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  • I am a professor of Computer Science at The University of Oklahoma. I teach courses in Data Networks and Computer Arc... moreedit
Network Mobility (NEMO) has been proposed to efficiently manage the mobility of the group of hosts that are moving together as a mobile network. NEMO Basic Support Protocol (BSP) suffers from the problem of inefficient route. A number of... more
Network Mobility (NEMO) has been proposed to efficiently manage the mobility of the group of hosts that are moving together as a mobile network. NEMO Basic Support Protocol (BSP) suffers from the problem of inefficient route. A number of route optimization schemes have been proposed in the literature to solve the problem. The schemes are mainly based on four approaches – Delegationbased, Hierarchical, Source routing and BGP-assisted. The approaches have been evaluated in the literature in terms of various performance metrics. The selection of a route optimization approach for NEMO in terrestrial networks is straight forward from the evaluations that implicitly assume NEMO in such networks. However, the selection of a route optimization approach requires additional evaluations for NEMO architecture that has been proposed for satellite networks to manage the mobility of Internet Protocol-enabled devices onboard satellites. The requirement for the additional evaluations results from th...
Mobile IP, a IETF standard to handle mobility of Internet hosts has some existing problems like high handover latency, packet loss, inefficient routing etc. To overcome these problems, we designed alternative novel approach called... more
Mobile IP, a IETF standard to handle mobility of Internet hosts has some existing problems like high handover latency, packet loss, inefficient routing etc. To overcome these problems, we designed alternative novel approach called Seamless IP diversity based Generalized Mobility Architecture (SIGMA), which utilizes multihoming and uses a transport layer protocol, Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP). In our previous work, we have achieved a low latency handoff when MN moves between adjacent wireless network. Our ...
Abstract—In our earlier study, we proposed SIGMA, a Seamless IP diversity based Generalized Mobility Architecture. SIGMA utilizes multihoming to achieve a seamless handover of a mobile host, and is designed to solve many of the drawbacks... more
Abstract—In our earlier study, we proposed SIGMA, a Seamless IP diversity based Generalized Mobility Architecture. SIGMA utilizes multihoming to achieve a seamless handover of a mobile host, and is designed to solve many of the drawbacks of Mobile IP. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of Layer 2 connection setup on the performance of SIGMA. Various aspects of Layer 2 connection setup are considered such as Layer 2 setup latency, layer 2 beacon period, and mobile host moving speed. Criteria for performance ...
Abstract—Future Low Earth Orbiting spacecrafts will contain several IP-enabled devices that are accessible by users through ground stations. As the spacecraft moves around the Earth, mobility solution, such as Mobile IPv6 can be used to... more
Abstract—Future Low Earth Orbiting spacecrafts will contain several IP-enabled devices that are accessible by users through ground stations. As the spacecraft moves around the Earth, mobility solution, such as Mobile IPv6 can be used to handle the mobility of the devices when satellites handover between ground stations. However, if the devices are connected to an on-board Local Area Network, the mobility management of the devices can be handled in an aggregated fashion using Network Mobility from the Internet Engineering Task Force. ...
Mobile IP to handle mobility of Internet hosts at the network layer. Mobile IP, however, suffers from a number of drawbacks such as high handover latency, packet loss, and conflict with network security solutions. In this paper, we... more
Mobile IP to handle mobility of Internet hosts at the network layer. Mobile IP, however, suffers from a number of drawbacks such as high handover latency, packet loss, and conflict with network security solutions. In this paper, we describe TraSH, a new Transport Layer Seamless Handover solution to mobility. TraSH utilizes multi-homing to achieve a seamless handover of a mobile host, and is designed to solve many of the drawbacks of Mobile IP. Various aspects, such as handover, signalling, location management, data transfer, and ...
Abstract—The Internet Engineering Task Force has developed Mobile IP to handle mobility of Internet hosts at the network layer. Spacecrafts in space are analogous to mobile nodes in the terrestrial network. NASA has been experimenting... more
Abstract—The Internet Engineering Task Force has developed Mobile IP to handle mobility of Internet hosts at the network layer. Spacecrafts in space are analogous to mobile nodes in the terrestrial network. NASA has been experimenting with Mobile IP to handle handoffs in space networks. Mobile IP, however, suffers from a number of drawbacks such as high handoff latency, packet loss, and interoperability issues with network security solutions. In this paper, we describe TraSH-SN, a new Transport Layer Seamless Handover scheme ...
