This document describes an experimental study comparing heat transfer in a double pipe heat exchanger with and without a phase change material (PCM). Cynamide, which melts at 44°C, was used as the PCM. Hot water at 33°C and cold water at 20°C were circulated through the heat exchangers. Temperatures were recorded every 15 minutes. With the PCM, heat transfer increased when its melting temperature was reached, as the PCM absorbed heat during its phase change. The maximum heat transfer and effectiveness occurred in the setup with the PCM pipe, showing around a 20% increase in effectiveness compared to the setup without PCM. Equations for determining the heat transfer rate, maximum
IRJET- Parametric Investigation to Evaluate the Effect of Baffle Configuratio...IRJET Journal
This study evaluated the effect of baffle configuration on heat transfer rate in a shell and tube heat exchanger using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Simulations were conducted for baffle spacings of 66mm, 76mm, and 86mm at mass flow rates of 0.5 kg/s, 1 kg/s, and 2 kg/s. The 86mm spacing had the highest heat transfer rate and outlet temperature, indicating better performance compared to the closer spacings. Maximum heat transfer rate was 219.47kW for the 86mm spacing at 2kg/s, a 52.2% increase over the 66mm spacing. Closer baffle spacing allowed for more uniform flow distribution but restricted flow compared to wider spac
OPTIMIZATION OF AN OPEN CYCLE GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT USING EXERGOECONOMICSijmech
The purpose of current study is to analyze the performance of an open cycle gas turbine power plant using
the concepts of exergoeconomics. Exergoeconomic technique involves the use of Second law of
thermodynamics and assigns monetary values to the thermodynamic quantity known as exergy. Analyses
based on exergoeconomic criteria are done for the open cycle gas turbine power plant turbine. The
methodology is illustrated using the example of a 25 MW open cycle gas turbine power plant. Optimization
has been done for the open cycle gas turbine power plant as tradeoffs between the unit product cost of the
compressor and combustion chamber as functions of compressor pressure ratio and unit product costs of
combustion chamber and gas turbine as functions of turbine inlet temperature.
Evaluating mathematical heat transfer effectiveness equations using cfd techn...aeijjournal
Mathematical heat transfer equations for finned double pipe heat exchangers based on experimental work carried out in the 1970s can be programmed in a spreadsheet for repetitive use. Thus avoiding CFD analysis which can be time consuming and costly. However, it is important that such mathematical equations be evaluated for their accuracy. This paper uses CFD methods in evaluating the accuracy of mathematical equations. Several models were created with varying; geometry, flue gas entry temperature,
and flow rates. The analysis should provide designers and manufacturers a judgment on the expected level
of accuracy when using mathematical modelling methodology. This paper simultaneously identifies best
practices in carrying out such CFD analysis
1) The document analyzes heat transfer in a double pipe heat exchanger with helical tape inserts in the annulus of the inner pipe using computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
2) A 3D model is developed and simulations are run using the SST k-ω turbulent model to analyze how helical tape inserts influence heat transfer and pressure drop at different pitch lengths and Reynolds numbers.
3) The results show that helical tape inserts increase the heat transfer rate but also increase pressure drop due to flow disruption. Nusselt number and friction factor are found to correlate well with Reynolds number for enhancing heat transfer.
Performance prediction of a thermal system using Artificial Neural NetworksIJERD Editor
This document summarizes a study on using artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict the performance of a condenser system and assess fouling over time. Experiments were conducted on an industrial condenser to collect temperature and flow rate data. An ANN model was developed and trained to predict the overall heat transfer coefficient of the clean condenser system based on the input parameters. The model was then used to calculate the fouling factor by comparing the predicted clean performance to the actual performance measured over time, indicating degradation due to fouling on the heat transfer surfaces. The developed system provides a method to monitor condenser performance and identify when cleaning is needed to improve efficiency.
Abstract The requirement of energy in any processing industry is not only a need but it is indeed a most wanted utility. In a typical processing or manufacturing industry the most common utility are steam and cooling water. However the cost of these utility are no longer cheap, in fact they are expensive. Therefore saving these utility or minimizing the usage of these utilities is one of the most needed practice in a processing industry. Pinch technology is the most common method, which is aimed at minimizing the requirement of utilities by maximizing the process to process heat transfer. In the present study temperature interval diagram or TID is used to identify the targets for minimum utility requirement and maximum process to process heat transfer in a processing facility. The targets for heat exchanger network are presented and minimization of number of heat exchangers are provided using stream splitting technique. Keywords: Pinch design, stream splitting, HEN synthesis, Utilities, TID
JIMEC Thermal modeling and Simulation of HX Conference PaperAhmed Sohail Izhar
1) The document describes a thermal modeling and simulation of an industrial shell and tube heat exchanger used to cool raw natural gas.
2) A thermal model was developed using the effectiveness-NTU method to determine the required heat transfer area and estimate the tube-side and shell-side heat transfer coefficients.
3) The results of the model showed that a heat transfer area of about 1132 m2 is required to provide a thermal duty of 1.4 MW, with tube-side and shell-side heat transfer coefficients of 950 W/m2K and 495 W/m2K respectively.
