- Lahore, Pakistan
- +923037687451
- Psychology, Education, Business, Climate Change, Management, Sustainable Development, and 12 moreSocial Psychology, Philosophy of Science, Entrepreneurship, Business Administration, Sports Psychology,exercise Physiology/sports Medicine and Public Health, Sports Leadership, Sports Management, Cognitive Science, Developmental Psychology, Personality Psychology, Experimental Psychology, and Social Identityedit
- I earned my MSc in Sports Science and Physical Education with distinction from Punjab University, Lahore, in 2020. Cu... moreI earned my MSc in Sports Science and Physical Education with distinction from Punjab University, Lahore, in 2020. Currently, I serve as a dedicated faculty member at a Government Graduate College under higher education department, after a successful selection process with the Punjab Public Service Commission. With an early career in sports event management, I transitioned to a lecturer in physical education, fueling my passion for research and a mission to revive Pakistani hockey. My ongoing exploration of sports management and leadership drives my aspiration to elevate Pakistan's sports industry through advanced international studies.edit
In this paper, we present a planar, single element ultra-wideband Yagi-Uda antenna. To feed the radiating element, a tapered microstrip balun is designed. The proposed antenna covers a wide frequency band of (1.2 GHz - 2.16 GHz),... more
In this paper, we present a planar, single element ultra-wideband Yagi-Uda antenna. To feed the radiating element, a tapered microstrip balun is designed. The proposed antenna covers a wide frequency band of (1.2 GHz - 2.16 GHz), achieving a fractional bandwidth of 60%. The gain of the antenna lies above 5.2 dBi throughout the band, having a maximum gain of 7.23 dBi, within the smallest form factor (0.4λo x 0.54λo) reported so far for this frequency range. The antenna is fabricated on a low-cost FR4 substrate (1.5mm) and the measured results are in accordance with the simulations.
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AimsThe increasing burden of mental disorders coupled with the social stigmatization in Pakistan is an immense barrier in combating the emerging mental health crisis. The low number of qualified psychiatrists and poor intake in... more
AimsThe increasing burden of mental disorders coupled with the social stigmatization in Pakistan is an immense barrier in combating the emerging mental health crisis. The low number of qualified psychiatrists and poor intake in post-graduate psychiatry training programs in the region further complicates the problem. Thus, our study aims to assess the attitudes of Pakistani medical students towards psychiatry. Furthermore, we also aim to evaluate how experience and different levels of exposure to psychiatry among students affect their attitudes towards psychiatry as a career choice.MethodThis cross-sectional study was conducted via an online survey made on Google Forms. A total of 831 medical students studying across various private and public medical institutions of Pakistan responded to the survey. The questionnaire comprised of demographical details (gender, age, institution, and academic year) exposure to psychiatry, duration of psychiatry rotation, and personal experience with m...
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Vehicular Ad-hoc network (VANET) is a type of Mobile Ad-hoc network (MANET), where vehicle mobility is high and topology changes are frequent. VANETs have many applications in Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) e.g. traffic safety,... more
Vehicular Ad-hoc network (VANET) is a type of Mobile Ad-hoc network (MANET), where vehicle mobility is high and topology changes are frequent. VANETs have many applications in Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) e.g. traffic safety, vigilance control, active prediction and infotainment applications. Routing in VANETs has emerged as an interesting topic due to popularity of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication. Due to frequent topology changes in VANETs, a topology independent protocol is desired to predict collisions and route failures. In this paper, we provide recent research progress from 2015-2020 in prediction-based routing for VANETs. For this purpose, we have followed Kitchenham guidelines to survey research articles, performed classification based on their evaluation parameters and explored their applications. The research challenges have been identified for prediction-based routing. This paper provides a quick review of recent predictive protocols designed for VANETs.
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This paper presents a $1\times 8$ monolithic thick origami antenna array. The proposed design dynamically adjusts its radiation pattern through foldability, without the need of any additional phase shifters in its feeding network.... more
This paper presents a $1\times 8$ monolithic thick origami antenna array. The proposed design dynamically adjusts its radiation pattern through foldability, without the need of any additional phase shifters in its feeding network. Depending on its folded state, the array can cover different regions in space by switching from a single beam at broadside, to two beams at $\theta=\pm 45^{0}$, and four beams at $\theta=\pm 45^{0}, \pm 135^{0}$. The foldability of the design is implemented using three lamina emergent torsional joint surrogate hinges. These hinges allow the array to physically reconFigure to different folded states and pack itself efficiently to an area that is four times smaller than its deployed area. For demonstration purposes our proposed array is designed to operate at 2.45 GHz using a single 1.55 mm thick FR4 substrate.
