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The success of the teachers’ trainers’ transfer of training can be affected by several factors like teaching self-efficacy, motivation to learn and transfer, and intention to transfer the gained skills and knowledge. This study seeks to... more
The success of the teachers’ trainers’ transfer of training can be affected by several factors like teaching self-efficacy, motivation to learn and transfer, and intention to transfer the gained skills and knowledge. This study seeks to analyze the structural relationships among the above-mentioned constructs by integrating the constructs of perceived usefulness and satisfaction of the ICT training programme. The analysis is conducted on quantitative data collected from 117 teacher educators participating in a national programme on “Teachers training on the use and application of digital technologies in the teaching practice” in Greece. Results of the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) revealed that perceived usefulness and satisfaction of the training programme had a significant positive effect on the teachers’ self-efficacy and intention to transfer the gained ICT training knowledge and skills. Also, pre-training and post-training self-efficacy exerted a direct influence on the teachers’ intention to transfer, motivation to transfer, and motivation to learn. The potential contribution and practical implications in the field of adult education and teachers’ continuing professional development are discussed in the paper.
Using examples and non-examples is a common technique to demonstrate concepts’ characteristics and boundaries. Based on their properties, certain objects are accepted as examples or non-examples intuitively, while others are accepted or... more
Using examples and non-examples is a common technique to demonstrate concepts’ characteristics and boundaries. Based on their properties, certain objects are accepted as examples or non-examples intuitively, while others are accepted or neglected non-intuitively. This 2*2 classification is powerful when designing technology-enhanced learning experiences in which feedback could be provided in real-time. That is, feedback could be based not only on the correctness of student response, but also on the specifics of the objects with which they were engaged. Following this framework, we developed an interactive sorting task that aims at strengthening elementary school students’ understanding of reflective symmetry. We studied learners’ interaction with the objects presented to them, and their success. Our study included 29 elementary school students (ages 9 to 12) from both Israel and Germany. We used screen recording to code participants’ shape-movements, and defined quantitative measures of these movements. Our findings support the need for designing feedback that takes into consideration object’s properties and students’ behavior.
Using examples and non-examples is a common technique to demonstrate concepts’ characteristics and boundaries. Based on their properties, certain objects are accepted as examples or non-examples intuitively, while others are accepted or... more
Using examples and non-examples is a common technique to demonstrate concepts’ characteristics and boundaries. Based on their properties, certain objects are accepted as examples or non-examples intuitively, while others are accepted or neglected non-intuitively. This 2*2 classification is powerful when designing technology-enhanced learning experiences in which feedback could be provided in real-time. That is, feedback could be based not only on the correctness of student response, but also on the specifics of the objects with which they were engaged. Following this framework, we developed an interactive sorting task that aims at strengthening elementary school students’ understanding of reflective symmetry. We studied learners’ interaction with the objects presented to them, and their success. Our study included 29 elementary school students (ages 9 to 12) from both Israel and Germany. We used screen recording to code participants’ shape-movements, and defined quantitative measure...
While augmented reality (AR) can offer many advantages in education, one reason for the difficulty of integrating it in instructional practices is the lack of teachers’ AR competences. Therefore, there is an increasing need to address the... more
While augmented reality (AR) can offer many advantages in education, one reason for the difficulty of integrating it in instructional practices is the lack of teachers’ AR competences. Therefore, there is an increasing need to address the required competences needed by teachers to effectively integrate augmented reality (AR) in their teaching. This study develops and validates a comprehensive augmented reality competences scale for teachers. The suggested instrument encompasses skills related to the creation, use and management of augment reality resources for teaching. The scale was validated on a sample of 150 educators from 45 countries teaching in primary, secondary or tertiary levels. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated valid results in terms of model fit criteria, factor loadings, validity, and reliability. The final scale is composed of 11 items and 4 competence components. Teaching subject, general digital skills and previous AR class experience revealed significant di...
