcm-ln-Xy-Øn-\p- ß- f p- a mbn _‘- s ∏´ ]qPm- Z n- I m- c y- ß-fn¬ Nne-sX-¶nepw Ah¿W- Bcm-
ap≈ Ah-Imiw PmXym¬ ßƒ°pw ]u-tcm-ln-Xy-Øn-\p-ap≈ Ah- [-\m-e-b-ßƒ hnI-kn-®p-≠m-h-bm-Wv.
{_mlvaW¿°mWv {]am- Imiw PmXym¬ {_mlv a W¿°mWv Ah¿W-¿ Ah-cpsS Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ß-
W-ßƒ hI-sh®p sImSp- {]am-W-ßƒ hI-sh®p sImSp-°p-∂-Xv. fn¬ Hcp \nebv°pw kh¿W- coXn-Iƒ
X{¥mZn sslμh imkv{X-ß-fm¬ ]cn- ]n¥p-St- c≠ Bh-iy-an√ F∂ ktμiw
°p-∂-Xv.
]m- e n- ° - s ∏- S p∂ t£{X- ß - f n¬ ]u- \¬Ip- h m- \ mWv - {io\mcm- b W Kpcp
tcmlnXy hrØn- \n¿h-ln-°p-hm≥ Ah Acp-hn-∏pdw {]Xn-jvTn-bn-eqsS {ian-®-Xv.
¿W¿°v {]am-W-ßƒ A[n-Imcw \¬ kh¿W-¿ Iø-S°n sh®n-´p≈ Xm{¥n-
Ip- ∂ n- √ . t£{Xm- c m- [ - \ - b psS Imcy- Im-hI - m-iß
- fpw ]qPm-hI - m-iß
- fpw Iø-
Øn¬t]mepw CØ-c-samcp A[n-Imcw S-°p-Itbm IS-∂m-{I-an-°p-Itbm sNtø-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 47
≠-bm-hiyw Ah¿W-¿°n-√. Ah¿W- i-ßfpw t\m°n-b√ Xm≥ {]XnjvT \S- W¿°pw t£{X kw_-‘-amb X{¥n-
¿ Ah-cpsS coXn-Ifpw Iogvhg-°-ßfpw Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. I-hn-[n-Iƒ \S-Øp-hm≥ Ah-Im-im-[n-
]n¥p-S¿∂m¬ aXn-bm-Ip-sa-∂mWv {io (2).- Ah¿W-¿ \S-Øp∂ {]Xn-jvT- Im-ca- p-s≠∂v- ]ecpw Ah-Im-is - ∏-Sp-∂p.
\m-cm-bWKp-cp- Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-Isf I-fn¬ kh¿W-cpsS \nb-a-ßfpw coXn- {io\mcm-bWKpcp-hns\ lnμp-\-thm-
BZy-Im-eØv- DZvt_m[n-∏n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. Ifpw ]cn-K-W-\o-b-ß-f-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ ∞m-\-Øns‚ BNm-cy-\mbn Nn{Xo-I-cn-
X{¥-imkv{Xw Adn-bm-hp∂ hy‡n-bm- Xm≥ \S-Ønb {]Xn-jvTsb kw_-‘n °p-∂X - p-hgn kwL-]c
- n-hm-dns‚ e£yw
bn-cp-∂n´pw {io\m-cm-W-b-Kpcp Acp-hn- ®v kh¿W-¿°pw bmsXm∂pw tXmt∂- Ah¿Wsc kz¥w ]£-tØ°v BI¿
∏pdw {]Xn-jvT-bn¬ AXns‚ Nn´-h-´-ß- ≠-bm-hiyw hcp-∂n-√. jn- ° pI F∂- X p- a m- { X- a m- W v . tIc- f -
sfm- ∂ pw- ]men®psIm- ≠ m- b n- c p- ∂ n√ Ønse hnhn-[-ÿ-e-ß-fn¬ kwL-]-cn-
(3).- Cug-h-cmZn Ah¿W-¿°v Ah-¿-
{]XnjvT \S-Øn-b-Xv. X{¥-hn-[n-I-fpsS hm-dns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ X{¥-hn-Zym-]oT-
B-in°pw hn[w t£{X-ßƒ ÿm]n-
ewL-\a - mWv Acp-hn-∏pdw inh {]Xn-jvT- ßƒ Bcw-`n-®Xv Ah¿W-¿°pw X{¥-
°p-h-m\pw BNm-c-ßƒ ]pe¿Øp-h-m-\p-
bpsS hnπ-h-am-\-ambn a\- n-em-t°-≠n- hnZy A`y-kn-∏n®v Ahsc t£{Xß