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This paper presents a thick-origami based on a four patch antenna array with a packing efficiency of 50%. The antenna array is differentially fed using the origami structure and creating a symmetric radiation pattern. The array is... more
This paper presents a thick-origami based on a four patch antenna array with a packing efficiency of 50%. The antenna array is differentially fed using the origami structure and creating a symmetric radiation pattern. The array is designed on low-cost FR4 substrate having a thickness of 1.5 mm and an overall dimension of 290 mm × 100 mm. The peak gain is approximately 8.2 dB, at broadside. The ability of the array to compress its size and its fabrication simplicity makes it a very good candidate for applications where space savings are critical.
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In this paper, we propose a novel reconfigurable ReflectArray (RA) with multiple apertures for Cubesat applications. The design consists of a central RA with two or more folding panels connected using a surrogate hinge. Depending on the... more
In this paper, we propose a novel reconfigurable ReflectArray (RA) with multiple apertures for Cubesat applications. The design consists of a central RA with two or more folding panels connected using a surrogate hinge. Depending on the folding direction of these panels (forward or backward), a new RA aperture is formed. The proposed RA with the folding panels and corresponding hinges are printed on a single PCB board. A design of such an RA with two foldable panels is presented. This RA has two different single pencil beams pointing at $(\theta=30^{o},\phi=0^{o})$ and $(\theta=-30^{o},\ \phi=0^{o})$, as well as a dual-beam pattern with beam peaks at $(\theta=\pm 30^{o},\ \phi=0^{o})$ operating in the Ku-band at 16 GHz. Key advantages of this RA for CubeSat applications include small stowed volume, low fabrication cost, and reduced complexity.
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Vehicle to everything (V2X) is the new and revolutional phenomena of the recent era. In V2X environment, the data security of data and information is the most significant parameter, as the information is shared on the shared network. To... more
Vehicle to everything (V2X) is the new and revolutional phenomena of the recent era. In V2X environment, the data security of data and information is the most significant parameter, as the information is shared on the shared network. To secure the information in V2X environment; the blockchain technology can play a critical role as it consists of the powerful data encryption and decryption algorithms. To implement the characteristics of blockchain in V2X environment, the practitioners face various challenges. The key aim of this study is to develop a hypothetical framework that renders the impact of challenging factors on the implementation of blockchain in V2X paradigm. We have conducted systematic literature review approach and identified the 10 challenges that are critical to address for the successful implementation of blockchain technology in V2X network. We believe that the findings of this study serves as knowledge base for the researchers and practitioners to develop the effective strategies for the successful implementation of blockchain characteristics in V2X environment.
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An ultra-wideband dually polarized transmitarray of tightly coupled dipoles is presented. The array exhibits an operational bandwidth of 6.2:1 for broadside, maintaining active $\text{VSWR} < 3$. Tightly coupled dipoles are used both... more
An ultra-wideband dually polarized transmitarray of tightly coupled dipoles is presented. The array exhibits an operational bandwidth of 6.2:1 for broadside, maintaining active $\text{VSWR} < 3$. Tightly coupled dipoles are used both as receiving and transmitting elements. To introduce the required phase shift at the transmitarray's elements, delay lines are used connecting the receiving and transmitting elements. The delay lines cut through a common perforated ground plane placed between the receive and transmit elements.