IRJET- Parametric Investigation to Evaluate the Effect of Baffle Configuratio...IRJET Journal
This study evaluated the effect of baffle configuration on heat transfer rate in a shell and tube heat exchanger using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Simulations were conducted for baffle spacings of 66mm, 76mm, and 86mm at mass flow rates of 0.5 kg/s, 1 kg/s, and 2 kg/s. The 86mm spacing had the highest heat transfer rate and outlet temperature, indicating better performance compared to the closer spacings. Maximum heat transfer rate was 219.47kW for the 86mm spacing at 2kg/s, a 52.2% increase over the 66mm spacing. Closer baffle spacing allowed for more uniform flow distribution but restricted flow compared to wider spac
OPTIMIZATION OF AN OPEN CYCLE GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT USING EXERGOECONOMICSijmech
The purpose of current study is to analyze the performance of an open cycle gas turbine power plant using
the concepts of exergoeconomics. Exergoeconomic technique involves the use of Second law of
thermodynamics and assigns monetary values to the thermodynamic quantity known as exergy. Analyses
based on exergoeconomic criteria are done for the open cycle gas turbine power plant turbine. The
methodology is illustrated using the example of a 25 MW open cycle gas turbine power plant. Optimization
has been done for the open cycle gas turbine power plant as tradeoffs between the unit product cost of the
compressor and combustion chamber as functions of compressor pressure ratio and unit product costs of
combustion chamber and gas turbine as functions of turbine inlet temperature.
Evaluating mathematical heat transfer effectiveness equations using cfd techn...aeijjournal
Mathematical heat transfer equations for finned double pipe heat exchangers based on experimental work carried out in the 1970s can be programmed in a spreadsheet for repetitive use. Thus avoiding CFD analysis which can be time consuming and costly. However, it is important that such mathematical equations be evaluated for their accuracy. This paper uses CFD methods in evaluating the accuracy of mathematical equations. Several models were created with varying; geometry, flue gas entry temperature,
and flow rates. The analysis should provide designers and manufacturers a judgment on the expected level
of accuracy when using mathematical modelling methodology. This paper simultaneously identifies best
practices in carrying out such CFD analysis
1) The document analyzes heat transfer in a double pipe heat exchanger with helical tape inserts in the annulus of the inner pipe using computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
2) A 3D model is developed and simulations are run using the SST k-ω turbulent model to analyze how helical tape inserts influence heat transfer and pressure drop at different pitch lengths and Reynolds numbers.
3) The results show that helical tape inserts increase the heat transfer rate but also increase pressure drop due to flow disruption. Nusselt number and friction factor are found to correlate well with Reynolds number for enhancing heat transfer.
Performance prediction of a thermal system using Artificial Neural NetworksIJERD Editor
This document summarizes a study on using artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict the performance of a condenser system and assess fouling over time. Experiments were conducted on an industrial condenser to collect temperature and flow rate data. An ANN model was developed and trained to predict the overall heat transfer coefficient of the clean condenser system based on the input parameters. The model was then used to calculate the fouling factor by comparing the predicted clean performance to the actual performance measured over time, indicating degradation due to fouling on the heat transfer surfaces. The developed system provides a method to monitor condenser performance and identify when cleaning is needed to improve efficiency.
Abstract The requirement of energy in any processing industry is not only a need but it is indeed a most wanted utility. In a typical processing or manufacturing industry the most common utility are steam and cooling water. However the cost of these utility are no longer cheap, in fact they are expensive. Therefore saving these utility or minimizing the usage of these utilities is one of the most needed practice in a processing industry. Pinch technology is the most common method, which is aimed at minimizing the requirement of utilities by maximizing the process to process heat transfer. In the present study temperature interval diagram or TID is used to identify the targets for minimum utility requirement and maximum process to process heat transfer in a processing facility. The targets for heat exchanger network are presented and minimization of number of heat exchangers are provided using stream splitting technique. Keywords: Pinch design, stream splitting, HEN synthesis, Utilities, TID
JIMEC Thermal modeling and Simulation of HX Conference PaperAhmed Sohail Izhar
1) The document describes a thermal modeling and simulation of an industrial shell and tube heat exchanger used to cool raw natural gas.
2) A thermal model was developed using the effectiveness-NTU method to determine the required heat transfer area and estimate the tube-side and shell-side heat transfer coefficients.
3) The results of the model showed that a heat transfer area of about 1132 m2 is required to provide a thermal duty of 1.4 MW, with tube-side and shell-side heat transfer coefficients of 950 W/m2K and 495 W/m2K respectively.
An Experimenatl Study on Heat Transfer Behaviors of A Welded - Aluminum Minic...ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Optimizing Bunsen burner Performance Using CFD AnalysisIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
Pinch analysis technique to optimize heat exchangerK Vivek Varkey
This document summarizes a student project applying pinch analysis to optimize the heat exchanger network (HEN) for a CFU unit at an ONGC Hazira plant. The student calculated heat duties for 5 heat exchangers and determined the minimum hot and cold utility requirements. By drawing temperature interval diagrams, the student designed an optimized HEN that couples process streams to maximize heat exchange and minimize utility needs. The optimized design was found to reduce heating utility needs by 83.4% and cooling needs by 33.8% compared to the current design.
Design and Thermal Analysis of Hydraulic Oil Cooler by using Computational Fl...IRJET Journal
This document describes a study analyzing the thermal performance of a hydraulic oil cooler using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It involves:
1) Designing a hydraulic oil cooler with cross-flow heat exchanger cores to transfer heat from hot hydraulic oil into ambient air.
2) Developing a thermal model and equations to calculate heat transfer rates, oil/air temperatures, heat transfer coefficients, and surface area required.
3) Validating the model through experimental testing of an oil cooler setup and comparing predicted vs actual temperature values.
