- Court of France, Late medieval France, Medieval didactics, Medieval Libraries, Courts and Elites (History), 15th Century Burgundy, and 13 moreBurgundian Court, Medieval Aristocracy, Culture at the court of Valois Burgundy, Court history, Aristocracy, Elites, Nobility, Early Modern History, Court Culture, 15th Century France, Medieval Nobility, Court Studies, and Late Medieval Historyedit
Часть II. Дворы правителей в Европе эпохи Средних веков и раннего Нового времени: направления мировой историографии (отв. ред. Ю. П. Крылова) Второй раздел выпуска содержит материалы круглого стола «Дворы правителей в Европе эпохи... more
Часть II. Дворы правителей в Европе эпохи Средних веков и раннего Нового времени: направления мировой историографии (отв. ред. Ю. П. Крылова)
Второй раздел выпуска содержит материалы круглого стола «Дворы правителей в Европе эпохи Средних веков и раннего Нового времени: направления и дискуссии современной мировой историографии», прошедшего в ИВИ РАН в июне 2022 г. в рамках всероссийской научной конференции «Современная российская медиевистика». Участники конференции обсуждали современное состояние отечественных и мировых исследований, касающихся дворов и придворного общества в Европе Средних веков и раннего Нового времени. За последние 20–30 лет мировая историография претерпела кардинальные изменения, произошел существенный всплеск интереса к дворам правителей, придворному обществу и разным аспектам жизни при дворе (церемониям, рождению, смерти, семье и женскому присутствию), куриальному институту в целом. В отечественной медиевистике, несмотря на существование отдельных проектов, массовый интерес и поворот к «придворным» исследованиям наметился лишь несколько лет назад. В статьях раздела рассматриваются особенности историографии разных стран: темы и направления ведущихся исследований, конкретные сюжеты, а также возможные лакуны и дальнейшие перспективы исследований.
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Part II. Courts of Rulers in Europe of the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: Trends of World Historiography (ed. by Yulia Krylova)
The part of the issue contains the materials of the round table “Courts of rulers in Medieval and Early Modern Europe: trends and discussions of newest historiography”, held at the Institute of World History (RAS) in June 2022 as part of the scientific conference “Modern Russian Medieval Studies”. The participants of the conference discussed the current state of Russian and world studies concerning the courts and court society in Europe of the Middle Ages and early Modern Times. Over the past 20–30 years, world historiography has undergone radical changes, with a significant surge of interest in the courts of rulers, court society and various aspects of life at the court (ceremonies, birth, death, family and women's presence), the curial institute as a whole. In Russian medieval studies, despite the existence of individual projects, massive interest and turn towards “court” studies emerged only a few years ago. The articles in this part discuss the features of the historiography of different countries: topics and directions of ongoing research, specific subjects, as well as possible gaps and further research perspectives.
Второй раздел выпуска содержит материалы круглого стола «Дворы правителей в Европе эпохи Средних веков и раннего Нового времени: направления и дискуссии современной мировой историографии», прошедшего в ИВИ РАН в июне 2022 г. в рамках всероссийской научной конференции «Современная российская медиевистика». Участники конференции обсуждали современное состояние отечественных и мировых исследований, касающихся дворов и придворного общества в Европе Средних веков и раннего Нового времени. За последние 20–30 лет мировая историография претерпела кардинальные изменения, произошел существенный всплеск интереса к дворам правителей, придворному обществу и разным аспектам жизни при дворе (церемониям, рождению, смерти, семье и женскому присутствию), куриальному институту в целом. В отечественной медиевистике, несмотря на существование отдельных проектов, массовый интерес и поворот к «придворным» исследованиям наметился лишь несколько лет назад. В статьях раздела рассматриваются особенности историографии разных стран: темы и направления ведущихся исследований, конкретные сюжеты, а также возможные лакуны и дальнейшие перспективы исследований.
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Part II. Courts of Rulers in Europe of the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: Trends of World Historiography (ed. by Yulia Krylova)
The part of the issue contains the materials of the round table “Courts of rulers in Medieval and Early Modern Europe: trends and discussions of newest historiography”, held at the Institute of World History (RAS) in June 2022 as part of the scientific conference “Modern Russian Medieval Studies”. The participants of the conference discussed the current state of Russian and world studies concerning the courts and court society in Europe of the Middle Ages and early Modern Times. Over the past 20–30 years, world historiography has undergone radical changes, with a significant surge of interest in the courts of rulers, court society and various aspects of life at the court (ceremonies, birth, death, family and women's presence), the curial institute as a whole. In Russian medieval studies, despite the existence of individual projects, massive interest and turn towards “court” studies emerged only a few years ago. The articles in this part discuss the features of the historiography of different countries: topics and directions of ongoing research, specific subjects, as well as possible gaps and further research perspectives.
Research Interests:
Издание представляет собой сборник научных трудов историка-медиевиста Рената Меулетовича Асейнова (1982-2015), специалиста по истории Бургундии XV в. и двора герцогов Бургундских. В книге рассматриваются различные аспекты политической,... more
Издание представляет собой сборник научных трудов историка-медиевиста Рената Меулетовича Асейнова (1982-2015), специалиста по истории Бургундии XV в. и двора герцогов Бургундских. В книге рассматриваются различные аспекты политической, социальной и культурной жизни бургундского общества. Основное внимание уделяется исторической мысли,
формировавшейся придворными хронистами герцогов и другими историографами (Жорж Шатлен, Жан Молине, Оливье де Ла Марш, Жак дю Клерк). Анализируются представления об образе и власти государя, его взаимоотношения с придворными и представителями подвластных территорий, соотношение королевской и герцогской власти, борьба придворных
группировок за сферы влияния и др.
формировавшейся придворными хронистами герцогов и другими историографами (Жорж Шатлен, Жан Молине, Оливье де Ла Марш, Жак дю Клерк). Анализируются представления об образе и власти государя, его взаимоотношения с придворными и представителями подвластных территорий, соотношение королевской и герцогской власти, борьба придворных
группировок за сферы влияния и др.
