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The antibacterial effect of Moringa oleifera Lam., Azadirachta indica L. and Jatropha curcas L. on Pantoea spp and Sphingomonas spp was assessed in rice seeds in Benin Republic. Isolates of three bacteria - Pantoea stewartii... more
The antibacterial effect of Moringa oleifera Lam., Azadirachta indica L. and Jatropha curcas L. on Pantoea spp and Sphingomonas spp was assessed in rice seeds in Benin Republic. Isolates of three bacteria - Pantoea stewartii (IIIV11BE2_Sterw), Pantoea ananatis (IIIV6LIB1_Anan) and Sphingomonas spp (IIIV27BE_Sphingo) - were used. The treatments were neem oil (Azadirachta indica) and neem seed powder, Moringa oleifera. seed and leaf powder, and Jatropha curcas. oil. The diameter of the inhibitory zone for each treatment was measured at 72, 96, 120 and 144 hours after incubation (HAI). The effects of the treatments on the size of the inhibition zone of IIIV11BE2_Sterw and IIIV27BE_Sphingo were not significant 72 HAI but were significant on both isolates 96, 120 and 144 HAI. The largest diameters of the inhibition zone of IIIV11BE2_Sterw (0.27 cm at 96 HAI; 0.23 cm at 120 HAI and 0.23 cm at 144 HAI) were recorded with moringa seed extract. For Sphingomonas spp (IIIV27BE_Sphingo), the hi...
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Plusieurs Begomovirus responsables de la maladie de la mosaique du manioc (CMD (Cassava mosaic disease)) ont ete rapportees en Afrique. Au Togo, les resultats d’une premiere etude epidemiologique menee sur la variabilite biologique et... more
Plusieurs Begomovirus responsables de la maladie de la mosaique du manioc (CMD (Cassava mosaic disease)) ont ete rapportees en Afrique. Au Togo, les resultats d’une premiere etude epidemiologique menee sur la variabilite biologique et serologique des Begomovirus du manioc ont indiquee que ACMV (African cassava mosaic virus) est le Begomovirus predominant avec 74% des echantillons analyses. Ce present travail, qui, est une suite des premiers resultats qui ont revele une variabilite biologique des isolats ACMV identifies, a pour objectif de mettre en evidence la variabilite moleculaire des isolats de ACMV au Togo. Pour ce faire, des produits de PCR obtenus a partir d’amorces specifiques en se basant sur les genes de la CP, ont ete soumis au sequencage direct. Les sequences obtenues ont ete soumises a l’analyse phylogenetique utilisant l'option des clusters d'alignement multiple de sequences et la methode de parcimonie cladistique. Les resultats obtenus de l’analyse phylogeneti...
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Plusieurs Begomovirus responsables de la maladie de la mosaique du manioc (CMD (Cassava mosaic disease)) ont ete rapportees en Afrique. Au Togo, les resultats d’une premiere etude epidemiologique menee sur la variabilite biologique et... more
Plusieurs Begomovirus responsables de la maladie de la mosaique du manioc (CMD (Cassava mosaic disease)) ont ete rapportees en Afrique. Au Togo, les resultats d’une premiere etude epidemiologique menee sur la variabilite biologique et serologique des Begomovirus du manioc ont indiquee que, ACMV (African cassava mosaic virus) est le Begomovirus predominant avec 74% des echantillons analyses. Ce present travail, qui, est une suite des premiers resultats qui ont revele une variabilite biologique des isolats ACMV identifies, a pour objectif de mettre en evidence la variabilite moleculaire des isolats de ACMV au Togo. Pour ce faire, des produits de PCR obtenus a partir d’amorces specifiques en se basant sur les genes de la CP, ont ete soumis au sequencage direct. Les sequences obtenues ont ete soumises a l’analyse phylogenetique utilisant l'option des clusters d'alignement multiple de sequences et la methode de parcimonie cladistique. Les resultats obtenus de l’analyse phylogenet...