The integration of augmented reality (AR) in education is promising since it enhances teaching and offers more engaging and appealing learning experiences. Teachers can have a catalytic role towards the adoption of AR in education;... more
The integration of augmented reality (AR) in education is promising since it enhances teaching and offers more engaging and appealing learning experiences. Teachers can have a catalytic role towards the adoption of AR in education; therefore, their perspectives with regard to AR in teaching and learning are very important. The current study explores teachers’ views on the integration of AR in education through an open-ended questionnaire that has been answered by 93 educators worldwide. A set of digital skills that can support student-centered pedagogies in an appropriate infrastructure are the main requirement for effective teaching with AR. Among the perceived benefits and opportunities are interactive teaching and learning, increased interest and engagement, better understanding of complex concepts. As barriers, participants reported the lack of AR educational applications, the cost of buying and maintaining AR equipment and resources, the lack of teachers’ and students’ digital ...
Towards the transition to blended and remote education, evaluating the levels of students’ digital competence and designing educational programs to advance them is of paramount importance. Existing validated digital competence scales... more
Towards the transition to blended and remote education, evaluating the levels of students’ digital competence and designing educational programs to advance them is of paramount importance. Existing validated digital competence scales usually ignore either important digital skills needed or new socio-technological innovations. This study proposes and validates a comprehensive digital competence scale for students in higher education. The suggested instrument includes skills of online learning and collaboration, social media, smart and mobile devices, safety, and data protection. The scale was evaluated on a sample of 156 undergraduate and postgraduate students just before and at the beginning of the COVID-19 crisis. The final scale is composed of 28 items and six digital competence components. The evaluation study revealed valid results in terms of model fit criteria, factor loadings, internal validity, and reliability. Individual factors like the students’ field of study, computer e...
Teachers’ digital competence (DC) is an important condition for the effective application of technology in education. Although several DC tools have been designed, adjustments to digital education and pedagogical or professional... more
Teachers’ digital competence (DC) is an important condition for the effective application of technology in education. Although several DC tools have been designed, adjustments to digital education and pedagogical or professional components are still scarce. Therefore, this study aims at developing a new instrument for assessing teachers’ DC regarding their pedagogical and professional activities in the context of digital school and digital education. The study also examines the teachers’ total DC scores and explores the differences between teacher profiles on a sample of 845 teachers in primary and secondary education in Greece. The final instrument comprises 20 items allocated in six components: 1) Teaching preparation; 2) Teaching delivery & students’ support; 3) Teaching evaluation & revision; 4) Professional development; 5) School’s development; and 6) Innovating education. The PLS-SEM analysis indicated the validity and reliability of the model in respect to its factorial struc...
The IJTEL young researcher special issue on ‘Ground-breaking fresh ideas in technology enhanced learning’ is a bit different than other journal special issues. The main idea of IJTEL’s editor in chief Ambjörn Naeve was to have a platform... more
The IJTEL young researcher special issue on ‘Ground-breaking fresh ideas in technology enhanced learning’ is a bit different than other journal special issues. The main idea of IJTEL’s editor in chief Ambjörn Naeve was to have a platform where PhD students and early post-docs can present their visions for TEL. Freed from the empirical limitations of a dissertation, it should allow young researchers to take a step back and bring fresh ideas to the field. This concept was picked up by an enthusiastic group of guest editors consisting of PhD students and young postdocs at JTEL Summer School 2010. But not only is the theme something different, we also tried to innovate in the process: the programme committee included experienced reviewers as well as novel reviewers to get different perspectives on the submitted papers. Furthermore, we provided an ideas clinic, where potential authors could present their ideas and seek feedback and collaboration. An abstract submission prior to the full ...
During the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic, most schools worldwide were closed and online teaching replaced face-to-face teaching. This study reports the results of a survey among 845 teachers of primary and secondary education in... more
During the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic, most schools worldwide were closed and online teaching replaced face-to-face teaching. This study reports the results of a survey among 845 teachers of primary and secondary education in Greece who taught their students fully remotely during the pandemic lockdown. These Greek teachers expressed the difficulties that they faced as well as the opportunities that they gained during this emergency distance teaching (EDT). Through qualitative content analysis this study found that everyone (students, teachers, and state) involved in EDT faced various difficulties due to digital infrastructure’s inadequacy, limited support by the state, limited digital educational material, as well as low digital literacy of students, parents, and even some teachers. On the other hand, there were many opportunities for teachers to experiment and apply their prior training knowledge on distance education to EDT. More concretely, teachers managed not only to...