Cfd and conjugate heat transfer analysis of heat sinks with different fin geo...eSAT Journals
This document discusses a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and conjugate heat transfer analysis of different fin geometries for heat sinks used in electronics cooling. Five fin geometries - zigzag, fluted, slanted mirror, custom pin fin, and staggered array - were analyzed under different heat loads and air velocity. The results show that the slanted mirror geometry provided the best thermal performance with the lowest thermal resistance and highest heat transfer coefficient, while maintaining a relatively low pressure drop. CFD simulations using ANSYS Fluent were conducted to analyze fluid flow, heat transfer, temperature distribution, and thermal performance of the different heat sink designs.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzed heat transfer in an economizer using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It discussed how fins can be added to economizer tubes to increase the heat transfer surface area between flue gases and boiler feedwater. The document reviewed previous research on economizer design optimization and failures. It described the working of CFD analysis using equations of continuity, momentum, and energy to model fluid flow. The study used the k-ε turbulence model in CFD software to analyze heat transfer with and without fins on an economizer.
The document is a research paper on energy efficiency presented by Pratap Jung Rai. It discusses various industrial utilities used in energy generation like boilers, furnaces, electric motors, pumps, compressors and HVAC systems. For boilers and furnaces, it explains the components, methodology to assess performance, calculate efficiency and opportunities to improve energy efficiency. For electric motors, it discusses factors affecting efficiency, methods to measure efficiency and load, and opportunities like using efficient motors and avoiding under-loading.
Optimization of a Shell and Tube Condenser using Numerical MethodIJERA Editor
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of installation of the tube external surfaces, their parameter and variable in a shell-and-tube condenser. Variation of heat transfer coefficient with each variable of shell and tube condenser was measured each test. The optimization tube outside diameter size was analyzed and use extended surface area attached tube with tube material and tube layout and arrangement (Number of tube a triangular or hexagonal arrangement) on shell-and tube condenser. The computer programming was used to get faster output in less time. Results suggest that mean heat transfer coefficient in variable condition were mainly at velocity is fixed. And also average additional surfaces and tube layout and the arrangement comparison with the quantity of the heat transfer.
Thermodynamic Analysis of a Cascade Refrigeration System Based On Carbon Diox...IJERA Editor
Thermodynamic analysis of a cascade refrigeration system that uses carbon dioxide-ammonia (R744-R717) as refrigerant is presented in this paper to determine the optimum condensing temperature of the cascade condenser at given design parameters, to maximize the COP of the system. The design and operating parameters considered in this study include (1) condensing, sub cooling, evaporating and super heating temperatures in the ammonia (R717) high-temperature circuit, (2) temperature difference in the cascade heat exchanger, and (3) evaporating, superheating, condensing and sub cooling in the carbon dioxide (R744) low-temperature circuit. A multilinear regression analysis was employed in order to develop two useful correlations for maximum COP, and optimum condensing temperature.
The mean key variable to control the burner performance for safe and efficient operations is the amount of excess air or oxygen which flow to react with fuel. In accordance with Typical Draft Profile in a Natural Draft furnace the numerical results of computing fluid dynamics model of the air flow from the environment to the burner by adjusting the area of air box prototype openings will give the necessary information to adjust the performance of burner as optimum. The model of air box prototype is useful tool in applying similarity theory on another burners̕ designs which depends the air box tools to calibrate the quantity of combustion air flow to the burner.
Numerical Analysis of Heat Transfer Enhancement in Pipe-inPipe Helical Coiled...iosrjce
This document presents a numerical analysis of heat transfer enhancement in pipe-in-pipe helical coiled heat exchangers. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to analyze the effect of varying parameters like inner tube diameter, mass flow rates, and flow configuration (parallel vs. counter flow). The results show that overall heat transfer coefficients increase with increasing inner Dean number and mass flow rates. Heat transfer rates also increase with higher inner mass flow rates. Counter flow configuration provides better heat transfer than parallel flow. Increasing the inner tube size decreases the total heat transfer rate due to a reduction in annulus cross-sectional area. Measured inner Nusselt numbers agree reasonably well with existing correlations.
Heat exchangers are used widely in industrial application such as chemical,
food processing, power production, refrigeration and air-conditioning
industries. Helical coiled heat exchangers are used in order to obtain a large
heat transfer per unit volume and to enhance the heat transfer rate on the inside
surface. In the present study, CFD simulations are carried out for a counter
flow tube in tube helical heat exchanger where hot water flows through the
inner tube and cold water flows through the outer tube. From the simulation
results heat transfer coefficient, pressure drop and nusselt number are
calculated. The heat transfer characteristics of the same are compared with that
of a counter flow tube in tube straight tube heat exchanger of same length
under same temperature and flow conditions. CFD simulation results showed
that the helical tube in tube heat exchanger is more effective than the straight
tube in tube heat exchanger.