Research Interests:
В сборник вошли статьи, написанные на основе материалов конференции, прошедшей в ИВИ РАН в сентябре 2014 г. В центре внимания авторов – выявление возможных закономерностей удачной или неудачной карьеры при дворе властителя в Средние века... more
В сборник вошли статьи, написанные на основе материалов конференции, прошедшей в ИВИ РАН в сентябре 2014 г. В центре внимания авторов – выявление возможных закономерностей удачной или неудачной карьеры при дворе властителя в Средние века и Новое время. На примере конкретных судеб авторы статей размышляют, насколько предсказуем был успех при дворе и от чего зависела грядущая опала фаворитов.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
La monographie de Yulia P. Krylova «Auteur et société en France au Moyen Age Tardif» est consacrée à l’histoire intellectuelle de la France des XIVe et XVe siècles. La question est abordée à travers l’analyse du « Livre du chevalier de La... more
La monographie de Yulia P. Krylova «Auteur et société en France au Moyen Age Tardif» est consacrée à l’histoire intellectuelle de la France des XIVe et XVe siècles. La question est abordée à travers l’analyse du « Livre du chevalier de La Tour pour l`enseignement de ses filles » (1371-1372), de sa tradition manuscrite, ainsi qu’à travers plusieurs autres textes didactiques. La monographie examine les problèmes de la lecture à la fin du Moyen Âge, de la relation entre l’auteur et ses lecteurs, du processus créatif de l`écrivain et de la popularité des œuvres pédagogiques en général. L’emploi croisé des diverses méthodologies propres aux études médiévales, paléographie, codicologie, philologie, histoire de l'art, permet d’éclairer des aspects importants de l’histoire de la création de l’oeuvre, de sa distribution, ainsi que la réception du «Livre du chevalier de La Tour».
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Монография посвящена проблемам интеллектуальной истории, рассматриваемым на примере Франции XIV-XV вв. Она позволит заглянуть в мир позднесредневековых сочинителей и читателей, старинных библиотек и их владельцев – представителей знати этой эпохи. На основе малоизвестной отечественной публике «Книги поучений дочерям» Жоффруа де Ла Тура Ландри (1371–1372), а также ряда других нарративных сочинений, рассматриваются особенности интеллектуальной жизни позднего Средневековья: процесс рождения книги – от замысла автора до воплощения его в жизнь, путь книги к читателю – от первых рукописей до последующих публикаций, взаимоотношения писателя и читателей посредством книги.
«Книга поучений дочерям» неоднократно издавалась, переводилась на иностранные языки, ее читали и цитировали другие авторы. Ее сюжетами вдохновлялись Джеффри Чосер, Маргарита Наваррская и даже Уильям Шекспир. Она сама и рассказ о ее судьбе привлекут внимание широкого круга читателей, интересующихся средневековой историей.
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Монография посвящена проблемам интеллектуальной истории, рассматриваемым на примере Франции XIV-XV вв. Она позволит заглянуть в мир позднесредневековых сочинителей и читателей, старинных библиотек и их владельцев – представителей знати этой эпохи. На основе малоизвестной отечественной публике «Книги поучений дочерям» Жоффруа де Ла Тура Ландри (1371–1372), а также ряда других нарративных сочинений, рассматриваются особенности интеллектуальной жизни позднего Средневековья: процесс рождения книги – от замысла автора до воплощения его в жизнь, путь книги к читателю – от первых рукописей до последующих публикаций, взаимоотношения писателя и читателей посредством книги.
«Книга поучений дочерям» неоднократно издавалась, переводилась на иностранные языки, ее читали и цитировали другие авторы. Ее сюжетами вдохновлялись Джеффри Чосер, Маргарита Наваррская и даже Уильям Шекспир. Она сама и рассказ о ее судьбе привлекут внимание широкого круга читателей, интересующихся средневековой историей.
Research Interests:
Burgundian Cleric and Denis Fonvizin Teach Grammar: Court Manners in the Mirror of Two Epochs. Abstract. In the 1780s the well—known Russian writer Denis Fonvizin created his “General Court Grammar”. The idea of this work still seemed... more
Burgundian Cleric and Denis Fonvizin Teach Grammar: Court Manners in the Mirror of Two Epochs.
Abstract. In the 1780s the well—known Russian writer Denis Fonvizin created his “General Court Grammar”. The idea of this work still seemed original and the sources of borrowing were not known. Meanwhile, its idea is very similar to the French “Doctrinal du temps present” by Pierre Michault (15th century), an anticurial work where court manners are also shown through the teaching of grammar. The article has a dual purpose: firstly, by comparing it, it examines in detail the circumstances of both works, the reasons for their writing, the choice of plot and the contents, and puts forward a hypothesis about the possible borrowing of idea by Fonvizin from the French text. Secondly, the methods of everyday history are used to conclude that both authors are dissatisfied with their place in courtly society and the need to make a career through their literary talent.
Abstract. In the 1780s the well—known Russian writer Denis Fonvizin created his “General Court Grammar”. The idea of this work still seemed original and the sources of borrowing were not known. Meanwhile, its idea is very similar to the French “Doctrinal du temps present” by Pierre Michault (15th century), an anticurial work where court manners are also shown through the teaching of grammar. The article has a dual purpose: firstly, by comparing it, it examines in detail the circumstances of both works, the reasons for their writing, the choice of plot and the contents, and puts forward a hypothesis about the possible borrowing of idea by Fonvizin from the French text. Secondly, the methods of everyday history are used to conclude that both authors are dissatisfied with their place in courtly society and the need to make a career through their literary talent.
Research Interests: XVIII century, Nobility, Medieval Nobility, Courts and Elites (History), 18th Century Russia, and 9 more18th Century, Court history, 15th Century Burgundy, Aristocracy, late medieval and early modern history of European nobility and courts, Russian Literature in the 18th century, Pierre Michault, Court criticism, and Denis Fonvizin
The memory of the self in the French medieval teachings of parents to their children. Abstract. Not many French medieval teachings written by parents for their children have survived to this day. Most of them were created already at the... more
The memory of the self in the French medieval
teachings of parents to their children.
