Digital Assets

This case study, written for Harvard Law School, proposes a fictional scenario in which students, playing the role of Federal Reserve staff members, are asked to consider two possible designs involving central bank digital currencies:  “Fedcoin” and “Fedcount.” Students are equipped with the information necessary to evaluate whether either design offers better payment efficiencies and monetary policy implementation. In conducting their analysis, students are encouraged to grapple with the policy, monetary and legal issues that could arise either from the two proposals or from a decision that the Federal Reserve stays out of the fray.

The expansion of the cryptocurrency market in the last 10 years has been exponential and a “watch and wait strategy” towards the regulation of crypto-assets is no longer appropriate and justifiable. Opportunely, the European Union (EU) has recognized the need for a digital finance strategy to address regulatory gaps and help relaunch and modernize the European economy in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. The philosophy behind the EU Digital Finance Strategy, in particular the proposed Regulation on Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) and the proposed Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA), is innovation-friendly. The EU legislative initiatives seek to unlock the potential of crypto-assets while mitigating the risks to financial stability, market integrity and consumer protection. This will lead to additional and better financial products for consumers, improving financial inclusion and financing of businesses.

Digital technologies are deeply embedded into the daily activity of every capital markets professional. They have transformed the sales and trading business over time and will continue to improve it. The Digital Asset ecosystem has developed significantly since the advent of Bitcoin over a decade ago. Beyond cryptocurrencies, blockchain technology is going to have a revolutionizing impact on financial services, including Capital Markets. The Global Capital Markets including equities and bonds was valued at $177.5 Trillion at the end of 2019 according to research by SIFMA. These markets, in essence, represent data, and the benefits of transferring data on a blockchain include accessibility, liquidity, and transparency. The attributes of financial digital assets and how they will transform capital markets will be addressed in paper, focusing on how Blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) can fundamentally change the way financial institutions are exchanging value and building market infrastructure.

Investors now have a multitude of non-traditional assets to choose from, especially from the spectrum of alternative assets, such as financial digital assets. We start from the premise that there is a high risk associated with investing in financial digital assets, along with the opportunities presented from these emerging digital markets that evolve in a decentralized environment. We will be looking at the two major digital assets, specifically Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH), as per their dominance within the markets of crypto assets. This paper will focus on the evolution of financial digital assets and the impact on portfolio assessment that have allocations for BTC and ETH. In order to identify the value and potential of these financial digital assets, we will be addressing volatility and portfolio risks by means of a Vector Autoregression model on the returns of both, BTC and ETH.

In order to provide a thorough analysis of how the management of digital assets, as well as the creation of these assets, is of an importance in this digital age, I will primarily focus on three of the more elaborate themes within digital asset management.

A presente obra parte da observação de estudos estrangeiros sobre a relação entre o Direito e a Tecnologia, que tratam do fenômeno dos “digital assets”, recentemente destacados pela dogmática jurídica anglo-saxã. Não há dúvidas de que, com a universalização de temáticas da ordem digital, a doutrina nacional precisa analisar as problemáticas surgidas deste novo instituto. Parte-se de uma ampla exposição da visão doutrinária oriunda de países anglo-saxões, notadamente Inglaterra e Estados Unidos, em suas mais variadas nuances. Posteriormente, notando-se a possibilidade de assimilação da proposta estrangeira à realidade do Direito Civil brasileiro, são propostas soluções doutrinárias, calcadas na teoria civilista nacional, para melhor acomodar esta figura ao ordenamento jurídico pátrio. Com esta base levantada, o estudo limita a análise da proteção jurídica dos bens digitais (“digital assets”) afeitos aos direitos da personalidade ante a vulnerabilidade das pessoas na Sociedade da Informação. Para atingir tal pretensão, apoia-se na estrutura da ordem jurídica civil brasileira já consolidada, sem desconsiderar as suas limitações de ordem temporal e instrumental.

