... Sliding Mode-Based Force Estimation Mohammad Motamedi, Gholamreza Vossoughi, Mohammad Taghi Ahmadian, Seyed Mehdi Rezaei, Mohammad Zareinejad, and Mozafar Saadat T ... [2] S. Bashash, and N. Jalili, Robust adaptive control of coupled... more
... Sliding Mode-Based Force Estimation Mohammad Motamedi, Gholamreza Vossoughi, Mohammad Taghi Ahmadian, Seyed Mehdi Rezaei, Mohammad Zareinejad, and Mozafar Saadat T ... [2] S. Bashash, and N. Jalili, Robust adaptive control of coupled parallel piezo-flexural ...
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This study was undertaken to assess the demographics, clinical parameters and outcomes of patients undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), by the code blue team at our center to compare with other centers. Data were collected... more
This study was undertaken to assess the demographics, clinical parameters and outcomes of patients undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), by the code blue team at our center to compare with other centers. Data were collected retrospectively from all adult patients who underwent CPR at our hospital from 2007 to 2008. CPR was performed on 290 patients and it was given 313 times. Clinical outcomes of interest were survival at the end of CPR and survival at discharge from the hospital. Factors associated with survival were evaluated via binomial and chi square-tests. Of the 290 patients included, 95 patients (30.4%) had successful CPR. However, only 35 patients (12%) were alive at discharge. The majority requiring CPR were above 60 years of age (61.7%). Males required CPR more than females. There were 125 women (43.1%) and 165 males (56.9%) aged 3 to 78 (average 59.6) years. Majority (179) of the cases (61.7%) were above 60 years of age. Regarding the various wards, 54 cases (17.3%) were in the internal medicine ward, 63 cases (20.1%) in the surgery ward, 1 case (0.3%) in the clinic, 11 cases (3.5%) in the paraclinic, 116 cases (37.1%) in the emergency (ER), 55 cases (17.5%) in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and Coronary Care Unit (CCU), and 13 cases (4.2%) were in other wards. Cardiac massage was done in 133 cases (42.5%), defibrillation only via electroshock 3 cases (1%), and both were used in177 cases (56.5%). The ER had the most cases of CPR. Both cardiac massage and electroshock defibrillation were needed in most cases. In-hospital CPR for cardiopulmonary arrest was associated with 30.4% success at our center at the end of CPR but only 12% were alive at discharge. Duration of CPR >10 minutes was predictive of significantly decreased survival to discharge.
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ABSTRACT ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of human placental lipopolysaccharide (HP-LPS) on activation of macrophages. We isolated and characterized the lipopolysaccharide from human placenta and E.... more
ABSTRACT ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of human placental lipopolysaccharide (HP-LPS) on activation of macrophages. We isolated and characterized the lipopolysaccharide from human placenta and E. coli by Westphal's method. The effects of different concentrations of E. coli and HP-LPS were assayed on mice macrophages and nitric oxide production was measured using Griess's method; data were then analyzed. Results showed that using the Westphal method, HP-LPS could be isolated as well as Gram-negative bacterial LPS. The results indicate that the HP-LPS had ability to stimulate mice macrophages to produce nitric oxide. Detoxified LPS Gram-negative bacteria in concentrations of more than 500 ng/ml showed toxicity. Whereas, HP-LPS at concentration of 1000 ng/ml had a significant effect on nitric oxide production. In addition, the isolated HP-LPS had no pyrogenic effects. The findings of this study suggest that the HP-LPS shows activity similar to Gram-negative bacterial endotoxin which stimulates macrophages to produce nitric oxide. These properties indicate that this substance acts as a detoxified Gram-negative bacterial endotoxin. Because of its human origin, it has no toxic effects and may be a safe adjuvant.