Abstract—NASA has been interested in having Internet connectivity in space for quite some time. This would allow scientists with direct Internet access to data and devices on the satellites. The rotation of Low Earth Orbiting (LEO)... more
Abstract—NASA has been interested in having Internet connectivity in space for quite some time. This would allow scientists with direct Internet access to data and devices on the satellites. The rotation of Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellites around the Earth result in handover of satellites between ground stations. Two types of handover can be observed in space: Link layer and Network layer. Researchers at The University of Oklahoma and NASA Glenn Research Center have been developing a Seamless IP diversity-based ...
Clustering is an important concept in vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) where several vehicles join to form a group based on common features. Mobility-based clustering strategies are the most common in VANET clustering; however, machine... more
Clustering is an important concept in vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) where several vehicles join to form a group based on common features. Mobility-based clustering strategies are the most common in VANET clustering; however, machine learning and fuzzy logic algorithms are also the basis of many VANET clustering algorithms. Some VANET clustering algorithms integrate machine learning and fuzzy logic algorithms to make the cluster more stable and efficient. Network mobility (NEMO) and multi-hop-based strategies are also used for VANET clustering. Mobility and some other clustering strategies are presented in the existing literature reviews; however, extensive study of intelligence-based, mobility-based, and multi-hop-based strategies still missing in the VANET clustering reviews. In this paper, we presented a classification of intelligence-based clustering algorithms, mobility-based algorithms, and multi-hop-based algorithms with an analysis on the mobility metrics, evaluation crite...
Performance evaluation of multiple-bus multiprocessor systems is usually carried out under the assumption of uniform memory reference model. Hot spots arising in multiprocessor systems due to the use of shared variable, synchronization... more
Performance evaluation of multiple-bus multiprocessor systems is usually carried out under the assumption of uniform memory reference model. Hot spots arising in multiprocessor systems due to the use of shared variable, synchronization primitives etc., give rise to non-uniform memory reference patterns. The objective of this paper is to study the performance of multiple bus multiprocessor system in the presence of
Hot spot in multistage interconnection networks (MSIN) results in performance degradation of the network. This paper develops an analytical model for the performance evaluation of unbu ered MSINs under a single hot spot, followed by a... more
Hot spot in multistage interconnection networks (MSIN) results in performance degradation of the network. This paper develops an analytical model for the performance evaluation of unbu ered MSINs under a single hot spot, followed by a performance comparison with bu ered MSINs. A hybrid network is proposed for optimum performance.
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Continued progress in both civil and military avionics applications is overstressing the capabilities of existing radio-frequency (RF) communication networks based on coaxial cables on board modern aircrafts. Future avionics systems will... more
Continued progress in both civil and military avionics applications is overstressing the capabilities of existing radio-frequency (RF) communication networks based on coaxial cables on board modern aircrafts. Future avionics systems will require high-bandwidth on-board communication links that are lightweight, immune to electromagnetic interference, and highly reliable. Fiber optic communication technology can meet all these challenges in a cost-effective manner. Recently, digital fiber-optic ...
ATM has been proposed as the technique that will support B-ISDN services of the future. Thus the high-speed fabrics that switch the fixed-size ATM cells at switching nodes in the network, need to have efficient buffer management schemes... more
ATM has been proposed as the technique that will support B-ISDN services of the future. Thus the high-speed fabrics that switch the fixed-size ATM cells at switching nodes in the network, need to have efficient buffer management schemes to control size and therefore cost of ...
A recent trend in Internet usage has seen large amounts of multimedia data due to increasingly large numbers of mobile users. To facilitate higher bandwidth, modern mobile routers are capable of supporting simultaneous multi-band,... more
A recent trend in Internet usage has seen large amounts of multimedia data due to increasingly large numbers of mobile users. To facilitate higher bandwidth, modern mobile routers are capable of supporting simultaneous multi-band, leading to
less interference, higher capacity and better reliability. However, there exists neither previous work that attempts to maximize utilization of available bandwidth in order
to increase performance of multi-band mobile routers through the sharing of traffic classes among different frequency bands of the multi-band mobile router by scheduling, nor that shows multi-band routers are better than single band routers in realistic scenarios. In this paper, we have proposed a novel scheduling algorithm for multi-band mobile routers which transmits different classes of traffic through different frequency bands to achieve improved performance. We have developed an analytical model to perform queuing analysis of the proposed scheduling algorithm for multi-band mobile routers and derived various performance metrics, validated by extensive simulations. Our results show that the proposed scheduling model can improve performance by ensuring maximum possible utilization through sharing of capacities
among the bands in multi-band systems. We show our results by comparing proposed multi-band scheduling model with single and current multi-band scheduling models. In addition, we compare single and multi-band mobile routers. It is evident from our results that multi-band systems are not always better than single band systems although multi-band systems are expected to have better performance. Based on the
results, we have listed recommendations for selecting single or multi-band systems and allocation policies according to traffic conditions, and their priorities. Our proposed scheduling algorithms and related analysis will help network engineers build next generation mobile routers with higher throughput and utilization, ensuring less packet loss of different classes of traffic.