Abstract. Not many French medieval teachings written by parents for their children have survived to this day. Most of them were created already at the end of the Middle Ages. The voices of authors of the same era often sound in unison, but a comparison of the texts also reveals interesting individual characteristics of the writers, in particular what they — consciously or not — communicate about themselves to their children/readers. Family teaching literature, as it turns out, can carry the features of political heritage, personal autobiography, family history — be a variant of livre de raison, a type of memoria practice. Family educational practices, therefore, presuppose not only a perspective view (the future of children), but also a retrospective one, when upbringing involves remembering ancestors: preserving the memory of them in mortal life, and therefore continuing to pray for them. At the same time, it can be found that the desire to preserve the memory of oneself, in one way or another, in terrestrial life invariably turns out to be the personal reflection of each author about death, a way of realizing the fear of it and accepting it.
teachings of parents to their children.
Abstract. Not many French medieval teachings written by parents for their children have survived to this day. Most of them were created already at the end of the Middle Ages. The voices of authors of the same era often sound in unison, but a comparison of the texts also reveals interesting individual characteristics of the writers, in particular what they — consciously or not — communicate about themselves to their children/readers. Family teaching literature, as it turns out, can carry the features of political heritage, personal autobiography, family history — be a variant of livre de raison, a type of memoria practice. Family educational practices, therefore, presuppose not only a perspective view (the future of children), but also a retrospective one, when upbringing involves remembering ancestors: preserving the memory of them in mortal life, and therefore continuing to pray for them. At the same time, it can be found that the desire to preserve the memory of oneself, in one way or another, in terrestrial life invariably turns out to be the personal reflection of each author about death, a way of realizing the fear of it and accepting it.
Research Interests:
The article examines the most recent scholarly work on the history of French medieval courts. Not so long ago, scholars stated that this field was on the deep periphery of current research. The last two decades in French and French —... more
The article examines the most recent scholarly work on the history of French medieval courts. Not so long ago, scholars stated that this field was on the deep periphery of current research. The last two decades in French and French — language historiography, however, have been marked by an active increase in interest in the history of the courts, court life and aristocracy of the Middle Ages. The study of recent French — language historiography gives one a sense of catching up with lost time. Being out of the interests of advanced scientific trends for a long time, the court and the aristocracy are now being explored from all possible angles. The paper analyzes the main topics and problems of interest to researchers today: biographies of kings and nobles, ruling practices, gender studies, traditional «études bourguignonnes» and others; notes work on electronic projects and databases on court studies; outlines prospects for further research.
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"47 coats of arms and four evangelists. Representative aspects of the preparationfor the birth of an heir at court in fifteenth-century France". This article examines two texts created in fifteenth-century France by the court ladies,... more
"47 coats of arms and four evangelists. Representative aspects of the preparationfor the birth of an heir at court in fifteenth-century France".
This article examines two texts created in fifteenth-century France by the court ladies, Éléonore de Poitiers and Marguerite of Burgundy. They describe preparations for the birth of children by noble ladies at court. Devoted to such a seemingly delicate topic, the texts do not present any medical, physiological or psychological judgments. The authors are interested in the purely external ceremonial side of the preparation for the event as a representation of the status and place of the birthing mother and her family in the court hierarchy. The article analyses the textual information about the decoration of the room where the heir was to be born. The ladies list the upholstery, draperies, bed-clothes, pillows, the distance between beds, the size of sideboards, etc. Not a single detail escapes their attention. However, it turns out that in their most detailed descriptions there is no place for religious objects and images usually accepted in such cases, while all textile and carpets are covered with the coats of arms of the future prince`s parents. The furnishings in the birthing mother's room testified to her rank or her peremptory claim to a higher status and should have corresponded to the status of the prince who was to be born. From the moment of birth, he fitted into the existing hierarchy and had to be given an honour corresponding to his status.
This article examines two texts created in fifteenth-century France by the court ladies, Éléonore de Poitiers and Marguerite of Burgundy. They describe preparations for the birth of children by noble ladies at court. Devoted to such a seemingly delicate topic, the texts do not present any medical, physiological or psychological judgments. The authors are interested in the purely external ceremonial side of the preparation for the event as a representation of the status and place of the birthing mother and her family in the court hierarchy. The article analyses the textual information about the decoration of the room where the heir was to be born. The ladies list the upholstery, draperies, bed-clothes, pillows, the distance between beds, the size of sideboards, etc. Not a single detail escapes their attention. However, it turns out that in their most detailed descriptions there is no place for religious objects and images usually accepted in such cases, while all textile and carpets are covered with the coats of arms of the future prince`s parents. The furnishings in the birthing mother's room testified to her rank or her peremptory claim to a higher status and should have corresponded to the status of the prince who was to be born. From the moment of birth, he fitted into the existing hierarchy and had to be given an honour corresponding to his status.
Research Interests:
The article is devoted to the transformation of the norms of speech behaviour of a Renaissance court lady in France. The problem of communication became very acute at that time. This was particularly evident in the courts of rulers. By... more
The article is devoted to the transformation of the norms of speech behaviour of a Renaissance court lady in France. The problem of communication became very acute at that time. This was particularly evident in the courts of rulers. By the end of the Middle Ages, the courts, which were predominantly male communities, were actively filled with women, which gave rise to new norms and manners of communication. With the growth of the courts the increase in the number of courtiers, communication in this environment became an integral concern of moralists. Using the figure of Anne of France, Duchesse de Bourbon and theatise to her daughter, the formation of new norms of women's communicative behaviour in the curial environment is examined. Instructing her daughter, she continued the tradition of her ancestors - the kings Saint Louis and Louis XI. But unlike her predecessors, she testifies to the formation of a new view on the ethics of verbal behaviour of women. The previously preached silence as the main female virtue is replaced by the idea of a harmonious culture of speech, regardless of the rank of the interlocutor. The urgent need to «please everyone» requires the search for a right balance between shy or proud silence and verbosity that annoys the interlocutors. She put into practice her own ideas about the worthy behavior of a court lady in a Renaissance way, as eyewitnesses testified to.