Disclosures in initial coin offerings (ICOs) have ranged widely from informative to incomplete to fraudulent. Consequently, advocates for the investing public have, understandably, called for the registration of ICOs to facilitate better disclosures. As this chapter shows, however, registration under the 1933 Securities Act is, as currently enacted, a weak mechanism for mandating the disclosures needed for informed investments in ICO tokens. Many ICO issuances offer non-traditional, non-financial rights that require and involve different pricing considerations than traditional common equity and debt, and are embedded in technical systems unanticipated by the New Deal. ICOs thus require a reconceptualization of longstanding disclosure obligations and safeguards, as well as a revamped approach towards entities tasked with validating disclosures. This chapter charts key provisions in the Securities Act’s Form S-1, crowdfunding’s Form C, Form 1-A for Regulation A , and Rule 144A to provide just such a policy framework.

Privacy should survive death. Privacy should not have to erode at the expiration of human life, especially in an age where digitalisation is part of everyday life.  However, personal data protection is usually not accorded to the dead, nor are the dead considered de facto privacy rights bearers. Thus, leaving unprotected the surviving interests of the dead and those of their surviving relatives and/or heirs.
The current legal framework of the European Union does not have provisions for a posthumous data protection and/or privacy right – online and/or offline, nor is there a uniform law, globally, regarding the handling of deceased person’s social media contents.  What this entails is that personal data of deceased persons are often left to the whims and caprices of Internet Service Providers (hereinafter referred to as ISPs) whom those with vested interests in the privacy and reputation of the deceased must challenge in order to preserve their interests; thereby incurring financial stress, dredging up painful memories and further inflicting emotional distress on the deceased’s loved ones. All unnecessary burdens which can be mitigated or even effaced by the promulgation of posthumous personal data protection of deceased subjects as legal rights of the dead, or through other equally effective protective measures.

Prompted by technological advances and a decline in cash usage, many Central Banks are investigating whether it would be possible to issue a digital complement to cash, a so-called Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC). Despite ongoing research and occasional pilots, Central Banks have shied away from introducing a CBDC for public use. Even though CBDCs would have the potential to counteract some of the problems that could arise for the payment system in the future when the use of cash is rapidly declining, they also present significant risks for financial stability.

This article contributes to the discussion by setting out a CBDC framework and formulating broad design principles for CBDC in line with the central bank´s function as Lender of last Resort (LOLR). The attributes and functionality of a CBDC are highly determinative of the architectural design and technical solution chosen, particularly in the context of LOLR. Therefore, we argue in favour of a solid coin for e-emergency liquidity assistance, available 24 hours a day and seven days per week, anonymous, interest-bearing and unlimited, to prevent bank runs and restore financial stability in times of financial distress.

Describe y analiza la propuesta de regular las llamadas voluntades digitales en el Derecho civil catalán. Dicha propuesta del Gobierno catalán plantea proteger la voluntad de una persona con respecto a una parte de lo que se podría llamar, en sentido amplio, su patrimonio digital, referido a las cuentas de servicios digitales activas de que disponga. Mediante la declaración de voluntades digitales, podría nombrar a una persona que ejecutase las instrucciones del declarante después de la muerte de este, por ejemplo, para cancelar las cuentas que tuviese en vida. De ese modo, la persona encargada, a título de “ejecutor de voluntades digitales”, podría solicitar a una red social u otro prestador de servicios digitales que eliminase el perfil del declarante, una vez que se produjesen las circunstancias determinantes del inicio de la eficacia del encargo. La comunicación debate esa pro-puesta a la luz del Derecho comparado, en particular de la “Loi pour une République numérique” recientemente promulgada en Francia, y de la Uniform Fiduciary Access to Digital Assets Act (UFADAA) de los EE.UU.