ap≈ kzmX{¥yw AwKo-I-cn®p In´pI
bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. adn-®m-sW-¶n¬ AXn¬ fn¬ im¥n-°m-cmbn \nb-an-°pI F∂
F∂- X mWv Xs‚ {]Xn- j v T - I - f psS
\thm-∞m-\tam hnπ-htam C√. e£y-tØmSp IqSn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. X{¥-hn-
e£yw.
Acp-hn-∏pdw {]Xn-jvTbpw Zym-]o-T-ß-fn¬ ]Tn-®n-d-ßp-∂-hsc Ah-
(4).- kh¿W-cpsS Nne _mly-co-Xn- cpsS PmXn-b-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ]cn-K-Wn-
Ah¿W-cpw Iƒ A\p-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v Ah¿W-cpsS °pI F∂-Xn-\-∏p-dw, kh¿W- t£{X-
tIc-f-Øn¬ kmaqly \thm-∞m-\- Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ß-fn¬ {Iao-I-cn-I-W-ß ß-fn¬ ]qPm-cn-°m-cmbn \nb-an-°p-hm≥
Øns‚ \mμn-Ip-dn® kw`hw F∂ \ne- ƒ \S-Øn-bm¬ Xs∂-bpw, Ah kh¿ X°-hÆw tIc-f-Ønse sslμ-h-k-
bn¬ Nn{Xo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-XmWv {io\m- W-[m-c-bn¬ \n∂v Xo¿®-bmbpw thdn´p- aqlw apt∂-dn-bn-´p-s≠∂v Dd-∏p-hc - p-Øm-
cm-bWKpcphns‚ Acp-hn-∏pdw inh{] \n¬°p-∂h Xs∂-bm-Wv. Ah-bn¬ sX-bp≈ kwL-]-cn-hm-dns‚ \o°-ßƒ
Xn-jvT. s\øm-dnse i¶-c≥ Ipgn F∂ ]q¿W-amb Ah-Im-im-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ Ah C°m-cy-Øn¬ {]l-k-\-am-{X-ß-fm-Wv.
Ib- Ø n¬ apßn {io\m- c m- b WKpcp ¿W¿ am{X-am-Wv.
Acp-hn-∏pdw apX¬°p≈ {io\m-cm-
Is≠-SpØ Hcp ine Acp-hn-∏p-dØv Hcp kh¿W-co-Xn-Iƒ ]n¥p-S¿∂pw, X bWKpcp-hns‚ kzX{¥ {]Xn-jvT-I-fn
]md-°√ - n\p apI-fn¬ At±lw {]Xn-jvTn- {¥m-[n-Imcw sNep-Ønbpw t£{X{]Xn- ¬\n∂v Bthiw Dƒs°m≠v Ah¿W
°p-I-bpw, AXv- i¶-c≥ AYhm inh≥ jvT-Iƒ \S-Øp-hm≥ Bh-iy-amb ]T- ¿ t£{X-ßf - nse Xm{¥n-Im-[n-Im-cß- ƒ
BsW∂v A\p-bm-bn-Isf t_m[y-s∏- \hpw Adn-hp-ap-≈-h¿°v kh¿W¿°p- °pw im¥n-∏Wn apX-em-b-h-°p-ambn
Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvX efn-X-amb kw`-h- IqSn _m[-I-amb hn[-Øn¬ t£{X Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ap-∂-bn-®m¬ AXw-Ko-I-cn-
amWv Acp-hn-∏pdw {]XnjvT.- sslμ-h - {]Xn-jvT-Iƒ \S-Øp-hm-\pw, t£{X-ß- °p-hm≥ kh¿W-hn-`m-K-ßƒ°v km[n-
Xm-{¥nI coXn-I-f-{Xbpw ]men-®p-sIm- fn¬ im¥n-hr-Ønbpw ]qPm-Zn-I¿a-ßfpw °p-I-bn-√. Imc-Ww, kh¿W-¿ hniz-kn-
≠m- b n- c p- ∂ pthm A√tbm F∂Xp \n¿h-ln-°p-hm-\p-ap≈ Ah-Imiw Dd-∏n- °p-∂Xv- Ah¿W-\mb {io\m-cm-bW
kw_-‘n®v {io\m-cm-bWKpcp-hns‚ °p-∂-Xm-Wv {io\m-cm-bWKpcp-hns‚ Kpcphns‚ {]Xn-jvT-Iƒ Bh-iy-amb