An approach to evaluate the heat exchanger retrofit for installed industrial ...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper is the first part of a two-part study aiming to introduce a new integrated approach to evaluate the techno-economic value of recuperator retrofit on existing gas turbine engines. The original gas turbines are designed for combined cycles so that the pressure ratios are moderate to secure suitable exhaust temperatures. One way to enhance the thermal efficiency of some gas turbines is by using recuperation to recover some of the exhaust heat. In this part, the developed model is described and implemented for two gas turbine engines so the obtained characteristics are evaluated against the actual data. The new approach will assist users to select the suitable gas turbine models with favorable recuperator characteristics based on a technical and economic prospective. Besides, the performance results are used to design an appropriate shell and tube heat exchanger. Moreover, a new technique has been established to define the typical heat exchanger parameters in order to ensure the highest possible improvements over the original cycles. One of the main features of this method is that it depends only on the velocity of hot and cold heat exchanger streams from which the rest of the heat exchanger design and performance characteristics were derived. Key Words: integrated approach, techno-economic value, recuperation, shell and tube heat exchanger, velocity
This article investigates the thermal performance of a heat pipe heat exchanger for heat recovery in air conditioning applications. Experiments were conducted with ratios of return to fresh air mass flow rates of 1, 1.5, and 2.3. The fresh air inlet temperature was varied from 32°C to 40°C while the return air temperature was kept at 26°C. The results show that the temperature changes and effectiveness of both the evaporator and condenser sections increase with higher fresh air inlet temperatures. The enthalpy ratio between heat recovery and conventional air mixing also increases with fresh air inlet temperature, reaching 85% at 40°C.
Experimental investigation of performance of plate heat exchanger for water a...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Compact heat exchangers are most widely used for heat transfer applications in industries. Plate heat exchanger is one such compact heat exchanger, provides more area for heat transfer between two fluids in comparison with shell and tube heat exchanger. Plate type heat exchangers are widely used for liquid-to-liquid heat transfer applications with high density working fluids. This study is focused on use of plate type heat exchanger for water as a working fluid. This research work deals with experimental investigation of plate type heat exchanger with evaluation of convective heat transfer coefficient, overall heat transfer coefficient, exchanger effectiveness. The heat exchanger used for carrying out this work consists of thin metal welded plates of stainless steel with 1mm thickness, rectangular geometry and distance between two plates is 7mm. This test setup consists of total 16 numbers of plates and it is designed to withstand with 850C temperature, pressure drop is neglected. Tests are conducted by varying operating parameters like mass flow rate, inlet temperatures of hot water. The main objective of this work is to find effects of these parameters on performance of plate heat exchanger with parallel flow arrangement. Results show that, overall heat transfer coefficient and convective heat transfer coefficient increases with increase in mass flow rate and Reynolds number. Also the effectiveness varies slightly with heat capacity ratio. In this study, maximum effectiveness achieved for plate heat exchanger with water as a working fluid is 0.48.Use of plate heat exchanger is more advantageous than the tube type heat exchanger with same effectiveness, as it occupies less space.
Keywords: Plate heat exchanger, Convective heat transfer coefficient, Effectiveness, Overall heat transfer coefficient, Reynolds number.
Validation of Design Parameters of Radiator using Computational ToolIRJET Journal
This document discusses the validation of design parameters for automobile radiators using computational tools. It presents two case studies where the thermal performance of radiators is analyzed using the log mean temperature difference (LMTD) and number of transfer units (NTU) methods and the results are compared to those from a computational software tool (HXCombine). The results show good agreement between the manual calculations and software outputs, validating the use of computational tools for radiator design. Parameters like heat transfer rate, outlet temperatures, effectiveness and heat transfer area are compared for both case studies. This research demonstrates that computational tools can accurately analyze and design radiator performance.
IRJET- Experimental Evaluation of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger with P – Toluid...IRJET Journal
The document describes an experimental evaluation of a shell and tube heat exchanger using p-Toluidine as a phase change material (PCM). P-Toluidine has a melting temperature of 44°C and was filled in the tubes of the heat exchanger. Hot water was circulated through the shell side while cold water was passed through the tubes. The temperatures of the hot and cold water inlet and outlets were measured over time. Results showed that the effectiveness of the heat exchanger, or the maximum heat transfer, increased from 38% initially to 54% as the hot water temperature increased to 60°C and melted the PCM. The heat exchanger performance was found to improve with the PCM melting and storing thermal
IRJET- Experimental Evaluation of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger with P – Toluid...IRJET Journal
The document describes an experimental study of a shell and tube heat exchanger using p-Toluidine as the phase change material (PCM). P-Toluidine has a melting temperature of 44°C and was selected as the PCM due to its suitable thermo-physical properties. Water was used as the working fluid flowing through the tubes. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the temperature differences in the shell and tube heat exchanger with variations in the mass flow rate. The results showed that the effectiveness was higher when the PCM was fully melted compared to during the melting process. Equations related to heat exchanger effectiveness, maximum possible heat transfer, and the number of transfer units were also presented.
ANALYSIS OF HEAT TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS IN CROSS FLOW PLATE FIN TYPE HEAT E...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an analysis of heat transfer characteristics in a cross-flow plate fin heat exchanger using non-Newtonian fluids. The study used a cross-flow plate fin heat exchanger constructed of aluminum with corrugated fins to transfer heat between hot water and cold fluids of varying concentrations of carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC). Experiments were conducted at different flow rates and CMC concentrations to determine parameters such as heat transfer coefficients, effectiveness, and heat transfer performance. Results showed that increasing CMC concentration and flow rate affected these parameters.
Analysis of Double Pipe Heat Exchanger With Helical FinsIRJET Journal
This document analyzes a double pipe heat exchanger with helical fins through computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It aims to study the flow and temperature fields inside the tubes for different helical fin angles. The geometry of the double pipe heat exchanger is modeled in CATIA V5 and meshed in Hypermesh. CFD simulations are performed in ANSYS Fluent to analyze the flow and temperature distributions for fin angles of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 degrees. The results determine that heat transfer rate and overall heat transfer coefficient increase with helical fins compared to a smooth tube, with fins providing additional surface area to enhance heat transfer.