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Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a reverse genetic tool used to identify the function of individual genes by reducing their expression. Here VIGS was applied to identify the role of four genes in G. hirsutum; Polyphenol Oxidase... more
Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a reverse genetic tool used to identify the function of individual genes by reducing their expression. Here VIGS was applied to identify the role of four genes in G. hirsutum; Polyphenol Oxidase (GhPPO), Phosphatidylserine Synthase (GhPSS), Anthocyanidin synthase (GhANS), and Anthocyanidin Reductase (GhANR) in verticillium wilt disease occurring in cotton. Silencing of GhPPO and GhPSS showed abnormal leaf growth such as leaf thinning, reduced leaf size, and leaf curling phenotype which indicates their importance in normal leaf development. RT-PCR and qPCR results showed reduced transcript levels of GhPPO, GhPSS, GhANS, and GhANR in TRV inoculated plants. Moreover silencing of four genes in cotton cultivar FM9160, partially resistant to Verticillium wilt disease compromised resistance by infecting with “King isolate” which is a more aggressive defoliating strain of Verticillium dahliae. The reduced mRNA level of GhPPO and GhPSS makes the cotton plants more susceptible approximately 80% and 76% of leaf wilting were observed while in GhANS and GhANR 66% and 62% leaf wilting were shown. In conclusion, this is the first report showing that the cotton gene GhPPO, GhPSS involved in resistance to Verticillium dahliae and have an important role in normal leaf development in G. hirsutum.
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This paper presents a thick origami foldable traveling wave antenna. A typical microstrip rampart-line antenna is appropriately modified to enable folding/unfolding capability using a surrogate hinge. This antenna is designed on a 1:5 mm... more
This paper presents a thick origami foldable traveling wave antenna. A typical microstrip rampart-line antenna is appropriately modified to enable folding/unfolding capability using a surrogate hinge. This antenna is designed on a 1:5 mm thick FR4 substrate circularly polarized at 3:4 GHz and exhibits a peak gain of approximately 2:85 dB at broadside.
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Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and associated Cas9 nuclease (CRISPR-Cas9) systems provide adaptive immunity to prokaryotes against infectious phage particles that can be engineered as a genome-editing tool.... more
Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and associated Cas9 nuclease (CRISPR-Cas9) systems provide adaptive immunity to prokaryotes against infectious phage particles that can be engineered as a genome-editing tool. Guided by an RNA strand, the class II type II CRISPR-Cas9 system can be employed to provide resistance against plant DNA viruses. Here we describe an efficient CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing system based on simultaneous targeting of the highly conserved intergenic region (IR) of the virus that can provide resistance against Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus-Burewala strain (CLCuKoV-Bur) in Nicotiana benthamiana plants. The data revealed that upon infection, the transgenic plants harboring CRISPR-Cas9 and two gRNAs showed complete resistance against CLCuKoV-Bur/Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMB). All efforts failed to find the intact virus in CLCuKoV-Bur/CLCuMB challenged transgenic (OX:Cas9NB:IR) plants using either gene specific PCR primers or ...
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There is growing acceptability in redesigning jobs to achieve goals and objectives nowadays. Employees who indulge in exploiting and exploring opportunities for the business tend to craft their jobs, which can help to enhance business... more
There is growing acceptability in redesigning jobs to achieve goals and objectives nowadays. Employees who indulge in exploiting and exploring opportunities for the business tend to craft their jobs, which can help to enhance business performance. This study aims to examine that how ambidextrous managers in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) craft their tasks as a strategy for open innovation to enhance business performance. This study also attempts to assess the moderating role of gender in evaluating the relationship. Simple random sampling is used to administer a structured questionnaire to 650 operations managers employed in service-sector SMEs. The findings reveal that, when male managers involve in explorative and exploitative activities, they tend to craft their jobs more as compared to females. In turn, when jobs are redesigned, it brings a positive impact on business performance as perceived by the managers. The study provides implications for the policy makers with regard...
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Water pollution has become serious threat for environment and society. Due to failure of different methods, semiconductor photocatalyst based advance oxidation process has attracted a huge interest for wastewater treatment. In this work,... more
Water pollution has become serious threat for environment and society. Due to failure of different methods, semiconductor photocatalyst based advance oxidation process has attracted a huge interest for wastewater treatment. In this work, Nickel-doped vanadium pentaoxide (Ni doped-V 2 O 5 ) is synthesized using easy and facile sol–gel synthesis route and the synthesized material is characterized through various characterization tools. The orthorhombic phase was detected in which decrease in crystallite size is observed with addition of dopant. The SEM analysis revealed that layered structure is formed with sufficient surface area and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) represented the purity of samples. UV–Vis and Photoluminescence spectroscopies provide the information about the absorption and band gap of material and confirm the visible light response of the prepared catalysts. The photodegradation of RhB was evaluated through employing Ni doped-V 2 O 5 photocatalyst which exhibited the 100% dye removal and high photostability. The factors which can affect the performance of catalytic activity are also studied to optimize the parameters for maximum dye removal. The kinetic study was also performed which showed that the synthesized materials follows pseudo first order kinetics.