Some of the wavelength-dependent physical phenomena associated with continuous wave (CW) laser ablation are studied. Porcine aortae were irradiated with CW argon and Nd:YAG (λ=1.32 μm) lasers while high-speed video and infrared cameras... more
Some of the wavelength-dependent physical phenomena associated with continuous wave (CW) laser ablation are studied. Porcine aortae were irradiated with CW argon and Nd:YAG (λ=1.32 μm) lasers while high-speed video and infrared cameras were used to observe events occurring during the ablation process. Visual and thermal recordings both contain clear indications of the explosive nature of the process in air for both lasers. The results indicate that specific mechanisms involved in tissue dehydration, ablation onset, and subsequent burning are substantially dependent on the wavelength of the incident irradiation and the distribution of the chief chromophores within the tissue
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Electrostatic part of the free energy plays an important role in the interaction of proteins with charged molecules. In addition, changes in the charge distribution on protein structure due to this interaction cause conformational changes... more
Electrostatic part of the free energy plays an important role in the interaction of proteins with charged molecules. In addition, changes in the charge distribution on protein structure due to this interaction cause conformational changes in protein. Since investigations of these processes are difficult experimentally, the prediction methods using semi-empirical calculations have been extensively considered recently. In the present study,
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More than 40 years has passed since the first successfu0l replantation and thousands of fingers have been salvaged. We present our experience with distal finger replantation during 20 years of surgery. From 1990 to 2010, 420 replantations... more
More than 40 years has passed since the first successfu0l replantation and thousands of fingers have been salvaged. We present our experience with distal finger replantation during 20 years of surgery. From 1990 to 2010, 420 replantations were performed; 64 of 420 cases were distal finger replantations. We discuss the indications, techniques, and outcomes of these difficult cases. The records of 64 patients were reviewed and the demographics, methods of replantation, success rates, and complications were evaluated. Bone shortening was performed and fixation method in this zone was mostly pin fixation. The "Bench Technique" for the amputated part consisted of preparing the artery, vein, and nerve. In zones 1 and 2a, the veins are volar and when incising the skin for dissection, utmost care was taken to save the volar delicate veins and prepare them for outflow. When there was no vein found, dissection was toward finding 2 arteries, 1 for inflow and 1 for outflow. Medicinal leeches were used during the first 10 years. Chemical leeching was used thereafter. Our patients were mostly young male workers and from the industrial sector. Our success rate of 87% was similar to the current literature. The overall complication rate from minor wound infection was 35% and total finger loss was 13%. Medicinal leeches had minimal satisfactory results. Chemical leeching was more effective. Our 20-year experience with distal finger replantation showed a success rate of 87%. On account of cultural beliefs amputation is not tolerated well in Eastern cultures. Thus, a high rate of single finger replantations is seen. The success rate is similar to that of the literature and cosmetic results are far superior to replantation in other zones.
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Providing health services is described as an important moral measure, since its major aim is to ensure the welfare of the people who need treatment and care. Moral sensitivity is the ability to identify the existing moral problem and... more
Providing health services is described as an important moral measure, since its major aim is to ensure the welfare of the people who need treatment and care. Moral sensitivity is the ability to identify the existing moral problem and understand the moral consequences of the decisions made on the patient's part. Physicians are always exposed to moral distress due to various circumstances. In this survey, we evaluated moral sensitivity and moral distress among physicians and the relationship of these ethical factors on them. Hence, we assessed y relationship between moral sensitivity and moral distress in physicians will facilitate their sound management so as to provide high-quality and safe health services. Moreover it will confirm proposed theories regarding this subject. This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study aimed at investigating the relationship between moral sensitivity and moral distress among 321 specialist physicians working in hospitals affiliated to Tehran Medical Universities in Tehran. The samples were selected through two-stage random cluster sampling method. A three-partite questionnaire comprising of demographic characteristics, moral distress, and moral sensitivity was used for collecting data which then were analyzed using SPSS-20. There was a negative significant relationship between moral sensitivity and moral distress frequency; there was a positive significant relationship between moral sensitivity and moral distress intensity. Participating in medical ethics courses increased moral sensitivity and decreased the frequency of moral distress. Participating in medical ethics courses increased moral sensitivity and decreased the frequency of moral distress.