The document summarizes the fabrication and testing of a heat exchanger test rig. Key points:
- The test rig was designed and built to study a counter-flow tube heat exchanger using aluminum sheets and tubes.
- Finite element analysis was performed on the rig design to analyze stresses. Water was heated to 40°C and pumped through one side while tap water entered the other side.
- Effectiveness-NTU method was used to calculate theoretical outlet temperatures which were compared to experimental readings to determine error percentages.
An Experimenatl Study on Heat Transfer Behaviors of A Welded - Aluminum Minic...ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Optimizing Bunsen burner Performance Using CFD AnalysisIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
Pinch analysis technique to optimize heat exchangerK Vivek Varkey
This document summarizes a student project applying pinch analysis to optimize the heat exchanger network (HEN) for a CFU unit at an ONGC Hazira plant. The student calculated heat duties for 5 heat exchangers and determined the minimum hot and cold utility requirements. By drawing temperature interval diagrams, the student designed an optimized HEN that couples process streams to maximize heat exchange and minimize utility needs. The optimized design was found to reduce heating utility needs by 83.4% and cooling needs by 33.8% compared to the current design.
Design and Thermal Analysis of Hydraulic Oil Cooler by using Computational Fl...IRJET Journal
This document describes a study analyzing the thermal performance of a hydraulic oil cooler using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It involves:
1) Designing a hydraulic oil cooler with cross-flow heat exchanger cores to transfer heat from hot hydraulic oil into ambient air.
2) Developing a thermal model and equations to calculate heat transfer rates, oil/air temperatures, heat transfer coefficients, and surface area required.
3) Validating the model through experimental testing of an oil cooler setup and comparing predicted vs actual temperature values.
Cfd and conjugate heat transfer analysis of heat sinks with different fin geo...eSAT Journals
This document discusses a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and conjugate heat transfer analysis of different fin geometries for heat sinks used in electronics cooling. Five fin geometries - zigzag, fluted, slanted mirror, custom pin fin, and staggered array - were analyzed under different heat loads and air velocity. The results show that the slanted mirror geometry provided the best thermal performance with the lowest thermal resistance and highest heat transfer coefficient, while maintaining a relatively low pressure drop. CFD simulations using ANSYS Fluent were conducted to analyze fluid flow, heat transfer, temperature distribution, and thermal performance of the different heat sink designs.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzed heat transfer in an economizer using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It discussed how fins can be added to economizer tubes to increase the heat transfer surface area between flue gases and boiler feedwater. The document reviewed previous research on economizer design optimization and failures. It described the working of CFD analysis using equations of continuity, momentum, and energy to model fluid flow. The study used the k-ε turbulence model in CFD software to analyze heat transfer with and without fins on an economizer.
The document is a research paper on energy efficiency presented by Pratap Jung Rai. It discusses various industrial utilities used in energy generation like boilers, furnaces, electric motors, pumps, compressors and HVAC systems. For boilers and furnaces, it explains the components, methodology to assess performance, calculate efficiency and opportunities to improve energy efficiency. For electric motors, it discusses factors affecting efficiency, methods to measure efficiency and load, and opportunities like using efficient motors and avoiding under-loading.
Optimization of a Shell and Tube Condenser using Numerical MethodIJERA Editor
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of installation of the tube external surfaces, their parameter and variable in a shell-and-tube condenser. Variation of heat transfer coefficient with each variable of shell and tube condenser was measured each test. The optimization tube outside diameter size was analyzed and use extended surface area attached tube with tube material and tube layout and arrangement (Number of tube a triangular or hexagonal arrangement) on shell-and tube condenser. The computer programming was used to get faster output in less time. Results suggest that mean heat transfer coefficient in variable condition were mainly at velocity is fixed. And also average additional surfaces and tube layout and the arrangement comparison with the quantity of the heat transfer.
Thermodynamic Analysis of a Cascade Refrigeration System Based On Carbon Diox...IJERA Editor
Thermodynamic analysis of a cascade refrigeration system that uses carbon dioxide-ammonia (R744-R717) as refrigerant is presented in this paper to determine the optimum condensing temperature of the cascade condenser at given design parameters, to maximize the COP of the system. The design and operating parameters considered in this study include (1) condensing, sub cooling, evaporating and super heating temperatures in the ammonia (R717) high-temperature circuit, (2) temperature difference in the cascade heat exchanger, and (3) evaporating, superheating, condensing and sub cooling in the carbon dioxide (R744) low-temperature circuit. A multilinear regression analysis was employed in order to develop two useful correlations for maximum COP, and optimum condensing temperature.
The mean key variable to control the burner performance for safe and efficient operations is the amount of excess air or oxygen which flow to react with fuel. In accordance with Typical Draft Profile in a Natural Draft furnace the numerical results of computing fluid dynamics model of the air flow from the environment to the burner by adjusting the area of air box prototype openings will give the necessary information to adjust the performance of burner as optimum. The model of air box prototype is useful tool in applying similarity theory on another burners̕ designs which depends the air box tools to calibrate the quantity of combustion air flow to the burner.
Numerical Analysis of Heat Transfer Enhancement in Pipe-inPipe Helical Coiled...iosrjce
This document presents a numerical analysis of heat transfer enhancement in pipe-in-pipe helical coiled heat exchangers. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to analyze the effect of varying parameters like inner tube diameter, mass flow rates, and flow configuration (parallel vs. counter flow). The results show that overall heat transfer coefficients increase with increasing inner Dean number and mass flow rates. Heat transfer rates also increase with higher inner mass flow rates. Counter flow configuration provides better heat transfer than parallel flow. Increasing the inner tube size decreases the total heat transfer rate due to a reduction in annulus cross-sectional area. Measured inner Nusselt numbers agree reasonably well with existing correlations.