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Context Individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) have alterations in brain activity which have been postulated to contribute to the adverse neurocognitive consequences of T1DM; however, the impact of T1DM and hypoglycemic unawareness on... more
Context Individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) have alterations in brain activity which have been postulated to contribute to the adverse neurocognitive consequences of T1DM; however, the impact of T1DM and hypoglycemic unawareness on the brain’s resting state activity remains unclear. Objective To determine whether individuals with T1DM and hypoglycemia unawareness (T1DM-Unaware) had changes in the brain resting state functional connectivity compared to healthy controls (HC) and those with T1DM and hypoglycemia awareness (T1DM-Aware). Design Observational study Setting Academic medical center Participants 27 individuals with T1DM and 12 healthy control volunteers participated in the study. Intervention All participants underwent BOLD resting state fMRI brain imaging during a 2-step hyperinsulinemic euglycemic (90 mg/dl)-hypoglycemic (60mg/dl) clamp. Outcome Changes in resting state functional connectivity Results Using two separate methods of functional connectivity analysis, we i...
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In this work, we investigate the transient thermal analysis of two-dimensional cylindrical anisotropic medium subjected to a prescribed temperature at the two end sections and to a heat flux over the whole lateral surface. Due to the... more
In this work, we investigate the transient thermal analysis of two-dimensional cylindrical anisotropic medium subjected to a prescribed temperature at the two end sections and to a heat flux over the whole lateral surface. Due to the complexity of analytically solving the anisotropic heat conduction equation, a numerical solution has been developed. It is based on a coordinate transformation that reduces the anisotropic cylinder heat conduction problem to an equivalent isotropic one, without complicating the boundary conditions but with a more complicated geometry. The equation of heat conduction for this virtual medium is solved by the alternating directions method. The inverse transformation makes it possible to determine the thermal behavior of the anisotropic medium as a function of study parameters: diagonal and cross thermal conductivities, heat flux.
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To determine the frequency of reduction of pain in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis by using combination injections. The experimental study was conducted from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2016,at Al-Noor Surgery Hospital, Chakwal,... more
To determine the frequency of reduction of pain in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis by using combination injections. The experimental study was conducted from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2016,at Al-Noor Surgery Hospital, Chakwal, Pakistan, and comprised patients suffering from symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. All patients were injected intra-articularly and peri-articularily with a combination of streptomycin, kenacort and lidocaine. The effects of this injection were recorded immediately after injection, after a month and after a year. Data was analyzed using SPSS 21. Of the 169 patients, there were 70(41.40%) males and 99(58.60%) females. The overall mean age and pain duration was 59.27±7.79 years and10.5±5.1 years respectively. No patient had pain immediately after the injection and after a month of follow-up. After a year, 145(86%) had a complete loss of pain compared to the baseline. Three (1.77%) patients required repetition of injection after a year. None of the patients ...
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Introduction Pilonidal disease is a common disease mostly affecting young males with a significant reduction in their working capabilities, hence, ideal and simple management of this disease is very important. Our study objective was to... more
Introduction Pilonidal disease is a common disease mostly affecting young males with a significant reduction in their working capabilities, hence, ideal and simple management of this disease is very important. Our study objective was to assess the recurrence rate of pilonidal sinus disease in patients with a complete excision of the pilonidal sinus, its track, and the sudoriferous gland area en-bloc with primary repair. Methods This descriptive study was conducted at Al-Noor Surgery, Chakwal, Pakistan, from February 2015 to July 2017. All patients who presented with acute and chronic pilonidal disease in the natal cleft, irrespective of age and gender, were included. We excluded from the study patients who had asymptomatic or recurrent pilonidal disease, previous pilonidal surgery, patients belonging to American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Class III or above, immunodeficient patients, patients having bleeding disorders, patients on chemotherapy, and those diagnosed with comor...
