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The document is a physics project on the topic of Full Wave Bridge Rectifier submitted by Panav RG from Narayana E-Techno School for the academic year 2024-2025. It includes acknowledgments, a certificate of completion, and sections detailing the aim, theory, materials required, circuit diagram, working, applications, merits and demerits, and bibliography. The project aims to demonstrate the conversion of alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) using a full wave bridge rectifier.

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4 views

4 (1)

The document is a physics project on the topic of Full Wave Bridge Rectifier submitted by Panav RG from Narayana E-Techno School for the academic year 2024-2025. It includes acknowledgments, a certificate of completion, and sections detailing the aim, theory, materials required, circuit diagram, working, applications, merits and demerits, and bibliography. The project aims to demonstrate the conversion of alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) using a full wave bridge rectifier.

Uploaded by

panavisfabok1234
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

NARAYANA E-TECHNO SCHOOL

UTTARAHALLI

SESSION:-2024-2025
PHYSICS PROJECT
TOPIC-Full Wave Bridge Rectifier
ROLL NO: 18615619
CLASS:- 12th CBSE
SUBMITTED TO: Mr.Sarma
SUBMITTED BY: PANAV RG
Acknowledgement
I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my physics
teacher (Mr. Sarma) who gave me the golden opportunity to do this
wonderful project on the topic (Full wave bridge rectifier), which also
helped me in doing a lot of Research and i came to know about so many
new things I am really thankful to them.
Secondly, I would also like to thank my parents and friends who helped
me a lot in finalizing this project within the limited time frame.
Finally I would like to thank our principal, Mr.Kishore, whose constant
encouragement and support have been instrumental in the
successful completion of this project.
Certificate
This is to certify that Panav RG (Roll No:18615619 ) student
of class XII , NARAYNA E-TECHNO SCHOOL has
completed the project titled “Full Wave Bridge Rectifier”
during the academic year 2024 -25 in partial fulfilment of
Physics practical examination by Naryana E-Techno School.

Teacher in charge Examiner


Contents

- Aim

- Theory

-Materials required

-Circuit diagram

- Working

- Graph

- Applications

- Merits and Demerits

- Bibliography
Aim
To construct a full wave bridge rectifier and show that
that Alternating Current is rectified into a Direct Current.

Theory
The process of converting AC (which periodically reverses direction)
current into DC (which flows only in one direction) current is known
as Rectification.
The electrical device used to so is known as Rectifier.
Rectifiers have many uses, but are often found serving as
components of DC power supplies and high-voltage direct current
power transmission systems. Rectification may serve in roles other
than to generate direct current for use as a source of power.
The simple process of rectification produces a type of DC
characterized by pulsating voltages and currents (although still
unidirectional). Depending upon the type of end-use, this type of
DC current may then be further modified into the type of relatively
constant voltage DC characteristically produced by such sources as
batteries and solar cells.
A diode bridge is an arrangement of four (or more) diodes in a bridge
circuit configuration that provides the same polarity of output for
either polarity of input. When used in its most common application,
for conversion of an alternating current (AC) input into a direct
current (DC) output, it is known as a bridge rectifier. A bridge rectifier
provides full-wave rectification from a two-wire AC input, resulting in
lower cost and weight as compared to a rectifier with a 3-wire input
from a transformer with a centre-tapped secondary winding.

Materials Required
-Connecting wires

-Step-down transformer

-Diodes (4)
-Capacitor (1)

-LED (1)

Circuit Diagram
Working
Initially when the A.C. is supplied to the transformer, it steps down
the 220V main supply to 6 volts. It has a capability of delivering a
current of 500mA. The 6 volts A.C. appearing across the secondary
coil is the RMS value and the peak value is 8.4 volts. During the Ist
half cycle of the A.C. input Diode D1 is forward biased and a current
‘I’ flows in the circuit in the direction ABCDEFGHIJKLM. During this
time diodes D2 and D3 are reverse biased. So they do not conduct
any electric current.
During the next half cycle the diode D2 is forward and D1 is
reversed. Hence D2 conducts current in the direction
MLKJCDEFGHIA and D1 does not conduct any current.
In subsequent half cycles of the A.C current the above processes are
repeated. In both the half cycles it is clear that current flows through
LED in only one direction.
Even though the voltage across LED is unidirectional it will still
contain a few A.C components. This is filtered and made smooth
using a capacitor, which filters 99% of the A.C current.

Capacitor nearly filters all A.C components from the supply. But
there will be slight factor of A.C. current still left in the output but it
is negligible. The output Direct Current and voltage light up the
LED.

Graph
Applications
-Because of their low cost compared to centre tapped
they are widely used in power supply circuit.
-This can be used to detect the amplitude of modulated
radio signal.
-Bridge rectifiers can be used to supply polarized voltage
in welding.
-In daily life, rectifier find use in mobile chargers.

Merits and Demerits


Merits:-

- The rectification efficiency of full-wave rectifier is double


of that of a half-wave rectifier.
-The ripple voltage is low and of higher frequency in case
of a full-wave rectifier so simple filtering circuit is
required.
- Higher output voltage higher output power and higher
TUF in case of a full-wave rectifier.
- In a full-wave rectifier, there is no problem due to DC
saturation of the core because the DC currents in the
two halves of the transformer secondary flow in opposite
directions.

Demerits:-

- Full-wave rectifier needs more circuit elements and is


costlier.

Bibliography
-Physics – Textbook for class XII (NCERT)

-Laboratory Manual of Physics

-Encyclopaedias

Websites:-
- www.google.in
- www.wikipedia.org

- www.youtube.com

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