N. Fagel
Université de Liège, Departement de géologie, Faculty Member
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Chemical weathering indices are commonly used for characterizing weathering profiles developed on heterogeneous or homogeneous parent rock by incorporating bulk major element oxide chemistry into single metric of each sample. Chemical... more
Chemical weathering indices are commonly used for characterizing weathering profiles developed on heterogeneous or homogeneous parent rock by incorporating bulk major element oxide chemistry into single metric of each sample. Chemical weathering indices evaluated in this study are: weathering index of Parker (WIP), the chemical index of alteration (CIA), chemical index of weathering (CIW), plagioclase index of alteration (PIA), Ruxton ratio (R). The main purpose of this study is to review the scope of chemical weathering affected different gneissic rocks especially in Tamazert area and test the ability of application of chemical weathering index for heterogeneous alteration profiles. Petrology and geochemistry of the major elements of rock and alteration product have been discussed in this work.Les indices d’altération chimique sont couramment utilisés pour caractériser les profils d’altération développés sur des roches mères hétérogènes ou homogènes. Parmi les indices d’altération ...
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Since recent years, the development of digital image analyze techniques has increasingly become a tool for recognition of paleoclimate signals from lacustrine laminated series (Lotter and Lemcke 1999; Francus 2001). The combination of... more
Since recent years, the development of digital image analyze techniques has increasingly become a tool for recognition of paleoclimate signals from lacustrine laminated series (Lotter and Lemcke 1999; Francus 2001). The combination of digitalization techniques with large format thin section (140 x 68 mm) appears to be of broad interest to investigate continuously the lacustrine sediments. The preparation of the
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Three sediment cores from Lake Baïkal (52°N) are investigated to evidence Northern Eurasian regional climate and environmental changes. The last 20 ka are analyzed from Kasten cores (3-4 m) and short cores (60 cm) taken in turbidite free... more
Three sediment cores from Lake Baïkal (52°N) are investigated to evidence Northern Eurasian regional climate and environmental changes. The last 20 ka are analyzed from Kasten cores (3-4 m) and short cores (60 cm) taken in turbidite free key-sites: Vydrino Shoulder, Posolsky Bank, and Continent Ridge (EU-CONTINENT project). The age-models of the cores are based on 14C AMS datings and
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The Chilean Lake District (38–42°S) is strongly influenced by Southern westerlies-driven precipitations. At 40°S Lago Puyehue provides high resolution sedimentation rates (∼1–2 mm/yr) suitable for annual climate reconstruction. Several... more
The Chilean Lake District (38–42°S) is strongly influenced by Southern westerlies-driven precipitations. At 40°S Lago Puyehue provides high resolution sedimentation rates (∼1–2 mm/yr) suitable for annual climate reconstruction. Several short and long sediment cores were collected in this lake. Their analysis aim at a better understanding of climate mechanisms related to ENSO in this part of the world. The recognition of
Research Interests: Geology, Oceanography, Sedimentology, Climatology, Chile, and 15 morePaleolimnology, Wavelet Analysis, Spectral analysis, Climatic Factor, Oscillations, Little Ice Age, Singular Spectrum Analysis, High Resolution, El Nino-Southern Oscillation, Sedimentation Rate, El Nino, Maximum entropy, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, Varve, and Last Millennium
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Research Interests: Civil Engineering, Biogeochemistry, Construction, Cameroon, Clay Minerals, and 15 moreBiological Materials, Building Construction, Alumina, Compressive Strength, Building, Characterization, Ceramic, Ceramic Materials, Building and Construction Materials, Brick, Clay, Aluminum oxide, ceramic properties, alluvium, and chemical compositions
In this study, clayey soils are characterized as backfill and potential fusible raw materials for engineering. Geotechnical tests (particle size distribution, Atterberg limits, densities) and chemico-mineralogical analyses (X-ray... more
In this study, clayey soils are characterized as backfill and potential fusible raw materials for engineering. Geotechnical tests (particle size distribution, Atterberg limits, densities) and chemico-mineralogical analyses (X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared) were carried out on samples collected from field in the locality of Boulgou (North Cameroon) followed by the determination of mechanical properties of fired bricks (850–1200 °C). The excavations carried out have revealed a thick layer of clayey soils (~ 2 to 2.5 m) over a sandy layer. This clay formation presents some stratifications with limited influence variation in terms of mineralogy. Mean grain size distribution is dominated by sand (62–80%), clay (12–25%) and silt (6–9%). It corresponds to silty–clayey soils regarding their methylene blue values (3.3–5.6), with low plastic (13–22%) to high plastic (33%) characteristics. They are classified by USCS as clayey sand/silty clay, while one sam...