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Spinach is a common vegetable crop and very little data is available about its virus infection. Symptomatic leaves of spinach were collected during field survey. Circular DNA molecules were amplified from symptomatic samples using rolling... more
Spinach is a common vegetable crop and very little data is available about its virus infection. Symptomatic leaves of spinach were collected during field survey. Circular DNA molecules were amplified from symptomatic samples using rolling circle amplification (RCA). After restriction analysis, presumed bands of virus and satellites were cloned, sequenced and analyzed. Analysis of sequenced RCA product revealed the presence of chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus (CpCDV; Mastrevirus). Further analyses of the cloned virus showed that strain "C" of CpCDV was present in symptomatic samples of spinach collected from field associated with vein darkening, curling and enations on leaves. Amplification of alpha- and betasatellites with universal primers was performed. CpCDV showed association with cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMB) and cotton leaf curl Multan alphasatellites (CLCuMA). Infectivity analysis of CpCDV and CpCDV/CLCuMB were done in N. benthamiana using particle bo...
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Cotton crop has been severely affected by multiple begomoviruses in Pakistan and India. In our previous study, we found okra enation leaf curl virus (OELCuV), cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMuB) and cotton leaf curl Multan... more
Cotton crop has been severely affected by multiple begomoviruses in Pakistan and India. In our previous study, we found okra enation leaf curl virus (OELCuV), cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMuB) and cotton leaf curl Multan alphasatellite (CLCuMuA) infecting cotton in Pakistan. The current study was designed to investigate the infectivity of OELCuV and its ability to trans-replicate non-cognate CLCuMuB. Agro-infectious clones containing the partial tandem repeats of OELCuV and CLCuMuB were constructed and the infectivity assays were carried out through Agrobacterium mediated transformation in the model host species Nicotiana benthamiana under controlled conditions. The results showed that in the inoculated plants OELCuV alone can cause downward curling and yellowing of leaves with thickened veins. However, when co-inoculated with the non-cognate CLCuMuB it could functionally trans-replicate CLCuMuB resulting in a more severe phenotype. The expression of Pre-coat/V2 protei...
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It was hypothesized that adding dedicated afternoon rounds for patients' families to supplement standard family support would improve overall family satisfaction with care in a neuroscience ICU. Pre- and postimplementation (pre-I and... more
It was hypothesized that adding dedicated afternoon rounds for patients' families to supplement standard family support would improve overall family satisfaction with care in a neuroscience ICU. Pre- and postimplementation (pre-I and post-I) design. Single academic neuroscience ICU. Patients in the neuroscience ICU admitted for longer than 72 hours or made comfort measures only at any point during neuroscience ICU admission. The on-service attending intensivist and a neuroscience ICU nursing leader made bedside visits to families to address concerns during regularly scheduled, advertised times two afternoons each week. One family member per patient during the pre-I and post-I periods was recruited to complete the Family Satisfaction in the ICU 24 instrument. Post-I respondents indicated whether they had participated in the afternoon rounds. For primary outcome, the mean pre-I and post-I composite Family Satisfaction in the ICU 24 scores (on a 100-point scale) were compared. A to...
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A Tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-based virus-induced gene silencing assay was employed as a reverse genetic approach to study gene function in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). This approach was used to investigate the function of the Enoyl-CoA... more
A Tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-based virus-induced gene silencing assay was employed as a reverse genetic approach to study gene function in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). This approach was used to investigate the function of the Enoyl-CoA reductase (GhECR) gene in pathogen defense. Amino acid sequence alignment of Arabidopsis ECR with homologous sequence from G. hirsutum, G. arboreum, G. herbaceum and G. barbadense showed that ECRs are highly conserved among these species. TRV-based silencing of GhECR gene in G. hirsutum induced a cell death/necrotic lesion-like phenotype. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time quantitative PCR showed reduced GhECR mRNA levels in TRV inoculated plants. Three isolates of Verticillium dahliae (V. dahliae) and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (FOV) were used to infect GhECR-silenced plants. Out of 6 races of 2 pathogens, down regulation of GhECR gene resulted in reduced resistance. This is the first report showing that...