Augmented reality, the technology that augments real environments with virtual components, is constantly evolving. Augmented reality (AR) has the potential to offer immersive, authentic, and meaningful learning experiences to students and... more
Augmented reality, the technology that augments real environments with virtual components, is constantly evolving. Augmented reality (AR) has the potential to offer immersive, authentic, and meaningful learning experiences to students and therefore enhance learning. However, the effective integration of augmented reality into teaching requires from teachers to master a special set of digital competencies. The current study proposes a framework that defines the augmented reality competencies that teachers should have in order to effectively integrate augmented reality into their teaching. The framework comprises four dimensions: basic augmented reality literacies, create, use, and manage augmented reality learning resources. Based on the proposed framework, the study introduces also the Teachers' Augmented Reality Competencies (TARC) questionnaire that can help educators to self-assess and develop their AR competencies in order to integrate augmented reality in their practice
The literature provides rich evidence on students’ levels of digital skills as well as on their frequency of Internet and social media use. Several studies have examined the relationships between social media use and academic achievement.... more
The literature provides rich evidence on students’ levels of digital skills as well as on their frequency of Internet and social media use. Several studies have examined the relationships between social media use and academic achievement. However, there are not any studies investigating the relationships between social media use and digital skills of higher education students. To fill this research gap, this study examines the links between the frequency of social media use and students’ digital skills. The survey was conducted with 155 university students in Greece. The instrument on six digital skills components was evaluated in terms of reliability and consistency. The research findings reveal a strong positive association between the use of YouTube and students’ digital skills on content evaluation and protection. Age and educational level differences were noted in several digital skills components, whereas age and gender were related to the frequency of Instagram use. The main ...
During the covid-19, it became apparent the imperative need for openly available digital educational resources to be used in education which has been shifted to Online Remote Teaching and Learning. It is important for teachers to be able... more
During the covid-19, it became apparent the imperative need for openly available digital educational resources to be used in education which has been shifted to Online Remote Teaching and Learning. It is important for teachers to be able to utilize Open Educational Resources (OERs) in education. This paper develops a framework for designing Teachers’ Training programmes on how to integrate OERs in the teaching practice. The framework consists from six modules: 1) Introduction to OERs, 2) Exploring & Evaluating existing OERs, 3) Using OERs, 4) Communicating & Sharing OERs, 5) developing OERs, and 6) Open Educational Practices (OEPs). The paper also defines OERs & OEPs competence. Finally, educational policy authorities may use this framework to design training programmes for teachers on how to integrate OERs in their teaching.
Aim/Purpose: The study examines the teachers’ perceptions towards a set of socio-emotional characteristics of distance education (DE) in primary and secondary schools during the Covid-19 pandemic. The examined characteristics include... more
Aim/Purpose: The study examines the teachers’ perceptions towards a set of socio-emotional characteristics of distance education (DE) in primary and secondary schools during the Covid-19 pandemic. The examined characteristics include perceived joy, stress, effort/fatigue, isolation, inclusiveness, and collaboration/interaction. Background: The transition to emergency distance education had a large socio-emotional impact on teachers. Recent evidence certifies an increase in mental health issues like stress and load. Studies also recognized online teaching barriers including difficulties in communication and interaction with students. This study focuses on the examination of the socio-emotional characteristics of distance education as perceived by primary and secondary education teachers in Greece. The study also investigates differences between primary and secondary education, teaching disciplines, and the role of individual factors like gender, age, and experience. Methodology: The ...