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We tested the effects of Paranosema locustae spores in wheat bran formulation on the immature stages of Schistocerca gregaria and Oedaleus senegalensis under laboratory conditions. Younger instars were the most sensitive to the pathogen.... more
We tested the effects of Paranosema locustae spores in wheat bran formulation on the immature stages of Schistocerca gregaria and Oedaleus senegalensis under laboratory conditions. Younger instars were the most sensitive to the pathogen. While 100% infection was recorded in younger instar nymphs, older instars were less sensitive, with 16–27% of the inoculated nymphs remaining uninfected at the end of
Research Interests: Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology, Biological Control, Pathogen, Schistocerca, and 10 moreBiocontrol Science and Technology, Inoculation, Nymph, Ecological Applications, Vertical Transmission, Survival Time, Wheat Bran, Mortality rate, ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT, and Schistocerca gregaria
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... Previous studies involving intercontinental comparisons of Mycosphaerella isolates (Neu et al., 1999; Carlier et al ... of the 2nd International Workshop on Mycosphaerella Leaf Spot Diseases of Bananas, San José, Costa Rica, 2002 .... more
... Previous studies involving intercontinental comparisons of Mycosphaerella isolates (Neu et al., 1999; Carlier et al ... of the 2nd International Workshop on Mycosphaerella Leaf Spot Diseases of Bananas, San José, Costa Rica, 2002 . ... Hunter GC, Wingfield BD, Crous PW, Wingfield ...
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Le recours aux produits biologiques pour la lutte contre les ravageurs ou les pathogenes des cultures est de plus en plus recherche et developpe en agriculture. Ces produits sont utilises en remplacement ou en complement des produits... more
Le recours aux produits biologiques pour la lutte contre les ravageurs ou les pathogenes des cultures est de plus en plus recherche et developpe en agriculture. Ces produits sont utilises en remplacement ou en complement des produits phytosanitaire chimiques de synthese qui sont de plus en plus chers et tres toxiques. Les essais realises en bloc aleatoire complet a trois repetitions ont permis d’evaluer l’efficacite de cinq produits biologiques tels la graine et l’huile du neem, la graine et la feuille de moringa, et l’huile de jatrophat contre des bacteries identifiees sur les semences de riz, en comparaison avec un temoin negatif (l’eau) et deux temoins positifs dont le peni-oxytetracycline (un antibiotique) et le Tim qui est un fongicide (melange de carbendazim et de mancozeb) en un. La longueur de la zone d’inhibition du produit utilise a ete mesuree en quatre differentes dates. L’analyse issue des resultats de ANOVA a mesures repetes revele qu’il y a une difference hautement s...
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1 Laboratoire de Physiologie et Biotechnologie Vegetales, Faculte des Sciences, Universite de Lome, BP : 1515 ; Lome, Togo. 2 Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Vegetales, Faculte des Sciences, Universite de Lome, BP : 1515 ; Lome,... more
1 Laboratoire de Physiologie et Biotechnologie Vegetales, Faculte des Sciences, Universite de Lome, BP : 1515 ; Lome, Togo. 2 Laboratoire de Botanique et Ecologie Vegetales, Faculte des Sciences, Universite de Lome, BP : 1515 ; Lome, Togo. 3 Laboratoire de Virologie et de Biotechnologie Vegetales, Ecole Superieure d’Agronomie, Lome, Togo. 4 Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II Complexe Horticole, Agadir Maroc. 5 Faculte universitaire des Sciences agronomiques de Gembloux, Unite de Biologie vegetale Passage des Deportes, 2 5030 Gembloux, Belgique. 6 Universite des AntillesGuyane, BP 250, 97157 Pointe -aPitre, Cedex 09 (Guadeloupe), France.
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Les Geminivirus , en particulier les membres du genre Begomovirus sont consideres comme un probleme phytosanitaire majeur des cultures de tomate dans le monde. Ils sont responsables des pertes de rendement de culture entre 20 et 100 %.... more
Les Geminivirus , en particulier les membres du genre Begomovirus sont consideres comme un probleme phytosanitaire majeur des cultures de tomate dans le monde. Ils sont responsables des pertes de rendement de culture entre 20 et 100 %. Malheureusement, le Togo n’est pas epargne par cette situation. Ce travail vise a montrer la diversite genetique des Begomovirus qui affectent les cultures de tomate au Togo et leur relation avec les autres Begomovirus isoles dans les autres pays. Pour atteindre ces objectifs 307 echantillons de feuilles de tomate et de plantes sauvages presentant des symptomes typiques de virose ont ete collectes dans les regions Maritime, Plateaux, Centrale, Kara et Savanes et soumis a l’analyse par la PCR. Les resultats de la PCR ont revele la presence de Begomovirus sur 25% des echantillons analyses et qui ont ete ensuite soumis au sequencage direct. L’analyse phyllogenetique de la region de la CP des sequences des Begomovirus isoles dans cette etude avec d’aut...