Research Interests: Technology, Biology, Medicine, Gene Silencing, Biological Sciences, and 13 morePlant diseases, Sequence alignment, Fusarium, Disease resistance, Verticillium, Molecular Biotechnology, Gene, Plant viruses, Amino Acid Sequence, PLANT PROTEINS, Verticillium Dahliae, Gossypium, and Medical and Health Sciences
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Purpose. Pancreaticopericardial fistula (PPF) is an extremely rare complication of acute or chronic pancreatitis. This paper presents a rare case of PPF and provides systematic review of existing cases from 1970 to 2014.Methods. A PubMed... more
Purpose. Pancreaticopericardial fistula (PPF) is an extremely rare complication of acute or chronic pancreatitis. This paper presents a rare case of PPF and provides systematic review of existing cases from 1970 to 2014.Methods. A PubMed search using key words was performed for all the cases of PPF from January 1970 to December 2014. Fourteen cases were included in the study. The cases were reviewed for demographic characteristics, diagnostic modalities, and treatment. Descriptive analysis of these variables was performed.Results. Median age was 43 years. 78% were known alcoholics and 73.3% had chronic pancreatitis. Dyspnea was present in 78%. Cardiac tamponade was present in 53%; 75% of patients had known chronic pancreatitis (RR = 0.74). Surgery was associated with best treatment outcomes and 50% of patients who underwent endoscopic treatment survived.Conclusion. PPF is a rare disease. This paper indicates that acute cardiac tamponade in patients with history of alcoholism and chr...
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Code smells reflect code decay, and, as such, developers should seek to eradicate such smells through application of “deodorant” in the form of one or more refactorings. However, a relative lack of studies exploring code smells either... more
Code smells reflect code decay, and, as such, developers should seek to eradicate such smells through application of “deodorant” in the form of one or more refactorings. However, a relative lack of studies exploring code smells either theoretically or empirically when compared with literature on refactoring suggests that there are reasons why smell eradication is neither being applied in anger, nor the subject of significant research. In this paper, we present three studies as supporting evidence for this stance. The first is an analysis of a set of five, open-source Java systems in which we show very little tendency for smells to be eradicated by developers; the second is an empirical study of a subsystem of a proprietary, C# web-based application where practical problems arise in smell identification and the third, a theoretical enumeration of smell-related refactorings to suggest why smells may be left alone from an effort perspective. Key findings of the study were that first, s...
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Nocardiais an uncommon Gram-positive organism. It typically appears as delicate filamentous Gram-positive branching rods. In the United States it was estimated to be approximately 500 to 1000 new cases per year. The organism causes... more
Nocardiais an uncommon Gram-positive organism. It typically appears as delicate filamentous Gram-positive branching rods. In the United States it was estimated to be approximately 500 to 1000 new cases per year. The organism causes disease in immunocompromised individuals with pulmonary infection representing the most common site of infection.Nocardia mikamiihas been a recently isolated pathogen and not many cases of disseminated infection with this organism has been reported in the literature; we present a case of disseminated nocardiosis (mikamii sp.) in an immunocompromised patient. We also present a literature review on nocardiosis.
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Herbal supplements are commonly used by patients for various problems. It is a well-known fact that most patients do not tell their physicians about the use of herbal supplements unless they are specifically asked. As a result, sometimes... more
Herbal supplements are commonly used by patients for various problems. It is a well-known fact that most patients do not tell their physicians about the use of herbal supplements unless they are specifically asked. As a result, sometimes important information regarding drug side effects is missed in history taking. During our literature search, we found several retrospective studies and other meta-analyses that claim a lacking or weak link between black cohosh use and hepatotoxicity. We present a case of a 44-year-old female who developed subacute liver injury demonstrated on a CT scan and liver biopsy within a month of using the drug to resolve her hot flashes and discuss a possible temporal and causal association between black cohosh use and liver disease. Since the patient was not taking any other drugs, we concluded that the acute liver injury was caused by the use of black cohosh. We agree with the United States Pharmacopeia recommendations that a cautionary warning about hepat...