`‡≥am¿°n-S-bnse X¿°w CXp-h-sc t£{X-{]-XnjvTm- I¿a-ßƒ F∂p hym Xm{¥nI coXn-I-f-h-ew-_n-®m-bn-cp-∂n√
bpw Ah-km-\n-®n-ń-√. X{¥-hn-[n-Iƒ Jym-\n®XmWv Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ hnhm- F∂pw Xm{¥nI hn[n-{]-Im-c-am-bmepw
]men-®p-sIm≠v- Ah¿W-\mb Kpcp \S- Z-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm\ Xew F∂p Im kzoIm-cy-a-s√-∂p-amWv.- Ah¿Wcmhs´
Ønb {]Xn-jvT-bm-I-bm-emWv Nne¿ Wmw. bYm¿Y-Øn¬ Kpcp-hns‚ {]Xn- adn-®p-amWv- hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu c≠p
AXn¬ hnπhw Z¿in-°p-∂s - X-¶n¬, a‰p- jvT-Iƒ°v AØ-c-samcp A¿YXew hnizm-k-ßƒ XΩn¬ sshcp[-yw \ne-
Nn-e¿ hnπhw Z¿in-°p-∂Xv X{¥-hn-[n- D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. At±lw \S-Ønb {]Xn- \n¬°p- ∂ p. am{X- h p- a - √ , Ah¿W- ≥
Iƒ Kpcp- ew-Ln®p F∂n-S-Øm-Wv. k jvTm- N-S-ßp-Iƒ Ah¿W¿°v kh¿W- F{X-Xs∂ ]Tn-®-dn-™mepw Ahs‚
Xy-Øn¬ Ah¿W-\mb Kpcp X{¥-im- -hn[n {]Imcw t£{X-ßfpw t£{Xm-Nm- Ah¿W- k z- X zw, {_mlv a W¿°p≈
kv{X-sØbpw {]Xn-jvTm-]-c-amb X{¥- c- ß fpw Iøm- f m- \ p≈ Ah- I m- i hpw Ah-Im-im-[n-Im-c-ßƒ Iø-S-°p-∂-Xn\v
imkv{X Nn´-I-sfbpw kw_-‘n®v B A[n-Im-chpw Dd-∏n-°p-∂h - b
- m-bn-cp-∂n-√. XS- -am-sW-∂mWv- kh¿W-\ne-]m-Sv.
ka-bØp Nn¥n-°p-I-t]mepw sNbvXn- adn®v Ah¿W-¿°v Cu hnj-b-ß-fn- tIc-fØ- nse Nne t£{X-ßf - n¬ Ah¿
cn-°m-\n-S-bn√ F∂mWp a\- n-em-t°- se√mw kzmX-{¥y-hpw, kz¥w Xm¬]cy- W-sc im¥n-°m-cmbn \nb-an-°p-∂-Xp-am
≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂X - v. e`y-amb G‰hpw hniz- {]-Im-c-ap≈ Xnc-s™-Sp∏pw Ds≠∂p bn _‘-s∏´v Db¿∂p-h∂ hnhm-Z-Øn
k-\ob hnh-cW - ß - ƒ AØ-cØ - n-em-Wv. shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p. {io\m-cm-b- s‚ bYm¿Y- kz`mhw C∏-d-™-Xm-Wv.
Xm≥ {]Xn-jvTn-®Xv Cughi-nh-s\-bmWv W-Kpcp kz¥w {]Xn-jvTm-I¿a-ßƒ°v {]iv\w lnμp-[¿a-Øn-s‚bpw sslμh
F∂ Kpcp-hns‚ hni-Zo-Ic - W
- Ø- n¬ AS- I¬]n°mØ A¿Y- a mWv a‰p- N n- e ¿ hyh-ÿ-bp-sS-bp-amsW∂v- Npcp-°w.
ßnb Imcy-ßƒ Ch-bmWv:- I≠-Xv.
(1).- Ah¿W- P\-X-bpsS ]mcºcya- {io\m-cm-bW Kpcp \S-Ønb At\
\p-k-cn®v Xm{¥n-Im-[n-Im-chpw Ah-Im- Iw {]Xn-jvTI
- f
- psS NphSp ]nSn®v Ah¿
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 48
Xn-cp-sam-gn-
A-_q-ap-ô-Zv- ku-ay-X
k-X-y-hn-izm-kn-bp-sS-
kz-`m-hw-
B-C-i-()- ]-d-bp-∂p-:- \-_n-()- ]-d-™p-:- ""\n-iv-