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review ontologies and data models currently in use for augmented reality (AR) applications, in the cultural heritage (CH) domain, specifically in an urban environment. The aim is to see the current... more
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review ontologies and data models currently in use for augmented reality (AR) applications, in the cultural heritage (CH) domain, specifically in an urban environment. The aim is to see the current trends in ontologies and data models used and investigate their applications in real world scenarios. Some special cases of applications or ontologies are also discussed, as being interesting enough to merit special consideration.Design/methodology/approachA search using Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect and IEEE Xplore was done in order to find articles that describe ontologies and data models in AR CH applications. The authors identified the articles that analyze the use of ontologies and/or data models, as well as articles that were deemed to be of special interest.FindingsThis review found that CIDOC-CRM is the most popular ontology closely followed by Historical Context Ontology (HiCO). Also, a combination of current ontologies seems to be t...
ABSTRACT: Inequalities between men and women exist not only in economy and society but also in education all over the world. Many initiatives are launched to empower women with advanced skills in many countries. This paper describes the... more
ABSTRACT: Inequalities between men and women exist not only in economy and society but also in education all over the world. Many initiatives are launched to empower women with advanced skills in many countries. This paper describes the policies and initiatives to foster gender equality in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)-related education and employment in Greece. National and European Union (EU) statistics show that there exists a wide gender gap in ICT-related higher education participation, employment, and salaries in Greece. Various policies and initiatives aim at empowering women with digital skills. The paper suggests a framework to fight gender discrimination in ICT across four (4) dimensions (ICT education & training, digital tools & infrastructure, people networking, ICT jobs) and three (3) axes (access, use & participate, create). The resulting framework consists of twelve (12) areas. The paper gives example strategies for some of the areas. Finally, the p...
With millions of participants, Erasmus+ is a unique opportunity to study, train, gain work experience or volunteer abroad. However, the lack of language competences is still one of the main barriers to participation in European education,... more
With millions of participants, Erasmus+ is a unique opportunity to study, train, gain work experience or volunteer abroad. However, the lack of language competences is still one of the main barriers to participation in European education, training, and youth programs. This work aims to identify, analyze and present the language needs of the participants involved in mobility activities supported under Erasmus+ Key Action 1. Data were collected by means of an online questionnaire to identify all the necessary information regarding the language needs of the Erasmus+ KA1 Mobility participants as well as their motivations to participate in the mobility. Also, in order to collect additional information in creating a profile and identifying the linguistic needs of all the Erasmus+ participants, a series of semi-structured interviews with Erasmus+ key stakeholders and with Erasmus+ National Agency Officers was conducted. Findings from the online questionnaire and interviews revealed important considerations regarding the language needs of the participants, their motivations and expectations, as well as their challenges/difficulties during the mobility. The contribution of this manuscript is to provide a piece of new knowledge regarding the Erasmus+ KA1 participants profiles emphasizing the need for new strategies to facilitate further mobility in the context of Erasmus+ and enhance the idea of multilingualism across Europe.
The emergent shift of all education activities to online remote teaching and learning (due to the pandemics) revealed the need of having teachers with advanced digital skills. This paper describes long term policies and initiatives to... more
The emergent shift of all education activities to online remote teaching and learning (due to the pandemics) revealed the need of having teachers with advanced digital skills. This paper describes long term policies and initiatives to enhance teachers’ digital skills in Greece. A variety of government authorities are responsible to issue and implement policies for promoting digital skills. Thousands of teachers have been trained in integrating digital technologies in their teaching practice. They are from all disciplines and subjects in primary and secondary education. Furthermore, implemented projects offer a huge number of educational resources to support teachers in their teaching practice.
The design of an online open and highly interactive language learning environment is quite challenging as it entails a variety of specific factors to be carefully considered. One of the main challenges of the OPENLang Network project is... more
The design of an online open and highly interactive language learning environment is quite challenging as it entails a variety of specific factors to be carefully considered. One of the main challenges of the OPENLang Network project is to create an open and collaborative language learning environment for networking between language learners and teachers across Europe. The OPENLang Network platform envisages to bring together Erasmus+ mobility participants that wish to improve their language skills and cultural knowledge as well as volunteer educators who would like to offer support to all learners and share open language learning resources. This initiative is funded by the Erasmus+ programme and aims at raising language awareness of mobility participants, as well as fostering the Open Education European multicultural and multilingual vision via Open Educational Resources (OERs) and Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). The development of the OPENLang Network language learning enviro...