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Due to the high rate of asymptomatic infections an advanced screening assay is of prompt importance to be used for the clinical diagnosis of HCV. Early detection of anti HCV is the first step in the management of chronic hepatitis and in... more
Due to the high rate of asymptomatic infections an advanced screening assay is of prompt importance to be used for the clinical diagnosis of HCV. Early detection of anti HCV is the first step in the management of chronic hepatitis and in the selection of patients needing treatments. In the current study we have first time used the advanced serological diagnostic technique i.e. Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immuno Assay (CMIA) for the detection of HCV infection in Peshawar Pakistan. A total number of 982 samples were collected among the general public belongs to the different areas of district Peshawar. The samples were centrifuged at high speed to obtain a clear supernatant serum. All the samples were run on Architect system a fully automated immuno analyzer CMIA base technology. Out of 982 blood samples analyzed in this study, 160 (15.9%) were confirmed to be positive for active HCV infection. The overall prevalence was found to be 13.4%. Gender wise prevalence was recorded to be ...
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Introduction: Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD) is an entity in which the ventricle fails to fill up properly due to impaired ventricular relaxation and/or decreased compliance. The diagnosis of diastolic dysfunction is based on... more
Introduction: Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD) is an entity in which the ventricle fails to fill up properly due to impaired ventricular relaxation and/or decreased compliance. The diagnosis of diastolic dysfunction is based on a variety of parameters in doppler echocardiograpy. However, some parameters like interventricular septal thickness in diastole (IVSd), posterior wall thickness in diastole (PWd), left ventricular internal end diastolic and systolic diameters (LVIDD and LVISD) along with left atrial diameters (LAD) have yet to be evaluated for the diagnostic workup of DD. Methods: A case control study was done in the cardiology department from patient records from 2016 to 2018. Patients were diagnosed as diastolic dysfunction grade II and above by doppler echocardiography. IVSd, PWd, LVIDD, LAD, LVISD were obtained through 2-D echocardiography. Results: Patients with DD had greater LAD, IVSd and PWd and decreased LVIDD and LVISD as compared to control group. Overal...
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Background: Diastolic dysfunction (DD) is difficult to diagnose and characterize despite many techniques. It is known that left atrial diameter (LAD) increases and left ventricular internal end diastolic diameter (LVIDD) remains the same... more
Background: Diastolic dysfunction (DD) is difficult to diagnose and characterize despite many techniques. It is known that left atrial diameter (LAD) increases and left ventricular internal end diastolic diameter (LVIDD) remains the same in moderate to severe diastolic dysfunction (grade II and above) but a ratio between these two (LAD/LVIDD) has never been used to assess diastolic dysfunction. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the ratio, left atrial diameter/ left ventricular internal end diastolic diameter (LAD/LVIDD) and diastolic dysfunction (grade II and above). This study also aims to give a statistical model based upon this relationship that is able to help in diagnosing diastolic dysfunction. Methods: This case control analytical study was carried out at the Department of Cardiology, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi, from Jan 2014 to Jan 2016. On the basis of echocardiographic findings, 226 patients were identified as normal healthy control group whereas 22...
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Religious harmony considers good for the development of any sovereign country, in which different schools of thoughts/sects play a vital role in society. Some namely scholars in different religious sects of Islam such as Sunni (Wahhabi,... more
Religious harmony considers good for the development of any sovereign country, in which different schools of thoughts/sects play a vital role in society. Some namely scholars in different religious sects of Islam such as Sunni (Wahhabi, Deobandi, Ahl-e-Hadith and Baralvi) Shia are involving in supporting of sectarianism violence and also destroying the peaceful image of the country from last three decades. Sectarianism conflict is a big hindrance for the development of religious affairs and economy of the country. This study will highlight the role of religious sects and effects on the natives of the country. How sectarianisms destroyed the peaceful image of Pakistan in the world under the shadows of Islam. This cross sectional study of Three month duration which conducted from the present and pass out students of modern educational institutions and religious Madrassa from Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhawa, Sindh, Baluchistan and Azad Jammu & Kashmir. For better results of the study, 400 ...
