Public Perception

Increasing demands on limited water resources have made wastewater reclamation for municipal irrigation an attractive option for extending water supplies in the semiarid Southwest. However, public concerns remain about the potential risks of human contact with reclaimed water used for irrigating public and recreational areas. This study focused on identifying public perceptions regarding wastewater reuse and how these may affect

The cost of energy in the Western Upper Peninsula (WUP), a rural and northern part of the state of Michigan, is among the highest in the United States. This situation has resulted in hardship for WUP residents due to exorbitant electricity bills. While interest in renewable electricity (RE) has increased in the region, the unanswered questions are what factors would make WUP residents more or less supportive of a transition to 100% RE, and how does the support for a 100% RE transition differ between counties in the WUP? This research analyzed factors that would make residents more or less supportive of a 100% RE transition in the WUP. This research investigated public perceptions through a quantitative residents’ survey (N= 347). Using logistic regression, the results show that residents’ likelihood to participate in a municipality-led initiative that will reduce their consumption by 5% is statistically significant to their probability of support for wind energy development at p< 0.05. Furthermore, the likelihood of 100% RE transition support is very high across WUP counties, with a similar trend for project preferences. The results in this research can provide a roadmap for future community-engaged planning on 100% RE in various counties in the region.

In this paper, we examine for a sample of Los Angeles residents their willingness to pay to prevent significant climate change. We employ a frac- tional factorial design in which various climate change sce narios differing in ways consistent with existing variation in climate are pres ented to respon- dents. These are contrasted to respondents&#39; current climat e before willing-

The understanding of how people evaluate and respond to natural hazards in an urban area, and how this knowledge can be integrated in the planning and management process, are becoming very important elements of a comprehensive and participatory approach to flood hazard management. Such an approach demands a clear comprehension of the processes of the risks perception, causal attribution, possible solutions for the problem and patterns of behaviour developed during hazard situations. The willingness of the public to participate in flood management, and the attitudes to previous initiatives also need to be addressed. The provision of structural flood defences can have a major impact on the environment and there has been an expression of concern by many members of the public for the degradation of river corridors. In this context, it is becoming a commonly accepted practice by central or local governments to submit flood management plans to public discussion. Appropriate techniques for interfacing with the public are necessary to support this upsurge of public involvement. This paper presents results from research on public perception of floods, flood management and participatory initiatives in Setúbal, Portugal. An extensive interview programme was undertaken with residents and shopkeepers – with and without flood experience, professionals responsible for dealing with flood control problems and local authorities responsible for decision-making on flood management. The paper concludes with a number of recommendations for flood hazard management policy making and processes.

While many countries have developed and expanded efforts to sustain and enhance the protection of biodiversity, the effectiveness of such programs, as well as the manner in which funds are distributed, has been questioned. We examined funding allocation decisions for species conservation in Spain at different governmental scales. Several factors that may impact conservation spending patterns and policy decisions were examined, including available scientific data, current scientific policies, and public awareness and perceptions of conservation needs. Our analyses revealed a strong connection between existing conservation policies and scientific information, research priorities and public concern. We found that there is a substantial bias in the taxa that are studied, the funding levels for those studies and public policy which triggers and supports the studies. The relationships, however, are not strictly cause and effect, but are instead enmeshed in a complex feed-back system in which conventional scientific activity acts as the main driver but is itself influenced by both policy and public perception. By acknowledging both the essential role of science in this system and the critical factors that can influence the acquisition of scientific information, a constructive dialog can be established that will propel conservation activities to a more productive and environmentally sound outcome.

Despite the high demand and severe shortage of water in Jordan and Tunisia, substantial amounts of treated wastewater are discharged into seas and valleys. This paper studies the perceptions of Jordanian and Tunisian farmers’ and public towards reuse of reclaimed wastewater in irrigated agriculture. A field survey was conducted in both countries employing two sets of questionnaires and targeting 96 farmers and 326 households. The results reveal reasonably high levels of farmers’ acceptance to use reclaimed wastewater and public acceptance to consume crops irrigated with this water. The study analyzes the factors that influence decisions of farmers and public to accept or reject irrigation with the reclaimed wastewater and related crops, respectively. The results also identify the major factors that might be influential in changing the perceptions and attitudes farmers’ and public.

The research presented here evaluated viewer preferences for a road corridor in southern Utah that is managed in part by the USDA Forest Service, and in part by the National Park Service. Because philosophical differences per agency can lead to visible differences in ...

