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This two-day seminar marked the inauguration of an on-site exhibition hosted and made possible by the Archivio di Stato and the Datini Archive in Prato, and of a virtual counterpart which will be displayed online... more
This two-day seminar marked the inauguration of an on-site exhibition hosted and made possible by the Archivio di Stato and the Datini Archive in Prato, and of a virtual counterpart which will be displayed online
(https://www.paperinmotion.org/). Both events are organized by the Paper in Motion Work Group, led by Prof. José María Pérez Fernández (University of Granada) which in its turn is part of the PIMo COST Action, led by Prof. Giovanni Tarantino (University of Florence). They have been curated in close collaboration with Chiara Marcheschi (Archivio di Stato, Prato) and Matteo Calcagni (European University Institute, Florence), and a large group of international archives, scholars, and archivists detailed in
the online exhibition and its catalogue. The exhibitions sample relevant cases of paper-based information and data in the fields of trade and finance. They put together documents which circulated throughout vast networks connecting strategic locations between the North of Europe and the Mediterranean, and eventually acquired a global dimension by reaching outposts in the Americas, Africa, and the Pacific. They aim
to display a representative corpus of primary documents that can be used as empirical case studies for a transnational history and a critical approach to the nature, function, and evolution of such documents. We are particularly interested in the formats, genres, and strategies employed for the circulation of such documents across linguistic, cultural, political, ethnic, and religious communities, and what this entailed for their formal features, their semiotic nature, and their performative functions. The seminar intends to provide a ground-breaking approach to all these different documents which will include not just financial and economic
history, but also cultural and literary history, translation and media studies, and the history of communication.
This online exhibition is available at <www.paperinmotion.org> The high-resolution catalogue can be downloaded from <https://www.paperinmotion.org/download/2021_PAPER_IN_MOTION.pdf> This exhibition consists of 93 different documents... more
This online exhibition is available at <www.paperinmotion.org>

The high-resolution catalogue can be downloaded from <https://www.paperinmotion.org/download/2021_PAPER_IN_MOTION.pdf>

This exhibition consists of 93 different documents in Hebrew, Arabic, Latin, Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese, German, Italian and Armenian, from archives in the Netherlands, Germany, Portugal, Spain, Italy, Egypt, and Malta, all of which house paper-based records of financial and commercial activity between the late fourteenth and the early eighteenth centuries. The exhibition thus samples some of the most relevant paper-based formats and documentary genres used to codify commercial information and financial value by different communities around the Mediterranean. They illustrate relations among these eminently Mediterranean communities as well as their deals with the north of Europe. Above all our exhibition intends to look into the ways in which these documents register information and values that go beyond mere economic data and pertain to other disciplines such as diaspora studies, the history of emotions, cultural studies and the history of communication. More than on the merely domestic circulation of these documents, we focus upon the formats, genres, and strategies employed for the circulation of such documents across linguistic, cultural, political, ethnic, and religious communities, and what these transnational and interdisciplinary entanglements entailed in terms of their formal features, their semiotic nature, and their functions. The exhibition proposes, in conclusion, a selection of paper traces left behind by the movement of people, objects, and ideas across the Mediterranean, and as such, it addresses some of the most important objectives of the PIMo COST Aaction, which include:

Redrawing geographical and disciplinary boundaries in innovative ways.;

Developing new perspectives for the study of circulation, dislocation, and dispossession across a region of historical significance and contemporary urgency;.

Multiplying and cross-referencing primary sources in different partner countries in order to respond adequately to the complexity of comparative historiography within the Mediterranean;.

Bringing together researchers from multiple academic traditions, areas, and disciplines including literary, art, cultural, political and material history.;

Providing an alternative history of the ‘Great Sea’ by looking at the ‘Mediterranean in the world’ and by introducing the study of emotion, firstly to its the history of human dislocation, and secondly as a site of hitherto unwritten history;.

Building a functional and highly- creative interdisciplinary network of collaborators from around the world that will continue a carry on the conversation after the life of the grant reaches the end of its duration.