The purpose of this paper is to critically examine two significant developments for the regulation and supervision of virtual assets and virtual assets services providers: the amendment of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) Recommendation No 15 in October 2018 and the adoption of an Interpretative Note in June 2019. We argue that new FATF standards constitute an appropriate response to money laundering and terrorist financing risks associated with virtual assets, but that they must be followed by firm, consistent and effective implementation at the national level

The issuance of a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) is a very important step towards a fully digital economic environment and the consequences of such a direction are under debate by many policymakers around the world. There is a clear interest within the space as governments around the world are exploring the viability of a digital currency and according to the latest Bank for International Settlements (2021) report: 86% of the world's central banks have begun to conceptualize and research the potential of CBDC, 60% are developing Proof-of-Concepts (PoC) and 14% are implementing pilot projects. This paper provides a comprehensive overview for finance and investment participants about the topic of Central Bank Digital Currencies. The recent international exploration into the future of Central Bank money is complex as it is interconnected with two equally dynamic entities: Digital Currencies and Blockchain/Distributed Ledger Technology.

Wersja recenzowana artykulu dostepna jest w publikacji "Przegląd Biblioteczny 2006, nr 2" (ISSN: 0033-202X) wydanej przez Stowarzyszenie Bibliotekarzy Polskich / Peer-reviewed version of the article was published in "Library Review 2006, No. 2" (ISSN: 0033-202X) issued by Polish Librarians' Associtation

A presente obra parte da observação de estudos estrangeiros sobre a relação entre o Direito e a Tecnologia, que tratam do fenômeno dos “digital assets”, recentemente destacados pela dogmática jurídica anglo-saxã. Não há dúvidas de que, com a universalização de temáticas da ordem digital, a doutrina nacional precisa analisar as problemáticas surgidas deste novo instituto. Parte-se de uma ampla exposição da visão doutrinária oriunda de países anglo-saxões, notadamente Inglaterra e Estados Unidos, em suas mais variadas nuances. Posteriormente, notando-se a possibilidade de assimilação da proposta estrangeira à realidade do Direito Civil brasileiro, são propostas soluções doutrinárias, calcadas na teoria civilista nacional, para melhor acomodar esta figura ao ordenamento jurídico pátrio. Com esta base levantada, o estudo limita a análise da proteção jurídica dos bens digitais (“digital assets”) afeitos aos direitos da personalidade ante a vulnerabilidade das pessoas na Sociedade da Informação. Para atingir tal pretensão, apoia-se na estrutura da ordem jurídica civil brasileira já consolidada, sem desconsiderar as suas limitações de ordem temporal e instrumental.

This article presents the proposal of the program for digital documents long-term archiving in polish libraries. The program includes the most actual standards of digital materials long term archiving recommended by organizations advanced in archiving activities. Polish institutions possibilities and legal environment were also taken into consideration.