N-b-am-bpw- A-√-m-lp- ku-ay-io-e-\m-Ip-∂p.- F-√m- ap-kv-enw.--
Im-cy-Øn-epw- A-h≥- ku-ay-Xs - b- C-jvS- s
- ∏-Sp-∂p''.-
-
ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n-()- ku-a-y-X-bp-sS- bpw- sN-øp-I.-...''- (3:-159).- ∏p-sIm-Sp-Ø- kw-`h - ß

- ƒ- l-Zo-Yv- {K-Ÿ-
bpw- ku-a-\-ky-Øn-s≥-d-bpw- Bƒ-cq-]- hy-‡n-]-c-am-bn- X-s∂- D-]-{Z-hn-°p- ß-fn¬- Im-Wmw.- \-∑-sb- Xn-∑-sIm-≠v-
am-bn-cp-∂p.- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B≥- ]Tn-∏n- I-bpw- th-Z\ - n-∏n-°p-Ib - pw- sN-bX
v- h- t- cm- {]-Xn-tcm-[n-°p-I- F-∂- ku-a\ - k - y-Øn-
°p-∂- k-Ie-hn-[- k¬-Kp-W-ß-fp-sS- Sv- \-_n-()- {]-Xn-Im-c- \-S-]-Sn- kzo-Icn s≥-d- D-Zm-Ø- am-Xr-I- \n¿-tZ-in-°p-∂-
bpw {]-tbm-K-h-Xv-I-c-W-am-bn-cp-∂p- A- ®
- n-cp-∂n-√;- - A-h¿-°v- am-∏p- \¬-Ip-Ib - m- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n-s≥-d- \-n-¿-tZ-iw ]m-
t±-lØ - n-s≥-d- Po-hn-Xw.- ho-´p-Im-tcm-Spw- Wv- sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂-Xv.- en-°p-∂X - n¬- \-_n-()- {i-≤m-ep-hm-bn-
\m-´p-Im-tcm-Spw- h-en-b-h-tcm-Spw- sN-dn- cp-∂p.
a-‰p-≈-h-cp-am-bn- C-S-]-g-In- Po-hn-°p-
b-htcm-Spw- an-{X-ßt- fm-Spw- i-{Xp-°t- fm- tºmƒ- A-\n-jv-S-I-c-am-b- ]-e- A-\p-`- ""\-√-Xpw- No-Ø-bpw- k-a-am-hp-I-bn-
Spw- P-¥p-Pm-e-ß-tfm-Sp-sa-√mw- A-\p-]- h-ß-fpw- D-≠m-hp-I- k-zm-`m-hn-Iw-.- A- √.- G-‰-hpw- \-√-Xv- G-tXm- A-Xp-s-Im-
a-am-b- ku-ay-X-bpw Im-cp-Wy-hpw- Im Ø- c w- A- \ p- ` - h - ß - f p- ≠ m- I p- t ºmƒ- ≠v- \o-(Xn-∑-sb)- {]-Xn-tcm-[n-°pI-.- A-
Wn-®- h-ni - m-e- a-\k
- Iv- \m-bn-cp-∂p- Ahn- £a- ssI-s°m-≈p-I- F-∂-Xv- D-∂-X- t∏mƒ- G-sXm-cp-h-\pw- \o-bpw- X-Ωn¬-
Sp-∂v.- ""tem-I¿-°v- Im-cp-Wy-am-bn-s°m- am-b- kz-`m-h-Kp-W-am-Wv.- H-cp- k-Xy-hn- i-{Xp-Xb - p-t≠m- A-h\ - X- m- (\n-s≥-d)- D‰-
≠-√m-sX \n-s∂- \mw- A-b-®n-ń-√''- F- izm-kn- B- Kp-W-Øn-s≥-d- D-S-a-bm-bn- _-‘p- F-t∂m-Ww- B-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.-