Heat exchangers are used widely in industrial application such as chemical,
food processing, power production, refrigeration and air-conditioning
industries. Helical coiled heat exchangers are used in order to obtain a large
heat transfer per unit volume and to enhance the heat transfer rate on the inside
surface. In the present study, CFD simulations are carried out for a counter
flow tube in tube helical heat exchanger where hot water flows through the
inner tube and cold water flows through the outer tube. From the simulation
results heat transfer coefficient, pressure drop and nusselt number are
calculated. The heat transfer characteristics of the same are compared with that
of a counter flow tube in tube straight tube heat exchanger of same length
under same temperature and flow conditions. CFD simulation results showed
that the helical tube in tube heat exchanger is more effective than the straight
tube in tube heat exchanger.
An approach to evaluate the heat exchanger retrofit for installed industrial ...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper is the first part of a two-part study aiming to introduce a new integrated approach to evaluate the techno-economic value of recuperator retrofit on existing gas turbine engines. The original gas turbines are designed for combined cycles so that the pressure ratios are moderate to secure suitable exhaust temperatures. One way to enhance the thermal efficiency of some gas turbines is by using recuperation to recover some of the exhaust heat. In this part, the developed model is described and implemented for two gas turbine engines so the obtained characteristics are evaluated against the actual data. The new approach will assist users to select the suitable gas turbine models with favorable recuperator characteristics based on a technical and economic prospective. Besides, the performance results are used to design an appropriate shell and tube heat exchanger. Moreover, a new technique has been established to define the typical heat exchanger parameters in order to ensure the highest possible improvements over the original cycles. One of the main features of this method is that it depends only on the velocity of hot and cold heat exchanger streams from which the rest of the heat exchanger design and performance characteristics were derived. Key Words: integrated approach, techno-economic value, recuperation, shell and tube heat exchanger, velocity
This article investigates the thermal performance of a heat pipe heat exchanger for heat recovery in air conditioning applications. Experiments were conducted with ratios of return to fresh air mass flow rates of 1, 1.5, and 2.3. The fresh air inlet temperature was varied from 32°C to 40°C while the return air temperature was kept at 26°C. The results show that the temperature changes and effectiveness of both the evaporator and condenser sections increase with higher fresh air inlet temperatures. The enthalpy ratio between heat recovery and conventional air mixing also increases with fresh air inlet temperature, reaching 85% at 40°C.
Experimental investigation of performance of plate heat exchanger for water a...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Compact heat exchangers are most widely used for heat transfer applications in industries. Plate heat exchanger is one such compact heat exchanger, provides more area for heat transfer between two fluids in comparison with shell and tube heat exchanger. Plate type heat exchangers are widely used for liquid-to-liquid heat transfer applications with high density working fluids. This study is focused on use of plate type heat exchanger for water as a working fluid. This research work deals with experimental investigation of plate type heat exchanger with evaluation of convective heat transfer coefficient, overall heat transfer coefficient, exchanger effectiveness. The heat exchanger used for carrying out this work consists of thin metal welded plates of stainless steel with 1mm thickness, rectangular geometry and distance between two plates is 7mm. This test setup consists of total 16 numbers of plates and it is designed to withstand with 850C temperature, pressure drop is neglected. Tests are conducted by varying operating parameters like mass flow rate, inlet temperatures of hot water. The main objective of this work is to find effects of these parameters on performance of plate heat exchanger with parallel flow arrangement. Results show that, overall heat transfer coefficient and convective heat transfer coefficient increases with increase in mass flow rate and Reynolds number. Also the effectiveness varies slightly with heat capacity ratio. In this study, maximum effectiveness achieved for plate heat exchanger with water as a working fluid is 0.48.Use of plate heat exchanger is more advantageous than the tube type heat exchanger with same effectiveness, as it occupies less space.
Keywords: Plate heat exchanger, Convective heat transfer coefficient, Effectiveness, Overall heat transfer coefficient, Reynolds number.
Validation of Design Parameters of Radiator using Computational ToolIRJET Journal
This document discusses the validation of design parameters for automobile radiators using computational tools. It presents two case studies where the thermal performance of radiators is analyzed using the log mean temperature difference (LMTD) and number of transfer units (NTU) methods and the results are compared to those from a computational software tool (HXCombine). The results show good agreement between the manual calculations and software outputs, validating the use of computational tools for radiator design. Parameters like heat transfer rate, outlet temperatures, effectiveness and heat transfer area are compared for both case studies. This research demonstrates that computational tools can accurately analyze and design radiator performance.
IRJET- Experimental Evaluation of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger with P – Toluid...IRJET Journal
The document describes an experimental evaluation of a shell and tube heat exchanger using p-Toluidine as a phase change material (PCM). P-Toluidine has a melting temperature of 44°C and was filled in the tubes of the heat exchanger. Hot water was circulated through the shell side while cold water was passed through the tubes. The temperatures of the hot and cold water inlet and outlets were measured over time. Results showed that the effectiveness of the heat exchanger, or the maximum heat transfer, increased from 38% initially to 54% as the hot water temperature increased to 60°C and melted the PCM. The heat exchanger performance was found to improve with the PCM melting and storing thermal
IRJET- Experimental Evaluation of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger with P – Toluid...IRJET Journal
The document describes an experimental study of a shell and tube heat exchanger using p-Toluidine as the phase change material (PCM). P-Toluidine has a melting temperature of 44°C and was selected as the PCM due to its suitable thermo-physical properties. Water was used as the working fluid flowing through the tubes. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the temperature differences in the shell and tube heat exchanger with variations in the mass flow rate. The results showed that the effectiveness was higher when the PCM was fully melted compared to during the melting process. Equations related to heat exchanger effectiveness, maximum possible heat transfer, and the number of transfer units were also presented.