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Research Interests: Engineering, Technology, Modeling, Adaptive Control, Robust control, and 14 moreTeleoperation, Hysteresis, Physical sciences, Sliding mode control, Lyapunov function, Piezoelectricity, Sliding Mode, Precision, Manipulator, Piezoelectric Actuator, Unknown Input Observer, Sliding Mode Controller, Precision Engineering, and Control Architecture
Abstract: Piezoelectric actuators are widely used in microma-nipulation tasks such as atomic force microscopy and cell manipu-lation. However, the hysteresis nonlinearity and the creep reduce their fidelity and cause difficulties in the... more
Abstract: Piezoelectric actuators are widely used in microma-nipulation tasks such as atomic force microscopy and cell manipu-lation. However, the hysteresis nonlinearity and the creep reduce their fidelity and cause difficulties in the micromanipulation con-trol procedure. ...
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This study was undertaken to assess the demographics, clinical parameters and outcomes of patients undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), by the code blue team at our center to compare with other centers. Data were collected... more
This study was undertaken to assess the demographics, clinical parameters and outcomes of patients undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), by the code blue team at our center to compare with other centers. Data were collected retrospectively from all adult patients who underwent CPR at our hospital from 2007 to 2008. CPR was performed on 290 patients and it was given 313 times. Clinical outcomes of interest were survival at the end of CPR and survival at discharge from the hospital. Factors associated with survival were evaluated via binomial and chi square-tests. Of the 290 patients included, 95 patients (30.4%) had successful CPR. However, only 35 patients (12%) were alive at discharge. The majority requiring CPR were above 60 years of age (61.7%). Males required CPR more than females. There were 125 women (43.1%) and 165 males (56.9%) aged 3 to 78 (average 59.6) years. Majority (179) of the cases (61.7%) were above 60 years of age. Regarding the various wards, 54 cases (17.3%) were in the internal medicine ward, 63 cases (20.1%) in the surgery ward, 1 case (0.3%) in the clinic, 11 cases (3.5%) in the paraclinic, 116 cases (37.1%) in the emergency (ER), 55 cases (17.5%) in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and Coronary Care Unit (CCU), and 13 cases (4.2%) were in other wards. Cardiac massage was done in 133 cases (42.5%), defibrillation only via electroshock 3 cases (1%), and both were used in177 cases (56.5%). The ER had the most cases of CPR. Both cardiac massage and electroshock defibrillation were needed in most cases. In-hospital CPR for cardiopulmonary arrest was associated with 30.4% success at our center at the end of CPR but only 12% were alive at discharge. Duration of CPR >10 minutes was predictive of significantly decreased survival to discharge.
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Research Interests: Dentistry, Adolescent, Humans, Technique, Orthodontic Brackets, and 4 moreDental Disease, Time Factors, Tooth, and Molar
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The forehead is acknowledged to be one of the best, if not the best, donor sites for reconstruction of postoperative nasal defects after ablation in cancer patients. The versatility, color match, and texture are among the benefits of this... more
The forehead is acknowledged to be one of the best, if not the best, donor sites for reconstruction of postoperative nasal defects after ablation in cancer patients. The versatility, color match, and texture are among the benefits of this flap. However, it has 2 major disadvantages: 1) it is stiff, flat, and thicker than normal nasal skin, and thus molding from a 2-dimensional to a 3-dimensional shape is difficult, and 2) there is a donor-site defect that requires coverage using a split-thickness skin graft. In this 5-year study (2004-2009), we modified the 2-stage technique and added an operation before tissue transfer and pedicle division in 48 patients with nasal defects. During the first stage, the tumor was completely excised, and a tissue expander was inserted in the subgaleal plane. After 3 weeks, expansion was initiated. The second operation was performed 12 weeks later. A full-thickness forehead flap was elevated and transposed with primary closure of the donor site. In a third or final stage 3 weeks later, the pedicle was divided. Patient satisfaction and donor site scar was evaluated. Over the past 5 years, 48 reconstructions for nasal defects were performed using this technique. Nasal defects of the dorsum, alar, tip, columella, and septum were successfully treated. Graft take was successful in all patients. The forehead flap technique, in conjunction with tissue expander for nasal repair, has both advantages and disadvantages. The esthetic benefits of this technique must be weighed against the disadvantages.