Research Interests:
An increasing number of internet connected devices access large multimedia files over the Internet. Therefore, the bandwidth demand is exponentially increasing. To satisfy users’ demands, multi-band wireless routers, which simultaneously... more
An increasing number of internet connected devices access large multimedia files over the Internet. Therefore, the
bandwidth demand is exponentially increasing. To satisfy users’
demands, multi-band wireless routers, which simultaneously
support several bands, are developed. However, current multi-band routers do not attempt to maximize the utilization of
frequency bands nor consider the energy consumption. There
are a limited number of previous works on multi-band wireless
routers and those works do not address the energy efficiency
and utilization problems of multi-band routers. Therefore, we
have proposed an energy aware scheduling algorithm to ensure
maximize utilization of multi-band routers while decreasing
energy consumption through band sharing. Results show that the proposed method uses system resources efficiently and decreases energy consumption of the multi-band systems up to 60%. Our proposed scheduling algorithm and related analysis will help network engineers build next generation wireless routers by considering performance metrics such as throughput and energy usage of multi-band Wi-Fi routers.
Research Interests:
Simplicity of usage, flexibility of data access, ease of maintenance, time and energy efficiency, and pay as you go policy have increased the usage of cloud computing over traditional computing. Cloud computing should be able to meet the... more
Simplicity of usage, flexibility of data access, ease of
maintenance, time and energy efficiency, and pay as you go policy have increased the usage of cloud computing over traditional computing. Cloud computing should be able to meet the performance expectations of different classes of customers. However, inefficient scheduling algorithms decrease the quality of service experienced by users. To improve quality of service, several scheduling algorithms have been proposed in the literature. However, these scheduling algorithms do not consider heterogeneous servers or different priority classes of customers. Our objective is to satisfy performance expectations of customers by proposing a Heterogeneous Dynamic Dedicated Server Scheduling (h-DDSS) while considering heterogeneous servers and different priority classes of customers. Results show that h-DDSS architecture can provide improved customer throughput and drop rate over homogeneous DDSS in cloud computing. Our proposed scheduling algorithm and related analysis will help cloud service providers build efficient cloud service architectures which are adaptable to homogeneous and heterogeneous environments by considering different types of priority class performances, such as, drop rate, throughput, and utilization.
Research Interests:
Large multimedia files are accessed by a high number of mobile users over the Internet. Therefore, the bandwidth demand for mobile Internet access is increasing exponentially. To answer users’ demand, carrier aggregation is proposed in... more
Large multimedia files are accessed by a high number of mobile users over the Internet. Therefore, the bandwidth demand for mobile Internet access is increasing exponentially. To answer users’ demand, carrier aggregation is proposed in LTE-A. In carrier aggregation, the best available one or more
component carriers of each band are assigned as primary
and secondary component carriers to each user for efficient
services. The previous works have significantly improved the
performance of LTE-A by using efficient component carrier
assignment methods. The previous works, however, have two
limitations. First, they have not investigated which of joint
or partial secondary component carrier assignment techniques
shows better performance. Second, overall system performance is analyzed in order to evaluate methods by ignoring system
behavior such as packet drops and delay metrics during carrier
reassignment operations. Therefore, in this paper, firstly, packet drops and delay which are experienced by users during the carrier reassignment process are investigated. Secondly, joint
and partial secondary component carrier assignment techniques are compared. Results show that the partial carrier assignment technique increases efficiency of resource usage, throughput rate up to 15% and decreases average delay time up to 12%.
Research Interests:
The number of mobile users is rapidly increasing. Therefore, the bandwidth demand of mobile users significantly growing. To answer users’ demand, Carrier Aggregation is proposed in LTE systems. In Carrier Aggregation, communication... more
The number of mobile users is rapidly increasing. Therefore, the bandwidth demand of mobile users significantly growing. To answer users’ demand, Carrier Aggregation is proposed in LTE systems. In Carrier Aggregation, communication between users and base stations are achieved by multi bands which have different coverage areas and mobile users can simultaneously connect one or multi carrier components in
each band. Because of mobility of users and quality of carriers,
the best available Carrier Components of each band should
be assigned to each user in order to provide desired service
to users. Several works have been proposed in the literature
to address Carrier Components assignment methods in LTE
systems by using Channel Quality Indicator, quality of service
and service types. Although the previous works on carrier
assignment methods significantly increase the performance of
LTE system, continuously increasing bandwidth demand of users forces the operators to manage resource allocation more intelligently. Therefore, we have proposed a novel Carrier Component assignment method which considers user profiles and channel quality indicator to increase quality of services and experiences getting by mobile users. Results show that the proposed method uses system resources efficiently and can improve performance of LTE systems. Our method will help service providers build efficient carrier components assignment methods through considering user profile and performance metrics, such as band usage, throughput and delay.