∂mWv- A-√m-lp- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n¬ cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.- £-a- ss-I-s°m-≠-h¿-°-√m-sX- A-Xn-
\p-≈- A-\p-{K-lw- \¬-I-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√.-
A-t±-ls - Ø-°p-dn-®v- ]-d™- n-´p-≈X- v- F- -""BC-i-() ]-d-bp-∂p-:- ""A-√m-lp-
∂-Xv- {]tXy-Iw- {]-kv-Xm-hy-am-Wv.- - h-ºn-®- `m-Ky-ap-≈-h-\√ -- m-sX- A-Xn-∂p-
hn-s≥-d- am¿-K-Øn¬- [¿-a-k-a-cw- \-S-
\-_n-()-bp-sS- ku-ay- X ≈- A-\p-{K-lw- \¬-Is - ∏-Sp-Ib - n-√''- (41:-
- s
- b- {]Io¿- Øp-tºm-g-√m-sX- \-_n-() H-cp- kv-{Xo-
34,-35).-
Øn-®p-sIm-≠v- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿B≥- ]d- sb-tbm- H-cp- th-e° - m-cs - \-tbm- kz-¥w-
bp-∂-Xv- Im-Wp-I-:- ssI-sIm-≠v- A-Sn-®n-ń-√.- Xn-cp-ta-\n-°v- ku-a-\-k-y-hpw- ku-ay-X-bpw- H-cp-
h-√- D-]{- Z-hh - p-ta-‰n-´v- A-tX¬-]n-®h - s- \- hy-‡n-sb- D-Ø-a-\m-b- a-\p-jy-\m-°-p-
""A-√m-lp-hn-¶¬- \n-∂p-≈- Im-cp-
A-hn-Sp-∂v- in-£n-®n-ń-√;- A-√m-lp-hn- I-bm-Wv- sN-øp-I.- A-bm-fn-te-°v- Bfp-
Wyw- sIm-≠m-Wv- \o- A-htcm-Sv- kuay-
s≥-d- hn-e-°p-Iƒ- ew-Ln-°-s∏-ń-´-√m- Iƒ- B-Ir-jv-S-cm-Ipw.- A-bm-s-f- B-fp-
am-b-n-- s]-cp-am-dn-b-Xv.- \o- H-cp- ]-cp-j-
sX.- A-t∏mƒ- A-hn-Sp-∂v- A-√m-lp-hn- Iƒ- C-jv-S-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- sN-øpw.- A-\m-
kz-`m-hn-bpw- I-Tn-\l - r-Zb
- \
- p-am- b
- n-cp-∂p-
\p-th-≠n- in-£m-\-S-]-Sn- kzo-I-cn-°pw''- h-iy-am-b- Kmw-ò-cy-hpw- ]-cp-jX - b- pw- {]-
sh-¶n¬- \n-s≥-d- Np-‰n¬- \n-∂pw- A-h¿-
(ap-kv-enw).- - I-Sn-∏n-°-p-∂-h¿- a-‰-p-≈-h-cp-sS- sh-dp-∏v-
]n-cn-™p-t]m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p.- B-Ib - m¬-
k-ºm-Zn-°p-I-bm-Wv- sN-øp-∂-Xv.-
\o- A-h¿-°v- am-∏p- sIm-Sp-°p-I-bpw- A- X-s∂- h-[n-°p-hm≥- th-≠n- i-]Y - w-
h¿-°p-th-≠n- ]m-]-tam-N-\w- tX-Sp-I- sN-bvX - n-b- ]-e¿-°pw- \-_n-()- am-
- n-dß
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 49
\-∑-bn¬- am-{X-w-
A-_q-A-ao≥-
k-l-I-cn-°p-I
"".......]p-W-y-Øn-epw- [¿-a-\n-jv-T-bn-epw- \n-ßƒ- A-t\-y-m-\yw- k-l-m-bn-°p-I-.- ]m]-