This project has been developed and made possible thanks to the generous support and the valuable contributions of the scholars, the archivists, the librarians and the administrators of each of the participating archives and libraries, all of whom have provided images, information and expertise for the captions, as well as essays to introduce and contextualisze the documents and the institutions that curate them. A project of this nature must perforce be the result of enthusiastic and devoted teamwork, and we want to take this opportunity to extend our heartfelt gratitude to all those involved, and mostlyin particular to Matteo Calcagni (European University Institute) and Chiara Marcheschi (Prato State Archives) for their invaluable contribution to the concept and the curation of the exhibition. Without them, none of this would not have been possible.
Alla fine del XVII secolo, alcuni operatori economici toscani si diressero verso il Levante alla ricerca di opportunità commerciali e rapidi guadagni. Il capitolo mira a ricostruire il microcosmo di Francesco Adami (1654-1702), un... more
Alla fine del XVII secolo, alcuni operatori economici toscani si diressero verso il Levante alla ricerca di opportunità commerciali e rapidi guadagni. Il capitolo mira a ricostruire il microcosmo di Francesco Adami (1654-1702), un mercante cresciuto tra Empoli e Livorno che, dopo aver girovagato per un decennio nel Mediterraneo orientale, lavorando prima come scrivano e poi come factor per società commerciali francesi e inglesi, approdò ad Acri, un piccolo porto della Palestina. Pur non conoscendo l’economia di quella terra, strategica per il commercio di cotone, l’Adami fondò la sua ditta insieme a un mercante franco-palestinese, e, nel 1699 , fu designato perfino viceconsole inglese in Palestina. Tale scelta scatenò una breve crisi tra la locale comunità francese e quella inglese di Aleppo a causa dell’ambigua identità dell’Adami e del mancato riconoscimento della nomina da parte del pascià di Sidone, quest’ultimo elemento indispensabile per esercitare un ruolo diplomatico in Levante.
The resurgence of global trade between the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries profoundly changed the balance among the Mediterranean port cities, with operations concentrated in a few large cities such as Livorno, Marseille and Venice.... more
The resurgence of global trade between the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries profoundly changed the balance among the Mediterranean port cities, with operations concentrated in a few large cities such as Livorno, Marseille and Venice. However, there was a different situation in the eastern Mediterranean, where there was still a network of numerous minor ports involved in both international trade and coastal shipping. One of them, Acre, a fishing village along the coast of Palestine with a glorious past, experienced a singular renaissance due to the massive presence of European, mainly French, merchants who at the turn of the eighteenth century decided to move from Marseille to Palestine, attracted by the lucrative grain and cotton trade, one of the pillars of the economy of Ottoman Syria. It was not a gradual process of development, but an uneven expansion, shot through with cultural and economic tensions, and shaped by the ambitions of the cosmopolitan community that crowded the harbour at the time, namely a fierce French ‘Nation’, some representatives of the Levant Company, and Arab merchants and shaykhs. Through the entanglement of public and private sources, memoirs and correspondence preserved between Paris, Marseille and Florence, the essay aims to reconstruct the complicated daily context that, starting in the late seventeenth century, transformed the small port of Acre into the main hub of early modern Palestine.
Very little has been written on the Tuscan economy of the seventeenth century, generally dismissed as a period of crisis between the governments of the Grand Dukes Ferdinando II (1621–1670) and Cosimo III (1670–1723). Even less light has... more