This paper argues that Openness in Education has multiple meanings (interpretations). Next, it defines and describes eleven meanings of Openness in Education. Finally, it evaluates the Openness as Diversity (one of these eleven meanings)... more
This paper argues that Openness in Education has multiple meanings (interpretations). Next, it defines and describes eleven meanings of Openness in Education. Finally, it evaluates the Openness as Diversity (one of these eleven meanings) of ten Language Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). The results reveal that these MOOCs provide limited Openness as Diversity.
The evolution of literacies in the digital age demands to pass from the acquirement of ‘pencil and paper’ literacies to digital literacies. In 2006 Digital Literacy has been acknowledged by the European Parliament as a key skill for the... more
The evolution of literacies in the digital age demands to pass from the acquirement of ‘pencil and paper’ literacies to digital literacies. In 2006 Digital Literacy has been acknowledged by the European Parliament as a key skill for the 21st century and as one of the four foundational skills for learning, while in the European Commission’s 2010 Digital Agenda it was decided that the Digital Literacy is one of its seven pillars. However, most teachers lack sufficient Digital Competences that encompass not only ICT skills but also a list of abilities such as the ability to introduce in teaching practice technologies using creative ideas and innovative methodologies and also the ability to safely use information and communication technologies (ICT) respecting copyrights and licensing. The outcomes of the OECD 2009 report reflect this problem and underline the big need not only to integrate ICT into schools' curricula, but also to invest in teachers’ training in order to use technologies for teaching and for supporting students in their learning processes. Another survey (Survey of Schools:ICT in Education, EU, 2013, known as ESSIE), which aimed to benchmark progress in ICT in education in 31 countries, also found that most teachers have been familiar with ICT for teaching and learning for some years but still use it first and foremost to prepare only their teaching. In order to address this need, a questionnaire (35 questions) was developed in the framework of the ISCH COST Action IS1404 ‘Evolution of reading in the age of digitisation’ (E-READ, www.ereadcost.eu), funded by the European Union. Its main aim was to investigate teachers’ confidence on their digital literacy and to explore their training needs in order to build their digital competences. It was inspired by the European Framework for the Digital Competence of Educators (DigCompEdu, 2017) and it was jointly developed by researchers from the University of Macedonia (Greece), University of Nicosia (Cyprus), Trnava University (Slovakia) and University of Barcelona (Spain). More than 300 responses from Primary and Secondary Education teachers from 4 different countries (Cyprus, Greece, Slovakia, Spain) were collected. First results revealed significant differences between countries, regarding teachers’ confidence in using digital resources in teaching practices and in the ways that they introduce technology in classroom. Research data analysis has also shown that the need for teachers’ training in digital literacy is quite high but different in each country. Furthermore, research results revealed that educational qualification and Continuous Professional Development level were both significant positive predictors of confidence in most cases (p < .05). This paper aims to present first the theoretical background on which it was based the creation of the questionnaire, then to describe the research methodology, and finally to analyse and discuss its first findings. In the second stage of this research, we aim to collect data from all European countries in order to better map the teachers’ Digital Literacy Training Needs across Europe.

And 51 more

"Presenting and sharing research is, in most cases, a secondary task for a researcher. However, its importance cannot be underestimated, as obtaining research results is not enough – they should be contributed to the society. Social Media... more
"Presenting and sharing research is, in most cases, a secondary task for a researcher. However, its importance cannot be underestimated, as obtaining research results is not enough – they should be contributed to the society. Social Media can support this process. Nowadays emerging technologies have changed the way that everyone finds, presents and communicates information opening up new forms of undertaking and disseminating research. Researchers have now the possibility to work in collaboration and communicate their research results in a highly efficient way making use of the power of Web 2.0 tools.

It is though important to know which tools you will choose for each purpose, in which way and to what extend, in order to achieve successfully your goals. In fact, there is no single ’right way’ for researchers to use Web 2.0 tools in order to improve the way they work. How you use them will depend on you, your discipline, those around you and the research you are doing. There are though some important and useful “key-actions” that could support this process.