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"Coat of arms of René d`Anjou: one hundred years of research" in: Signum. № 11. 2021
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Under the influence of the royal court, the dukes of Burgundy laid the foundations for their own magnificent court. The court ceremonial was developed at its peak in the second half of the fifteenth century, a period which scholars... more
Under the influence of the royal court, the dukes of Burgundy laid the foundations for their own magnificent court. The court ceremonial was developed at its peak in the second half of the fifteenth century, a period which scholars consider to be a time of great development. Numerous sources are dedicated to this period, including one that is unique because it was written by a lady of the court. Using the notes of Éléonore de Poitiers (1444/1446-1509), the article examines the ceremonial customs at the court of the dukes of Burgundy, especially those of the women, as well as the irregularities that frequently occurred. Thanks to Éléonore's surviving testimony, it becomes clear to us that ceremonial norms in the French court at the dawn of the Modern Age were quite fluid, and that the Burgundian court remained invariably linked to the court of the French king.
Research Interests:
The article considers some new aspects for the issue of attribution of “L’Abuzé en court” (“Deceived at Court”) – the French anonymous text of the second half of the 15th century. In the world historiography questioning the authorship of... more
The article considers some new aspects for the issue of attribution of “L’Abuzé en court” (“Deceived at Court”) – the French anonymous text of the second half of the 15th century. In the world historiography questioning the authorship of the work since long has been abandoned. Until the 19th century the author of the text was considered to be the king Rene of Anjou (1409–1480). Later that hypothesis was refuted by scholars, as long as the style of the composition did not correspond to the king`s other works.
Nothing is known about “L’Abuzé en court” and the text itself does not contain any visible references to its creator. However, a broader view of the context helps one to identify significant circumstances updating the longstanding issue. So far the view of researchers has missed such important aspects for the identification of “L’Abuzé en court” – as the roles-playing nature of medieval culture, especially the courtly one, intense literary and theater activity at the court of the king Rene of Anjou, in particular, of his jester Tribulet, who was extremely appreciated by the king, and the wide popularity of the text. Those circumstances, considered together, including the life events of the king himself, allow one to make a conclusion not only on the Angevin-Provençal court`s origin of the text, but also on the influence / participation of the jester Triboulet in its creation.
Nothing is known about “L’Abuzé en court” and the text itself does not contain any visible references to its creator. However, a broader view of the context helps one to identify significant circumstances updating the longstanding issue. So far the view of researchers has missed such important aspects for the identification of “L’Abuzé en court” – as the roles-playing nature of medieval culture, especially the courtly one, intense literary and theater activity at the court of the king Rene of Anjou, in particular, of his jester Tribulet, who was extremely appreciated by the king, and the wide popularity of the text. Those circumstances, considered together, including the life events of the king himself, allow one to make a conclusion not only on the Angevin-Provençal court`s origin of the text, but also on the influence / participation of the jester Triboulet in its creation.
Research Interests:
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В статье рассматривается вопрос о внутреннем единстве социальной группы знати (noblesse) в конце Средневековья. Анализ одного фрагмента из автобиографического романа «Юноша», написанного военачальником и приближенным французских королей... more
В статье рассматривается вопрос о внутреннем единстве социальной группы знати (noblesse) в конце Средневековья. Анализ одного фрагмента из автобиографического романа «Юноша», написанного военачальником и приближенным французских королей второй половины XV в. Жаном де Бюэйем свидетельствует о серьезном напряжении, существовавшем внутри группы. Исследование показывает, что этому могли способствовать важнейшие политические и социально-культурные изменения в обществе рубежа двух эпох: усиление королевской власти, формирование системы раннеабсолютистского государства; развитие двора и особой придворной культуры; аноблирование королем ротюрье, вливавшихся в ряды знати со своими принципами и менталитетом прежней группы; а также реформирование армии и стремительное развитие огнестрельного оружия. На примере воображаемого диалога автор выражает беспокойство о судьбе исконной знати, обосновывая не только необходимость и незаменимость рыцарства с присущими ему этическими принципами, но и показывая всю неприглядность и опасность для чести достойного человека времяпрепровождения при дворе.
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The article deals with one curious episode concerning the visit of Austrian Archduke Philip the Fair and his wife to France and the reception of the couple by the French king Louis XII in the castle of Blois. An important issue of this... more
The article deals with one curious episode concerning the visit of Austrian Archduke Philip the Fair and his wife to France and the reception of the couple by the French king Louis XII in the castle of Blois. An important issue of this diplomatic visit was the ceremonial greeting that the Archduchess Joanna, the daughter of the kings of Castile and Aragon, could afford. The difference in the traditions of two neighboring countries was significant in this matter. In Spain, women did not kiss men according to the diplomatic etiquette. This visit was described in several historical sources, written both by the French and the Spanish authors, whose opinions were differed. A significant source on this issue was the text of an unknown court lady from the suite of infanta Joanna. As the anonym`s notes indicate the gender relations could be hidden behind the political and diplomatic scenes.
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Моралисты Средневековья полагали, что двор – это средоточие греха. Придворные авторы свидетельствуют об откровенном отступлении от этических принципов, провозглашаемых не одно столетие христианскими моралистами – принципов твердого... more
Моралисты Средневековья полагали, что двор – это средоточие греха. Придворные авторы свидетельствуют об откровенном отступлении от этических принципов, провозглашаемых не одно столетие христианскими моралистами – принципов твердого следования Евангельским заповедям, без отступлений и смягчающих обстоятельств. Двор формирует «новую реальность», где цель оправдывает любые средства. Двор и самозарождающиеся новые правила поведения в этой среде оказались в состоянии сдвинуть устои, веками считающиеся незыблемыми, заставляя их адаптироваться под придворные условия взаимодействия людей. В статье анализируются повседневные практики, которые использовали придворные для обмана.