Very little has been written on the Tuscan economy of the seventeenth century, generally dismissed as a period of crisis between the governments of the Grand Dukes Ferdinando II (1621–1670) and Cosimo III (1670–1723). Even less light has been thrown on the financial and commercial operators who traded between Florence and Livorno and then expanded throughout the Mediterranean and beyond. In this article will use previously unpublished Italian and Ottoman economic documentary material scattered in Tuscany to look into the economic activities of some Tuscan businessmen and their companies. They include Ugolino Del Vernaccia (1612–1702), a noble Florentine capitalist who in the 1640s founded an important trading company in Florence with representatives all over Europe, one of the most important of its time, and his nephew Raffaello, who instead preferred to establish his firm in Livorno. The vast quantity and variety of economic documentation kept in the Caccini Del Vernaccia archive will allow for the reconstruction of the business networks of the Del Vernaccia company. Whereas the Del Vernaccias’ interests were primarily in continental Europe and the Western Mediterranean, the second case study revolves around the unknown mercantile activities of Francesco Adami (1654–1702) and his younger brother Domenico (1655–1715) in the Levant. Written in several European languages, in Ottoman Turkish and Arabic these documents kept in the Adami-Lami archive constitute unique cases in the history of early modern Mediterranean trade for so far there was no information on Tuscan merchants in Ottoman Syria at the end of the seventeenth century. These remarkable two collections testify to the transversal contacts that Tuscan economic operators had with the cosmopolitan trade communities in the Mediterranean.
The transmission of mercantile culture is certainly not an innovative topic in international historiographic debate, but the difficulties of obtaining information from the few available primary sources have left open a number of questions... more
The transmission of mercantile culture is certainly not an innovative topic in international historiographic debate, but the difficulties of obtaining information from the few available primary sources have left open a number of questions that deserve further investigation. These include the content of the schooling received and the methods of professional training, the working conditions and the duties carried out by young apprentices in everyday life. By comparing a preliminary analysis of previously unexplored archive sources with the ideal expectations set by seventeenth-century manuals for traineeships, the article reconstructs the period of training of the young and restless Francesco Adami (1654-1702) in London in 1673, during the troubled reign of King Charles II. After working alongside his father Antonio in the wine trade in Florence and Livorno, Adami became a merchant who led a short but picaresque life in the eastern Mediterranean on the fringes of the Levant Company, until he was appointed English vice-consul in Palestine in 1699. During his youthful sojourn in the home of Francesco Terriesi in London, Adami wrote letters to his father Antonio describing his traineeship and the progress he was making in business in a country whose language and political situation he did not know at all.
Seminar for doctoral students in the 'Digital Humanities: the premodern Mediterranean and beyond' course held by Prof. Kathryn Reyerson - University of Minnesota, 17 April 2024.
Nell’ambito di alcuni convegni e workshops nei quali siamo stati recentemente coinvolti, ci siamo resi conto quanto il nostro giudizio sulla Toscana di tardo Seicento fosse condizionato dalle poche pubblicazioni accessibili. Infatti, il... more
Nell’ambito di alcuni convegni e workshops nei quali siamo stati recentemente coinvolti, ci siamo resi conto quanto il nostro giudizio sulla Toscana di tardo Seicento fosse condizionato dalle poche pubblicazioni accessibili. Infatti, il periodo tra i governi di Ferdinando II e Cosimo III de’ Medici (1628–1723) non ha beneficiato dell’attenzione storiografica che meritava, almeno negli ultimi decenni. Il disinteresse per questo lungo periodo della storia toscana, durante il quale si sono delineate molte delle caratteristiche fondamentali dell'economia e della cultura del Granducato di Toscana, ha origini lontane e affonda le sue radici in una visione complessivamente negativa che identifica il XVII secolo come un periodo poco significativo (Angiolini, 2003). L’evidente scarsità di scritti dedicati alla storia toscana composti in quel periodo, poi, non ha contribuito a favorire il dibattito storiografico, alimentando il giudizio avverso sul Seicento mediceo. Come noto, la prima opera dedicata alla storia dello stato mediceo nel Seicento fu l’Istoria del Granducato di Toscana (Galluzzi, 1781). Il voluminoso studio, commissionato dal granduca Pietro Leopoldo d’Asburgo-Lorena, si inseriva in un complesso programma ideologico che mirava a esaltare il processo riformista intrapreso dalla nuova dinastia regnante sul granducato. Solo negli anni ’90 del Novecento, un folto gruppo di studiose e studiosi si impegnò a ripensare l’età di Cosimo III. Uno sforzo intellettuale collegiale che portò alla pubblicazione degli atti del convegno ‘La Toscana