ANALYSIS OF HEAT TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS IN CROSS FLOW PLATE FIN TYPE HEAT E...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an analysis of heat transfer characteristics in a cross-flow plate fin heat exchanger using non-Newtonian fluids. The study used a cross-flow plate fin heat exchanger constructed of aluminum with corrugated fins to transfer heat between hot water and cold fluids of varying concentrations of carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC). Experiments were conducted at different flow rates and CMC concentrations to determine parameters such as heat transfer coefficients, effectiveness, and heat transfer performance. Results showed that increasing CMC concentration and flow rate affected these parameters.
Analysis of Double Pipe Heat Exchanger With Helical FinsIRJET Journal
This document analyzes a double pipe heat exchanger with helical fins through computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It aims to study the flow and temperature fields inside the tubes for different helical fin angles. The geometry of the double pipe heat exchanger is modeled in CATIA V5 and meshed in Hypermesh. CFD simulations are performed in ANSYS Fluent to analyze the flow and temperature distributions for fin angles of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 degrees. The results determine that heat transfer rate and overall heat transfer coefficient increase with helical fins compared to a smooth tube, with fins providing additional surface area to enhance heat transfer.
The document summarizes the fabrication and testing of a heat exchanger test rig. Key points:
- The test rig was designed and built to study a counter-flow tube heat exchanger using aluminum sheets and tubes.
- Finite element analysis was performed on the rig design to analyze stresses. Water was heated to 40°C and pumped through one side while tap water entered the other side.
- Effectiveness-NTU method was used to calculate theoretical outlet temperatures which were compared to experimental readings to determine error percentages.
A Finite Element Thermo-Mechanical Stress Analysis of IC Engine PistonIRJET Journal
This document discusses a finite element analysis of thermal and mechanical stresses on an internal combustion engine piston. It begins with an introduction to pistons and the stresses they experience from high temperatures and pressures within the engine cylinder. It then describes a thermal analysis conducted using ANSYS software to model the piston's temperature distribution and calculate thermal stresses. The analysis applies thermal boundary conditions at different surfaces of the piston based on convection heat transfer calculations. The goal is to identify locations of maximum and minimum stress on the piston.
IRJET- Performance Improvement of PCM Assisted Heat PipeIRJET Journal
1) The document describes an experiment to improve the performance of a heat pipe assisted by phase change material (PCM) by introducing metal rings into the PCM.
2) PCM provides additional heat absorption and storage compared to a normal heat pipe, but has low thermal conductivity, limiting heat transfer.
3) The researchers introduced metal rings with higher thermal conductivity than the PCM material to increase the surface area in contact with the PCM and thereby increase the heat transfer rate from the heat pipe into the PCM.
4) Testing showed that the modified heat pipe with metal rings improved performance by 9.38% compared to the heat pipe without metal rings.
IRJET - Performance Analysis of a Double Pipe Heat Exchanger with and wit...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the performance of a double pipe heat exchanger with and without triangular baffles. Experiments were conducted with the heat exchanger in both parallel flow and counter flow configurations, and with varying hot and cold fluid flow rates. The results showed that heat transfer rate, log mean temperature difference (LMTD), and effectiveness were highest when triangular baffles were used compared to no baffles. This is because baffles promote better fluid mixing and heat transfer. The conclusions indicate that triangular baffles can significantly improve the performance of a double pipe heat exchanger.
This document summarizes a study that uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to analyze the flow and heat transfer characteristics of different elliptical pin fin heat sink configurations. The study aims to examine the effects of elliptical pin fin design parameters on heat sink performance. CFD simulations are conducted using ANSYS Fluent software to compute the thermal resistance, heat transfer coefficient, and surface Nusselt number of plate fin and elliptical pin fin heat sinks. Results show that the elliptical pin fin heat sink has better heat transfer performance than the plate fin heat sink. Simulation results for thermal resistance and pressure drop are validated against experimental data from previous studies.
This document discusses the use of an "over-conductivity function" to model the natural cooling process in steam turbines. It summarizes previous research on modeling natural cooling and validates the over-conductivity approach on three additional turbines. The over-conductivity function replaces complex fluid dynamics with an equivalent higher conductivity, allowing faster simulations while maintaining 15-18°C accuracy compared to temperature measurements during natural cooling periods of over 100 hours.
Experimental Study on Phase Change Material based Thermal Energy Storage SystemIRJET Journal
1) The document describes an experimental study on using phase change materials (PCMs) like calcium chloride hexahydrate and sodium carbonate decahydrate to store thermal energy.
2) The experiment involved charging two PCMs by flowing hot water through a copper tube containing the PCMs, and discharging by flowing cold water, measuring temperatures over time.
3) The results showed that increasing the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid during charging and discharging increased the heat storage and release capacity of both PCMs.
HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS OF EFFECTS OF LONGITUDINAL FINS ON HEAT TRANSFER IN DO...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes heat transfer in a double pipe heat exchanger with and without longitudinal fins. It was found that using longitudinal fins improves heat transfer performance. Specifically:
1) Heat transfer rate and LMTD increased by 28.42 watts and 12.5 watts respectively with fins compared to without fins.
2) Effectiveness, which is a measure of heat exchanger performance, increased from 0.3211 without fins to 0.3533 with fins.
3) Overall heat transfer coefficient and rate of heat transfer were higher with fins, showing fins enhance heat transfer in double pipe heat exchangers.
IRJET- Development and Calibration of Modified Parallel Plate Method for Meas...IRJET Journal
This document reviews methods for measuring the thermal conductivity of liquids. It discusses why determining thermal conductivity is important for engineering applications involving heat transfer. It then describes several common techniques for measuring thermal conductivity, including steady-state parallel plate and coaxial cylinder methods as well as transient hot wire, flat plate, and 3-omega methods. For each technique, it covers the basic principles, advantages, and limitations. The focus is on developing an accurate yet simple method for measuring thermal conductivity in laboratories while minimizing the effects of convection in liquids.
IRJET- Heat Exchanger Analysis and Method to Improve its EffectivenessIRJET Journal
This document discusses heat exchanger analysis and methods to improve heat exchanger effectiveness. It begins with an abstract that outlines analyzing heat exchangers using the log-mean temperature difference and number of transfer unit methods. It then discusses varying the mass flow rates of the hot and cold fluids in a counter flow heat exchanger and analyzing the effects on parameters like effectiveness, heat transfer coefficient, and capacity ratio. The key findings are that decreasing the mass flow rates of both the hot and cold fluids leads to increased heat exchanger effectiveness.
Recent advances in semiconductor technology show the improvement of fabrication on
electronics appliances in terms of performance, power density and even the size. This great achievement
however led to some major problems on thermal and heat distribution of the electronic devices. This
thermal problem could reduce the efficiency and reliability of the electronic devices. In order to minimize
this thermal problem, an optimal cooling techniques need to be applied during the operation. There are
various cooling techniques have been used and one of them is passive pin fin heat sink approach. This
paper focuses on inline pin fin heat sink, which use copper material with different shapes of pin fin and a
constant 5.5W heat sources. The simulation model has been formulated using COMSOL Multiphysics
software to stimulate the pin fin design, study the thermal distribution and the maximum heat profile.
IRJET- Uncertainty Analysis of Flat Plate Oscillating Heat Pipe with Differen...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the thermal performance of a flat plate oscillating heat pipe (OHP) using different working fluids. It presents the following key points:
1. An experimental setup was used to test the OHP with working fluids like water, ethanol, methanol, and acetone. Thermal resistance was calculated at varying heat input levels.
2. Acetone showed the lowest thermal resistance and best thermal performance compared to the other fluids. Thermal resistance decreased with increasing heat input for all fluids.
3. Uncertainty analysis was performed on the heating power and thermal resistance measurements. For a sample acetone test, the uncertainties were calculated to be 5.17% for heating power and 1.5%
This document summarizes an experiment on enhancing the heat transfer efficiency of a counter flow heat exchanger by using API SN oil and Super Kool Xtra oil. The experimental setup uses a copper tube heat exchanger with the hot fluid passing through the inside of the copper tube and the cold fluid passing over the outside. Temperature readings are taken at the inlet and outlet of both fluids. The results show that API SN oil provides greater heat transfer efficiency than water or Super Kool Xtra oil based on the temperature changes of the fluids. The heat exchanger has applications in industries involving heat transfer like oil/gas, power generation, and industrial processing.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IRJET- CFD Analysis of Double Pipe Heat Exchanger with Different Inner Se...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the heat transfer performance of a double pipe heat exchanger with circular and square inner sections using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). CFD simulations were conducted using ANSYS Fluent to analyze temperature contours and heat transfer rates. The results showed that the square inner section heat exchanger absorbed more heat from the hot fluid and had a higher heat flow rate than the circular section design, with the cold fluid outlet temperature being higher for the square section. In conclusion, the square inner section design exhibited better heat transfer performance compared to the conventional circular section design for this type of heat exchanger.
DESIGN, ANALYSIS AND PERFORMANCE INVESTIGATION OF HEAT EXTRACTION UNIT USING ...Journal For Research
Over the last years, there has been growing interest in applying new technologies to improve the heat transfer from the various heat sources such as geothermal energy, power plants, diesel engines, automobiles and other industrial heat-generating process. The heat transfer enhancement by means of extended surface type heat exchanger is well established technology and at present being adopted by most of the waste heat recovery system. Different types of heat transfer enhancement techniques using fins are available in extended surface type heat exchanger but each of this technique having different heat transfer enhancement ratio. Different researchers have analyzed the effect of fin geometry and combination of fins on heat transfer enhancement technique. In present research, find out the effect of fins on heat transfer augmentation or heat transfer coefficient for extracting heat from various waste heat sources.
Similar to IRJET- Comparsion of Heat Transfer Analysis of Double Pipe Heat Exchanger with & with out PCM (20)
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1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
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A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
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Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
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A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Sachpazis_Consolidation Settlement Calculation Program-The Python Code and th...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Consolidation Settlement Calculation Program-The Python Code
By Professor Dr. Costas Sachpazis, Civil Engineer & Geologist
This program calculates the consolidation settlement for a foundation based on soil layer properties and foundation data. It allows users to input multiple soil layers and foundation characteristics to determine the total settlement.