This paper reviews the experience of 174 of Canada's largest 1500 public and private sector corporations which have begun to incorporate sustainable development management and reporting as part of their operations. Answers are provided to three main questions: Why have they implemented this initiative? What progress has been made in terms of sustainability audit practice – frequency, focus, organization of the audit team –, internal communication, and external reporting? And where has, and will the leadership for the sustainability audit movement come from as why? Sustainable development auditing and reporting in Canada is voluntary. Practice varies from an elementary level to a sophisticated integrated assessment of social, environmental, labour, sourcing and trading, and governance issues. The depth of practice and experience in this area depends on several factors, including: corporate commitment, the degree of public perception of sector-wide environmental issues, exposure to legal liability, and the extent of dialogue and transparency associated with the auditing process. Differences of opinion about accounting and auditing standards as well as whether all, or parts of, audits should be independent are explored. The sources of data used for this paper include the EthicScan Corporate 1500 DataBase, The Corporate Ethics Monitor, various reports prepared by EthicScan Canada, and the consultancies of both authors.

This paper addresses the changing status of Cantonese in the public perception of Hong Kong. The approach of 1997, the year when Hong Kong will be handed back to China, will mark the beginning of the official presence of Putonghua, which so far plays only a marginal role.The notion of Chinese, which is now used as a generic term in the bracket of an official ‘Chinese-English’ situation, will have to be specified in terms of domains reserved for Putonghua and Cantonese. A major issue will be how Putonghua will be introduced in schools, as a medium of instruction (as English is now) or as a second language. The issue is blurred, as the Putonghua norm is already taught as the norm of the written code (Modern Standard Chinese), even though the pronunciation is Cantonese. Examples of classroom discourse are provided.The paper concludes with some considerations of language prospects within the changing political landscape of China.

Turkey intends to build three nuclear power stations in the Akkuyu, Sinop and Igneada regions to meet its increasing energy demands. This policy, however, is still a highly controversial topic in Turkey as nuclear energy has both advantages and disadvantages. The related literature on this topic is divided into two groups; supporters claim that nuclear energy may decrease Turkey's energy dependency on other countries, as it already imports approximately 70% of its total energy demand. In contrast, opponents argue that nuclear energy poses serious risks to the environment, which in turn can affect human health and lives. This discussion is, however, held mainly by decision makers, NGOs, the media and scholars. The related literature shows that we know little about how the civil populace perceive the pros and cons of NPPs. In order to fill in this gap, this research aims to explore citizens’ perceptions of the advantages and disadvantages of NPPs through semi-structured interviews with people local to the Akkuyu, Sinop and Igneada regions. It concludes that people are well informed about pros and cons of NPPs. They raise three main advantages including cheap electricity, low carbon dioxide and reliability, and two disadvantages, including issues of nuclear waste and the risk of accident.

In the last several decades, neoliberal discourse has dramatically reshaped welfare policy in the Western industrialised world through its emphasis on economic participation, self-reliance and personal accountability. Literature shows that institutional discourse about sole mothers shifted during this period – from one that historically viewed them as morally irresponsible to one that increasingly views them as welfare dependent and economically irresponsible.  However, less is known about the role of neoliberal discourse in shaping people’s perceptions of sole mother poverty and welfare.

This study explores online news comments about the Gillard government’s sole parent welfare amendments – a period of intense welfare debate.  Specifically, this research asks, what are online media commenters’ perceptions of sole mother poverty and welfare in an age of neoliberalism? A thematic analysis of online comments, posted between May 2012 and March 2014, was conducted in NVivo 11.  The comments were then examined within an analytical framework that drew on Bacchi’s (2009) ‘What’s the Problem Represented to be?’ method, as well as Foucauldian ideas and feminist perspectives. 

Findings reveal that the most dominant perception of sole mother poverty and welfare use is that they arise from the characteristics and choices of sole mothers, for example their alleged laziness and reproductive and parental irresponsibility.  However, sole mother commenters speak about the implications and consequences of the 2012 welfare amendments for their lives, with many fearful of the future.  These women share stories of hardship, abandonment, trauma and resilience.  Their comments reveal multiple barriers to financial security, such as inaccessible and unaffordable childcare and the underpayment and non-payment of child support.  Crucially, this research finds that across the comments, paid work among mothers is normalised, productivity is conflated with paid work participation, and care work is devalued or rendered invisible.  These findings suggest that a ‘good’ mother is no longer one who stays at home and nurtures her children.  In an age of neoliberalism, a ‘good’ and ‘responsible’ parent is one who participates in paid work regardless of gender and caring responsibility.

In addition to the overarching discourse of neoliberalism, other dominant discourses and alternative perspectives are reflected in the comments of online media commenters.  The influence of several scientific discourses, as well as activist discourses that have become institutionalised over time, such as those that emerged from women’s and fathers’ rights movements, are echoed in the comments.  Alternative perspectives consider the impact of social and circumstantial factors in the lives of sole mothers and often reflect lived experiences of poverty, welfare use and sole motherhood. 