Ø-ne - pw A-Xn-{I-aØ
- n-epw- \n-ßƒ- A-t\y-m\ - yw- k-lm-bn-°c
- p-Xv.- \n-ßƒ- A√mlp-
sh- kq-£n-°p-I.- Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- A-√m-lp- I-Tn-\-am-bn- in-£n-°p-∂-h-\m-Ip-∂p-''-
(Jp¿-B-≥- 5:-2).-
\mw- kv-t\-ln-°p-∂-h-cpw- \-sΩ- kv i-am-bn- \o-Xn- \n-e\ - n¿-Øp-∂h - c- m-bn-cn-°- hn-tZz-j-tam- H-cp- hn-`m-K-tØm-Sv- A-\o-Xn-
t\-ln-°p-∂-h-cp-am-b- B¿-s°-¶n-epw- F Ww.- A-Xv- \n-ßƒ-°v- X-s∂-tbm,- \n-ßfp- Im-Wn-°p-hm≥- t{]-cn-∏n-®p-Iq-Sm- F-∂m-
s¥-¶n-epw- B-]Ø - v- kw-`h - n-®m¬- \-ap°v- sS- am-Xm-]n-Xm-°ƒ,- A-Sp-Ø- _-‘p-°ƒ- Wv- Jp¿-B-\n-s≥-d- B-lzm-\w-:-
hn-ja - ap-≠m-hp-I- kzm-`m-hn-Iw.- A-Xp-sIm- F-∂n-h¿-t°m- {]-Xn-Iq-e-am-bn-cp-∂m-epw- ""k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-I-tf,- \n-ßƒ- A-√m-
≠p-Xs - ∂- A-Xn¬-\n-∂v- A-hs - c- c-£s - ∏- i-cn.- (I-£-n)- [-\n-I-t\m- Z-cn-{Z-t\m- BI- lp-hn-∂p- th-≠n- \n-es - Im-≈p-∂h - c- pw- \o-
Sp-Øp-hm≥- \-ap-°m- h - p-∂X - -v \-Ωƒ- sNøpw. s´,- B- c-≠p- hn-`m-K-tØm-Spw- Iq-Sp-X¬- Xn-°v- km-£yw- h-ln-°p-∂-h-cp-am-bn-cn-
A-{I-an-bm-b- kz-¥° - m-cs - \- k-lm-bn-°p- _-‘a - p-≈h - ≥- A-√m-lp-hm-Ip-∂p-.- A-Xn- °p-I. H - c- p- P-\X
- t- bm-Sp-≈- A-a¿-jw- \oXn-
hm-\pw- A-h-s≥-d- sX-‰p-I-sf- \ym-bo-Icn- \-m¬- \n-ßƒ- \o-Xn- ]m-en-°m-sX- X-∂n- ]m-en-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥- \n-ßƒ-°-v t{]-cI-
°p-hm-\pw- {i-an-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv- an-°-h-cpw.- jvS- ß- s - f- ]n≥-]‰ - c- p-Xv.- \n-ßƒ- h-fs - ®mSn- am-Ic - p-X.v - \n-ßƒ- \o-Xn- ]m-en-°p-I.- AXm-
F-∂m¬- kz-¥w- B-fm-bm-b-Xp-sIm-≠v- °p-I-tbm- H-gn-™p-am-dp-I-tbm- sN-øp-∂- Wv- [¿-a-\n-jv-T-tbm-Sv- G-‰-hpw- A-Sp-ØXv.-
am-{Xw- H-cm-sf- ]n-¥p-W° - p-hm≥- C-ke v- mw- ]-£w- Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- \n-ßƒ- {]-h¿-Øn- \n-ßƒ- A-√m-lp-sh- kq-£n-°p-I.- Xo¿-
B-h-iy-s∏-Sp-∂n-√.- A-h-s≥-d- sN-bv-XnI °p-∂-Xn-s\- ]-‰-n-sb-√mw- kq-£v-a-am-bn- ®-bm-bpw- \n-ßƒ- {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-
ƒ- \ym-b-tam- A-\ym-b-tam- F-∂p-Iq-Sn- Adn-bp-∂-h-\m-Ip-∂p- A-√m-lp''- (4:-135).- I-pd
