- Cirad
73 rue Jean-François Breton 34000 Montpellier
34398 Montpellier Cedex 5 France - 33 (0) 4 67 61 44 45
Temple Ludovic
CIRAD, ES/UMR innovation, Department Member
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La palabra tianguis viene de la lengua náhuatl "tianquiztli" que quiere decir mercado. Se usaba para referirse a los mercados internos locales realizados en Mesoamérica en la época de México antiguo. Actualmente en México está... more
La palabra tianguis viene de la lengua náhuatl "tianquiztli" que quiere decir mercado. Se usaba para referirse a los mercados internos locales realizados en Mesoamérica en la época de México antiguo. Actualmente en México está germinando un movimiento de tianguis y de mercados orgánicos locales, detonado por una diversidad de actores sociales, en la búsqueda de alternativas en la producción y el consumo local de alimentos. Este artículo pretende dar cuenta de los mecanismos organizativos que se desarrollan en los tianguis , como procesos de innovación socioambiental provenientes de la sociedad civil, en el marco del sistema alimentario mexicano . Este trabajo está estructurado en tres partes. La primera explica el marco teórico-metodológico en el que se realizó la investigación, así como el área geográfica a la que circunscribe; la segunda presenta las condiciones del surgimiento de los tianguis alternativos locales en México, su contexto y diversidad (orgánicos, agroecoló...
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The challenges posed by food security for populations in sub-Saharan Africa and the fact that extensive production systems are reaching their limits in food-producing agriculture imply accelerating technological innovation toward... more
The challenges posed by food security for populations in sub-Saharan Africa and the fact that extensive production systems are reaching their limits in food-producing agriculture imply accelerating technological innovation toward ecological intensification of agricultural production systems. A review of research on plantain banana in Cameroon since 1988 revealed how institutional innovation enabled hybridization of different forms of research (fundamental, systems, and action research) and reinforced the organizational innovation required for technical change. Evaluation of impacts underlined the complementarity between an increase in productivity and in income in rural areas, the production of human and social capital and the protection of forest resources.
Research Interests: Action Research, Sustainable Development, Social Capital, Productivity, Agriculture, and 14 moreTechnological Innovation, Food Processing, Food Security, Technical Change, Production economics, Research and Development, Agricultural Production, Socioeconomic Status, Emerging Technology, Organizational Innovation, Sub Saharan Africa, Rural Area, Production System, and Innovation
In the last 30 years Kenya's national coffee production decreased by about 70%. In some areas like Muranga County, the decline was up to fivefold and coffee is now replaced by food crops in lower altitudes due to erratic rainfall and... more
In the last 30 years Kenya's national coffee production decreased by about 70%. In some areas like Muranga County, the decline was up to fivefold and coffee is now replaced by food crops in lower altitudes due to erratic rainfall and increased temperature. Projected mean temperature increase between 3oC and 4oC may result in yield losses of 8 - 22 percent by 2050 unless climate smart adaptation practices are undertaken. Adaptation depends on farmers noticing climate change has indeed affected them and perceiving the need for, and benefits from new production strategies. However, there is marked difference in the way scientists and farmers perceive climate change and how it affects agriculture. Therefore, this study aims to: 1) explore how cropping systems are changing; 2) analyse how scientists and farmers respectively perceive climate change; 3) present farm-level adaptation strategies and how climate smart strategies strengthen adaptive capacity of farmers. The study is based ...
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Research Interests: Business, Sociology, Economics, Climate Change, Economics of Innovation, and 15 moreAgriculture, System Innovation For Sustainability, Kenya, Applied Economics, Management of innovation (Economics), Business and Management, Changement Climatique, étude De Cas, Innovation economics, Innovation System, Innovation & Change Management, Coffea, Innovation, Production végétale, and Adaptation Aux Changements Climatiques
... Ludovic Temple1*, Moise Kwa2, Roger Fogain2 and Alassa Mouliom Pefoura2 ... Lékié district, which used to supply all of Yaoundé (Dongmo, 1985), can no longer support its own population (MINPAT/PNUD, 2000), who are consequently... more
... Ludovic Temple1*, Moise Kwa2, Roger Fogain2 and Alassa Mouliom Pefoura2 ... Lékié district, which used to supply all of Yaoundé (Dongmo, 1985), can no longer support its own population (MINPAT/PNUD, 2000), who are consequently migrating to the margins of settled or ...
