Conflict in Aceh

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini berjudul “Faktor-faktor yang Menyebabkan Terjadinya Religious Conversions dan Implikasinya terhadap Pengembangan PAI”. Penelitian ini menggambarkan fenomena yang terjadi di lingkungan masyarakat yang disinyalir adanya perubahan ke arah yang lebih baik (religious conversions) yang dialami oleh segelintir orang terhadap ajaran agama yang dianutnya. Hal ini dapat terlihat dengan adanya tingkah laku atau perbuatan yang mencerminkan perubahan tersebut dari ajaran agama yang dianutnya seperti agama Islam dan lebih spesifiknya pada ibadah shalat. Perubahan disini tidak hanya sekedar perubahan pada tingkah laku yang tampak saja tetapi juga pada perkembangan rohani yang bersifat psikis; kematangan atau maturity) dan tahap perkembangan fisik; jasmani atau dewasa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data penelitian diperoleh dari narasumber primer (Jasri berumur 68 tahun, syamsul bahri berumur 72 tahun,...

This research analyses reconciliation and reintegration in Aceh, located in five districts: Pidie, Bireuen, North Aceh, East Aceh and Central Aceh which are the most affected areas of conflict and reintegration problems. These areas just been passed of three decades conflict and now facing some obstacles in the process of reintegration and reconciliation. The structure of conflict in these areas is that the ex-GAM combatants and militia are not in social cohesion in post-conflict situation. This research attempts to find out a research question of can ex-GAM members assimilate with other elements of society to the new social system or structure nowadays? The result of this research is that there are any reductions of the meaning and purpose of reconciliation into a mere money distribution as to compensate the victims of conflict. In the Helsinki’s MoU stated that several things related to reconciliation has absent in formulating the details of human rights court of justice, governan...

Abstrak : Kekerasan simbolik memang bukanlah sebuah kekerasan yang mudah dilihat wujudnya, namun sebenarnya bentuk kekerasan ini sangat mudah diamati. Hal itu sebenarnya ada dimana-mana, dalam dunia pendidikan, dengan berbagai wujud dan strategisnya. Konsep ini dikemukakan oleh Bourdieu, seorang sosiolog dari Prancis. Bourdieu menggunakan konsep ini untuk menjelaskan mekanisme yang digunakan kelompok elit atau kelompok atas yang mendominasi struktur sosial masyarakat untuk ‘memaksakan’ ideologi, budaya, kebiasaan, atau gaya hidupnya kepada kelompok kelas bawah yang mendominasinya. Rangkaian budaya ini oleh Bourdieu disebut juga habitus . Salah satu mekanisme yang digunakan oleh Bourdieu untuk menjelaskan kekerasan simbolik ini adalah mekanisme eufemisasi. Eufemisasi adalah mekanismen kekerasan simbolik yang tidak tampak dan bekerja secara halus. Tidak dikenali, dan berlangsung di bawah alam sadar. Bentuk-bentuk eufemisasi dapat berupa perintah,  pemberian bonus, kepercayaan,  dan la...

The United Nation’s women, peace, and security agenda has brought long-overdue attention to the importance of integrating women and gender issues into peacebuilding efforts, with Security Council Resolution 1889 of 2009 initiating a planning process to achieve this. Efforts have centred on increasing women’s participation in various aspects of peacebuilding, both in terms of numbers and in terms of achieving a substantive representation of women’s needs and interests. While sensitive to local contexts, such efforts remain decidedly top-down, seeking to transform government institutions and mostly involving international and national security actors. This stands in stark contrast to trends in the peacebuilding literature, including feminist peacebuilding literature, which increasingly has emphasised that making peace sustainable requires a bottom-up approach that includes a diverse range of people, experiences and knowledges (see Rigual 2018).