Research Interests: Geography and Begomovirus
Geminiviruses, in particular the members of the genus Begomovirus , are considered to be a major phytosanitary problem for tomato crops production in the world. They are responsible for yield losses of up to 20% to 100%. Regrettably, Togo... more
Geminiviruses, in particular the members of the genus Begomovirus , are considered to be a major phytosanitary problem for tomato crops production in the world. They are responsible for yield losses of up to 20% to 100%. Regrettably, Togo is not spared from this situation. This work aims to show the genetic diversity of the begomoviruses affecting tomato crops production in Togo and their relationship with other begomoviruses. To achieve these objectives, 307 samples of tomato leaves and wild plant species with typical virus symptoms were collected in the Maritime, Plateaus, Central, Kara and Savannah regions and submitted to PCR analysis. The results revealed the presence of begomovirus in 25.40% of the analyzed samples. The PCR products obtained were submitted to direct sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis of sequences of DNA-A different regions of begomovirus identified in this work with that of other begomoviruses showed a nucleotide identity of 96% respectively for Tomato leaf cur...
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Many introduced plant species, either by chance or for agricultural purpose, are raising ecological problems. It is the case of Chromolaena odorata (L.) King & Robinson, a weed whose distribution in Togo is described. As this weed is... more
Many introduced plant species, either by chance or for agricultural purpose, are raising ecological problems. It is the case of Chromolaena odorata (L.) King & Robinson, a weed whose distribution in Togo is described. As this weed is likely to expand in several areas, and as it is noxious to pastures, it should be contained by cultural or chemical means. The authors advocate control based on regular surveys, using preventive measures at an early stage of invasion, including outrooting and fire.
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Les viroses de la tomate (Tomato yellow leaf curl disease), causees par TYLCV (Tomato yellow leaf curl virus), constituent la contrainte la plus dommageable a la production de la tomate au Togo. Ainsi, cinq varietes de tomate ( Salanum... more
Les viroses de la tomate (Tomato yellow leaf curl disease), causees par TYLCV (Tomato yellow leaf curl virus), constituent la contrainte la plus dommageable a la production de la tomate au Togo. Ainsi, cinq varietes de tomate ( Salanum lycopersicum L.) notamment INERA FBT3, INERA FBT5, Floradade, Roma VF et Tropimech ont ete evaluees a la Station d’Experimentation Agronomique de Lome (SEAL) en vue d’etudier leur comportement vis-a-vis des viroses. Les parametres mesures sont la sensibilite aux viroses suivant une echelle de notation a 5 niveaux et l’impact de ces viroses sur le rendement suivant le niveau de sensibilite. Les resultats obtenus revelent que les varietes evaluees sont toutes sensibles aux infections virales ; toutefois le niveau de sensibilite a varie d’une variete a une autre. L’ensemble des resultats obtenus permet d’affirmer que les varietes Floradade et Roma VF sont tres sensibles aux infections virales, tandis que les varietes FBT3, Tropimech et FBT5 sont tolerant...
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Rice blast, caused by the filamentous ascomycete Pyricularia oryzae, is one of the most devastating diseases of rice. Four genetic clusters were previously identified and three have a large geographic distribution. Asia is the center of... more
Rice blast, caused by the filamentous ascomycete Pyricularia oryzae, is one of the most devastating diseases of rice. Four genetic clusters were previously identified and three have a large geographic distribution. Asia is the center of diversity and the origin of most migrations to other continents and sexual reproduction persisted only in the South China–Laos–North Thailand region, which was identified as the putative center of origin of all P. oryzae populations on rice. Despite the importance of rice blast disease, little is known about the diversity and the population structure of the pathogen in Africa (including Madagascar). The present study was aimed at describing the structure of African populations of P. oryzae and identifying the relationship between African and worldwide genetic clusters. A set of 2057 strains (including 937 African and 1120 Madagascan strains) were genotyped using 12 SSR markers to assess the diversity and the population structure of P. oryzae. Four ge...