- n-s®-√mw- A-√m-lp- kq-£a v- a
- m-bn- Adn-
t\m-t°-≠X - p-≠v.- A-\y-mb - s- a-¶n¬- k-l- ""\n-s≥-d- k-tlm-Zc - ≥- A-{I-an-tb-m- a¿- bp-∂-h-\m-Ip-∂p''- (5:-8).-
I-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°¬- H-c-p- k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-bp- Zn-Xt- \m- B-bm-epw- \o- A-hs - \- k-lmbn- [¿-ahpw- A-[¿-ah - pw- \o-Xn-bpw- A-\o
sS I-S-a-bm-Wv.- °-Ww''-F∂ - v- \-_n-()- ]-d™ - t- ∏mƒ- A- Xn-bpw-- t\m-°m-sXbp-≈- A-‘a - m-b- FXn
{k-jv-Sm-hv- C-jv-S-s∏-Sp-∂- F-√m- I-m-- \p-N-c-∑m-cn¬-- Nn-e¿- tNm-Zn-®p-:-""\-_n-tb,- ¿-∏pw- t]m-cm-´-hp-sa-√mw- C-kv-em-an-I- hn-
cy-ß-f-n-epw- k-l-I-cn-°p-hm-\pw- A-h≥- a¿-Z-n-X-s\- k-lm-bn-°-W-sa-∂p- ]-d-™- cp≤-am-sW-∂m-Wv- {]-hm-N-I-≥-()- ]-Tn-
sh-dp-°p-∂- F-√m-‰n-epw- \n- -l-I-cn-°p- Xv- a-\- n-em-bn.- F-∂m¬- A-{I-an-sb- F- ∏n-®Xv.- h¿-Ko-b-X-p-sS-bpw- a-‰pw- t]-cn¬-
hm-\pw- \-ap-°mh-Ww.- k-Xy-hpw- \o-Xn- ß-s\-bm-Wv- k-lm-bn-°p-I?''.- At∏mƒ ]-c-kv-]cw- t]m-c-Sn-°p-∂-h-cp-≈- C-°m-
bpw- kz-¥-Øn-\pw- kz-¥° - m¿-°p-sa-Xn-cm- \-_n-()- ]-d™ - p-:- ""A-{I-an-bm-b- k-tlm- e-Øv- Ckv-em-a-n-Im-[ym-]-\-ß-fp-sS- {]-k-
bn-cp-∂m¬- t]m-epw- k-Xy- Ø - n-s≥-db - pw- \o- Z-cs- \- A-{I-aØ - n¬-\n-∂pw- ]-n¥ - n-cn-∏n-°- ‡n- h¿-[n-°p-Ib - m-Wv- sN-øp-∂X - v.- \-∑-
Xn-bp-sS-bpw- `m-K-Øv- \n-e-bp-d-∏n-°p-hm- em-W-Xv''.- bn-epw- ]p-WyØn-epw- [¿-aØ - n-ep-am-s°-
\m-Wv- k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-I-tfm-Sv- hn-ip-≤- C-Xn-\v- G-sd-bm-cpw- {i-≤n-°m-dn-√.- `m- k-lI - c- n-°p-∂tXm-sSm-∏w- Xn-∑b - n-epw- A-
Jp¿-B-≥- B-hiy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- - - - - j-bp-sS-bpw- tZ-i-Øn-s≥-d-bpw- sIm-Sn-bp- \o-Xn-bn-epw- \n- -l-I-cn-°p-hm-\p-≈-
Jp¿B≥- ]-db - p-∂p-:- ""k-Xy-hn-izm-kn- sS-bp-sam-s°- hy-Xy-m-kw- t\m-°n- I-£n- B¿-P-hw- Iq-Sn- k-ºm-Zn-°p-I.- A-√m-lp-
I-tf,- \n-ßƒ- A-√-m-lp-hn-\v- th-≠n- km- tN-cp-hm-\m-Wv- B-fp-Iƒ-°v- Xm¬-]-cy-w.- A-\p-{K-ln-°-s´.--
£yw- h-ln-°p-∂h - s - c-∂- \n-eb - n¬- IWn- G-sX-¶n-epw- X-cØ - n-ep-≈- ssh-cm-Ky-tam-
2006 s^-{_p--h-cn- 50