Perdebatan besar dalam studi kebijakan publik tentang hubungan antara politik dan rasionalitas. Beberapa berpendapat bahwa keputusan kebijakan publik harus didasarkan pada rasionalitas ketimbang pada politik. Sudut pandang seperti itu sering terjadi didukung oleh birokrat dan analis kebijakan. Dasar dari kepercayaan ini terletak pada keyakinan bahwa itu adalah mungkin untuk membuat tujuan, rasional, dan nilai- penilaian bebas dari isu-isu kebijakan dan untuk sampai pada keputusan yang “terbaik” bagi masyarakat. Pendekatan semacam itu mendasari "rasional" pendekatan untuk pengambilan keputusan seperti analisis biaya- manfaat. Pendukung pendekatan ini berpendapat bahwa kita dapat mengidentifikasi opsi kebijakan, peringkat mereka dalam hal kesesuaian mereka untuk mencapai diberikan hasil, dan pilih salah satu yang terbaik, yaitu adalah, paling mungkin menghasilkan pencapaian hasil yang diinginkan. Pandangan ini mendasari ide tersebut bahwa kita dapat memisahkan "politik" dan "administrasi" sebagai kegiatan. Politik dianggap sebagai proses pemilihan tujuan kebijakan, sedangkan administrasi adalah proses pemilihan sarana terbaik dalam mencapai tujuan-tujuan itu.
Politik dapat memainkan peran di berbagai tahap proses kebijakan. Tahap pertama adalah agenda setting atau problem definision. Masalah ditempatkan pada agenda kebijakan sebagai hasil dari Upaya aktor politik seperti politisi, kelompok kepentingan, dan media massa. Definisi kebijakan masalah juga mencerminkan politik sejak orang mendefinisikan masalah dengan cara yang berbeda tergantung pada nilai-nilai mereka. Di sini ideologi politik berperan penting seperti liberalisme, sosialisme, dan konservatisme menggambarkan masyarakat dengan cara yang berbeda dan memberikan penjelasan yang berbeda untuk masalah sosial. Definisi masalah pada gilirannya akan membentuk bagaimana orang memilih solusi untuk masalah. Tahap selanjutnya dari merancang solusi untuk masalah terjadi terutama dalam tangan eksekutif pemerintah dan  birokrasi. Disini kita menghadapi politik birokrasi dalam melaksanakan solusi kebijakan, bisa juga ada “politik dari implementasi” seperti yang dicari oleh aktor kebijakan yang berbeda mengamankan hasil yang berbeda melalui negosiasi dan tawar-menawar.

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adalah serangkaian tujuan, target, dan indikator yang disepakati secara global yang harus digunakan secara umum oleh negara-negara anggota PBB. Selanjutnya, negara-negara tersebut diharapkan dapat menggunakan SDGs ini untuk menentukan tujuan dan kebijakan politik untuk 15 tahun ke depan..

Konsep ini merupakan suatu sistem yang berkaitan dengan pengembangan produk, barang dan jasa, dimana pengembangan ini mengasumsikan terpenuhinya kebutuhan kita sehari-hari tanpa mengorbankan keterampilan generasi mendatang.

Di Indonesia, pelaksanaan SDGs telah di atur di Peraturan Presiden no. 59/2017 berkenaan dengan pelaksanaan pencapaian SDGs di Indonesia telah mengamanatkan Menteri Perencaan Pembangunan Nasional untuk mempersiapkan Peta Jalan Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Indonesia Atau SDGs

This chapter draws on interviews with members of civil society organisations, former GAM leaders and KKR Aceh members, and an analysis of documents and media reports. Conceptually, we are indebted to recent scholarly work on political settlement. While the concept of political settlement remains somewhat ‘unsettled’, in a broad sense it refers to the ‘forging of a common understanding, usually between political elites, that their best interests or beliefs are served through acquiescence to a framework for administering political power’. A political-settlement lens has proved useful in analyses of fragile and conflict-affected societies, as it helps to capture the essentially political nature of state-building and peacebuilding. In essence, it enables a focus on not only formal institutions for managing political and economic relations, but also ‘informal, often unarticulated agreements that underpin a political system, such as deals between elites on the division of spoils’.