1. Plus-values sur actifs numériques - Régime légal français - Nouvel article 150 VH bis du CGI (Loi de finances pour 2019, n°2018-1317 du 28/12/2018, art. 41: JO du 30/12/2018)
2.  Actifs numériques: actualité internationale (Brésil, Ukraine et USA).
3. Trusts: obligations déclaratives des administrateurs Loi de finances pour 2019, n°2018-1317 du 28/12/2018, art. 48, I, 2°: JO du 30/12/2018)
4. Trusts: actualités internationale (USA - Minnesota et Caroline du Nord: détermination de la résidence; Australie - Fractionnement des trusts)
5. Actifs numériques: Crypto-monnaies et blockchains - Cadre juridique et fiscal - Évolutions (Rapports parlementaires - n°1624 du 30/01/2019 sur les monnaies virtuelles et n°1501 du 12/12/2018 sur les chaînes de blocs - et Projet de loi Pacte du 11/04/2019)
6. Actifs numériques: actualité internationale (Saint-Marin et Afrique du Sud)
7. Trust: Affaire North Carolina Department of Revenue v. Kimberley Rice Kaestner 1992 (Opinions)
8. Trusts: Fonds de pension - Comparabilité avec des OSBL français - Retenue à la source - Délai de réclamation (CE, 9e ch., 30/01/2019, n°410137, Ford Motor Company, n°410168 Southern California Edison Retirement Plan et n°410168, Southern California Edison Retirement Plan)
9. Plus-values sur actifs numériques - Obligations déclaratives (décret n°2019-656 du 27/06/2019)
10. Trust - Etats-Unis: Affaire North Carolina Department of Revenue v. Kimberley Rice Kaestner 1992 Family trust (Supreme Court, n°18-457, 21 June 2019)
11. Plus-values sur actifs numériques - Plus-values occasionnelle des particuliers - Régime fiscal - Commentaires administratifs (BOI-RPPM-PVBMC-30, 02/09/2019)
12. Trust - Fiducie - Registres des bénéficiaires effectifs des sociétés et des trusts - Informations à déclarer - Accès aux registres (Ordonnance n°2020-115 du 12/02/2020 renforçant le dispositif national de lutte contre le blanchiment de capitaux et le financement du terrorisme, JO du 13/02/2020)
13. Trust - Détention de titres d'une société française - Exonération de cette société de la contribution sociale sur l'impôt sur les sociétés - Condition de détention de son capital à 75% au moins par des personnes physiques ou des sociétés assimilées (CE 9e et 10e ch., 20/03/2020, n°410930, SAS Ponthieu Rabelais, concl. M-A Nicolazo de Barmon)
14. Plus-value immobilière - Régime fiscal portugais applicable aux non-résidents - Exigence d'une option - Libre circulation des capitaux (CJUE, 1ère ch., 18/03/2021, C-388/19, MK, concl. G. Hogan)
15. Impôts sur les successions (Rapport de l'OCDE "L'impôt sur les successions dans les pays de l'OCDE" publié le 30/09/2021)
16. Plus-value immobilière - Exonération de la plus-value de cession de l'habitation en France des non-résidents - Condition de libre disposition du bien - Location saisonnière (CAA Paris, 2e ch., 1er juin 2022, n°21PA0077 Clavier)
17. Plus-value immobilière - Cession de l'ancienne résidence principale - Mutation professionnelle à l'étranger - Prélèvement de l'article 244 bis A du CGI - Liberté de circulation des capitaux (CAA Paris, 9e ch., 13 déc. 2022, n°20PA01048, Hours)

The economic catastrophe caused by the Russian invasion of Ukraine has raised questions on
the role of digital assets in this conflict. On the one hand, how crypto assets could be exploited
by Moscow to circumvent international sanctions and, on the other hand, how crypto can be
useful as a crowdfunding tool to finance the Ukrainian military sector.
This context turned a spotlight on the companies operating in the digital assets field, highlighting the controversies raised by the collision of the neutrality of the cryptocurrency sector with
a humanitarian crisis.
With this premises, based on events and statements of the first few weeks after the Russian
invasion began, this research is aimed at answering the following questions: how much can
digital assets help in financing the military sector of a State? Can digital assets be a reliable
alternative to international financial isolation? In which way could this conflict affect the cryptocurrency sector?
La catastrofe economica causata dall’invasione russa dell’Ucraina ha sollevato numerose domande sul ruolo che i digital asset potrebbero ricoprire in questo conflitto. Da un lato, il
potenziale sfruttamento delle criptovalute da parte di Mosca per eludere le sanzioni economiche e, dall’altro, la funzione delle criptovalute nel finanziamento al settore militare ucraino
attraverso il crowdfunding.
Questo contesto ha acceso un faro sulle compagnie operanti nel settore dei digital asset, facendo emergere le controversie generate dalla collisione tra la neutralità delle criptovalute con
una crisi umanitaria.
Con tali premesse, basandosi su avvenimenti e dichiarazioni delle prime settimane dall’inizio
dell’invasione russa, questa ricerca ha la finalità di rispondere alle seguenti domande: quanto
possono aiutare le criptovalute nel finanziamento al settore militare di uno stato? Possono
le criptovalute essere un’alternativa valida all’isolamento finanziario internazionale? In che
modo il conflitto russo-ucraino ha un impatto nel settore delle criptovalute?