Research Interests: Dentistry, Treatment Outcome, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Esthetics, Humans, and 15 moreCartilage, Female, Male, Patient Satisfaction, Forehead, Oral, Aged, Middle Aged, Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC), Adult, Retrospective Studies, Basal cell carcinoma, Nose, Tissue Expansion, and Nose Neoplasms
Research Interests: Dentistry, Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Adolescent, Humans, and 15 moreChild, Cartilage, Female, Male, Malocclusion, Ct Scan, Longitudinal Studies, Clinical Study, Facial Asymmetry, Dental Models, Ankylosis, Magnetic resonance image, Bone Transplantation, Child preschool, and Bone scan
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We report our 11-year experience with a new technique to prefabricate the osteocutaneous free fibula flap to reconstruct defects of the maxilla and mandible not amenable to conventional methods of treatment. We treated 11 patients aged 17... more
We report our 11-year experience with a new technique to prefabricate the osteocutaneous free fibula flap to reconstruct defects of the maxilla and mandible not amenable to conventional methods of treatment. We treated 11 patients aged 17 to 47 years with jaw defects using prefabricated free fibula grafts from 1994 to 2005. We prepared the fibula on the leg with a 6- to 8-mm muscle cuff; next we transferred the bone flap to the surface of the leg without severing the pedicle, and then covered the muscle almost circumferentially by partial thickness skin graft. The bone flap was left in place with its pedicle intact for 2 to 3 months, after which the skin graft had taken and the flap was free of inflammation. The fibula flap was then transferred to the face, fixed in place with plates, and microvascular anastomosis was performed. Implant placement was completed 4 to 6 months after transfer of the flap to the oral cavity. Graft take was unremarkable in all cases. There were no cases of infection and only minor complications. Edema of the flap may be encountered, which subsides with time. If the mandible is not edentulous the mandibular teeth may bite into the flap, but these wounds heal by the time the patient is ready for implant insertion (3 to 6 months). Implants placed in the fibula were successful during the follow-up period (2 to 13 years). The prefabricated fibula with a "banking time" on the leg for flap maturation seems to be a better choice compared with other methods of using the fibula for reconstruction and has passed the test of time. We hereby report this new technique to add to the armamentarium of jaw reconstruction surgery.
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Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Volume 61, Issue 8, Pages 957-963, August 2003, Authors:Mohammad Hosein Kalantar Motamedi, DDS;Seyyed Mohammad Homauni, MD; Hossein Behnia, DMD. ...
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Research Interests: Dentistry, Treatment Outcome, Esthetics, Case Report, Humans, and 15 moreMale, LIP, Length of Stay, Clinical Sciences, Middle Aged, Patient Care Team, Gunshot wounds, Graft Rejection, Durapatite, Chin, Complete Denture Research, Facial Injuries, Bone Transplantation, Reoperation, and Surgical wound infection
This article presents our experience with regional flaps in the treatment of facial soft-tissue defects and deformities in 33 patients with various facial injuries from warfare during the period from 1986 to 1999. Thirty-two males and 1... more
This article presents our experience with regional flaps in the treatment of facial soft-tissue defects and deformities in 33 patients with various facial injuries from warfare during the period from 1986 to 1999. Thirty-two males and 1 female aged between 8 and 53 years (mean 24.18 years) were treated with facial soft-tissue injuries from high velocity projectiles and varying degrees of associated hard-tissue injuries. Bullets were the most common cause (70%), followed by injuries from shrapnel (21%), land mines (6%), and breech blocks (3%). The perioral region was involved in 15 cases (45%), the midface and cheeks were involved in 13 cases (39%), and the periorbital area was involved in 5 cases (15%). All soft-tissue injuries were treated primarily by debridement and primary closure and by combining, modifying, and tailoring standard regional flap techniques to fit the location of the injury and compensate for the extent of tissue loss. These procedures consisted basically of local-advancement or rotation-advancement flaps, used in conjunction with pedicled fat or subcutaneous supporting flaps, nasolabial, cheek, cervical, Dieffenbach, and Abbe-type flaps. Scar revision, tissue repositioning, and lengthening procedures, such as W, V-Y, Z, or multiple