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Research Interests: Geology, Geoarchaeology, Palaeoenvironment, Tunisia, Delta, and 3 moreUtica, Ancient Harbour, and Medjerda
This study of white pottery from the Merovingian and Carolingian periods traces the use of white clay resources in the Middle Meuse valley at the beginning of the Middle Ages. The petrographic study of 56 sherds, the chemical analysis of... more
This study of white pottery from the Merovingian and Carolingian periods traces the use of white clay resources in the Middle Meuse valley at the beginning of the Middle Ages. The petrographic study of 56 sherds, the chemical analysis of 40 samples, and XRD study of 12 of them coming from 4 sites reach the changes of the process between the two time periods, characterize the production of three Carolingian workshops, and consider the material supply in the mechanism of potters’ settlement. It appears that, between the Antiquity and the Modern period, the white kaolinitic material has always been exploited. The main technical changes between the Merovingian and the Carolingian periods are related to the specific selection of these clays that allow to produce white pottery and cooking wares with few inclusions. The Carolingian workshops used the material available in their environment that can be differentiated by chemistry and mineralogy. Finally, it appears that the selection of thi...
Research Interests: Geography, Archaeology, Geology, Pottery, early Middle Ages, and 3 moreMiddle Ages, Petrography, and Ceramic
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ABSTRACTThree clayey materials named MY3, KK and KG originating from the Foumban region (west Cameroon) were analysed to determine their granulometry, plasticity, major-element chemistry and mineralogy. Dilatometric and ceramic behaviour... more
ABSTRACTThree clayey materials named MY3, KK and KG originating from the Foumban region (west Cameroon) were analysed to determine their granulometry, plasticity, major-element chemistry and mineralogy. Dilatometric and ceramic behaviour were also investigated. Clays were shaped by uniaxial pressing in a steel mould. Shaped samples were heated at 1300, 1400 and 1500°C. The end products were characterized in terms of their density, porosity and compressive strength. Raw materials differ in terms of their mineralogical composition, grain-size distribution, Al2O3 content and the nature and abundance of impurities inducing specific thermal behaviour during dilatometric analysis and sintering tests. The final material properties may be related to the main features of the raw materials used.
Research Interests: Geology, Mineralogy, Materials Science, Metallurgy, Minerals, and 15 moreCameroon, Clay Minerals, Alumina, Compressive Strength, Optical microscopy, Chemical Analysis, Ceramic, Grain size distribution, Impurities, Brick, Clay, Chemical Properties, Aluminum oxide, Granulometry, and Grain Size and Shape
Research Interests: Civil Engineering, Materials Science, Scanning Electron Microscopy, SEM, FTIR, and 15 moreCotton, Compressive Strength, Building, Environmental Impact, X ray diffraction, SEM micrographs, Shell Structure, Calorimetry, Silicate Minerals, Inorganic Polymers, Metakaolin, Metakaolins, Sodium Compounds, Potassium Compounds, and Alkaline activators
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Thirty clay samples collected from three hills in Koutaba (west Cameroon) were characterized in order to evaluate their potential use as raw materials for ceramics. After preliminary mineralogical identification by X-ray diffraction,... more
Thirty clay samples collected from three hills in Koutaba (west Cameroon) were characterized in order to evaluate their potential use as raw materials for ceramics. After preliminary mineralogical identification by X-ray diffraction, three representative samples from the three different hills, referred to hereafter as K1M, K2M and K3M, were selected for further investigation by X-ray fluorescence, plasticity, granularity and thermogravimetric analysis. The main clay minerals are kaolinite (32–51%) and illite (up to 12%). Additional major phases are quartz (32–52%), goethite (6–7%) and feldspars (0–4%). The chemical composition showed variable amounts of SiO2(60–72%), Al2O3(15–20%) and Fe2O3(1–9%), in accordance with the quartz abundance in all of the samples studied. The particle-size distribution showed a large proportion of silty fraction (64–88%) with moderate sandy (9–19%) and clayey fractions ( < 5% for K2M, 12% for K1M and 20% for K3M). All of the clays showed moderate plas...
