Hazardous-Waste Management

HAZARDOUS WASTE
MANAGEMENT
BY
ARKADEEP DEY
TO,
DR. PAPIA DATTA
Assistant Professor of Chemistry
RCCIIT

Inorganic & organic chemicals
Petroleum refineries
Iron & steel
Non ferrous metals
Leather tanning
Metal finishing .

1.IGNITABILITY
IGNITABIE
WASTE
2.CORROSIVITY
CORROSIVE
WASTE
TOXIC
WASTE
3.REACTIVITY
REACTIVE
WASTE
4.TOXICITY

 Aim at providing control
 Specify the responsibilities
 Regulations governing generators of Hazardous Waste
1. Preparation for transport
2. Manifestation requirements
3. Record keeping and reporting
 Regulations governing transporters of Hazardous Waste
1. Notification prior to transport
2. Manifestation requirements

HAZARDOUS WASTE LABELING
Use of hazardous waste labels: A generator who is accumulating
hazardous waste on-site in containers must ensure that the
containers are properly marked using hazardous waste labels .
Label identifications: There are 3 typical hazardous waste labels
that may be used:- Hazardous wastes, Universal wastes & Empty
wastes .

1. Waste minimization
2. Detoxification & neutralization of waste by treatments
3. Destruction of combustible waste by incineration
4. Solidification of sludge & ash from step 2 & 3
5. Disposal of residues in landfills

:
 Helps in resource conservation ,economic efficiency & environmental
protection.
 The strategies include-
• source reduction,
• recycling
• waste exchange.


• Involves variety of separation techniques
• Whenever a waste containing liquid & solid
must be treated.
Physical processes are:-
Screening
Sedimentation
Centrifugation
Flotation
Adsorption
Stripping
Reverse Osmosis.


 To make the complete breakdown of HW into non
toxic form and
 To reduce the hazard of a particular waste
Chemical methods are :
o Neutralization
o Precipitation
o Oxidation
o Reduction

 Neutralization : carried out when the waste contains
excessive amount of acid or alkali.
 Oxidation : used to destroy toxic cyanide molecule
with oxidising agents .
 Reductions : Used in the conversion of hexavalent
chromium into trivalent chromium before it can be
precipitated.
 Anodic electrolysis: used for the destruction of
cyanide in spent stripping & plating solutions.

 Biological treatment:
 Different types of microorganisms are used for
degradation of specific compounds of HW
 Some microbes found in soil & sewage sludge
have been tested in the degradation of organic
chemicals
 Tests have been conducted to degradation of
organic chemicals .
 Pseudomonas bacteria – benzene, phenol,
cresol

3.INCINERATION :
 Able to achieve 99.99% destruction & removal efficiency of
hazardous components in waste .
 Primary products are CO2,vapour & ash .
 Sulphur bearing wastes gives off SO2,CO2,H2O when
incinerated.
 By product of incomplete combustion are sometime more
harmful.
Types of incinerators : i)Liquid injection system
ii)Rotary kilns

4.Solidification or Stabilization :
 Convert the waste into an insoluble, rock hard material.
 Additive materials used to reduce the mobility of
pollutants in the waste.
 Certain materials like nickel cannot be destroyed or
detoxified by above methods
 The residues that are left out are solidified to reduce
the leach ability .

5.DISPOSAL METHODS:
 The options for disposal include land disposal,
underground disposal &deep well injection .
 The choice of disposal method should be based on
evaluation of economics & potential pollution
risks.
 To prevent environmental pollution from landfills,
it is essential that site c/s are taken into account.

Hazardous-Waste Management

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