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ABSTRACT
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Research Interests: Business, Action Research, Sustainable agriculture, Social Capital, Impact Evaluation, and 15 moreBiology, Agriculture, Food Security, Environmental Sciences, Intensification, Agricultural Production, Développement Durable, Organizational Innovation, Sub Saharan Africa, Education for Sustainable Development, Rural Area, Production System, Musa Paradisiaca, Innovation, and Recherche Agronomique
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The evolution of the concept of food security and of food securization emphasizes the multi-dimensionality of food challenges (quantity, quality, affordability, identity, stability, etc.). This implies strengthening the innovation... more
The evolution of the concept of food security and of food securization emphasizes the multi-dimensionality of food challenges (quantity, quality, affordability, identity, stability, etc.). This implies strengthening the innovation capacity of populations faced with food insecurity. The objective of this study was to analyze how the concept of innovation system structures different trajectories of innovation for food security in developing countries. A literature review firstly examines the application of this concept within the agricultural and food sector (SIA). The application of the concept is then tested in two case studies. A first type of “productivist” path hypothesizes that food security necessitates increased availability and thus requires industrial input. This type of path re-emerged during the 2008 financial crisis in a form that included biotechnological potentialities, and retained a linear conception of innovation. This type of path is limited by environmental and soc...
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The concept of Innovation Systems (IS) exists not only in a significant amount of research on innovation since the late 1980s but also increasingly in the documents of public policies on innovation and of international development... more
The concept of Innovation Systems (IS) exists not only in a significant amount of research on innovation since the late 1980s but also increasingly in the documents of public policies on innovation and of international development agencies (OECD, EU, World Bank, etc.). In general, this concept aims to understand how a set of institutions, organizations, networks and actors can interact to foster innovation in a given national, regional, or sectoral space, or in a space constructed by companies or around the development of a technology (Carlsson et al., 2002). Originally used to study technological innovations in industry and the development of ‘knowledge economies’ (Foray, 2009), the concept was extended to the analysis of agricultural and agrifood activities (World Bank, 2006). It seems to have found fertile ground in this domain because of the existence of specialized research and development institutions and a renewed interest in agricultural innovation in pursuit of sustainable development (McIntyre et al., 2009). Adaptations of the concept of IS to this sector have been proposed, such as that of ‘Agricultural Innovation System’ (EU SCAR, 2012), but since there seem to be a multiplicity of definitions and usages, a critical review is called for.
This article aims to analyze how different ‘knowledge communities’ (Conein, 2004) use the concept of IS in agriculture or agrifood systems, and how these uses question the specifics of innovation in this sector: do these communities’ scientific publications reflect a simple application of a general IS approach to a sector? Or do they instead give rise to more original proposals which include the conditions under which innovation can take place in the agriculture and agrifood sector? To answer these questions, we base our work on a literature review and a bibliometric study undertaken on a selection of international journals on agriculture and innovation.
In the first part, we review the evolution and diversity of studies on the concept of IS in order to propose an analytical framework based on three areas: the concept’s theoretical and analytical frame of reference, its area of application, and its purposes and uses. In the second part, the results of the bibliometric work are presented in terms of indicators derived from the above framework. These results are discussed in the third part. They suggest that there exist four distinct knowledge communities, each of which questions in a different manner the specific character of the work mobilizing IS to study agricultural and/or agrifood innovation.
This article aims to analyze how different ‘knowledge communities’ (Conein, 2004) use the concept of IS in agriculture or agrifood systems, and how these uses question the specifics of innovation in this sector: do these communities’ scientific publications reflect a simple application of a general IS approach to a sector? Or do they instead give rise to more original proposals which include the conditions under which innovation can take place in the agriculture and agrifood sector? To answer these questions, we base our work on a literature review and a bibliometric study undertaken on a selection of international journals on agriculture and innovation.
In the first part, we review the evolution and diversity of studies on the concept of IS in order to propose an analytical framework based on three areas: the concept’s theoretical and analytical frame of reference, its area of application, and its purposes and uses. In the second part, the results of the bibliometric work are presented in terms of indicators derived from the above framework. These results are discussed in the third part. They suggest that there exist four distinct knowledge communities, each of which questions in a different manner the specific character of the work mobilizing IS to study agricultural and/or agrifood innovation.