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Puyehue Lake is located in the Southern Volcanic Zone of Chile (Southern Lake District, 40 S). This monomictic lake is under the influence of the oceanic winter polar front (WPF) and constitutes a powerful sedimentary archive for... more
Puyehue Lake is located in the Southern Volcanic Zone of Chile (Southern Lake District, 40 S). This monomictic lake is under the influence of the oceanic winter polar front (WPF) and constitutes a powerful sedimentary archive for paleoenvironmental ...
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Research Interests: Ancient History, Environmental Science, Geochemistry, Medieval History, Coal, and 15 moreEnvironmental Pollution, Medicine, Multidisciplinary, Heavy metals, Heavy Metal, Lead, Bog, Lead Isotopes, Industrial Revolution, Pb isotopes, Anthropogenic impact, Géochimie, Baltic Sea, Cores, and Last Millennium
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Research Interests: Evolutionary Biology, Palaeogeography, Geology, Geochemistry, Organic Geochemistry, and 15 moreClimate variability, Carbon, Ecology, Environmental Change, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Food webs, Matter, Lake Sediments, Nitrogen, Particulate organic matter, Deglaciation, Organic carbon, Isotope fractionation, Organic Matter, and District
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In the western High Atlas basin, the evolution of the clay assemblage of the Upper Jurassic–Cretaceous sedimentary series is controlled by palaeogeographic changes of the basin and by burial diagenesis.The effects of burial are expressed... more
In the western High Atlas basin, the evolution of the clay assemblage of the Upper Jurassic–Cretaceous sedimentary series is controlled by palaeogeographic changes of the basin and by burial diagenesis.The effects of burial are expressed by an increase in the proportions of illite and chlorite with depth, a decrease of expandability of smectite minerals and by a decrease in the Kübler Index.Kaolinite is preserved at greater depths than smectite, but also tends to diminish in abundance. TEM observations show that idiomorphic pseudo-hexagonal crystals of illite increase in size and abundance downwards, especially in the sandy levels.In the Agadir section, the main change in the clay mineral evolution related to late diagenesis occurs at the Mid-Albian, corresponding to a burial depth of about 1800 m; in the Essaouira section it occurs at the Lower Tithonian at a burial depth of about 2100 m.Considering the different geothermal gradient between Agadir (36ºC km–1) and Essaouira (27ºC km...