nell'età di Cosimo III’ del 1990 (Angiolini, Becagli e Verga, 1993), a tutt’oggi l’unico strumento disponibile per approcciare scientificamente quel periodo storico. Tuttavia, a distanza di trent’anni e alla luce delle nuove interpretazioni dei fenomeni storici, riteniamo che sia più che necessario proporre nuovi problemi di ricerca, aggiornando la storiografia di quel particolare e turbolento periodo tramite fonti poco conosciute e metodologie recenti seppur consolidate, come per esempio la Microstoria Globale (Trivellato, 2011; Ghobrial, 2019), la Material Culture History (Biedermann, Gerritsen e Riello, 2018; Riello, 2022) e la New Diplomatic History (Alloul e Auwers, 2018), che negli ultimi anni hanno permesso un notevole ampliamento e rinnovamento delle nostre conoscenze storiche. Con la nostra partecipazione alle attività seminariali di ‘Attraverso la Storia’, ci proponiamo quindi di analizzare, mediante l’applicazione dei jeux d’échelles (Revel, 1996), alcuni casi concreti di interazione tra attori sociali e istituzionali della Toscana medicea. L’obiettivo è cogliere così la ristrutturazione, su più livelli, dei rapporti tra corpi e apparati nel lungo Seicento, un’epoca di riconfigurazione generale degli equilibri locali e internazionali.
Seminar within the activities of the ERC Horizon 2020 project "HOLYLAB - A global economic organisation in the early modern period: The Custody of the Holy Land through its account books (1600-1800)", https://holylab-erc.uniroma3.it/,... more
Seminar within the activities of the ERC Horizon 2020 project "HOLYLAB - A global economic organisation in the early modern period: The Custody of the Holy Land through its account books (1600-1800)", https://holylab-erc.uniroma3.it/, Department of Political Sciences, University of Roma Tre, 23 January 2024.
Ripensare la Storia della Toscana tra Sei e Settecento: Il Granduca Cosimo III de' Medici, Accademia La Colombaria, Florence, 16 November 2023.
Seminar for students of the Master's Degree Course in Ancient and Modern Eastern Languages and Civilisations, SAGAS, University of Florence, 30 May 2023.
CERTA FULGENT SIDERA.
Cosimo III de' Medici (1642-1723): Chiarezza di mente, gentilezza e maestade.
Convegno in occasione del III centenario della morte, Marucelliana Library, Florence, 6 May 2023.
SPLENDID ENCOUNTERS XI REMAPPING DECISIONS: GOVERNMENTAL DECISIONS IN EARLY MODERN DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BETWEEN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE AND EUROPE. 27 April – 28 April 2023 Austrian Academy of Sciences Institute for Habsburg and Balkan... more
SPLENDID ENCOUNTERS XI
REMAPPING DECISIONS: GOVERNMENTAL DECISIONS IN EARLY MODERN DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BETWEEN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE AND EUROPE.
27 April – 28 April 2023
Austrian Academy of Sciences
Institute for Habsburg and Balkan Studies, Wien
Seminar for PhD students in Historical Studies, Universities of Florence and Siena (Early modern History/Contemporary History/Sciences of Books, Institutions and Archives; courses XXXVII and XXXVIII), Florence, 13 March 2023.
'The Digital Mediterranean Seminar', HEC Department, European University Institute, Florence, 6 February 2023.
Global History seminar, SAGAS, University of Florence, 11 October 2022.
“L’incontro col “diverso”: il viaggio come scoperta dell’alterità in Occidente e tra Occidente ed aree extraeuropee 1600-2000”, University of Pisa, 30 September - 1 October 2022
T2M 20th Annual Conference | T2M & MoHu joint Conference. MOBILITIES: DISRUPTIONS AND RECONNECTIONS. Padua, 21-24 September 2022
«Il Teatro della Turchia» Visioni del vicino Oriente in età Moderna
Pisa, Seminario PRA Unipi: «Un mare connesso»,  12-14 May 2022, University of Pisa
Seminario per gli studenti del Dottorato in Studi, Storici delle Università di Firenze e Siena (curricula Storia Moderna/Storia Contemporanea/Scienze del libro, istituzioni e archivi; cicli XXXVI e XXXVII), Florence, 14 March 2022.
M. Calcagni, Giampaolo Salice, Il mare degli altri. Colonie di popolamento del Regno di Sardegna (XVIII secolo), Cagliari-Milano-Roma, ISEM - Istituto di Storia dell’Europa Mediterranea, 2023 (Europa e Mediterraneo. Storia e immagini di... more
M. Calcagni, Giampaolo Salice, Il mare degli altri. Colonie di popolamento del Regno di Sardegna (XVIII secolo), Cagliari-Milano-Roma, ISEM - Istituto di Storia dell’Europa Mediterranea, 2023 (Europa e Mediterraneo. Storia e immagini di una comunità internazionale, Volume 44), book review in: ASI, CLXXXII, 2024, 2.
M. Calcagni, Stefan Hanß, Dorothea McEwan (eds.), The Habsburg Mediterranean 1500-1800, Wien, 2021, book review in: ARO, VI, 2023, 1.