Science and technology, especially modern technology, are changing at a very fast pace, while religious movements are very slow, because religion and technology are not in sync. In the Encyclopedia of Religions and Philosophy, it is explained that Islam is the religion of Allah, and he ordered Allah to teach the principles and rules of the Prophet Muhammad. And commissioned him to convey religion to all mankind by inviting them to accept it. One of the distinguishing features of Islam is its emphasis on knowledge. The Qur'an and Sunnah invite Muslims to seek and acquire knowledge and wisdom, and place great importance on those who are knowledgeable. If we look at the verses in the Qur'an about the command to seek knowledge, then we will find that the commandment is universal, especially in the science called religious knowledge. The Qur'an emphasizes whether knowledge is beneficial or not. The criterion of useful knowledge is to approach the knowledge of the Creator as a...

Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje (1858-1936), a Dutch scholar of Islam, served as a “military anthropologist” during the Aceh war in the Dutch East Indies.  The Acehnese fighters viewed their anti-colonial struggle against the Dutch as a jihad, construing themselves religious martyrs fighting “infidel invaders,” and carrying out suicide attacks with a machete or dagger.  To combat this insurgency Snouck Hurgronje, one of the first Westerners to visit Mecca and author of many books on Islam, developed the so-called “Aceh method,” which became the basis of modern Dutch counterinsurgency strategy.  This article addresses the question: what can we learn from the life and times of Snouck Hurgronje?

This chapter examines the second area in which the lex pacificatoria has re-shaped international law: transitional justice. This new law is argued to derive from the attempt to negotiate pragmatic solutions to the question of accountability for conflict atrocities which will enable the ‘constitutional fix’ to hold, and the need to be able to articulate these pragmatic solutions as complying with international legal standards for accountability. In particular, the new law has derived from an attempt to apply the normative constraints of human rights and humanitarian law to peace agreement amnesties. The interface between local peace agreement practice and international law can again be argued to have given substantive content to the lex pacificatoria or law of the peacemaker, producing a ‘new law’ of transitional justice.

The leadership of Sultanah Sri Ratu Safiatuddin has given birth to new values related to the presence of women in the power of the Kingdom of Aceh Darussalam. Through his policies, he has contributed greatly to a new perspective in the political history of Aceh. His collaborative policies have provided opportunities for everyone to be involved in the Aceh Darussalam government system regardless of background, especially gender. This paper attempts to unravel and analyze Ratu Safiatuddin's pattern of political communication regarding his policies that led to the trust of the Acehnese people at that time to be led. Among them include policies in the field of science and knowledge, strengthening the law, freedom of opinion, and gender equality. The results of this study show that through this policy the Queen can survive in a span of 35 years and even continues with three queens' leadership in the next period. Ratu has contributed new ideas for the fulfillment of the value of t...

Abstrak Skripsi ini merupakan hasil penelitian tentang interaksionisme simbolik dalam praktik rehabilitasi di UPT Rehabilitasi Sosial ANKN. Penelitian ini menjelaskan pertukaran simbol verbal dan non verbal yang tejadi dalam praktik rehabilitasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendiskripsikan bagaimana peran panti rehabilitasi sebagai institusi total, yang kedua memahami simbol-simbol apa yang dipakai dalam interaksi sosial dalam paktik rehabilitasi dan yang ketiga, memahami bagaimana simbol-simbol dimaknai dalam interaksi sosial dalam praktik rehabilitasi. Tujuan tersebut akan dijelaskan dan dianalisis menggunakan teori total institution Erving Goffman, dan teori interaksi simbolik George Herbert Mead. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan interaksi simbolik yang dikemukakan oleh George Herbert Mead. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik observasi dan wawancra. Setelah data terkumpul, dilakukan analisis dengan mengkategorisasikan data ...

Adat chiefs in Aceh – locally termed as ulèëbalang – served as one of the three most compelling socio-political forces besides the sultan and ulamas. As regional rulers in the Aceh Kingdom, they were appointed as leaders through the approval of the Sultan of Aceh. The ulèëbalangs would possess leadership with the reinforcement of a Sarakata letter affixed with a “Cap Sikureueng” (Kingdom of Aceh’s Seal). Not only did ulèëbalangs serve as the ruler in terms of Executive administration, but also controlled almost all life sectors of the Acehnese people like trade, court, agriculture and plantation, which the Sultan hardly ever touched. With this legitimate power, the ulèëbalangs were rightful to issue commercial policies in their regional territories. In exercising their power, they often acted recklessly towards their subjects. The objective of this study was to identify whether the commercial policy imposed by the ulèëbalangs was one of the factors contributing to the happening of t...