Overall, this research uncovers a multiplicity of perceptions of the causes of sole mother poverty and welfare use in Australia.  Nevertheless, it finds that political discourse and other dominant discourses play a significant role in shaping how people perceive policy issues, such as sole mother poverty and welfare use.  This finding has implications for sole mothers and others who experience poverty or marginalisation as negative attitudes lead to stigmatisation and discrimination and impact on policy in a ‘vicious cycle’ (Schofield & Butterworth 2015).

The major purpose of this study was to assess the presence of evaluation system components that assist principals in responding to incompetent teachers. According to Virginia principals, 5 per cent of the teachers in their schools were incompetent; however, only 2.65 per cent ...

A quantitative study was conducted in 1998 to investigate differences in perception, knowledge, awareness, and attitude with regard to environmental problems between educated and community groups and to identify human-dimension factors to improve public perception, knowledge, awareness, and attitude in relation to global environmental conservation concerns in developing countries. Educated and community groups in Jakarta were interviewed, and data obtained from a total of 537 males aged 30-49 years were analyzed. The data were evaluated by the chi-squared test and logistic regression was applied after factor analysis. The results show that: (1) The perception, knowledge, awareness, and attitude of educated subjects in regard to regional and global environmental problems were much better than those of subjects in the community group; (2) The highest 'yes' response in the community group was in regard to perception of AIDS (82.9%). Few subjects in the community group knew the effects and the cause or source of environmental problems, however, they were well informed about AIDS (86.4% for effects and 93.9% for cause or source). The conclusions are: (1) subjects in the educated group had better perception, more detailed knowledge, were more aware, and had better attitudes in regard to regional and global environmental problems than those in the community group; (2) more education is needed to develop environmental actions and ethics in developing countries; (3) non-formal environmental education through popular mass media should be used more widely and frequently, and more detailed information on the environment should be provided to literate people by newspapers and other means.

This is a study on the perception on drug-related killing in General Santos City, specifically on the level of awareness on drug-related killings, favorableness on police work and consequences of being a drug user, and the government responses regarding illegal drugs as perceived by the community members. The study was conducted in General Santos City. It employed a descriptive survey design methodology and used simple random sampling technique, with a determined total population size of one hundred ninety-six (196). Respondents of the study were the community members of General Santos City, either male or female, ages 18-73, and are either professional, non-professional or students. Statistical tool such us percentage and frequency distribution and mean and grand mean were utilized in analyzing the data.
It was found out that most of the community members were from ages 18-28, female college undergraduate, student, and from Barangay Fatima. Majority of the respondents are aware of the drug-related killings in their community, which they were mainly informed through television. Community members believed that drug-related killings were not done by the policemen.  On one hand, community members agree with the proposition of war on drugs and so thus consequences on the drug users. This is because the majority of the community members believed that the governments’ advocacy towards illegal drugs is effective. Moreover, the majority are aware of the government, and the plurality expects intervention through rehabilitation, affordability, and accessibility of drug programs, and among the least is the livelihood for the drug dependents.

Dalam pemenuhan kewajibannya untuk melaksanakan CSR, PT. Adhya Tirta Batam (ATB) menyelenggarakan berbagai program salah satunya program penanaman pohon. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses komunikasi yang terjadi pada program penanaman pohon, mengetahui faktor-faktor yang paling mempengaruhi keberhasilan komunikasi pada program penanaman pohon, dan mengkaji persepsi masyarakat mengenai program penanaman pohon tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan aliran konstruktivisme, responden dipilih secara purposive, dan analisis data menggunakan model Miles & Huberman. Penelitian ini dilakukan mulai bulan September 2016 hingga Januari 2017. Proses komunikasi yang dilakukan oleh ATB dalam program penanaman pohon terdiri atas: (1) menetapkan misi; (2) menetapkan tujuan; (3) menetapkan target; (4) menetapkan strategi; (5) merancang struktur organisasi; (6) menyediakan sumber daya mausia; (7) merancang program operasional; (8) linkage stakeholder dan pemetaan wilayah; (9) menentukan sumber dana; (10) implementasi program; (11) pelaporan program; dan (12) evaluasi program. Proses komunikasi umumnya dilakukan oleh departemen corporate communication dengan stakeholders ATB. Setiap pelaku komunikasi dapat menjadi komunikator dan komunikan. Pesan dan umpan balik adalah hal-hal terkait program penanaman pohon. Saluran komunikasi yang digunakan adalah saluran langsung dan tidak langsung. Faktor credibility dan content adalah faktor yang paling mempengaruhi keberhasilan komunikasi dalam program penanaman pohon. Tidak semua stakeholders ATB memahami bahwa program penanaman pohon adalah bentuk dari CSR perusahaan, dan apa tujuan program tersebut. Komunikasi dan kedekatan antara ATB dan stakeholders harus dijalin lebih sering dalam setiap tahap program tersebut untuk membangun kualitas hubungan yang baik. Semua stakeholders beranggapan bahwa program penanaman pohon baik untuk keberlanjutan lingkungan Kota Batam terutama dalam penyediaan kebutuhan air.