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Yams cultivation in Togo is hampered by diseases caused by Potyviruses, mainly Yam mosaic virus (YMV) and Yam mild mosaic virus (YMMV). To understand the Potyviruses dissemination mechanism and to develop an efficient control method, the... more
Yams cultivation in Togo is hampered by diseases caused by Potyviruses, mainly Yam mosaic virus (YMV) and Yam mild mosaic virus (YMMV). To understand the Potyviruses dissemination mechanism and to develop an efficient control method, the present study aims to establish the role of wild yams species as potential natural reservoirs of these pathogens. As such, Potyvirus susceptibility assessment was performed on four wild yams, D. dumetorum, D. bulbifera, D. togoensis and, D. smilacifolia, which grow spontaneously in yam fields in Togo. For this, phytosanitary surveys were carried out on yam fields and forests near yam plots, in July 2018 at the long rainy season, covering 27 localities in Maritime, Central and Plateaux regions of Togo, during which wild yam leaves were sampled for viruses identification. The leaves samples were analyzed first by ACP-ELISA test to detect Potyviruses using universal anti-potyvirus monoclonal antibodies, and then by RT-PCR test to identify YMV and YMMV,...
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Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) is the most important rice-infecting virus in Africa. Highly resistant rice (Oryza spp.) cultivars Gigante and Tog5681 were challenged with virus isolates from five countries of the west and central African... more
Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) is the most important rice-infecting virus in Africa. Highly resistant rice (Oryza spp.) cultivars Gigante and Tog5681 were challenged with virus isolates from five countries of the west and central African Sudano-savannah zone in order to investigate the occurrence and prevalence of resistance-breaking (RB) isolates. High resistance was overcome by 38.6% of the isolates. RB isolates could be divided into three main pathogenic groups. Isolates of the first group (17.5%) and of the second group (16.4%) were able to break down the resistance of Gigante only and of Tog5681 only, respectively. Resistance in both cultivars was overcome simultaneously by isolates of the third group (4.7%). In each group, some isolates induced symptoms, whereas plant infection by others was evidenced only by serological tests. RB isolates occurred in all five countries with varying frequencies (19 to 57%). The wide geographical distribution and high frequencies of RB isolate...
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Deux virus du niébé (Vigna unguiculata), le virus de la marbrure du niébé et le virus de la mosaïque jaune du niébé, ont été étudiés. Les deux virus ont été identifiés et caractérisés à l'aide de la gamme de plantes indicatrices et de... more
Deux virus du niébé (Vigna unguiculata), le virus de la marbrure du niébé et le virus de la mosaïque jaune du niébé, ont été étudiés. Les deux virus ont été identifiés et caractérisés à l'aide de la gamme de plantes indicatrices et de méthodes sérologiques. Les deux virus sont très répandus dans les principales régions productrices du niébé. Le virus de la mosaïque jaune du niébé a été retrouvé dans 65 % des échantillons virosés et le virus de la marbrure du niébé dans 35 % des échantillons. Des infections mixtes ont été souvent observées impliquant ces deux virus et d'autres virus du niébé. Le virus de la mosaïque du niébé transmis par le puceron, le virus de la marbrure peu sévère du niébé et le virus de la mosaïque du sud du haricot ont aussi été identifiés. L'étude des symptômes induits par ces deux virus sur une série de plantes indicatrices révèle que les Chenopodium amaranticolor, Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Saint-Fiacre, Vigna unguiculata cv. Locale Blanche et Glycine...
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... Ako, M., Schulthess, F., Gumedzoe, MYD and Cardwell, KF (2003), The effect of Fusarium verticillioides on oviposition behaviour and bionomics of ... In a choice experiment, the pyralid Eldana saccharina (Walker) laid on average 31.9... more
... Ako, M., Schulthess, F., Gumedzoe, MYD and Cardwell, KF (2003), The effect of Fusarium verticillioides on oviposition behaviour and bionomics of ... In a choice experiment, the pyralid Eldana saccharina (Walker) laid on average 31.9 eggs on inoculated maize stems vs. ...