Kajian ini mengkaji peranan yang boleh dimainkan oleh parti politik untuk mentransformasikan konflik dan membina perdamaian di kawasan pasca-konflik. Dengan melihat kepada kes transformasi politik oleh Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (GAM) kepada parti-parti politik tempatan, kajian ini melihat keupayaan pendekatan transformasi politik untuk menyelesaikan konflik jenis penentuan nasib sendiri serta pembinaan perdamaian yang berkekalan. This study examines the roles that can be played by a political party to transform conflict and build peace in a post-conflict region. It specifically focuses on the political transformation facilitated by a peace agreement to end the conflict. By looking at the case of the political transformation of the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) into local political parties, this study sees the viability of the political transformation approach to resolve self-determination conflict and build sustainable peace and a stable democracy

Pasar merupakan tempat bertemu antara penjual dan pembeli. Berbagai aktivitas jual beli dilakukan Penggunaan Smartphone marak digunakan berbagai kalangan usia mulai dari tua, muda sampai dengan anak-anak yang masih bersekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) untuk mengetahui kebiasaan menggunakan Smartphone di kalangan anak petani. (2) untuk mendeskripsikan pengawasan orang tua kepada anak yang menggunakan Smartphone di Desa Pandan Sari. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Sumber data dipilih dengan cara purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis hasil penelitian menggunakan langkah-langkah reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) kebiasaan menggunakan Smartphone di kalangan anak petani di Desa Pandan Sari terbagi menjadi tiga yaitu; untuk keperluan belajar, sarana hiburan dimana mereka bisa bermain game dan mengakses youtube, serta media komunikasi...

Simultaneous regional head elections aim to properly build democratization at the local level. It is related to the level of participation and the power relations that result from the principle implementation of people's sovereignty. Election results improve people's social, political, and economic circumstances. The purpose of this research is to determine why political dynamics of local and national parties occurred in the 2017 post-conflict local election in Aceh, as well as the influence of political dynamics of local and national parties on the Aceh post-conflict local election in 2017. This study was conducted in Aceh Province and used a descriptive qualitative research method. Primary data is obtained from the first source in the form of writing or written notes, whereas secondary data is obtained from existing sources. Basically, a political battle in general elections or regional head elections is a natural thing, the most important thing is how each candidate and his supporters are mature. This means giving political lessons that in a fight there must be a winner. Later when whoever wins will not influence the people not to stay away from the leader who becomes the winner. The journey of democracy teaches the winners in the sense that all people will honestly and fairly participate, even if they don't support it at first. What's more, we see that the battles that took place were dominated by former combatants of the Free Aceh Movement, who incidentally were comrades-in-arms. We can see the battle this time around in the democratic arena under the auspices of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia which has become a commitment between the Free Aceh Movement and the Republic of Indonesia. The response is that whoever our winners are still brothers, in the future we can join hands hand in hand to create prosperity and peace in Aceh.

The establishment of a Truth and Reconciliation Commission in Aceh is based on Article 229 of Law No. 11 of 2006, then legalized in Qanun No. 17 of 2013. The existence of Aceh's Truth and Reconciliation Commission has further provoked a polemic after the Governor of Aceh appointed several members of the Aceh Truth and Reconciliation Commission based on the Decree of the Governor of Aceh Number 162/796/2016. The pros and cons concerning the dissolution of the Aceh Truth and Reconciliation Commission flourished as the assessment of the Aceh Truth and Reconciliation Commission was established after the abolition of the provisions of the National Commission for Truth and Reconciliation by the Constitutional Court. This paper intends to examine the legality of the Aceh Truth and Reconciliation Commission in terms of legal and legal aspects of the existence of the Aceh TRC according to the laws and regulations. Abstrak: Pembentukan KKR di Aceh didasarkan pada Pasal 229 Undang-Undang N...