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Amongst non-diabetic individuals, mild glucose decrements alter brain activity in regions linked to reward, motivation and executive control. Whether these effects differ in T1DM patients with and without hypoglycemia awareness remains... more
Amongst non-diabetic individuals, mild glucose decrements alter brain activity in regions linked to reward, motivation and executive control. Whether these effects differ in T1DM patients with and without hypoglycemia awareness remains unclear. 42 individuals (13 healthy control subjects (HC), 16 T1DM individuals with hypoglycemia awareness (T1DM-Aware) and 13 T1DM individuals with hypoglycemia unawareness (T1DM-Unaware)) underwent BOLD fMRI brain imaging during a 2-step hyperinsulinemic euglycemic (90 mg/dl)-hypoglycemic (60 mg/dl) clamp for assessment of neural responses to mild hypoglycemia. Mild hypoglycemia in HC altered activity in the caudate, insula, prefrontal cortex, and angular gyrus, whereas T1DM-Aware subjects showed no caudate and insula changes, but showed altered activation patterns in the prefrontal cortex and angular gyrus. Most strikingly, in direct contrast to HC and T1DM-Aware subjects, T1DM-Unaware subjects failed to show any hypoglycemia-induced changes in bra...
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In rodent models, obesity and hyperglycemia alter cerebral glucose metabolism and glucose transport into the brain, resulting in disordered cerebral function as well as inappropriate responses to homeostatic and hedonic inputs. Whether... more
In rodent models, obesity and hyperglycemia alter cerebral glucose metabolism and glucose transport into the brain, resulting in disordered cerebral function as well as inappropriate responses to homeostatic and hedonic inputs. Whether similar findings are seen in the human brain remains unclear. In this study, 25 participants (9 healthy participants; 10 obese nondiabetic participants; and 6 poorly controlled, insulin- and metformin-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) participants) underwent 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy scanning in the occipital lobe to measure the change in intracerebral glucose levels during a 2-hour hyperglycemic clamp (glucose ~220 mg/dl). The change in intracerebral glucose was significantly different across groups after controlling for age and sex, despite similar plasma glucose levels at baseline and during hyperglycemia. Compared with lean participants, brain glucose increments were lower in participants with obesity and T2DM. Furthermore, the chan...
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Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The optimum conditions to label ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonate (EDTMP) compound with (90)y as a potential candidate for bone metastases therapy were investigated. Yttrium-90 is a pure β-emitter and can be obtained by (89)y... more
The optimum conditions to label ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonate (EDTMP) compound with (90)y as a potential candidate for bone metastases therapy were investigated. Yttrium-90 is a pure β-emitter and can be obtained by (89)y (n,γ) (90)y nuclear reaction in a reactor or from an in-house generator system ((90)sr(90)y). The preparation of (90)Y-EDTMPis described using (90)y, which was obtained from neutron irradiation of y2o3 as well as from a laboratory scale organic resin-based (90)sr--(90)y generator. Because of the radiolabeling yield of 90Y-EDTMP on ligand/metal molar ratio, incubation time and ph was evaluated. Under optimum parameters, the radiolabeling yields of (90)Y-EDTMP were <95% for no-carrier-added as well as carrier-added (90)y. The biodistribution of no-carrier-added and carrier-added (90)Y-EDTMP complexes in rats was identical. The results indicate that (90)y (carrier-added)-edtmp is also an effective bone pain palliation agent because of its rapid blood c...
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Information Systems, Obstetrics, Medicine, Probability, Multivariate Analysis, and 15 morePregnancy, Humans, Fertility and Sterility, Female, In Vitro Fertilization, Pregnancy Loss, Clinical Sciences, Newborn Infant, Middle Aged, Adult, Fertilization in Vitro, Pregnancy Rate, Live birth, Cohort Studies, and Paediatrics and reproductive medicine
Background: Despite the known benefits of physical activity (PA), most of the population in the United States fails to meet minimum recommended levels, and this lack of activity is believed to affect their health and well-being.... more
Background: Despite the known benefits of physical activity (PA), most of the population in the United States fails to meet minimum recommended levels, and this lack of activity is believed to affect their health and well-being. Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare lifestyle behaviors of exercise and sleep in low, moderate, and high performers for maximal aerobic capacity (VO 2 max) and hand-grip strength (GS). Methods: Participants (n = 107, 19-62 years old) performed physical fitness assessments: estimated VO 2 max through submaximal cycle ergometry, and GS. Physical activity (PA) and sleep were assessed via self-reported questionnaires: physical activity as a vital sign (PAVS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Participants were categorized according to age and gender-specific normative values as low, medium, and high performer (LP, MP, and HP). Group characteristics were compared for each ranked variable using Kruskall-Wallis tests. Results: PAVS score...