Samvadam Feb2006

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Samvadam Feb2006

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Samvadam Feb2006

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

]p-kv-X-I-w- c-≠-v / e-°w- F-´-v/ 2006 s^-{_p-h-cn-- -/1427 a-p-l-¿-dw-

Internet Edition: http://www.nicheoftruth.org/samvadam

Ckvemw am{X-amWv kXy-a-X-sa∂v ]q¿W-t_m-[y-ap-≈-h-\m-IWw

]Øv h¿j-tØmfw ss{IkvXh - a

Xm¶-fpsS IpSpw-_ -]›m-Ø-ew?- anj-\-dn-am-cpsS kvt\lm-\p-`-q-Xn-bn¬ Ibpw AXn\mbn Fs‚ CS-h-I-bpsS

D-kv-am≥- ]m-e-°m-gn- kw-L-]-cn-hm-dn-s≥-d- ]-{X-Øn¬- k-Zbw- A-\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-´- "ln-Iv-a-Øv'-

z J_vdn¬ Cl-tem-IsØ Ah-ÿ-bmtWm?

B-C-i-()- ]-d-bp-∂p-:- \-_n-()- ]-d-™p-:- ""\n-iv-

ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n-()- ku-a-y-X-bp-sS- bpw- sN-øp-I.-...''- (3:-159).- ∏p-sIm-Sp-Ø- kw-`h - ß

"".......]p-W-y-Øn-epw- [¿-a-\n-jv-T-bn-epw- \n-ßƒ- A-t\-y-m-\yw- k-l-m-bn-°p-I-.- ]m]-

You might also like