W artykule zdefiniowano pojęcie "repozytorium instytucjonalne" oraz wskazano na zadania  systemu repozytoryjnego. Odniesiono się do zagadnień trwałej ochrony wiarygodności, autentyczności, integralności oraz poufności zasobów cyfrowych. Opisano model archiwizacji zasobów cyfrowych OAIS oraz scharakteryzowano podstawowe metody, narzędzia i techniki składające się na politykę bezpieczeństwa cyfrowych dokumentów.

ترمي هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم مدي تطبيق معايير الجودة في المكتبات ومراكز المعلومات الرقمية بدولة قطر مع التطبيق علي مكتبة جامعة قطر ومكتبة قطر الوطنية ، والوقوف على ما هو مطلوب وموصى به من حيث الدراسات والخطط لخدمات المعلومات والبرامج التدريبية لأخصائي المكتبات والمشاريع التي تجعل من هاتين المكتبتين معيار لقياس الأداء  للمكتبات الأكاديمية والوطنية ومراكز المعلومات الرقمية بدولة قطر. وبالنظر إلى الوضع الراهن للخدمات التي تقدمها المكتبين مجال الدراسة ومقارنته برصفائه في المنطقة العربية وعلي المستوي الدولي، تصبح المكتبات الأكاديمية والوطنية  في دولة قطر في حالة من السعي المتواصل لتحقيق الجودة والنوعية في الخدمات التي تقدمها، تم تصميم استبانة لتطبيقها علي عينة الدراسة من المستفيدين  بمكتبة جامعة قطر من الطلاب والأساتذة والباحثين والمستفيدين من مكتبة قطر الوطنية وذلك بعد الحصول علي معلومات التواصل للمشتركين في خدمات مكتبة قطر الوطنية، كما تم تصميم إستمارة مقابلة موجهة للإدارات المسئولة و أخصائي المعلومات والمكتبات بمكتبة جامعة قطر ومكتبة قطر الوطنية لتقييم وقياس البيئة الداخلية لتلك المكتبات والتي تؤثر علي طبيعة الخدمات التي تقدمها ومقارنة تلك الخدمات والمعايير الدولية لخدمات المعلومات والمكتبات الجامعية والوطنية

With the development of technology, digitalization has been effective in all areas. Thanks to technology, the human being can reach information rapidly and at lower cost and they can do their affairs practically. Thus, brands have to digitalize in digital platforms such as the internet, social media tools and mobile applications of the target group in order
to become different from rivals.
Brands that want to be ahead of their competitors have to influence and hold target group producing new and creative contents via digital platforms. It is necessary for brands to influence the perception of target
group positively to keep pace with digital change. In this respect, they have to produce personal contents. Thus, digital assets make a significant contribution to the development of brands in the periods of marketing, communication and brand management.
In the first part of this study, concepts such as digitalization, digital asset and digital asset management are analysed by reviewing the literature. The primary purpose of this study is to explain the concept of digital asset and to emphasize its importance. Afterwards, it is aimed to analyse brands in terms of digital asset by dealing ten most valuable brands of Turkey according to survey Turkey 100-2017 made by Brand Finance that is an independent branded business valuation
and strategy consultancy. This list includes Türk Telekom, Turkcell, Türk Hava Yolları, Akbank, Garanti, Ziraat Bankası, Arçelik, Türkiye İş Bankası, Yapı Kredi ve Halkbank. In this study, content analysis technique is used from qualitative research methods. Accordingly, categories and factors used in the content analysis method have been
determined by both related literature and users. Based on factors, websites, social media accounts and mobile applications
of brands have been analysed via content analysis and coded. When the digital assets of brands are analysed, it is observed that Türk Telekom, Turkcell and Turkish Airlines are more effective in terms of social media usage and interaction in date of research.

Analogous and virtual reality begin to collide, giving rise to new uncertainties about the notion of property, and although the intangible property is frequently classified as a subset of intellectual property, because both lack physical substance, they must be discussed separately. The purpose of this article is to carry out a comprehensive and general analysis of the foundation of property in the virtual world and its various conceptions in practice, through the implementation of technologies such as Blockchain, Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality, which will virtually unlock the liquidity of digital assets, with smart, geotagged and virtual properties emerging, giving rise to new academic and legal debates.