Z-plasty techniques were also used both primarily and secondarily. Revisions and secondary operations were done in 48% of the patients. Initial healing of the flaps was favourable in 76% of the patients. Postoperative discharge from the suture sites was seen in 24% of the patients, but this usually resolved within several weeks using daily irrigation, and these cases underwent scar revision subsequently. None of the soft-tissue flaps sloughed or developed necrosis. Form and function of the soft-tissue reconstructed regions usually recovered within one year postoperatively. The aesthetic results obtained were favourable. None required facial nerve grafting as only the terminal branches were injured in our cases and functional recovery was acceptable. Application of local tissue transfer procedures in our series of facial warfare injuries yielded acceptable tissue form, texture, and colour match, especially when these procedures were used in combination, and tailored to surgically fit the individual case. Moreover, application of these procedures is relatively easy and postoperative morbidity is limited, provided the general condition of the patient is stable, and the surgical techniques used have good indications and flap principles.
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We aimed to assess the prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in chemical warfare victims. We speculated that peripheral neuropathy is a late complication of exposure to chemical warfare agents. Late complications of exposure to chemical... more
We aimed to assess the prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in chemical warfare victims. We speculated that peripheral neuropathy is a late complication of exposure to chemical warfare agents. Late complications of exposure to chemical warfare agents are not well known and are poorly discussed in the existing literature. Scientific data regarding delayed complications are sparse, but this warrants recognition, especially when the clinician has to treat chemical warfare victims. The hazards of organophosphate pesticides and several toxins, although recognized to some extent, are, however, different from the hazards of chemical warfare agents which are far more serious. In this study, 100 chemical warfare patients, with varying degrees of exposure and an average age of 37.2+/-9.0 years, were examined clinically and studied electrodiagnostically from January 2002 to January 2003. Five of these patients proved to be suffering from axonal neuropathy. This rate was significantly higher than that found in the normal population. Our data indicate that chemical warfare agents may cause peripheral neuropathy in chemical warfare victims. In conclusion, organophosphorous agents used against Iranian troops during the war on Iran correlate with delayed neuropathy in these victims.
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RNAi-mediated heterochromatin assembly in fission yeast requires the RNA-induced transcriptional silencing (RITS) complex and a putative RNA-directed RNA polymerase (Rdp1). Here we show that Rdp1 is associated with two conserved proteins,... more
RNAi-mediated heterochromatin assembly in fission yeast requires the RNA-induced transcriptional silencing (RITS) complex and a putative RNA-directed RNA polymerase (Rdp1). Here we show that Rdp1 is associated with two conserved proteins, Hrr1, an RNA helicase, and Cid12, a member of the polyA polymerase family, in a complex that has RNA-directed RNA polymerase activity (RDRC, RNA-directed RNA polymerase complex). RDRC physically interacts with RITS in a manner that requires the Dicer ribonuclease (Dcr1) and the Clr4 histone methyltransferase. Moreover, both complexes are localized to the nucleus and associate with noncoding centromeric RNAs in a Dcr1-dependent manner. In cells lacking Rdp1, Hrr1, or Cid12, RITS complexes are devoid of siRNAs and fail to localize to centromeric DNA repeats to initiate heterochromatin assembly. These findings reveal a physical and functional link between Rdp1 and RITS and suggest that noncoding RNAs provide a platform for siRNA-dependent localization of RNAi complexes to specific chromosome regions.
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Severe coronary artery disease often coexists with peripheral vascular atherosclerosis. The assessment of the supra-aortic circulation is, therefore, of clinical relevance. We herein describe a case of coronary artery disease treated with... more
Severe coronary artery disease often coexists with peripheral vascular atherosclerosis. The assessment of the supra-aortic circulation is, therefore, of clinical relevance. We herein describe a case of coronary artery disease treated with surgical revascularization using the internal ...