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Обман не существует без доверия, поскольку именно доверие становится основанием для обмана. В отличие от неисчислимого многообразия обманных практик доверие, как представляется на первый взгляд, просто: оно либо есть, либо его нет. Обман... more
Обман не существует без доверия, поскольку именно доверие становится основанием для обмана. В отличие от неисчислимого многообразия обманных практик доверие, как представляется на первый взгляд, просто: оно либо есть, либо его нет. Обман «происходит» во времени, о нем можно рассказать и проанализировать, а как выявить доверие в источниках? Для изучения феноменов обмана и доверия благодатным материалом являются придворные источники. В статье анализируется один из них - анонимный текст второй половины XV в., известный под названием «Обманутый при дворе», предоставляющий любопытные сведения о «процессе» доверия придворного по отношению к правительнице.
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В статье анализируются диалоги между аллегорическими героями дамой-правительницей и ее придворным во французском анонимном сочинении XV в. «Обманутый при дворе». Формулируются вопросы: насколько реалистичны эти разговоры-споры и в чем... more
В статье анализируются диалоги между аллегорическими героями дамой-правительницей и ее придворным во французском анонимном сочинении XV в. «Обманутый при дворе». Формулируются вопросы: насколько реалистичны эти разговоры-споры и в чем состоял замысел автора? Слышим ли мы отзвук реально звучавшего некогда женского голоса или все реплики – лишь плод фантазии автора? Не-смотря на явные литературные способности сочинителя и постепенно входящие в моду поэтические игры-мистификации, исследуемый текст позволяет делать вывод о том, что в основу произведения лег пережитый автором опыт.
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В 1465 г., на закате жизни герцога Бургундского Филиппа Доброго, при его дворе разгорелся скандал. Поводом к нему стал вопрос о выборе первого камергера для наследника — Карла де Шароле. Предоставление этой должности очередному племяннику... more
В 1465 г., на закате жизни герцога Бургундского Филиппа Доброго, при его дворе разгорелся скандал. Поводом к нему стал вопрос о выборе первого камергера для наследника — Карла де Шароле. Предоставление этой должности очередному племяннику всесильного первого камергера Антуана де Круи совершенно не устраивало Карла, заявившего об этом отцу, что вызвало сильный гнев герцога. Перипетии конфликта в том или ином виде нашли отражение на страницах разных сочинений: придворных хроник, памфлетов и даже одного семейного поучения. Взаимодействие конкурирующих сторон подавалось авторами с позиции причастности их к той или иной партии. Используемые ими вербальные стратегии зачастую вписывались в круг распространенных peccata linguae, представляя собой разные виды обманных практик: от обычного вранья до хитроумно завуалированного речевого поведения.
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В статье рассматривается предпринятый бургундским придворным Пьером Мишо своеобразный способ борьбы с ложью и обманом - тактиками, становящимися привычными при дворах на рубеже Средних веков и Нового времени. Он пишет сатирический... more
В статье рассматривается предпринятый бургундским придворным Пьером Мишо своеобразный способ борьбы с ложью и обманом - тактиками, становящимися привычными при дворах на рубеже Средних веков и Нового времени. Он пишет сатирический «Трактат о нынешних временах» (1466), где резко высмеивает принятые придворными способы борьбы с конкурентами за продвижение по карьерной лестнице. Вместе с тем, его текст свидетельствует о процессах, происходящих в обществе в это время: о стекании людей ко двору в надежде на получение благ от правителя, о необходимости бороться с конкурентами в складывающихся условиях, выражающейся в разнообразных обманных практиках, а также о неприятии конкретным индивидом – автором – существующего положения.
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The French writings of the 15th century are characterized by a great anticourtier mood of the authors. In this regard, it would be quite natural to ask: how the central character at court — the governor — is represented in these texts? If... more
The French writings of the 15th century are characterized by a great anticourtier mood of the authors. In this regard, it would be quite natural to ask: how the central character at court — the governor — is represented in these texts? If the court society hardened in sins, so what is a prince`s behavior then (king or duke etc.)? How does the literary tradition develop if the 17th century French writers already habitually employ such thought as «the brighter the sun,
the darker the shadows». On the example of some narrative writings («Le Curial» of Alain Chartier, the «Lettre à son fi ls» of Jean de Lannoy, the anonymous «L’Abuzé en court», «Le doctrinal du temps présent» of Pierre Michault and the “Panégyric du chevalier sans reproche, Louis de La Trémoille” of Jean Bouchet), that criticizing the court life, the article deals with an image of the 15th century sovereign drawn by the authors. The writers` discourse of courtiers `perversity remains invariable, while the ways of description of the governor image vary.
The authors choose different strategies in their writings: at one — any governor is absent at all, at others he (she) is represented as indiff erently looking at behavior of his (her) courtiers, at third — the situation is more interesting, because the statements about the governor change throughout the text under the influence of the author’s life events. Th us the topic of condemnations of court life does not
change, but the images of sovereigns vary depending on the person of the author and the governor himself at the same time, and also from the described situation.
the darker the shadows». On the example of some narrative writings («Le Curial» of Alain Chartier, the «Lettre à son fi ls» of Jean de Lannoy, the anonymous «L’Abuzé en court», «Le doctrinal du temps présent» of Pierre Michault and the “Panégyric du chevalier sans reproche, Louis de La Trémoille” of Jean Bouchet), that criticizing the court life, the article deals with an image of the 15th century sovereign drawn by the authors. The writers` discourse of courtiers `perversity remains invariable, while the ways of description of the governor image vary.
The authors choose different strategies in their writings: at one — any governor is absent at all, at others he (she) is represented as indiff erently looking at behavior of his (her) courtiers, at third — the situation is more interesting, because the statements about the governor change throughout the text under the influence of the author’s life events. Th us the topic of condemnations of court life does not
change, but the images of sovereigns vary depending on the person of the author and the governor himself at the same time, and also from the described situation.
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“The Comfort of Everyday Existence”, or On Religious Practices in the 14th Century France. The article discusses the possibilities and prospects of studying medieval sources from the point of view of the history of everyday life. Drawing... more
“The Comfort of Everyday Existence”,
or On Religious Practices in the 14th Century France.