Objectives of the workshop:

The general goals of the proposed workshop is to provide the participants with practical guidelines and alternative perspectives on searching and selecting useful info for their research as well as presenting and sharing their research results. After the workshop, the participants should be able to consider various types of sharing and presenting their research and improve their skills in using them.
More specifically, this workshop aims to:
1. introduce the idea (and its importance) of scientific publishing and sharing research results;
2. give useful advice on how to build a dissemination web strategy;
3. introduce useful social media tools for researchers;
4. give ideas on how to build up a network and how to curate and filter useful networks;
5. show how to manage information overload;
6. give practical tips on creating links between SNSs;
7. show how researchers can measure the impact of their digital footprint and choose the appropriate Web analytics tools
8. show how to maximize the traffic of a site or a blog and create viral effects;
9. give practical tips on how to prepare and where to publish research results.

Brief description: audience & format
The workshop is targeted for students interested in getting to learn about the basic principles of sharing research and the strategies and tools for that. Several ways of sharing and presenting research will be presented to illustrate the basic principles and the variety of the forms. Then, the strategies for using social media and content curation for enhancing research will be presented. The workshop will also include several practical activities.

The workshop will include four major parts (90 min):
a) Brief discussion facilitated by a list of guiding questions (1st part): The organizers will first explain the main reasons of sharing research and the importance of building a dissemination strategy. Then they will propose a list of useful ways/tools that participants could use to disseminate their research and curate the content (20 min).
b) Brief discussion facilitated by a list of guiding questions (2nd part): The organizers will continue with the second round of the discussion. Participants will be invited to discuss about methodologies and tools that can help them prepare and publish (how/where) their research results (20 min).

c) Choose between 2 activities:
-Hands on session (1): Participants will work in groups of four or five. Each group will have the task to design a web strategy guide that could help researchers disseminate their research in the most efficient and creative way (50min: 30 min activity & 20 min group presentations).
-Hands on session (2): The attendees will work again in groups of four or five. They will be invited to explore the tools and find ways to use them in order to prepare and publish their research presentations (50 min: 30 min activity & 20 min group presentations).

Tutors:
Maria Perifanou, Mikhail Fominykh and Ana Loureiro
This collection presents the stories of our contributors’ experiences and insights, in order to demonstrate the enormous potential for openly-licensed and accessible datasets (Open Data) to be used as Open Educational Resources (OER).... more
This collection presents the stories of our contributors’ experiences and insights, in order to demonstrate the enormous potential for openly-licensed and accessible datasets (Open Data) to be used as Open Educational Resources (OER). Open Data is an umbrella term describing openly-licensed, interoperable, and reusable datasets which have been created and made available to the public by national or local governments, academic researchers, or other organisations. These datasets can be accessed, used and shared without restrictions other than attribution of the intellectual property of their creators1.While there are various de2nitions of OER, these are generally understood as openly-licensed digital resources that can be used in teaching and learning.
Research Interests:
Language proficiency is essential for 21st Century skills, and for the ability to obtain and utilize new competencies in the future. Digitalization is greatly affecting the language learning settings, and more digital skills are needed... more
Language proficiency is essential for 21st Century skills, and for the ability to obtain and utilize new competencies in the future. Digitalization is greatly affecting the language learning settings, and more digital skills are needed amongst teachers. Thus, it is interesting to see what kind of demands the new working life puts on the future language teachers in all areas of the sector. To better understand the role of national policies on digital competence and their impact on language teacher’s recruitment, this study investigates existing strategies for digital competence for language teachers in 11 countries, and their representation in job announcements. The study uses qualitative content analysis as well as quantitative analysis represented by descriptive statistics. The former includes document analysis of strategies on different levels and gives an overview of existing trends and new tendencies considering digital skills for language teachers. The latter comprises a search and classification of 854 job announcements throughout Europe according to three levels of digital competences to see which skills are being asked for when hiring language teachers. The results indicate that there are discrepancies between strategies being implemented at overarching levels and the institutional practices. We also demonstrate discrepancies between the needs described for the 21st Century and the defined skills in the job announcements. Among other results, the study highlights the need for more targeted job announcements to attract teachers with the desired digital skills.