This study investigated the hygienic practices by vendors of street food “doubles” and the public perception of these practices. Doubles is an East Indian-originated food comprised of two “baras” with a filling of curried “channa”/chickpea (Cicer arietinum). A structured questionnaire was administered to 120 street vendors and 115 public members in Trinidad, West Indies. Most vendors are male (61.7%), had been vending for 5 years (81.7%) and received primary level of education (72.5%). Preparation of doubles was mainly by family (84.2%) in the morning of vending (81.7%). Vendors were appropriately dressed (99.2%), used forks/spoons (100%) and tongs (81.7%) for serving. At vending sites, containers with faucets supplied water (85.7%) and toilets were not close (97.5%). Most respondents (86.1%) consumed doubles. Some (30.6%) felt ill from eating doubles, but only 2.7% reported to a medical doctor/health authority. Significant associations were found for vending practices and sanitation of vending environment.

The objective of this study is to investigate brand image and brand awareness from the perspectives of the airlines, focusing on brand awareness aspect. The result of this study is to find out the brand image and the brand awareness of Malindo Air.

“The problematic situation that gave rise to this study was that consumer perception towards airlines is a very sensitive subject from the point of view of airlines”.
(D. Van Oudheusden, 1990)

Referring to the statement above, an airlines that seeks to succeed needs to know the current and potential market for its service and able to identify customers. In this regard, this research was carried out in order to research the phenomenon perceptions that consumers have concerning airlines. This led to the research question formulations which is “How do consumer perceive airline companies?”

Tüm arşiv teorileri, arşivin ve arşiv malzemesinin tek bir gerçekliğe dayanarak tarih araştırmaları açısından nesnelliği sağladığını desteklemektedir. Yapılan çalışmalar ve bilimsel yayınlar genellikle arşivin düzenlenen ve düzenlenmesi gereken şeylerden teşekkül olduğu üzerinde durmaktadır. Bu çalışma, arşivin bir 'yapılandırma' süreci olduğunu kabul edip, daha çok arşiv algısının ve arşiv malzemesinin disiplinler arası boyutlarına dikkat çekerek, kamu algısını değiştirecek nitelikte olduğunu değerlendirmektedir. Bu değerlendirmeyi yaparken Türkiye'deki ve dünyadaki arşiv sergilerini, sergilerde kullanılan arşiv malzemelerini, sergi süreçlerini ve sergilerin kamu algısı üzerindeki etkilerine bakılmaktadır. Sabahattin Ali sergileri kamu algısı üzerinde oldukça önemli bir değişikliğe yol açtığı için bu çalışmanın odağında yer almaktadır. Sergilerde kullanılan en önemli arşiv malzemesi olan ve neredeyse tamamı Sabahattin Ali tarafından çekilen 'fotoğraf/lar'ın etkisi üzerinde de değerlendirmeler bulunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: arşiv, arşivsel malzeme, arşiv sergileri, kamu algısı, Sabahattin Ali, şahıs arşivleri


All archive theory approves that archive and archival materials ensure the objectivity for historical researchs on the basis of one actualness. Researches and scientific papers generally dwell on the idea that archive is formed of things that is organised and has to organised. This study accept that archive is a 'refiguration' process, and evaluates that archive is such as to change the public perception by remarking the interdisciplinary dimensions of archival perception and archival materials. Archival exhibitions in Turkey and in the world, archival materials used, processes of exhibitions, and impacts of these exhibitions on public perception are inspected for this study. Sabahattin Ali exhibitions are the focus of this study since they lead to an important change on public perception. In this study, there are also evaluations on the 'photographs' that are mostly used for exhibitions and most of which belongs to Sabahattin Ali himself.

Keywords: archive, archival material, archival exhibitions, public perception, Sabahattin Ali, private archives

Despite religious diversity in Western societies, media organizations tend to ignore religious minorities, often deeming them insignificant, unfavorable, and invisible. Recent literature on Western perceptions about Muslims focuses on the proliferation of negative media images and portrayals of Muslim societies. This chapter discusses how the majority of Western media, through racist, discriminatory, and dehumanized images, imagine Islam and Muslims as an Other, a monolith rooted in fanaticism and oppression that is violent and in clash with “the West.” Recognizing common perceptions about an Other that are directly influenced by widespread media portrayals that are lacking sufficient knowledge and ethical standards of coverage may help highlight and enhance efforts toward re-imagining an Other, eliminating the clash that is born in ignorance.