The article discusses the possibilities and prospects of studying
medieval sources from the point of view of the history of everyday
life. Drawing on Book of the Knight of the Tower, a 14th century
didactic collection of stories that covers a variety of subjects from
the Bible to the author’s own life, Yulia Krylova analyses changing
attitudes towards religious practices in 14th century France, as the
writer of this didactic treatise saw them. The author of the Book did not
specifically focus the readers’ attention on the everyday background of
his stories, but he did it unwittingly, complaining about the decline of
his contemporaries’ morals. He drew information about the past from
books as well as from the memories of his father and grandmother to
show that convenience and the comfort of everyday life came valued
higher by his contemporaries than the duty to perform all religious rites.
or On Religious Practices in the 14th Century France.
The article discusses the possibilities and prospects of studying
medieval sources from the point of view of the history of everyday
life. Drawing on Book of the Knight of the Tower, a 14th century
didactic collection of stories that covers a variety of subjects from
the Bible to the author’s own life, Yulia Krylova analyses changing
attitudes towards religious practices in 14th century France, as the
writer of this didactic treatise saw them. The author of the Book did not
specifically focus the readers’ attention on the everyday background of
his stories, but he did it unwittingly, complaining about the decline of
his contemporaries’ morals. He drew information about the past from
books as well as from the memories of his father and grandmother to
show that convenience and the comfort of everyday life came valued
higher by his contemporaries than the duty to perform all religious rites.
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Offended and insulted. The authors of French anti-courtier works of the XVth century. The article presents the hypothesis that some of the XVth century works, criticized the court manners, were written by formerly successful people who... more
Offended and insulted. The authors of French anti-courtier works of the XVth century.
The article presents the hypothesis that some of the XVth century works, criticized the court manners, were written by formerly successful people who had made a career at court, but later forced for some reasons to leave it. Perhaps, this particular biographical fact induced them not only to be engaged in literary creativity, but also to criticize the court in his writings. Being in favor, the courtiers have not taken up a pen to criticize the court. On the examples of the Alain Chartier`s «Le Curial», the Jean de Lannoy`s letter for his son, the Jean de Bueil`s «Le Jouvencel», the anonymous work «Abuzé en court» and Octovien de Saint-Gelais`s «Le Séjour d`honneur» Yu.P.Krylova, restoring the historical context, comes to the conclusion that only those persons who considered themselves unfairly offended, undertook writing. Not hoping to return to the court, they tried in such a way to restore justice.
The article presents the hypothesis that some of the XVth century works, criticized the court manners, were written by formerly successful people who had made a career at court, but later forced for some reasons to leave it. Perhaps, this particular biographical fact induced them not only to be engaged in literary creativity, but also to criticize the court in his writings. Being in favor, the courtiers have not taken up a pen to criticize the court. On the examples of the Alain Chartier`s «Le Curial», the Jean de Lannoy`s letter for his son, the Jean de Bueil`s «Le Jouvencel», the anonymous work «Abuzé en court» and Octovien de Saint-Gelais`s «Le Séjour d`honneur» Yu.P.Krylova, restoring the historical context, comes to the conclusion that only those persons who considered themselves unfairly offended, undertook writing. Not hoping to return to the court, they tried in such a way to restore justice.
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The article considers the manuscript MS fr.1696 (15th entury) from the National Library of France, containing the Book of the Knight of the Tower written by Geoffroy de La Tour Landry. It analyzes the marginalia, representing so-called... more
The article considers the manuscript MS fr.1696 (15th entury) from the National Library of France, containing the Book of the Knight of the Tower written by Geoffroy de La Tour Landry. It analyzes the marginalia, representing so-called maniculae – a hand with a finger pointing at a particular part of text. Starting from the Carlo Ginzburg’s principle of an evidential paradigm, the author makes an attempt to depict the psychological portrait of un unknown reader of this manuscript, to determine his sex, social status, mentality, reading preferences. The author analyzes the codicological particulars of the BNF Ms. fr. 1693, the history of writing and circulation of the Book of the night, the development of genres of admonition and nouvelle. In the end the author comes to the conclusion that the marginal marks in the manuscript were left, apparently, by a reader of the 15th century, a man, belonging to the noblity, predisposed to moralizing and interested more in human sins than in virtuous behavior of the Book’s characters.
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"Krylova Y.P. «Pis vault cop de langhe mal assis que cop d`espée bien assis». The Discourse at the Court in the Burgundian Everyday Life of the 15th Century. The article deals with the problem of communications at the court of Burgundy... more
"Krylova Y.P. «Pis vault cop de langhe mal assis que cop d`espée bien assis». The Discourse at the Court in the Burgundian Everyday Life of the 15th Century.
The article deals with the problem of communications at the court of Burgundy of the 15th century. The etiquette in the communicative sphere becomes to emerge at the Burgundian court. Analyzing the treatise of the Burgundian courtier Jean de Lannoy (1410-1493), who paid essential attention to the problem of speech, and especially to a dialogue at the court, Y.P. Krylova comes to a conclusion that in the 15th century, during the expansion of courts and increasing of the number of people there, the specifi c court paradigms of communication start to develop in the society of court and it comes the understanding about necessity of self-control in the limited space of court crowded by people.
Keywords: medieval history, France, Burgundy, court culture"
The article deals with the problem of communications at the court of Burgundy of the 15th century. The etiquette in the communicative sphere becomes to emerge at the Burgundian court. Analyzing the treatise of the Burgundian courtier Jean de Lannoy (1410-1493), who paid essential attention to the problem of speech, and especially to a dialogue at the court, Y.P. Krylova comes to a conclusion that in the 15th century, during the expansion of courts and increasing of the number of people there, the specifi c court paradigms of communication start to develop in the society of court and it comes the understanding about necessity of self-control in the limited space of court crowded by people.
