Antibodies
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Basic Immunology lesson for middle school. I included the blood components to give them a brief background. *You are free to edit if you find this useful to your class.
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Antibodies
- 1. Antibodies Prepared by: Ms. Dhen Villanueva
- 2. Vocabulary • Antibodies • Blood • Immunoglobulin • Phagocyte • Lymphocyte • Antigens
- 3. Blood • Blood is composed of cells and plasma. The cells include red blood cells, and platelets.
- 4. Components of blood • Red cells (called erythrocytes) normally make up 40-50% of the total blood volume. They transport oxygen from the lungs to all of the living tissues of the body and carry away carbon dioxide.
- 5. • White cells (called lymphocytes) are the first responders for our immune system.
- 6. • Platelets , or thrombocytes , are cell fragments without nuclei that work with blood clotting chemicals at the site of wounds.
- 7. • Plasma- is the relatively clear, yellow tinted water (92+%), sugar, fat, protein and salt solution which carries the red cells, white cells, and platelets. • It contains nutrients, electrolytes, hormones and protein antibodies to fight infection. ref: http://anthro.palomar.edu/blood/blood_components.htm and http://wonderopolis.org/wonder/how-much-blood-is-in-your-body/
- 8. Antibodies • Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are Y-shaped proteins that are produced by the immune system to help stop intruders from harming the body.
- 9. Phagocyte • a cell (as a white blood cell) that engulfs and consumes foreign material (as microorganisms) and debris WBC classes- monocyte and neutrophil
- 10. Lymphocyte • a form of small leukocyte (white blood cell) with a single round nucleus, occurring especially in the lymphatic system.
- 11. T-cells • a lymphocyte of a type produced or processed by the thymus gland and actively participating in the immune response.
- 12. B-cells • a lymphocyte not processed by the thymus gland, and responsible for producing antibodies.
- 13. • Antigens are viruses, bacteria, or other chemicals. When an antigen is found in the body, the immune system will create antibodies to mark the antigen for the body to destroy.
Editor's Notes
- Individual white cells usually only last 18-36 hours before they also are removed, though some types live as much as a year. The description of white cells presented here is a simplification. Individual white cells usually only last 18-36 hours before they also are removed, though some types live as much as a year. The description of white cells presented here is a simplification.
- Individual platelets are about 1/3 the size of red cells. They have a lifespan of 9-10 days. Like the red and white blood cells, platelets are produced in bone marrow from stem cells. Recent research has shown that platelets also help fight infections by releasing proteins that kill invading bacteria and some other microorganisms. In addition, platelets stimulate the immune system. Individual platelets are about 1/3 the size of red cells. They have a lifespan of 9-10 days. Like the red and white blood cells, platelets are produced in bone marrow from stem cells.