Otonomi daerah di bidang kesehatan memungkinkan pemerintah daerah untuk merencanakan, mengawasi, dan membiayai layanan kesehatan. Namun, masalah seperti akses pelayanan kesehatan yang tidak merata dan kualitas masih ada. Otonomi daerah memengaruhi perkembangan sektor kesehatan di Indonesia secara signifikan. Oleh karena itu, otonomi daerah memberikan peluang yang sangat baik untuk pengembangan sektor kesehatan di Indonesia, tetapi masih diperlukan upaya lebih lanjut untuk mengatasi masalah dan hambatan yang ada. Oleh karena itu, untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup masyarakat Indonesia, pemerintah pusat dan daerah harus bekerja sama dalam perencanaan, pengelolaan, dan pembiayaan bidang kesehatan.

The management of the Golkar Party in Aceh Besar Regency is committed to carrying out its role since recruitment is carried out in a closed manner as a means of regeneration and openly by providing the widest opportunity for the people to participate in political activities in order to improve the performance of legislative members which are currently considered inadequate. This is due to the low quality of human resources as a result of the weak mechanism for recruiting legislative candidates. The formulation of the problem in this researchwhat is the role of the Golkar Party administrators in Aceh Besar Regency in the 2019 legislative elections andWhat are the factors that hinder and encourage? for the Golkar Party administrators in carrying out their roles. This study uses a qualitative approach to get an overview of the role of the board of directorsGolkar Party in the 2019 legislative elections. The conclusion of the study shows thatthe board plays a role in recruitment through...

This study examines the negotiation process of the Acehnese parties and their acceptance efforts in the 2012 regional elections. The study of the political efforts in negotiating carried out by the Aceh Party elite is not only limited to voicing through political demonstrations, but also taking legal steps through lawsuits against The Constitutional Court is one step in political negotiations with the central government to continue its power and support the creation of sustainable peace in Aceh. This study uses the perspective of negotiation theory and effective political communication. The data collection method used in this research was through an observation approach, document study and in-depth interviews with; Aceh Party elite, Chairman of the Independent Election Commission (KIP), Civil Society and academics. Finally, this study concluded that. First, the refusal to register is part of the negotiation process between the Aceh Party and the central government as a form of commitment to the mandate of the Helsinki MoU and the mandate of the Republic of Indonesia Government Law (UUPA) Number 6 of 2006 concerning the Aceh Government and the sustainability of peace. Second, the Aceh Party formed the Free Aceh Political and Ideological Framing Alliance. This political alliance can help strengthen the voter base, expand campaign reach and strengthen political influence. Third, building effective communication with supporting parties to mobilize support for the Aceh Party.

The Helsinki Agreement between the Aceh Freedom Movement (GAM) and the Indonesian Government aimed to end long-standing conflict and inequality in Aceh. It also legally empowered the Acehnese to govern their own province and protect their citizens from human rights abuses. Regrettably, the implementation of laws and policies in Aceh since the agreement, such as Qanun, has had an adverse effect on human rights, particularly for vulnerable groups and minorities. This paper analyses the need to align the substance of Qanun with international human rights norms and assesses the feasibility of implementing Qanun without violating human rights. The research method used is the qualitative method. The data collection technique mainly involves in-depth interviews with key informants, including academics, members of Aceh parliament, civil society organisations, representatives of religious organisations, the Aceh Sharia Court, the Acehnese government, and practitioners on women and children, ...

Acehnese voters registered clear displeasure with the ruling Partai Aceh in national legislative elections, argues this report. Overview The 9 April 2014 legislative elections in Aceh produced three surprises. First, voters sent a strong message of displeasure to the ruling Partai Aceh (PA), the party controlled by leaders of the former rebel Free Aceh Movement (Gerakan Aceh Merdeka, GAM). PA still came out on top but with significantly reduced percentages in its east coast strongholds. Second, its major competition came not from a rival GAM-led local party but from national parties, particularly the newcomer NasDem. And third, despite its alliance with PA, Gerindra, the party of Prabowo Subianto, proved weaker than expected. In the provincial legislature (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Aceh, DPRA), Partai Aceh dropped from 33 out of 69 seats to 29 out of 81 seats, or a drop from 47.8 per cent to just under 36 per cent. The drop was particularly striking given the party’s perceived control...