NOM

This article examines hikma as it was practiced by Sadr al-Din Shirazi, or Mulla Sadra (d.1640), in explaining the connection between the divine names and the attributes of God. This is done via a translation of the fourth part of his al-Mazahir..(The loci of divine manifestations in the secrets of the knowledge of perfection). Hikma, islamic philosophy as it is defined here, is the combination of rational demonstrations and spiritual unveiling. Shirazi's philosophy is a synthesis of Ibn al-'Arabi's school of metaphysical unveiling, the ishraqi school led by Suhrawardi and the rational school of the Peripatetics. The text is translated here for the first time, and includes annotations.

The challenge of handling fictional discourse is to find the best way to resolve the apparent inconsistencies in our ways of speaking about fiction. A promising approach is to take at least some such discourse to involve pretense, but does all fictional discourse involve pretense? I will argue that a better, less revisionary, solution is to take internal and fictionalizing discourse to involve pretense, while allowing that in external critical discourse, fictional names are used seriously to refer to fictional characters. I then address two objections to such realist theories of fiction: One, that they can't adequately account for the truth of singular nonexistence claims involving fictional names, and two, that accepting that there are fictional characters to which we refer is implausible or ontologically profligate.

Natural organic matter (NOM) plays a critical role in regulating the transport and the fate of organic contaminants in the environment. NMR spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the investigation of the sorption and binding mechanisms between NOM and pollutants, as well as their mutual chemical transformations. Despite NMR relatively low sensibility but due to its wide versatility to investigating samples in the liquid, gel, and solid phases, NMR application to environmental NOM–pollutants relations enables the achievement of specific and complementary molecular information. This report is a brief outline of the potentialities of the different NMR techniques and pulse sequences to elucidate the interactions between NOM and organic pollutants, with and without their labeling with nuclei that enhance NMR sensitivity.

Present paper studies the influence of electrochemically generated mixed oxidants on the physicochemical properties of natural organic matter, and especially from the disinfection by-products formation point of view. The study was carried out in a full scale water treatment plant. Results indicate that mixed oxidants favor humic to non-humic conversion of natural organic matter. Primary treatment preferentially removes the more hydrophobic fraction. This converted the non-humic fraction in an important source of disinfection by-products with a 20% contribution to the final trihalomethane formation potential (THMFPF) of the finished water. Enhanced coagulation at 40 mg l−1 of polyaluminium chloride with a moderate mixing intensity (80 rpm) and pH of 6.0 units doubled the removal efficiency of THMFPF achieved at full scale plant. However, gel permeation chromatography data revealed that low molecular weight fractions were still hardly removed. Addition of small amounts of powdered activated carbon, 50 mg l−1, allowed reduction of coagulant dose by 50% whereas removal of THMFPF was maintained or even increased. In systems where mixed oxidants are used addition of powdered activated carbon allows complementary benefits by a further reduction in the THMFPF compared to the conventional only coagulation–flocculation–settling process.

El trabajo in uye en el bienestar, por este motivo, el objetivo del presente estudio ha sido conocer los factores de riesgo psicosociales en el trabajo y del entorno organizacional que in uyen de manera signi cativa sobre la satisfacción con la vida en una muestra de colaboradores de un centro de trabajo de la industria automotriz en la región Laja-Bajío en México, a través del análisis de encuestas de la guía de referencia III de la NOM- 035-STPS-2018 y la predicción que estos factores hacen sobre el bienestar como satisfacción con la vida. Se realizó un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple con método forward stepwise y diversos modelos parciales con variables de control. Los resultados muestran que la interferencia en la relación trabajo-familia y el reconocimiento del desempeño son los factores de riesgo principales que explican la satisfacción con la vida, lo cual es consistente con la orientación relacional e interpersonal del bienestar para socioculturas latino...

Concentrations of humic substances were measured in different water treatment plants. Resin adsorption with ionic (DEAE) and polymeric (DAX) resins was carried out to fractionate natural organic matter into humic and non-humic fractions. Fractions were characterized in terms of the formation potential of trihalomethanes (THMFP) and haloacetic acids (HAAFP). The effect of oxidation with a mixture of chlorine, chlorine dioxide and ozone on the nature and removal of NOM throughout treatment was also investigated. In general, DOC, UV and final THM formation potential (THMFP) values showed up-and-down trend along treatment plant. However, THMFP measured at 3 h chlorination time showed to progressively increase with the highest value of 38 μgTHM/L at plant outlet stream. This behavior coincided with an increase in the hydrophilic fraction of NOM throughout treatment. Chlorination tests were carried out at different temperatures. From these experiments similar activation energy values were calculated for THMs and HAAs formation reaction. Greatest differences were measured in disinfection by products (DBPs) formation from the chlorination of hydrophilic fraction. Values varied in the range between 2.7 and 14.5 kcal/mol, being the lowest values for the hydrophobic fraction.

... are pre-Herodian, even fewer pre-Maccabaean. Such a result may be expected in the case of the six Hasmonaean names, Simon, Judah, Eleazar, Yohanan, Jonathan, and Mattathias14 - at least if we accept flan's claim that they became popular ...

Egyptian Middle Kingdom administration employed an elaborate sealing system very like that used in the contemporary Aegean and Near East. Evidence from Karnak, Uronarti and other sites shows that the Egyptians archived the old impressions like their Aegean and Near ...

ABSTRACT Gilsonite, a naturally occurring asphaltite bitumen, consists of a complex mixture of organic compounds. In the present study, advanced one and two dimensional solid state and solution 1H, 13C and 15N nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI-FT-ICR-MS) were employed to investigate its composition and structure. 13C NMR yielded a carbon aromaticity of 27%. Aromatic moieties in gilsonite were primarily single rings or small clusters of fused rings. Half of the aromatic carbons of gilsonite can be accounted for by pyrroles. 15N and 13C cross polarization-magic angle spinning (CP-MAS) NMR showed that most nitrogen in gilsonite was pyrrolic. The aromatic rings were heavily substituted with alkyl chains, as evidenced by 1HA13C correla- tion spectra. Advanced solid state NMR spectral editing techniques clearly identified specific functional groups such as CCH3, CCH2, and C@CH2 (exomethylene). 1HA13C wideline separation (WISE) NMR helped identify mobile and non-protonated alkyl carbons. FT-ICR-MS indicated that 􏰀64% of calculated formulae generated by ESI were aliphatic, while only about 0.8–2.5% of formulae contained possible aromatic rings. All of the assigned formulae contained at least one heteroatom (N, O or S), indicating that ionization by ESI was selective for the polar fraction of gilsonite and potentially less reflective of the overall chemical character of gilsonite than NMR spectroscopy. By combining the information obtained from advanced NMR and ultrahigh resolution MS we propose a structural model for gilsonite as a mixture of many pyr- rolic and a few fused aromatic rings highly substituted with and connected by mobile aliphatic chains.