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Major complications after maxillary orthognathic surgery are fortunately uncommon when executed properly. However, segmental necrosis has been reported. When this occurs, comprehensive reconstruction of the maxilla becomes difficult... more
Major complications after maxillary orthognathic surgery are fortunately uncommon when executed properly. However, segmental necrosis has been reported. When this occurs, comprehensive reconstruction of the maxilla becomes difficult because both hard and soft tissues are lost. Use of a free flap such as the fibula for this purpose is difficult because it is bulky. We report a 40-year-old woman who presented with a defect of the anterior maxilla that occurred after necrosis of the premaxilla, which we treated with a modified prefabricated osteocutaneous free fibula flap and dental implants with long-term follow-up. The modified prefabricated free fibula flap is suitable for maxillary reconstruction.
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Research Interests: Dentistry, Surgery, Biomechanics, Finite element method, Finite Element Analysis, and 15 moreHumans, Computer Simulation, Mandible, Oral, Fixation, Stress distribution, Stress Distribution, Materials Testing, Equipment Design, Biomechanical Phenomena, Bone Plates, Bone screws, screw, Osteotomy, and Molar
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To compare the results and outcomes of the laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) with the small incision cholecystectomy (SIC). Observational study. Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from February 2008 to March 2009. Patients with... more
To compare the results and outcomes of the laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) with the small incision cholecystectomy (SIC). Observational study. Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from February 2008 to March 2009. Patients with symptomatic gallstones that were referred and enrolled in the study for LC or SIC. Operation, anaesthesia, analgesics and postoperative care were standardized. The patients were assessed for operation time, postoperative pain, nausea, vomiting, hospital stay, return to work time and complications in the postoperative period on day 1, 1 week, 1 month and 6 months, postoperatively. Of 144 patients, 81 underwent LC and 63 underwent SIC. Both groups were matched for age, gender, BMI, clinical findings and ASA grading. The mean duration of operation was 74 and 62 minutes in the LC and SIC groups, respectively (p = 0.0059). Duration of hospital stay and return to regular activities were shorter after LC compared to SIC. Pain scores, nausea and vomiting were the s...
Research Interests: Treatment Outcome, Iran, Humans, Female, Male, and 15 moreAnesthesia, Follow-up studies, Length of Stay, Postoperative pain, Aged, Middle Aged, Adult, Time Factors, Return to Work, Cholecystectomy, Pain Measurement, Analgesics, Gallstones, Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, and Postoperative Complications
Sex reassignment surgery is accepted in properly planned cases to change facial appearance in accordance with a new gender. Although changing the hairdo or makeup, and depilation, give satisfying cosmetic results in many patients, hard... more
Sex reassignment surgery is accepted in properly planned cases to change facial appearance in accordance with a new gender. Although changing the hairdo or makeup, and depilation, give satisfying cosmetic results in many patients, hard and soft tissue facial surgeries are needed in most cases. Unfortunately, few studies on facial corrections have been published and feminizing a male face is still considered an arbitrary undertaking. We present a useful surgical protocol to feminize the male face. Ten male-to-female transsexuals aged 20 to 32 years (average 23 years) were referred after gender reassigning for facial feminization (1990-2007). Clinical examination of the patients revealed variable degrees of common masculine features such as long square faces, broad chins, excessive projection, frontal bossing, prominent flaring gonial angles, high hairlines, and low-set eyebrows. After complete clinical assessment and paraclinical workup including cephalometry, the patients were admit...
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Trigeminal neuralgia is a painful neurological disorder often mistaken for pain of dental origin by the patient and dentist. Dentists should be acquainted with TN to differentiate it from orofacial pain and prevent unnecessary tooth... more
Trigeminal neuralgia is a painful neurological disorder often mistaken for pain of dental origin by the patient and dentist. Dentists should be acquainted with TN to differentiate it from orofacial pain and prevent unnecessary tooth extraction. TN pain-alleviating modalities are numerous, yet not uniformly effective. Radiofrequency, known for 25 years, is a minimally invasive outpatient procedure used for TN when drugs are ineffective. The authors evaluate RF in TN patients referred from the dental office.