The growth of Big Data is concurrent with the expansion and democratization of cloud computing. The ability to access a super computer is now available to any user with a credit card. Wide adoption has fueled the rise of many new industries and disruptive technologies. Building competitive, highly performing systematic algorithms is within reach for even small, bootstrapped organizations, but the availability of cheap computing power alone is insufficient to be highly successful. What matters is the amount of data an organization can access and analyze in a time sensitive fashion. We analyze the intersection of Big Data analytics and cloud computing with a focus on creating investment algorithmic strategies to trade different cryptocurrencies. It is now possible to access high quality, inexpensive time series data sets. However, the exponential increase in the size of data sets, as well as the number of data sets required makes analysis infeasible for even very powerful desktop computers. Specifically, this paper will delve into the application of Machine Learning, its unique demands, and its application to modeling cryptocurrencies through the use of Big Data and cloud computing leveraging AWS and PaperSpace. We will explore the unique approach of using a circuit of ML algorithms to improve predictive power and its dependence on cloud computing structure.

Studies have shown that undergraduates who are given support, who access internship opportunities, and who build professional relationships through networking increase their odds of getting a job offer and a higher salary upon graduation. Public colleges and universities, however, often lack the resources necessary to acquire and implement technology tools that enable students to network with professionals in their target industries in a meaningful way, prior to graduation. To provide this kind of foundational support for students attending the Michael Graves College at Kean University, to address the shortage of resources, to increase students' successful employment in the design industry, to create and leverage a community of potential employers who want to hire Kean University design students, and to increase recruitment success within the design program, Assistant Professor Denise Anderson assembled a team of student researchers and led the development of MGC Sync, a digital networking tool specifically created to provide design students with a platform to showcase their design projects, talents, skills, and other relevant information that communicates their overall value proposition.

This paper describes the practical and institutional challenges faced by Anderson and her team that led to the development of MGC Sync. It summarizes the research process used to validate the concept, the methodology employed to develop the digital networking tool, and the outcomes of the Phase I product launch. This article also describes Phase II of the MGC Sync project, which includes planned improvements based on the Phase I outcomes.

Resumen: La actividad cotidiana de cualquier persona deja hoy “rastro digital”. Esto obliga a plantear: ¿Qué ocurre con nuestro “rastro digital” cuando morimos? ¿Puede la persona prever algo al respecto?El hecho de que en el “rastro digital” puedan verse involucrados tanto aspectos de carácter neta­mente personal como patrimonial, determina que la aproximación al “rastro digital” dejado por la per­sona al fallecer pueda hacerse: o bien desde una perspectiva eminentemente patrimonial-sucesoria, de la gestión y/o el destino del patrimonio digital; o bien desde una perspectiva eminentemente personal, de la protección post mortem de la intimidad/privacidad y/o de los datos personales tanto del fallecido como de terceros. Este doble enfoque se refleja en la práctica y también en la legislación comparada, europea y norteamericana. Más concretamente, es esta una materia en la que confluyen cuestiones de Derecho de sucesiones, de Derecho contractual y de Derecho de la persona –en particular...

Digital assets in the broadest sense can be interpreted to cover all electronic assets including social media accounts. Nowadays, besides being used to interaction, social media accounts can also be utilized to gain income or material benefits. In addition, social media accounts are generally handled by influencers with abundant followers. One of the social media used by influencers on the internet is YouTube. The social media actors on YouTube are referred to as YouTubers or content creators. This research is a normative juridical legal research with the descriptive method of analysis. The result of the study shows that YouTube accounts as digital assets in practice can be used as assets in business activities. This is proven by the existence of a YouTuber or content creator who sells his account for charity or commercial purposes. In the future, YouTube accounts can potentially be a digital asset that can be used as a collateral object due to its economic value. Nevertheless, base...