https://aro-isig.fbk.eu/issues/2023/1/the-habsburg-mediterranean-1500-1800-matteo-calcagni/
The essays included in this special issue of the Journal of European Economic History originated in a two-day seminar celebrated to mark the inauguration of an on-site exhibition hosted by the Archivio di Stato and the Datini Archive in... more
The essays included in this special issue of the Journal of European Economic History originated in a two-day seminar celebrated to mark the inauguration of an on-site exhibition hosted by the Archivio di Stato and the Datini Archive in Prato, and of a virtual counterpart which is displayed online (https://www.paperinmotion.org/). Both events were organized by the Paper in Motion Work Group, led by Prof. José María Pérez Fernández (U. of Granada) which in its turn is part of the PIMo COST Action, led by Prof. Giovanni Tarantino (U. of Florence). The exhibitions were curated in close collaboration with Chiara Marcheschi (Archivio di Stato, Prato) and Matteo Calcagni (European University Institute, Florence), and a team of international scholars and archivists. These two complementary exhibitions sampled relevant cases of paper-based information and data in the fields of trade and finance. They put together documents which circulated throughout vast networks connecting strategic locations between the North of Europe and the Mediterranean, and eventually acquired a global dimension by reaching outposts in the Americas, Africa, and the Pacific. They display a representative corpus of primary documents that can be used as empirical case studies for a transnational history and a critical approach to the nature, function, and evolution of such paper-based documents. This special issue builds upon these two exhibitions and the seminar by looking further into the methodological and empirical issues raised by the documents. It does so through a series of approaches to documents and case studies that illustrate different aspects of these papers. It includes an examination of the formats, genres, and strategies employed for the circulation of such documents across linguistic, cultural, political, ethnic, and religious communities, and what this entailed for their formal features, their semiotic nature, and their performative functions. These essays intend to provide an interdisciplinary and ground-breaking approach to all these different documents which, taking financial and economic history as its core disciplines, will also include the history of paper, cultural and literary history, translation studies, rhetoric, pragmatics, media studies, and the history of communication. It brings together seasoned scholars and early career researchers. Taken as a whole, the essays in this special issue go well beyond traditional disciplinary boundaries, and will result in a ground-breaking overview of relevant aspects of the economic, social, political, and cultural history of the early modern Mediterranean, including relations among its different linguistic and religious communities and their exchanges with regions such as the North-West of Europe as well as Africa and Asia. They provide, in short, a panoramic view of the global Mediterranean as a landscape which saw the circulation of paper, people, and ideas during a period of momentous changes. Some of the essays also bring to the foreground archives and documents which had not been made public before. This means that the innovative methodological approaches of the special issue are coupled with the examination of primary sources that see the light for the first time, all of which will significantly contribute to the advancement of knowledge in these different disciplines.