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This multicenter study assessed the demographics, prevalence, causes, types, treatment, and complications of maxillofacial (MF) fractures managed by MF surgeons nationwide. This 5-year retrospective descriptive analytical chart study... more
This multicenter study assessed the demographics, prevalence, causes, types, treatment, and complications of maxillofacial (MF) fractures managed by MF surgeons nationwide. This 5-year retrospective descriptive analytical chart study evaluated 8,818 patients treated for MF fractures from 2007 to 2012 at 11 medical centers. Parameters, including age, sex, cause of injury, site of injury, type of injury, fracture patterns, treatment modalities, and complications, were evaluated from patient charts and radiographs. Collected data were analyzed via t test or χ test using SPSS 20 (Chicago, IL). A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. This retrospective chart study was exempt from institutional review board approval. There were 7,369 male patients (83.6%), 1,376 female patients (15.7%), and 73 patients (0.8%) of unknown sex (aged 6 months to 112 years); 39.54% (3,457 patients) were in the 21-year to 30-year age group (mean, 28.18 years). We found 5,737 mandib...
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In Iranian traditional medicine Anbarnesa (derived from smoke from burning female donkey's stool) has been used to treat ulcers and inflammatory conditions... more
In Iranian traditional medicine Anbarnesa (derived from smoke from burning female donkey's stool) has been used to treat ulcers and inflammatory conditions like stomatitis and ear infections (otitis). We assess the properties of Anbarnesa as an alternative mouthwash. In this experimental study, Anbarnesa smoke was analyzed using aGC-mass device. The smoke collected was dissolved at different densities in propylene glycol and incubated in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium in direct contact with fibroblast cells. Assessment of cytotoxicity was done at 1, 24 and 72 h. Cell viability was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium test, and ELISA Reader machine was used to read the results. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test. The findings of this study showed Anbarnesa was nontoxic in 1/64, 1/128 and 1/256 dilutions. In 1/32 dilution, toxicity was seen after 72 h. In dilutions, 1/8 and 1/16 toxicity were seen in the 1(st) h. According to the initial results of Anbarnesa may be used as an alternative mouthwash with fewer side-effects for plaque control and prevention of periodontal disease.
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Retrospective studies on the types and causes of facial burns are important because the patterns might vary in different societies. Our aim was to assess the burn-related factors of significance that might be useful in healthcare planning... more
Retrospective studies on the types and causes of facial burns are important because the patterns might vary in different societies. Our aim was to assess the burn-related factors of significance that might be useful in healthcare planning and implementing preventive strategies, adding to the body of current data on the subject. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the data from a major burns referral center during a 5-year period (2009 to 2013). The data relevant to age, gender, cause, source, location, burn degree, extent (body surface area [BSA]) of the burns, and mortality were gathered from comprehensive patient medical records, recorded, and analyzed using SPSS, version 20, software (SPSS, Chicago, IL). Within the study period, we found 808 documented cases of second- and third-degree facial burns. These burns were more common in men (81.9%) and in the 16- to 35-year age group (42.3%). The mean hospitalization was 9.85 ± 8.94 days. In 443 patients (54.83%), 10 to 19% of their BSA was burned, and 3.06% had associated inhalation burns. The most common burn was scalding (19%), and the deadliest was burns from acid, with a mortality rate of 7.4%. Accidents accounted for 776 burns (96.03%). Other causes were attempted homicide (16 cases, 1.98%) and suicide attempts (16 cases, 1.98%). The overall mortality was 1.6%. The key findings were that second- and third-degree facial burns were more common in males aged 16 to 35 years with burns covering 10 to 19% of the BSA. Accidental scalding was commonly responsible for the second-degree burns, and electrical accidents were commonly responsible for third-degree facial burns. Burn accidents occurred more often at the patient's home.