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    Aldrin taduran
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    1) Frictional forces oppose motion and come in two types: static friction that holds objects in place, and kinetic friction that opposes sliding motion. 2) Drag forces increase with the square of an object's velocity as it moves through a fluid. Drag depends on properties of the object and fluid. 3) Uniform circular motion requires a centripetal force directed toward the center of the circle, given by the formula a=v^2/r, where v is the velocity and r is the radius of the circle.

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    1) Frictional forces oppose motion and come in two types: static friction that holds objects in place, and kinetic friction that opposes sliding motion. 2) Drag forces increase with the square of an object's velocity as it moves through a fluid. Drag depends on properties of the object and fluid. 3) Uniform circular motion requires a centripetal force directed toward the center of the circle, given by the formula a=v^2/r, where v is the velocity and r is the radius of the circle.

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    19 views21 pages

    CH 6

    Uploaded by

    Aldrin taduran
    1) Frictional forces oppose motion and come in two types: static friction that holds objects in place, and kinetic friction that opposes sliding motion. 2) Drag forces increase with the square of an object's velocity as it moves through a fluid. Drag depends on properties of the object and fluid. 3) Uniform circular motion requires a centripetal force directed toward the center of the circle, given by the formula a=v^2/r, where v is the velocity and r is the radius of the circle.

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    of 21

    Chapter 6 - Force and

    Chatper 6 - Force and Motion II Motion II

    Friction

    Drag

    Uniform Circular Motion

    “Only in the frictionless vacuum


    of a nonexistent abstract world
    can movement or change occur
    without that abrasive friction of
    conflict.”
    - Saul Alinsky

    David J. Starling
    Penn State Hazleton
    PHYS 211
    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Friction Motion II

    Friction

    Frictional forces affect almost every situation and Drag

    Uniform Circular Motion


    tend to oppose motion.
    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Friction Motion II

    Friction

    Frictional forces affect almost every situation and Drag

    Uniform Circular Motion


    tend to oppose motion.

    The block wants to slide down the incline so friction


    opposes this motion.
    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Friction Motion II

    Friction
    Static friction ~fs is a force that holds an object in Drag

    place (so ~v = 0). Uniform Circular Motion


    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Friction Motion II

    Friction
    Static friction ~fs is a force that holds an object in Drag

    place (so ~v = 0). Uniform Circular Motion

    Even if the applied force ~F increases, the frictional force


    balances it.
    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Friction Motion II

    Kinetic friction ~fk is a force that opposes motion Friction

    Drag
    after an object begins to slide. Uniform Circular Motion
    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Friction Motion II

    Kinetic friction ~fk is a force that opposes motion Friction

    Drag
    after an object begins to slide. Uniform Circular Motion

    The kinetic friction force is less than the static friction force
    and the motion is jerky.
    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Friction Motion II

    Friction

    Drag
    Property 1: For a motionless object, ~fs points Uniform Circular Motion

    parallel to the contact surface and balances the


    sum of the other forces in the plane of that surface.
    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Friction Motion II

    Friction

    Drag

    Property 2: For motionless objects, the frictional Uniform Circular Motion

    force has a maximum value of

    fs,max = µs FN ,

    where µs is the coefficient of static friction and FN


    is the magnitude of the normal force.
    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Friction Motion II

    Friction

    Drag

    Property 2: For motionless objects, the frictional Uniform Circular Motion

    force has a maximum value of

    fs,max = µs FN ,

    where µs is the coefficient of static friction and FN


    is the magnitude of the normal force.

    If the other forces in that plane exceed fs,max , then the object
    slides.
    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Friction Motion II

    Friction
    Property 3: For objects in motion, the frictional
    Drag
    force is Uniform Circular Motion

    fk = µk F N ,

    where µk is the coefficient of kinetic friction.


    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Friction Motion II

    Friction
    Property 3: For objects in motion, the frictional
    Drag
    force is Uniform Circular Motion

    fk = µk F N ,

    where µk is the coefficient of kinetic friction.


    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Friction Motion II

    Lecture Question 6.1 Friction

    Three pine blocks of mass m are sitting on a rough surface as Drag

    Uniform Circular Motion


    shown. If the same horizontal force is applied to each block,
    which one of the following statements is false?

    (a) The coefficient of kinetic friction is the same for all three.
    (b) The magnitude of the force of kinetic friction is greater for
    block 3.
    (c) The normal force exerted by the surface is the same for all.
    (d) Block 3 has the greatest area in contact with the surface.
    (e) If the force is the minimum to start block 1 moving, then
    that same force could be used to start any block.
    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Drag Motion II

    Friction
    A blunt object experiences a drag force when it Drag

    moves through a fluid such as air. Uniform Circular Motion

    1
    FD = CρAv2
    2
    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Drag Motion II

    Friction
    A blunt object experiences a drag force when it Drag

    moves through a fluid such as air. Uniform Circular Motion

    1
    FD = CρAv2
    2
    C: drag coefficient, ρ: density of fluid, A: cross-sectional
    area, v: velocity of object
    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Drag Motion II

    Friction

    Drag

    Uniform Circular Motion


    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Drag Motion II

    Lecture Question 6.2 Friction

    A sky diver jumps from a flying airplane and falls for Drag

    several seconds before she reaches terminal velocity. She Uniform Circular Motion

    then opens her parachute, reaches a new terminal velocity,


    and continues her descent to the ground. Which graph of the
    drag force versus time best represents this situation?
    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Uniform Circular Motion Motion II

    Friction
    Objects moving in uniform circular motion
    Drag
    experience an acceleration toward the center of Uniform Circular Motion

    the circle given by ar = v2 /r.


    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Uniform Circular Motion Motion II

    Friction
    Objects moving in uniform circular motion
    Drag
    experience an acceleration toward the center of Uniform Circular Motion

    the circle given by ar = v2 /r.

    The tension ~T in the string is the centripetal force.


    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Uniform Circular Motion Motion II

    The equation of motion for an object in uniform Friction

    Drag
    circular motion is just:
    Uniform Circular Motion

    v2
    Fnet = ma → Fnet = m
    r
    Chapter 6 - Force and
    Uniform Circular Motion Motion II

    Friction

    Drag

    Lecture Question 6.3 A ball is whirled on the end of a string in Uniform Circular Motion

    a horizontal circle of radius R at constant speed v. By which one


    of the following means can the centripetal acceleration of the ball
    be increased by a factor of two?

    (a) Keep radius fixed and increase the period by a factor of 2.

    (b) Keep radius fixed and decrease the period by a factor of 2.

    (c) Keep radius fixed and increase the speed by a factor of 2.

    (d) Keep speed fixed and increase the radius by a factor of 2.

    (e) Keep speed fixed and decrease the radius by a factor of 2.

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