W artykule zdefiniowano pojęcie "repozytorium instytucjonalne" oraz wskazano na zadania systemu repozytoryjnego. Odniesiono się do zagadnień trwałej ochrony wiarygodności, autentyczności, integralności oraz poufności zasobów cyfrowych. Opisano model archiwizacji zasobów cyfrowych OAIS oraz scharakteryzowano podstawowe metody, narzędzia i techniki składające się na politykę bezpieczeństwa cyfrowych dokumentów.

Was geschieht mit unseren Online-Accounts, wenn wir sterben? Der Beitrag geht dieser Problematik des sog. „digitalen Nachlasses“ nach, indem er zunächst die beiden BGH-Entscheidungen von 2018 und 2020 analysiert und dabei zwei offen gebliebene Fragestellungen herauskristallisiert: (1) Inwieweit sind Dispositionen des Account-Inhabers über das Schicksal des Accounts nach seinem Ableben möglich? (2) Steht das Datenschutzrecht hinsichtlich der Kommunikation des Erblassers mit Dritten einem Übergang des gesamten Online-Accounts auf die Erben gem. § 1922 BGB entgegen? Anhand eines Vergleichs mit Regelungen in den USA, Frankreich und Katalonien (eingebettet in das gesamtspanische Recht) werden alternative Lösungswege zu diesen beiden Fragen aufgezeigt und hieraus Reformüberlegungen für das deutsche Recht entwickelt. Insbesondere wird vorgeschlagen, ein Klauselverbot in § 309 BGB und eine Informationspflicht des Anbieters einzuführen und den Zugriff auf die Kommunikation mit Dritten auf Fälle zu beschränken, in denen ein berechtigtes Interesse der Erben konkret dargetan wird.

Digital assets in the broadest sense can be interpreted to cover all
electronic assets including social media accounts. Nowadays, besides
being used to interaction, social media accounts can also be utilized to
gain income or material benefits. In addition, social media accounts
are generally handled by influencers with abundant followers. One of
the social media used by influencers on the internet is YouTube. The
social media actors on YouTube are referred to as YouTubers or
content creators. This research is a normative juridical legal research
with the descriptive method of analysis. The result of the study shows
that YouTube accounts as digital assets in practice can be used as
assets in business activities. This is proven by the existence of a
YouTuber or content creator who sells his account for charity or
commercial purposes. In the future, YouTube accounts can potentially
be a digital asset that can be used as a collateral object due to its
economic value. Nevertheless, based on the property of law in
Indonesia, YouTube social media accounts as a digital asset cannot be
qualified as an asset yet, therefore a redefinition, a reconceptualization
and a reform of the property of law are considered necessary.

Who #BUIDLs and Maintains the Ethereum Network?

Ethereum Communities - Demo Slide Deck for ConsenSys

Overview: Within the broader Ethereum community are many smaller, self-organized and -motivated communities or collectives. Each community is committed to fostering the adoption, innovation, and collaboration that will enable the Ethereum ecosystem to reach its full potential.

The communities that are focused on in this deck are: The Fellowship of Ethereum Magicians, and the Ethereum Cat Herders.

Most/all content is 'clickable', and leads you to the sources of the information included in this educational slide deck.

The creation of this demonstration deck was prompted by an assignment for ConsenSys. Strictly intended for educational purposes.

I do not own the rights to the images used in this deck. Sources for all content - excluding the images on Slide #2 - located on the final slide.

Since 1998 German National Library has been collecting and archiving scientific theses and dissertations. Main goal of „Disserationen Online” project is development of organizational and technical infrastructure and putting forward a proposal of regulation by law for gathering, archiving and accessing to scientific theses and dissertations.
The Deutsche Bibliothek, German national library owing to previous activities gained an experience in creating electronic publications, their recording in proper digital format,
creating metadata for digital documents, transferring documents to library, their storage and archiving in scientific thesis and dissertations deposit of German national library and
accessing to documents for authorized users.

Assignment for Digital Asset and Media Management course "Management for Digital Content Industries" at King's College (Postgraduate).

The task required students to create a strategy for a (fictional) digital content business that is working with the B2B model and is considering a B2C model for the future.