Research Interests:
Internet usage over mobile devices is on the rise. The bandwidth demand for mobile Internet access is also increasing with the number of mobile users. To answer users’ demand, carrier aggregation is proposed in LTE-A system. In carrier... more
Internet usage over mobile devices is on the rise. The bandwidth demand for mobile Internet access is also increasing
with the number of mobile users. To answer users’ demand,
carrier aggregation is proposed in LTE-A system. In carrier
aggregation, the best available one or more component carriers of each band are assigned to each user to provide efficient services. Several works have been reported in the literature on mandatory and periodic component carrier assignment methods. Although the previous works, especially periodic component carrier assignment methods, have significantly improved performance of LTE and LTE-A systems, many limitations still exist. One limitation of previous works is that data transfer is interrupted during periodic component carrier assignment operation which can decrease performance of the system. Therefore, in this paper, selective periodic component carrier assignment technique which allows continues data transfer during periodic carrier assignment operations is proposed. Results show that the proposed technique
increases throughput rate up to 25% and decreases average delay time up to 35%.
Research Interests:
To facilitate higher bandwidth for multimedia traffic, modern routers support simultaneous multi-band communication, leading to less interference, higher capacity and better reliability. However, there is lack of quantitative evaluation... more
To facilitate higher bandwidth for multimedia traffic, modern routers support simultaneous multi-band communication, leading to less interference, higher capacity and better reliability. However, there is lack of quantitative evaluation to
judge whether multi-band is better than single band router
in realistic scenarios. Our objective is to propose a scheduling
algorithm for multi-band routers and compare single band and
multi-band system with different allocation policies. We have used
different scheduling algorithms for multi-band routers which
transmit different classes of traffic through different frequency
bands, thereby achieving improved performance. By comparing
multi-band and single band mobile router performances, we have found out that one of them is not always better than the other although multi-band is expected to have better performance.
Research Interests:
Recent trends in Internet usage have seen large amount of multimedia data due to increasingly large number of mobile users. To facilitate higher bandwidth, modern mobile routers are capable of supporting simultaneous multi-band, leading... more
Recent trends in Internet usage have seen large amount of multimedia data due to increasingly large number of mobile users. To facilitate higher bandwidth, modern mobile
routers are capable of supporting simultaneous multi-band,
leading to less interference, higher capacity. However, there exists no previous work that attempts to maximize utilization through sharing of traffic among different frequency bands. In this paper, we have proposed a novel scheduling algorithm for multi-band mobile routers which transmits different classes of traffic through
different frequency bands to achieve improved performance.
We have developed an analytical model to perform queuing
analysis of the proposed multi-band system and derived various performance metrics, validated by extensive simulations. Our results show that the proposed architecture can ensure maximum possible utilization through sharing of capacities among the bands. Our proposed scheduling algorithm and related analytical model can help network engineers build next generation mobile routers with higher throughput and utilization ensuring least packet loss for different classes of traffic.
Research Interests:
Increasing number of mobile users accesses large multimedia files (such as high definition audio, video, images, etc.) over the Internet. Therefore, the bandwidth demand for mobile Internet access is getting exponentially larger. To... more
Increasing number of mobile users accesses large
multimedia files (such as high definition audio, video, images, etc.) over the Internet. Therefore, the bandwidth demand for mobile Internet access is getting exponentially larger. To answer users’
demand, Carrier Aggregation is proposed in LTE-A. In Carrier
Aggregation, multi bands are used and the bands have supported different coverage. Therefore, mobile users can simultaneously connect only one or multi bands. Because of mobility of users,
traffic types and assigned channel errors, the best available
Carrier Components of each band should be assigned to each
user in order to increase quality of services. Several works have
been proposed in the literature to address Carrier Components
assignment to mobile users by using Channel Quality Indicator,
quality of service and traffic types in LTE systems. However, continuously increasing data requests of users forces the operators to manage traffic more intelligently. Therefore, we have proposed a novel Carrier Component assignment method which considers
user profiles and traffic types to increase quality of services
and experiences getting by mobile users. Results show that
the proposed method uses system resources efficiently and can
provide improved throughput rate in LTE and LTE-A systems.
Our method will help service providers build efficient Carrier
Component assignment services through considering user profile and traffic types.
Research Interests:

And 259 more