Research Interests: Geology, Geochemistry, Diagenesis, Clay Minerals, Kaolinite, and 3 moreSedimentary Rock, Illite, and Chlorite
Research Interests: Geology and Humanities
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Située au centre du bassin méditerranéen, la Corse a constitué un carrefour pour les échanges commerciaux maritimes. Dans cette étude, des séquences sédimentaires prélevées à la tarière dans six lagunes du Cap Corse (Barcaggio, Cala... more
Située au centre du bassin méditerranéen, la Corse a constitué un carrefour pour les échanges commerciaux maritimes. Dans cette étude, des séquences sédimentaires prélevées à la tarière dans six lagunes du Cap Corse (Barcaggio, Cala Francese, Macinaggio, Meria, Porticciolo et Tamarone) ont par la suite été étudiées en laboratoire afin (1) de reconstituer les grandes étapes de la morphogenèse de ces interfaces et (2) d’identifier les influences des activités humaines sur l’environnement. Les sédiments ont fait l’objet d’identification microfaunistique, d’analyses de granulométrie laser, de minéralogie par diffraction des rayons X, de perte au feu, d’analyses isotopiques du carbone organique, de géochimie élémentaire et isotopique du plomb par spectrométrie de masse. Les assemblages minéralogiques, le rapport carbone/azote et la signature isotopique du carbone organique ont permis d’identifier l’origine des sédiments et de reconstituer les paléoenvironnements de la zone d’étude. Une transition du milieu marin à un milieu lagunaire est mise en évidence pour les sites de la Cala Francese et de Barcaggio. Les datations par le radiocarbone sur des restes de matière organique de la Cala Francese suggèrent que cette transition a eu lieu vers le 4e millénaire av. J.-C. Les concentrations et rapports isotopiques du plomb montrent que seul le site de la Cala Francese est affecté par une contamination environnementale liée aux activités minières pendant la période romaine
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Figure 6: Stratigraphic log of the core UKC1 (E. Pleuger) PALEO-DELTA: Palaeoenvironment and geoarchaeology of the Medjerda delta (Tunisia) E. PLEUGER1, H. ABICHOU2, A. GADHOUM3, J.-PH. GOIRAN4, J. QUINN5, E. FENTRESS5, A. WILSON7, I. BEN... more
Figure 6: Stratigraphic log of the core UKC1 (E. Pleuger) PALEO-DELTA: Palaeoenvironment and geoarchaeology of the Medjerda delta (Tunisia) E. PLEUGER1, H. ABICHOU2, A. GADHOUM3, J.-PH. GOIRAN4, J. QUINN5, E. FENTRESS5, A. WILSON7, I. BEN JERBANIA8, L. SADORI9, I. MAZZINI10, N. FAGEL1 (1)UR Argiles, Géochimie et Environnements sédimentaires (AGEs), Département de Géologie, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium (2)Laboratoire de Cartographie Géomorphologique des Milieux, des Environnements et des Dynamiques, Faculté des Sciences Humaines et Sociales de Tunis, Tunis 1007, Tunisia (3)Département d’Archéologie Sous-Marine, Institut National du Patrimoine, Tunis, Tunisia (4)Maison de l’Orient et de la Méditerranée, CNRS UMR 5133, 69007 Lyon, France (5)Worcester College, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (7)Institute of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (8)Institut National du Patrimoine, Tunis, Tunisia (9)Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Università di...
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Research Interests: Palaeogeography, Archaeology, Classical Archaeology, Earth Sciences, Geology, and 15 moreRoman History, Geoarchaeology, Palaeoenvironment, Ports and Harbours, Pergamon, Holocene, History and archaeology, Delta, QSR, Quaternary Science Reviews, Fluvial, Ancient Ports and Harbours, Roman Archaeology, ROMAN HISTORY, and Holocene Evolution of Deltas
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Nd-Sm concentration and isotopic ratios as well as Pb isotopes have been measured on the fine fraction of Holocene sediments from MD99-2227 core drilled in the Labrador Sea off southern Greenland. Mineralogical and grain-size data... more
Nd-Sm concentration and isotopic ratios as well as Pb isotopes have been measured on the fine fraction of Holocene sediments from MD99-2227 core drilled in the Labrador Sea off southern Greenland. Mineralogical and grain-size data complete the isotopic study. This work aims to reconstruct the evolution of deep ocean circulation patterns in the North Atlantic during the Holocene on the basis of sediment supply variations. Three sources are involved in the sediment mixture: the North American Shield, the Panafrican and Variscan crusts ("young" crustal source of Europe and eastern Greenland), and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (Iceland and Faeroe Islands). The evolution of their relative contribution is interpreted in terms of changes in deep ocean current patterns. Pb isotopes allow for a better discrimination between the different source areas of "young" crustal material (i.e., Panafrican crust of Europe and Greenland, Variscan crust of Europe). Clay isotopic signatures i...
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Research Interests: Geology and Paleontology
Université de Savoie.