Keywords: medieval history, France, Burgundy, court culture"
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Le cercle des intérêts d’une telle ou telle figure du passé peut être parfois mis en lumière grâce à l’analyse du contenu de sa bibliothèque. À la fin du XVe siècle les collections des bibliophiles comptaient souvent des centaines de... more
Le cercle des intérêts d’une telle ou telle figure du passé peut être parfois mis en lumière grâce à l’analyse du contenu de sa bibliothèque. À la fin du XVe siècle les collections des bibliophiles comptaient souvent des centaines de volumes. Evidemment nous ne disposons pas d’informations suffisantes
sur toutes les bibliothèques médiévales. Cet article résulte d’un ensemble d’observations sur la possibilité de reconstituer la composition d’une bibliothèque médiéval inconnue à l’aide des sources bien diverses, y compris celles qui ne sont pas d’habitude considérées comme pertinentes pour la
recherche. L’article vise à dresser le cercle des livres, qui pouvaient appartenir au courtisan français Rigault d’Oureille (1455–1517) — sénéchal et diplomate au service des quatre rois français de Louis XI à François I. Aujourd’hui nous ne savons qu’un seul manuscrit, qui appartenait au sénéchal.
C’est le Bréviaire de la fin du XVe siècle (Ms. 69) qui se conserve à la Bibliothèque de Clermont-Ferrand. Le manuscrit 3356 de la Bibliothèque de l’Arsenal à Paris (fin XVe siècle), comme il s’avère, est directement lié à Rigault d’Oureille. Ce manuscrit porte les signatures des anciens propriétaires: «Katherine Rance», «Lyonet Doureille» (avec ses devises) et «Batyste Dou Bastarde Dob» (et ses armoiries). La recherche montre qu’ils étaient tous apparentés à Rigault d’Oureille. Il a hérité ce codex, et probablement d’autres livres ayant appartenus à Lyonet
Doureille (conservés dans la BNF et la British Library). Dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle Villeneuve-Lembron, le château patrimonial de Rigault d’Oureille, conservait encore, comme l’historien M. Gonod l’indiquait, quatre manuscrits, aujourd’hui inconnus, portant des signatures du sénéchal. Aussi dans la bibliothèque du sénéchal aurait pu être un des bestiaires
médiévaux et, probablement, une incunable. Cela est attesté par l’iconographie des fresques dans son château. Dans la galerie du nord du premier étage du château il y a plusieurs peintures murales, parmi lesquelles des images de créatures mythiques, les soi-disants Chiche-Face et Bigorne. L’article examine la possibilité de l’emprunt de leur iconographie à une incunable
de l’imprimeur parisien Guy Marchant (ou à une autre semblable), ainsi que l’influence exercée sur les fresques par une des versions du Bestiaire. L’article conclu que la bibliothèque de Rigault d’Oureille pouvait compter une certaine quantité de livres, parmi lesquels figuraient deux exemplaires du livre de voyages, quatre romans de chevalerie, un roman didactique, un
recueil poétique, trois traités didactiques dans un codex, un bestiaire (?) et un recueil satiriques (?).
La dernière partie de l’article se propose de répondre, en se référant à l’exemple d’autres bibliothèques de la noblesse, aux questions suivantes: combien de livres et de quels genres auraient pu encore faire partie de la collection de Rigault d’Oureille? Pour une personne de sa condition sa bibliothèque
devait compter au moins deux ou trois dizaines de volumes. La comparaison de l’assortiment de ses livres avec d’autres collections nobiliaires de son temps démontre que dans son état actuel la bibliothèque manque au minimum quelques ouvrages historiques et religieux (à part du Bréviaire mentionné ci-dessus).
sur toutes les bibliothèques médiévales. Cet article résulte d’un ensemble d’observations sur la possibilité de reconstituer la composition d’une bibliothèque médiéval inconnue à l’aide des sources bien diverses, y compris celles qui ne sont pas d’habitude considérées comme pertinentes pour la
recherche. L’article vise à dresser le cercle des livres, qui pouvaient appartenir au courtisan français Rigault d’Oureille (1455–1517) — sénéchal et diplomate au service des quatre rois français de Louis XI à François I. Aujourd’hui nous ne savons qu’un seul manuscrit, qui appartenait au sénéchal.
C’est le Bréviaire de la fin du XVe siècle (Ms. 69) qui se conserve à la Bibliothèque de Clermont-Ferrand. Le manuscrit 3356 de la Bibliothèque de l’Arsenal à Paris (fin XVe siècle), comme il s’avère, est directement lié à Rigault d’Oureille. Ce manuscrit porte les signatures des anciens propriétaires: «Katherine Rance», «Lyonet Doureille» (avec ses devises) et «Batyste Dou Bastarde Dob» (et ses armoiries). La recherche montre qu’ils étaient tous apparentés à Rigault d’Oureille. Il a hérité ce codex, et probablement d’autres livres ayant appartenus à Lyonet
Doureille (conservés dans la BNF et la British Library). Dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle Villeneuve-Lembron, le château patrimonial de Rigault d’Oureille, conservait encore, comme l’historien M. Gonod l’indiquait, quatre manuscrits, aujourd’hui inconnus, portant des signatures du sénéchal. Aussi dans la bibliothèque du sénéchal aurait pu être un des bestiaires
médiévaux et, probablement, une incunable. Cela est attesté par l’iconographie des fresques dans son château. Dans la galerie du nord du premier étage du château il y a plusieurs peintures murales, parmi lesquelles des images de créatures mythiques, les soi-disants Chiche-Face et Bigorne. L’article examine la possibilité de l’emprunt de leur iconographie à une incunable
de l’imprimeur parisien Guy Marchant (ou à une autre semblable), ainsi que l’influence exercée sur les fresques par une des versions du Bestiaire. L’article conclu que la bibliothèque de Rigault d’Oureille pouvait compter une certaine quantité de livres, parmi lesquels figuraient deux exemplaires du livre de voyages, quatre romans de chevalerie, un roman didactique, un
recueil poétique, trois traités didactiques dans un codex, un bestiaire (?) et un recueil satiriques (?).
La dernière partie de l’article se propose de répondre, en se référant à l’exemple d’autres bibliothèques de la noblesse, aux questions suivantes: combien de livres et de quels genres auraient pu encore faire partie de la collection de Rigault d’Oureille? Pour une personne de sa condition sa bibliothèque
devait compter au moins deux ou trois dizaines de volumes. La comparaison de l’assortiment de ses livres avec d’autres collections nobiliaires de son temps démontre que dans son état actuel la bibliothèque manque au minimum quelques ouvrages historiques et religieux (à part du Bréviaire mentionné ci-dessus).
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«CE LIVRE EST À MOI...»: OWNERS AND READERS OF THE « BOOK OF THE KNIGHT OF THE TOWER». The paper is an attempt to reconstruct the circle of owners/readers of the «Book of the knight of the Tower» (1371-1372) that was written by French... more
«CE LIVRE EST À MOI...»: OWNERS AND READERS OF THE « BOOK OF THE KNIGHT OF THE TOWER».
The paper is an attempt to reconstruct the circle of owners/readers of the «Book of the knight of the Tower» (1371-1372) that was written by French khight Geoffroy de La Tour Landry. The research is based on manuscripts of the end of the XIV-XV centuries that stored in the National library of France, the Parisian library the Arsenal, the Royal library of Belgium, etc., and analyses the possessors` signs: signatures, mottos, coats of arms. The material is added by data from the late medieval catalogues.
The results show that copies of the «Book of the Knight of the Tower» were in circulation in the circle of the highest aristocracy: they belonged to kings, dukes, court nobility. Two-thirds of all the owners were male. Thus, a family book written by a father for the instruction of his daughters became widespread in the noble circle, and with the advent of printing its success will be fixed among the bourgeois readers.
The paper is an attempt to reconstruct the circle of owners/readers of the «Book of the knight of the Tower» (1371-1372) that was written by French khight Geoffroy de La Tour Landry. The research is based on manuscripts of the end of the XIV-XV centuries that stored in the National library of France, the Parisian library the Arsenal, the Royal library of Belgium, etc., and analyses the possessors` signs: signatures, mottos, coats of arms. The material is added by data from the late medieval catalogues.
The results show that copies of the «Book of the Knight of the Tower» were in circulation in the circle of the highest aristocracy: they belonged to kings, dukes, court nobility. Two-thirds of all the owners were male. Thus, a family book written by a father for the instruction of his daughters became widespread in the noble circle, and with the advent of printing its success will be fixed among the bourgeois readers.
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December 16, 2020 - Report "Women's everyday life through the eyes of a French court lady of the 15th century." in the seminar "Historical studies of everyday practices" (Institute of World History, Russian Academy of Sciences).
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November 24, 2021 - Report "The ideal speech of a noble lady: view of Anna de France" at the International Scientific Conference "Ethics in the Culture of the Renaissance". In memory of L. M. Bragina (Moscow State University)
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November 10, 2021 - Report "The court jester in the late Middle Ages: a new type in the old guise?" at the International Scientific Conference "Homines novi". New Social Groups in the Life of Society: Practices of Adaptation” (Institute... more
November 10, 2021 - Report "The court jester in the late Middle Ages: a new type in the old guise?" at the International Scientific Conference "Homines novi". New Social Groups in the Life of Society: Practices of Adaptation” (Institute of World History, Russian Academy of Sciences)
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June 28, 2022 - Report "The study of French medieval courts in the latest historiography of France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland" on the conference "Courts in Europe of the Middle Ages and early Modern times: trends and... more
June 28, 2022 - Report "The study of French medieval courts in the latest historiography of France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland" on the conference "Courts in Europe of the Middle Ages and early Modern times: trends and discussions of modern world historiography" (Institute of World History, Russian Academy of sciences)
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ИВИ РАН, 7 июня 2017. Круглый стол "Мужские и женские голоса в истории Средневековья и Нового времени»
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Books of the French Courtier Rigault d'Oureille. (On Reconstruction of an Unknown Late Medieval Private Library). The interests of a particular historical figure can often be reconstructed by analysing the contents of his private... more
Books of the French Courtier Rigault d'Oureille. (On Reconstruction of an Unknown Late Medieval Private Library).
The interests of a particular historical figure can often be reconstructed by analysing the contents of his private library. By the end of the XV century collections of bibliophiles numbered often some hundreds of volumes. However, we have an information about by far not all medieval libraries. This article is based on reflecting on opportunities for the reconstruction of medieval libraries with the help of circumstantial sources. It aims to trace the books that may have been belonged to a French courtier and senechal Rigault d'Oureille, a nobleman who lived in the second half of the XV century. The contents of the senechal`s library, unknown to modern scholars, are outlined by using the genealogical data, the signatures made on the books by the members of the Oureille family, the catalogue data, the iconography of the frescoes in the family castle, the observations made by the XIXth century erudites. The article concludes that the Rigault d`Oureille`s library was consisted of at least 11 volumes (13 works of various genres). By analyzing the contents of some other libraries owned by French nobility of the late Middle Ages, it discuses the question of how many books and of what kind could still have been kept in the Rigault d'Oureille`s collection.
The interests of a particular historical figure can often be reconstructed by analysing the contents of his private library. By the end of the XV century collections of bibliophiles numbered often some hundreds of volumes. However, we have an information about by far not all medieval libraries. This article is based on reflecting on opportunities for the reconstruction of medieval libraries with the help of circumstantial sources. It aims to trace the books that may have been belonged to a French courtier and senechal Rigault d'Oureille, a nobleman who lived in the second half of the XV century. The contents of the senechal`s library, unknown to modern scholars, are outlined by using the genealogical data, the signatures made on the books by the members of the Oureille family, the catalogue data, the iconography of the frescoes in the family castle, the observations made by the XIXth century erudites. The article concludes that the Rigault d`Oureille`s library was consisted of at least 11 volumes (13 works of various genres). By analyzing the contents of some other libraries owned by French nobility of the late Middle Ages, it discuses the question of how many books and of what kind could still have been kept in the Rigault d'Oureille`s collection.
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Krylova Y.P. "On the new edition of «Memoires» by Margaret of Navarre". It’s a review on the new Russian translation of the important source concerning the 16th century history of France. Keywords: historiography, the French wars of... more
Krylova Y.P. "On the new edition of «Memoires» by Margaret of Navarre".
It’s a review on the new Russian translation of the important source concerning the 16th century history of France.
Keywords: historiography, the French wars of religion, Margaret of Navarre"
It’s a review on the new Russian translation of the important source concerning the 16th century history of France.
Keywords: historiography, the French wars of religion, Margaret of Navarre"